河北省保定市部分高中2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題（原卷版）

高二英語考試注意事項：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Atwhattimewasthefireputout?A.Twoo’clock. B.Fouro’clock. C.Fiveo’clock.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Snowy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhosecardoesJennyhavenow?A.Herfather’scar. B.Hermother’scar. C.Herowncar.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanairport. B.Inafactory. C.Inaclassroom.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howwillthespeakersprobablygohome?A.Bybus. B.Bytaxi. C.Bysubway.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.WhatdoesthemaninvitethewomantodothisSaturday?A.Havelunch. B.Dosomeshopping. C.Gotoagalleryopening.7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknowattheend?A.Whattowear.B.Howtogetthedestination.C.Whentocomeback.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhatiswrongwithKathy?A.Sheisupsetbecauseshefailedtheexam.B.SheisworriedaboutherclassmateDon.C.Shecan’tgetonwellwithherfather.9.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Midtermexams. B.Schooleducation. C.Pressurefromparents.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hegotaraise.B.Hejustgotanewjob.C.Hemovedintoanewhouse.11.WhatkindofTVsetdoesthewomansuggest?A.Asmallone. B.Abigone. C.Acheapone.12.Whydoesthewomangivethemansuchasuggestion?A.Priceswillgoupsoon.B.Newproductscomeouteveryyear.C.Hislivingroomisn’tverybig.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whereisthemeatshelf?A.Inthebackofthestore.B.Totheleftofthespeaker.C.Ontheothersidefromthebakery.14.Howoftendoesthemangotothesupermarket?A.Onceaweek. B.Onceamonth. C.Onceafortnight,15.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?AFindsomeorangesforhim.B.Helporganizethelocations.C.Reporthisopinionwithhermanager.16.Whatisthemanlikelytobuy?A.Soap. B.Bread. C.Pork.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whoisthebookfor?A.Youngchildren. B.Parents. C.Teachers.18.WhathappenstoVanessaonherfirstdayinschool?A.Sheisbadlytreatedbyanotherchild.B.Sheplayspoorlyinthegames.C.Shespendshertimealone.19.HowdoesVanessa’sclassmatehelpher?A.Bywalkingtogetherwithher.B.Byinvitingherfordinner.C.Bytellingherwhattodo.20.Whatmightthespeakerbedoing?A.Readinghernewpicturebook.B.Hostingaradioprogram.C.Givingaclass.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AEveryyear,millionsofpeoplewatchtennisgamestocelebratethespiritoftennis.Herearefourmajortennisevents,whicharealsoknownastheGrandSlamtournaments(大滿貫賽事),helpingyouknowthesportbetter.TheUSOpenTheUSOpen,thefourthGrandSlamofthetennisyear,hasitsrootsin1881.ItisheldattheUSTABillieJeanKingNationalTennisCenterinNewYork,usuallybetweenlateAugustandearlySeptember.Playedonhardcourts,theUSOpenisknownforitshardplayingsurface,whichrewardspowerfulservesandaggressiveplay.TheFrenchOpenTheFrenchOpen,alsoknownastheRoland-Garrostournament,datingbackto1891.ItisheldannuallyattheStadeRoland-GarrosinParis,typicallybetweenlateMayandearlyJune.Thetournamentisplayedonclaycourts(紅土網(wǎng)球場),whichareknownforslowpaceandhighbounce,favoringplayerswithstrongbaselineplayandgoodslidingperformance.TheAustralianOpenTheAustralianOpenortheAO,thecalendaryear’sfirstGrandSlam,beganin1905.Ithasevolvedintoamajoreventinprofessionaltennisplaying,heldannuallyinMelbourne,inJanuary.Playedonhardcourts,theAOisfamousforitshotandoftenwindyconditions,whichtestplayers’adaptabilityandendurance(忍耐力).TheChampionships,WimbledonKnownforthegrasscourts,ithasbeenheldsince1877inWimbledon,London,whichisalsocelebratedforitsfastplayandthestricttraditionofwearingall-whiteattire(服裝).ThetournamenttakesplaceannuallyinlateJuneandearlyJuly.Itsuniqueseedingsystemandthehighhonourassociatedwithwinningthetitlemakeitoneoftheprizeseachwantsintennis.21.WhatdotheUSOpenandtheAustralianOpenhaveincommon?A.Thetypeofthecourtisthesame. B.Theslow-pacedplayersbenefitmore.C.Theorigindatesfromthe1900s. D.Thegameisunaffectedbytheweather.22.Whichcompetitionsitefeaturesthereddirt?A.TheUSOpen. B.TheFrenchOpen.C.TheAustralianOpen. D.TheChampionships,Wimbledon.23.WhatisspecialabouttheChampionships,Wimbledon?A.Itallowsparticipantstowearcolourfulclothing.B.Itofferstheplayingfieldwithgrassasahighlight.C.Itisregardedasthehardestoneinthetennisworld.D.ItrunsasthelastoneintheyearlyGrandSlamgames.B“WhenIwasyoung,ItoldmymotherthatIwouldgotoChinatolearnkungfuoneday.Shedidn’tbelieveitatthetime.WhenIgotthere,Iimmediatelycalledherandsaid,‘Mom,guesswhereIam.I’mattheShaolinTemple!’,”saysMaxYollando,ayoungmanfromCoted’Ivoire,sharinghisattachmentforChineseculture.YollandoisalsoknownasYanming,theChinesenamehewasgivenbyhisteacherattheShaolinTemple,wherethe“Shaolinkungfu”wasborn,andwhichtodayislikeamagnet(磁鐵)forfansfromallovertheworld.Atthetime,YollandowasastudentattheFelixHouphouet-BoignyUniversityinAbidjan.MotivatedbyhispassionforChineseculture,hesignedupattheConfuciusInstitutetostudyChinese.Inlate2016,hehadtheopportunitytovisitthetempleinHenanProvinceonathree-monthexchange.ThisexperiencedefinedhiscloserelationshipwithtraditionalChineseculture.AfterreturningtoCoted’Ivoire,YollandocontinuedtopracticeChineseandstudytraditionalChineseculture.InJuly2017,hereturnedtotheShaolinTempleagainandremainedthereforsixyears.Hisyearsatthetemplereading,exercising,practicingkungfuandmeditation(冥想)greatlychangedhim,andallowedhimtobetterunderstandandappreciatetraditionalChineseculture.HesaysthemostimpressivethingshenoticedthatrootedinChineseculturearetheloveofwork,respectandrecognition.Attheendof2022,whenhecompletedhisstudiesatthetemple,hebeganworkingataShaolinculturalcenterinZambia.ThefirstofitskindinAfrica,thecenterishometo30orphans(孤兒),whoaretaughtChineselanguageandtraditionalChineseculture,includingkungfu,aspartofthecourse.ForYollando,thepurposeofstudyingChineseculturewastobeabletoreturntoAfricatointroduceChinesevaluestohiscompatriots(同胞).“TheculturefascinatedmebecauseinChina,peoplemakeanefforttoworkbetter,andtheyareveryrespectfulandgratefultotheirfamilyandcountry,”hesays.24.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“attachment”inparagraph1?A.Confusion. B.Disappointment. C.Affection. D.Investigation.25.WhatmadeYollandotrulyrelatedtotraditionalChineseculture?A.LearningChineseattheConfuciusInstitute.B.VisitingtheShaolinTempleinHenanProvince.C.ReadingtraditionalChineseculturebooks.D.WorkingataShaolinculturalcenter.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYollando?A.Brave. B.Determined. C.Humorous. D.Organized.27.WhatcanwelearnabouttheShaolinculturalcenterinZambia?A.ItscoursesareallaboutChineseculture. B.ItwasfundedbytheShaolinTemple.C.Itisanofficialauthorizedagency. D.Itisacharity.CRecently,asajournalist,Ihavepublishedmanystoriesaboutsocialmedia,privacyandartificialintelligence(AI),amongotherthings.Sowhenachatbot(聊天機器人)toldmethatmyoutputmayhaveinfluenceditsresponsestootherpeople’sprompts(提示),Irushedtowipemydatafromitsmemory.Iquicklydiscovered,however,thereisnodeletebutton.AI-poweredchatbots,whicharetrainedondatasetsincludingvastnumbersofwebsitesandonlinearticles,neverforgetwhattheyhavelearned.Thatmeanschatbotsarepossibletoletoutsensitivepersonalinformation,ifithasappearedonline,andthatthecompaniesbehindtheseAIswillstruggletomakegoodon“right-to-be-forgotten”regulations,whichforceorganizationstoremovepersonaldataonrequest.ItalsomeanswearepowerlesstostophackerscontrollingAIoutputsby.plantingmisinformationorillinstructionsintrainingdata.AlloftheseexplainwhymanycomputerscientistsarebusyteachingAIstoforget.Whiletheyarefindingthatitisextremelydifficult,“machineunlearning”solutionsarebeginningtoappear.Andtheworkcouldprovevitalbeyondaddressingconcernsoverprivacyandmisinformation.ThenewgenerationofAI-poweredchatbots,whichproducetextinresponsetoourprompts,aresupportedbylargelanguagemodels.Thesearetrainedonmountainsofdata,mostofwhichisdownloadedfromtheInternet.Fromthis,theylearntospotstatistical(統(tǒng)計的)patterns,whichmeanstheycanpredictthelikeliestnextwordinasentence,producingfluentanswerstooureveryquestion.ThetroubleisthewayAIchatbotswork,whichmeansthatwhentheylearnsomething,itcan’tbeforgotten.Thiscreatesasignificantproblemwhenitcomestoprivacy,asDr.Zhangmadeclearinrecentresearch.HehighlightedhowdifficultitwillbeforAIcompaniestoobeythe“righttobeforgotten”,whichtheEuropeanUniondeclaredin2014.28Whatcauseschatbotstostorewhattheyhavelearnedforever?A.Theirstorageoftrainingdata. B.Theirusers’prompt.C.Strongreviewability. D.Lackofadeletebutton.29.WhydomanycomputerscientiststrytoteachAItoforget?ATocopyhumancompletely. B.Tostorelimitedinformation.C.Toupdateregularly. D.Toreducesecurityrisks.30.Whatcanweknowaboutthechatbotsfromparagraph3?A.Theycananswereachquestioncorrectly.B.Theylearnfromthedesigners’limiteddata.C.Theymakeresponsebasedontheprompts.D.Theycanpredictlanguagemodels’future.31.WhatproblemdidDr.ZhanghighlightforAIcompanies?A.Thedifficultyinfollowingthe“righttobeforgotten”.B.ThelackoftechnologicaladvancementsinAI.CTheoppositionfromtheEuropeanUnion.D.Theconcernsofprivacy.DToday,wearefacingaglobalwatercrisis:TheUNannouncedfivebillionpeoplewillfacewatershortagesby2050.TheWorldResourcesInstitutestatedthatalmosthalfoftheworld'spopulationisfacinghighwaterstressforatleastonemonthayear.Withtheimpactsofclimatechangeworseningwatershortages,harvestingwaterfromairvapour(蒸氣)hasbeenhighlyspokenofbysomeasasustainablesolutiontoglobalfreshwaterinsecurity.PHANTORisaninnovationharvestingwaterfromairvapour.DesignedbytheAustrianstudioDOIT,the40-footlongatmosphericwatergeneratorcanharvest10,000litersofwateradayfromambienthumidity—enoughwatertosupplyaresidentialapartmentblockorhospital.Theatmosphericwatergeneratorsucksinwatervapourandcondenses(凝結(jié))itintoliquidusingacoolingsystempoweredbyelectricityorsolarenergy.Thewaterpassesthroughcarbonandbacterialfilters.Beingavailableintwocompactsizes,40-footand20-footshippingcontainers,makesthemhighlyportablecomparedtoothergeneratormodels.Thismobilitygivesthemthepotentialtoreachremotecommunities,respondtodisastersandservewater-stressedagriculturalsiteseffectively.TheirtechnologywasrecentlyshowcasedattheGREENTECHFESTIVALinSingapore,wherethecompanyusedwaterfromthegeneratortowaterthelocalgardens.TheyestimatethatinaclimatelikeSingapore's,one40-footunitcanproduce2.8millionlitersperyear.Thisiscomparedto600,000litersthatcanbeproducedayearinaclimatelikeGermany's.However,oneofthemaindrawbacksofthistechnologyisthatindustrialscalewatergeneratorsrequireagreatdealofenergytooperate—around70kWtorunoneunit,equaltohalfafootballfieldofsolarpanels.Theyalsoyieldsubstantiallyhigherquantitiesofwaterinmorewetenvironments,andarethereforemoreorlesseffectivedependingontheirgeographiclocation.32.WhatisthepurposeofthePHANTORprogram?A.Torelievewatershortage.B.Topurifypollutedwatersources.C.Tohelppeopleinremoteareasgetwater.D.Tohelppeoplereducetheirdailyconsumption.33.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutPHANTOR?A.Howitisdesigned. B.Howitrespondseffectively.C.Howitharvestswater. D.Howitdiffersfromothermodels.34.WhydoestheauthormentionthePHANTORinSingaporeinparagraph4?A.Todisplaydifferentwaterusage. B.Toshowthetechnologypotential.C.Toproveeachunithasitsadvantage. D.Topointoutthegenerator'sdrawbacks.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthistext?A.CountriesfacingthepressingissueoflackofwaterB.ChallengesofwatersecurityacrosstheworldC.PopularityoftheatmosphericwatergeneratorD.Aninnovationharvestingwaterfromairvapour第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thesedays,almosteveryonehasacameraonthemviatheirphone.It’struethatthere’snosubstitute(代替物)foraprofessionalcamerawhenitcomestoquality,butwithafewsimplesteps,youcancapturesomeprettyamazingshotswithyoursmartphonetoo.____36____Herearesometipstohelpyoutakeyoursmartphonephotographytothenextlevel.Takemultipleshots.Oneofthebestthingsaboutsmartphonephotographyisthatyoucantakeasmanyphotosasyouwantandthereisnoneedtoprintthemofftoseetheresults.____37____Burstphotos(連拍照片)aregoodtousewhenyoursubjectmoves.Onceyou’vetakenasetofburstphotos,youcanthenselectthebestshots.____38____Veryfewsmartphonescanproduceexcellentindoorshotsduetotheirsmallsensors.Therefore,it’sbesttotakephotosoutdoorsintheproperlightingconditionstogetbetterresults.Lightingdeterminesnotonlybrightnessanddarkness,butalsomood,toneandtheatmosphereofthephoto.UseHDRmode.____39____Itaddsdetailfromthedarkandlightareastoprovidebetterbalancedexposure.Inotherwords,itwillstoptheskybeingtoobrightorthegroundbeingtoodarkandreallysuitslandscapephotography.Ifthere’sabigdifferencebetweenthelightestanddarkestpartsofyourscene,usingtheHDRfunctionisagoodoption.Edityourphotos.Theeditingtoolsorsomeappsonyourphonecanhelpyouadjustthecolor,brightnessandmore.Afterbeingedited,yourphotoswilllooksignificantlybetter.____40____Finally,ifyouwanttoknowhowtotakeaprofessionalphotowithyourphone,thebesttipofallistopractice!A.Usenaturallight.B.Areyoureadytolearnhow?C.Andyou’lldefinitelybeproudofyourphotos.D.Whycan’twetakegoodphotoswithsmartphones?E.Thismodeisincreasinglycommononmanysmartphones.F.Thismakesitmucheasiertolearnandimprovefromyourresults.G.Trydifferentmodesonyourphonestofindtheproperlightingcondition.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Marydevelopedundulantfeverattheageof4.Thediseasecancausetemporaryparalysis(癱瘓).____41____,Marywasleftunabletowalkforsometime.Sheisnow92yearsoldandgoestothe____42____twiceaweek.Sheevendrivestherebyherselftotakeexercise,butifyoulookbackatherlifeyou’dnever____43____hertoendupwiththistypeoflife.Undulantfeverisrarenowadaysbutitwascommoninthepastduetomilk____44____.Milkwasoftencontaminated(受污染的)and____45____alotofbacteria(細(xì)菌).WhenMary____46____fromthefever,herbodyhadforgottenhowtowalk.____47____,shehadtoteachherselftowalkagain.Onedaywhenherfamilyhadgonetowork,Marywasleftathome.Shedecidedto____48____hermotherwhenshereturned.Mary____49____alldayagainandagain.Whenhermotherreturned,Marysurprisedherbyshowingoffhernew____50____towalk.Ashortdistanceasitwas,hermotherwasextremely____51____.SincethenMary’sfamilyhasshowedmore____52____thanlovetoherforherdetermination.Nowshestillcan’twalkeasilywithouthelp,butshenevergivesup.She____53____goingbecauseofherphilosophy—“IfIgiveup,Iwon’tgetupagain”.Herfamilyareblessedtohavesucha(n)____54____womanasaninspirationfortheirlives.Shewon’tbewiththemfortherestoftheirlives,butshewillcontinuetoinspirethemuntilhertimecomes.Ihopeeverybodycan____55____thegiftofwalking,whichwetakeforgranted,asmuchasMary.41.A.Suddenly B.Unusually C.Accidentally D.Unfortunately42.A.clinic B.restaurant C.church D.gym43.A.persuade B.recommend C.expect D.allow44.A.pollution B.shortage C.promotion D.price45.A.kept B.contained C.produced D.sought46A.escaped B.retired C.recovered D.returned47.A.Instead B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However48.A.ask B.follow C.surprise D.remind49.A.jumped B.ran C.sang D.practiced50.A.ability B.energy C.potential D.knowledge51.A.annoyed B.disappointed C.excited D.frightened52.A.respect B.anxiety C.interest D.wisdom53.A.forgets B.keeps C.stops D.avoids54.A.honest B.selfless C.courageous D.generous55.A.imagine B.describe C.purchase D.appreciate第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。China’sfirstnationalmuseumdedicatedtoscientistswillopenitsdoorsinBeijingonThursday.Itaimstoshowcase____56____(significance)achievementsofChinesescientistsandpromotethespiritofscientificexploration.Oneofthemuseum’ssixopening____57____(exhibition)isReturn—ExhibitionofUS-educatedScientistsReturningtoChinainthe1950s,whichtellsthestoriesofoutstandingscientists____58____returnedtoChinafromtheUnitedStatesafterthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.Theexhibitionfeatures17US-ducatedscientists,includingLiangSili,QianXuesen,DengJiaxianandShenShanjing.Themuseumalsofeaturesexhibitionsofseniorscientists’____59____(academy)materials,acommemoration(紀(jì)念活動)ofthecentenaryofDeng’sbirth,anexplorationofQian’smotivations____60____alookatengineeringculturethroughindustrialheritage.“Manyaspectsofourlifewerecreatedbytheoldergeneration____61____scientists.Weliveinapeacefulera(年代),andwedidnotexperiencethehistory,soweneedtounderstandtheirstoriesthroughexhibitionsandhistory,”saidWangFei,aguidefromtheQianXuesenLibrary.Throughrepeatedly____62____(tell)thestoriesoftheoutstandingscientists,Wangsaidshefeltfortunate____63____(live)insuchanera.Shealsoemphasized____64____importanceofintroducingthespiritofscientiststothepublicthroughexhibitions,_____65_____(especial)hopingtosowaseedofpatriotism(愛國主義)intheheartsofchildren.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）66.假定你是李華，你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請你以“一次難忘的勞動經(jīng)歷”為題，寫一篇短文參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1．簡述經(jīng)歷；2．你的收獲。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AnUnforgettableLaborExperience_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）67.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Mynine-year-olddaughter,Jessica,isafriendlysoul.Fromthetimeshewastiny,shewouldmarchrightuptostrangersonthestreetandsay,“Hello!”Herbrowneyeswouldtwinkle,andshe’dbeshowingabigsmileonherface.Iwishsheweren’tsosocial.Notonlybecausesheisyoungandfemale,butalsobecauseshehasadisability:Shehasacognitive(認(rèn)知的)disability,withaweakenedbraindisorderandabnormalbehavior.That’swhyI’vedonemybesttocontrolmynervousness.Childrenwithaweakenedbraindisorderdon’trelatewelltoothers,andIdon’twanttodiscourageherattempts.Iworry,though,thatpeoplewillbecoldtoherorbecruelt