Unit3Period3DevelopingideasPresentingideasReflection課時練習(xí)解析

20212022學(xué)年上學(xué)期高一英語同步精品課堂(外研版新教材必修第二冊)Unit3Period3Developingideas，Presentingideas&Reflection同步課時練習(xí)解析版單句語法填空1．Rainforestscutandburnedatsuchaspeedwill________(appear)fromtheearthinthenearfuture.【答案】disappear【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：以這樣的速度砍伐和燃燒的雨林將在不久的將來從地球上消失。根據(jù)該句中作定語的非謂語部分cutandburnedatsuchaspeed可知，設(shè)空處意為“消失”，故填disappear。2．Thiskindofplantsaredying_______.Somedaytheywilldie_____forever. 【答案】off;out【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這種植物正在相繼死去，終有一天它們將會永遠滅絕。dyingoff相繼死去；dieout滅絕；消失；dyingaway（聲音、風(fēng)、光）慢慢變?nèi)?；dieoff相繼死去；dyingdown逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸平息；dieout消失；滅絕；dyingout消失；dieaway（聲音、風(fēng)、光）慢慢變?nèi)酢８鶕?jù)句意故填副詞off；out。3．Whenhavingatest,onemayfeelshaky,________(sweat),withhisheartbeatingquickly.【答案】sweaty【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：當進行測試時，一個人可能會感到顫抖，出汗，心跳加速。分析句式可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填形容詞，作系動詞feel的表語，與形容詞shaky并列。故填sweaty。4．Allofthestudentswere_______bythe________speechgivenbytheheadmaster.(inspire)【答案】inspired；inspiring【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：所有的學(xué)生都對校長所作的令人鼓舞的演講感到鼓舞。Inspired，感到鼓舞的，受到鼓舞的。用來修飾人的感受；inspiring令人鼓舞的，用來修飾事物的品質(zhì)。故填inspired；inspiring。5．Thegentlemanwhisperingtothebeautifulladywastryingtopersuadeher__________actinginhisnewfilm.【答案】into【解析】考查動詞用法。句意：向美麗女士低語的紳士努力說服她出演他的電影。persuadesb.todo/persuadesb.intodoing：說服某人做某事；根據(jù)空后的動名詞acting，故填介詞into。6．The__________(organize)isinfavorofsmallerclasssize,becauseitbelievesthiscanpromotebetterstudentperformance.【答案】organization【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)變。句意：該組織支持小班制，因為它相信這樣可以促進更好的學(xué)生表現(xiàn)。分析句式可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填名詞，作主語。故填organization。7．_________afewactivitiessuccessfully,Jacksonbeesmuchmoreconfidentabouthimselfanddeterminestobeahost.【答案】Havingorganised【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：已經(jīng)成功地組織了一些活動，Jackson對他自己變得更自信，并決定當一個主持人。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作狀語，邏輯主語Jackson和organize之間是主動關(guān)系，且該動作發(fā)生在謂語動作“變”之前，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式havingdone，故填Havingorganised。8．Tom,aswellashisparents,_________________________(live)inChinaoverthepastfiveyears.【答案】hasbeenliving【解析】考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。句意：湯姆和他的父母過去五年一直住在中國。根據(jù)后文overthepastfiveyears可知，表示動作從過去某時開始發(fā)生，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或離現(xiàn)在不遠的時間，并可能延續(xù)下去的動作應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進行時；且主語用aswellas連接，遵循就遠原則，即助動詞用has。故填hasbeenliving。9．Collegestudentsshouldactivelyparticipate____socialpractice,whichwillleadtotheacquisitionofmoreknowledgeandskills,nowthatwhattheylearnfrombooksislimited.【答案】in【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：既然大學(xué)生從書本上學(xué)到的東西是有限的，他們應(yīng)該積極參與會使他們獲得更多的知識和技能的社會實踐。participate“參加”，為不及物動詞。participatein：參加…；故填介詞in。10．Whichcoursedidyourteacherremend______you?【答案】to【解析】考查動詞短語。句意：你的老師向你推薦了哪門課？remendsth.tosb.是固定短語，意為“向某人推薦某物”。故填介詞to。完成句子1．在我看來，在大城市減少空氣污染的關(guān)鍵是鼓勵人們乘坐公共交通。（inspire）Inmyopinion,thekeytoreducingairpollutionisto_______________________________________________________________________.【答案】inspirepeopletotakepublictransportinbigcities【解析】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。inspiresb.todosth：.“鼓勵某人做某事”，故填inspirepeopletotakepublictransportinbigcities。我們班五分之二的男孩子都要去參軍。（join）Twofifthsoftheboysinourclassaregoingto______________________.【答案】jointhearmy【解析】考查動詞用法。join加入某黨派、某組織或某社會團體。takepartin參加(群眾性活動、會議等)，往往指參加者持積極態(tài)度．起一份作用。joinin參加（小規(guī)模的活動如“球賽、游戲”）。joinsb.insth./doingsth.與其人一起做某事。attend主要是指以觀眾或聽眾的身份來參加，一般用于參加會議、出席典禮或者招待會等，也可以指上學(xué)，聽課，聽演講或者講座等。故填jointhearmy。這個城市到處都發(fā)生了巨大的變化。它不再是20年前的樣子了，那時它還不發(fā)達。（nolonger）Greatchangeshavetakenplaceeverywhereinthecity.Itis__________________________,whenitwasnotdeveloped.【答案】nolongerwhatitwas20yearsago【解析】考查固定短語和表語從句。分析句式可知，空處引導(dǎo)一個表語從句，且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作表語，表示“它20年前的樣子”，應(yīng)使用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)；nolonger：（時間上）不再；故填nolongerwhatitwas20yearsago。4．當你遇到困難，心里七上八下的時候，你是怎么處理的？（dealwith）when______________________________________________youwerefacedwithdifficultiesandhadbutterfliesinyourstomach?【答案】Howdoyoudealwithsomemoments【解析】考查動詞短語。dealwith：處理。且該短語與疑問詞how搭配。故填Howdoyoudealwithsomemoments。5.我會盡快調(diào)查這件事的，請有點耐心。I’lllookintothematter___________________________.Justhavealittlepatience.【答案】assoonaspossible/assoonasIcan【解析】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。as．．．a(chǎn)spossible：意為“盡可能……”也可以說成as．．．a(chǎn)sonecan/could。兩個as之間使用形容詞或副詞。故填assoonaspossible/assoonasIcan。閱讀理解It’scoldanddarkoutside,andyourbedissowarmandfortable.Goingforarunseemslikesuchabadidea.Butbeforeyouhideyourrunningshoes,itmightbeworthgivingthatcrazyideaago.AccordingtoTheHuffingtonPost,anoutdoorruninwinter,asopposedtooneonatreadmill(跑步機),burnsmorecaloriesbecausethebodyisworkinghardtoregulateitscoretemperature.Furthermore,researchshowsthatracetimesarefasterincoldweatherthaninwarmertemperatures—andquickerrunsburnmorecalories.Similarly,coldweatheralsomakestheheartworkhardertodistributebloodthroughthebody,makingthatvitalmuscleevenstronger.Outdoorexercisealsoturnsupyourenergyandridsyouofthestressanddepressionthatbuildupeveryday.Theheatandhumidityinsummercandragyoudownandtireyoufaster,butcoldweatherisrefreshing.Itadjustsyoutoyoursurroundings,makingyoufeelalive.Ofcourse,thethreatofsmoginsomebuiltupareasisafurtherhurdletowinterexercise.Heartattacks,strokes,lungcancerandasthmaarealldangersofrunninginsmog.Thebinationofairpollutionandexerciseincreasesthepotentialproblems.Ifyoudochoosetorunoutsideonsmoggydays,takeapathinaparkorresidentialareatoavoidcarexhaust(廢氣),andgoearlyinthemorning,beforerushhour.Butstayinginsideonsmoggydaysandwaitingforthenextcleardaytorunisbest.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“regulate”meaninthesecondparagraph?A．Adjust. B．Decrease. C．Release. D．Prevent.2．Howdoescoldweatherbenefitrunners,paredwithwarmweather?A．Theycanrunmoreslowly.B．Theycantakeinmorecalories.C．Theirheartscanbeestronger.D．Theirbodytemperaturecangetlower.3．Howdoessummeraffectrunners?A．Itbuildsuptheirenergyquickly. B．Itmakesrunnerstiredeasily.C．Itlessensrunners’stress. D．Itcausesheartattacks.4．Whataretherunnerssupposedtodoonsmoggydays?A．Stopdrivingcars. B．Domoreexercise.C．Avoidoutdoorexercise. D．Runlateinthemorning.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了在冬天跑步比在夏天跑步益處更多，在冬天跑步更能振奮精神，但同時指出了霧霾威脅是冬季鍛煉的進一步障礙。【答案】1．A考查詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“AccordingtoTheHuffingtonPost,anoutdoorruninwinter,asopposedtooneonatreadmill(跑步機),burnsmorecalories”（據(jù)《赫芬頓郵報》報道，與在跑步機上跑步相比，冬季戶外跑步可以燃燒更多的卡路里）和第二段“Furthermore,researchshowsthatracetimesarefasterincoldweatherthaninwarmertemperatures—andquickerrunsburnmorecalories.”（此外，研究表明，寒冷天氣下的跑步時間比溫暖天氣下的要快，跑得更快燃燒更多的卡路里。）可知，冬天戶外跑步會消耗更多的卡路里，因為身體需要加大運動來調(diào)節(jié)體溫。由此可知，“regulate”意為“調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)整”。故選A。2．C考查細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Similarly,coldweatheralsomakestheheartworkhardertodistributebloodthroughthebody,makingthatvitalmuscleevenstronger.”（同樣，寒冷的天氣也會使心臟更努力地將血液輸送到全身，使重要的肌肉更加強壯。）可知，與溫暖天氣相比，在寒冷的天氣里戶外跑步能使心臟更健康。故選C項。3．B考查細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句中的“Theheatandhumidityinsummercandragyoudownandtireyoufaster.”（夏天的炎熱和潮濕會讓你情緒低落，讓你更快感到疲勞）可知，夏季的炎熱和濕氣容易讓跑步的人很快就感到疲勞。故選B項。4．C考查細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Butstayinginsideonsmoggydaysandwaitingforthenextcleardaytorunisbest.”（但在霧霾天呆在室內(nèi)，等待下一個晴天跑步是最好的。）可知，如果有霧，最好待在室內(nèi)，避免室外運動，等到天氣晴朗時再跑步。故選C項。四、七選五Forpeoplewhowonderwhichtypeofexercisetheyshouldtry,thereisaonewordanswer:running!WhileIamnotafitnesstrainerormedicaldoctor.Iamabletoevaluatethefacts,andthefactsfavorrunning.Runningisagreatformofexercise.1．Youalsodonotneedabunchoffancyequipment,forapairofbasicrunningshoesshoulddo.Finally,youdonotneedtorelyonotherpeople,asyoudowhenplayingteamsports.2．3．Whenyourun,youbuildstrengthandendurance(耐力).Yougiveyourheartagoodworkout,too.Ontopofthesebenefits,youalsobuildbonesstronger,whichhaslongtermbenefits.Manyrunnersusethetimeonthetrackorroadtothinkthroughproblems,sorunningcanhavementalhealthbenefitsaswell.4．Runninghelpsincreaseyourlevelofendorphins(內(nèi)啡肽),whicharechemicalsthatrelievepainandmakeyoumorerelaxed.Whentheseendorphinsreachthebrain,theycanmaketherunnerfeelakindofexcitement.And,beyondthetemporaryrunner’shigh,runningregularlyhelpspeoplewithdepressionimprovetheirmoods.Somepeoplemayarguethatswimmingandbikingareeasieronthejoints(關(guān)節(jié))thanrunning,butswimmingrequiresapool,andbikingrequiresabicycleandahelmet.Additionally,noonehaseverproventhattheaveragerunner’sroutineleadstojointproblems.5．A．Runningisgoodforyouremotionalneeds.B．Youcanharvestmanybenefitsfromrunning.C．Infact,theexpression“runner’shigh”reallyexits.D．Youdonotneedagymmembershipinordertorun.E.Thatmeansyoucaneasilyfitexerciseintoyourschedule.F.Sograbapairofrunningshoesandstartyournewlifeasarunner!G.It’sadvisabletojustreplaceswimmingandothersportswithrunning.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是跑步的好處?！敬鸢浮?．D空格后說“Youalsodonotneedabunchoffancyequipment,forapairofbasicrunningshoesshoulddo.（你也不需要一堆花哨的裝備，一雙基本的跑鞋就可以了）”，因此空格處應(yīng)提到你需要某物，D選項Youdonotneedagymmembershipinordertorun.（你不需要為了跑步而去健身房。）說明了跑步不需要你辦健身房的會員卡，其中的donotneed和后文的alsodonotneed形成呼應(yīng)，因此D選項符合語境，故選D項。2．E空格前說“Finally,youdonotneedtorelyonotherpeople,asyoudowhenplayingteamsports.（最后，你不需要依賴別人，就像你在團隊運動時那樣。）”，因此跑步這種鍛煉方式比較容易堅持，E選項Thatmeansyoucaneasilyfitexerciseintoyourschedule.（這意味著你可以很容易地把鍛煉安排到你的日程中。）承接上文，說明了跑步可以靠自己一個人堅持，因此E選項符合語境，故選E項。3．B空格后說“Whenyourun,youbuildstrengthandendurance(耐力).Yougiveyourheartagoodworkout,too.Ontopofthesebenefits,youalsobuildbonesstronger,whichhaslongtermbenefits.（當你跑步時，你建立了力量和耐力。你的心臟也得到了很好的鍛煉。除了這些好處之外，你還可以增強骨骼，這是長期的好處。）”，因此本段主要是講跑步的好處，B選項Youcanharvestmanybenefitsfromrunning.（你可以從跑步中收獲很多好處。）引出了下文的內(nèi)容，說明了跑步有很多好處，因此B選項符合語境，故選B項。4．C空格后說“Runninghelpsincreaseyourlevelofendorphins(內(nèi)啡肽),whicharechemicalsthatrelievepainandmakeyoumorerelaxed.Whentheseendorphinsreachthebrain,theycanmaketherunnerfeelakindofexcitement.And,beyondthetemporaryrunner’shigh,runningregularlyhelpspeoplewithdepressionimprovetheirmoods.（跑步有助于提高內(nèi)啡肽的水平，內(nèi)啡肽是一種可以緩解疼痛、讓你更放松的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。當這些內(nèi)啡肽到達大腦時，會讓跑步者感到一種興奮。而且，除了暫時的跑步者興奮之外，定期跑步還能幫助抑郁癥患者改善他們的情緒。）”，說明跑步可以使跑步者興奮，C選項Infact,theexpression“runner’shigh”reallyexits.（事實上，“跑步者是興奮的”這個說法確實存在。）說明跑步讓人興奮，因此C選項符合語境，故選C項。5．F空格處是全文最后一句，應(yīng)起著總結(jié)作用，空格前說“Additionally,noonehaseverproventhattheaveragerunner’sroutineleadstojointproblems.（此外，還沒有人證明一般跑步者的日?；顒訒?dǎo)致關(guān)節(jié)問題。）”，說明跑步?jīng)]有什么不好，我們應(yīng)該開始跑步，F(xiàn)選項Sograbapairofrunningshoesandstartyournewlifeasarunner!（所以，買一雙跑鞋，開始你跑步的新生活吧!）總結(jié)全文，發(fā)起號召，符合語境，故選F項。五、語法填詞WithlessthanthreemonthstogototheOlympicWinterGamesBeijing2022,the1．(excite)isgrowingamongwintersportsathletesandfansfromaroundtheworld.After2．(host)theSummereditionbackin2008,Chinawillwelethesportingmastersoftheworldonceagain14yearslater.3．cityofBeijingwillbeintheuniquepositionofbeingthefirstlocationinhistory,tohostboththeSummerandWinterOlympicGames.TheOpeningCeremony4．(schedule)totakeplaceon4February2022,withtheclosingceremonyon20February2022,attheNationalStadium,alsoknown5．theBird’sNestStadium.Thereare109setsofmedalstobeawarded,sevenmorethanthere6．(be)atPyeongChang2018.New7．(event)willbecontestedinbobsleigh(有舵雪橇)shorttrack,freestyleskiing,skijumping,andsnowboard.Topeteforchampions,athleteswilldisplay8．(they)amazingstrength,expertskillsandgraceful