英語翻譯崗位招聘筆試題及解答(某大型央企)

招聘英語翻譯崗位筆試題及解答(某大型央企)一、單項選擇題（本大題有10小題，每小題2分，共20分）1、WhichofthefollowingsentencesisanaccuratetranslationoftheChinesephrase“Thecompanyhasambitiousgrowthtargetsforthenextfiveyears.”?Thecompanyhassetambitiousexpansionobjectivesforthecomingfiveyears.Thecompanyaimstoachievesignificantgrowthwithinthenextfiveyears.Inthefollowingfiveyears,thecompanywillhaveambitiousexpansiongoals.Forthenextfiveyears,thecompanyplanstoexpanditsbusinessdramatically.Answer:B)Thecompanyaimstoachievesignificantgrowthwithinthenextfiveyears.Explanation:Thephrase“ambitiousgrowthtargets”isaccuratelytranslatedas“aimtoachievesignificantgrowth.”O(jiān)ptionAisclosebutslightlychangesthemeaningbyusing“expansionobjectives,”whichislesscommonthan“growthtargets.”O(jiān)ptionCandDalsoconveytheintendedmeaningbutarelessconciseandgrammaticallyaccurate.2、ChoosethecorrecttranslationfortheChinesesentence“Themeetingwaspostponedduetounforeseencircumstances.”Themeetingwasdelayedbecauseofunexpectedevents.Themeetingwasrescheduledduetounforeseensituations.Themeetingwascancelledduetounforeseencomplications.Themeetingwasheldatalaterdateduetounexpectedoccurrences.Answer:A)Themeetingwasdelayedbecauseofunexpectedevents.Explanation:Theterm“postponed”impliesthatthemeetingwasdelayedorputoff.OptionAisthemostaccuratetranslation,using“delayed”and“unexpectedevents”toconveythesamemeaningas“unforeseencircumstances.”O(jiān)ptionBuses“rescheduled,”whichimpliesachangeinthedate,notjustadelay.OptionCsuggeststhemeetingwascancelled,whichisnotthecase.OptionDislessaccurateasitsuggeststhemeetingwasheldlater,ratherthanbeingpostponed.3、Inthefollowingsentence,whichprepositioniscorrectlyusedafter“translation”toindicatethetypeofdocumentbeingtranslated?offromintowithAnswer:C)intoExplanation:Thepreposition“into”isusedtoindicatethedirectionoftranslation,i.e.,fromonelanguagetoanother.Therefore,“translationinto”isthecorrectphrasetodescribetheactoftranslatingfromonelanguagetoanother.Forexample,“HeisworkingonatranslationintoEnglish.”4、Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofatechnicaltermthatistypicallyusedinthefieldoffinanceandrequiresprecisetranslation?“Themarketisuptoday.”“Thecompanyreportedaprofitof10million.”“Theinterestratehasbeenadjusted.”“Hehasagoodcreditrating.”Answer:C)“Theinterestratehasbeenadjusted.”Explanation:Theterm“interestrate”isatechnicalterminthefieldoffinancethatrequiresprecisetranslation.Itreferstothepercentagechargedbyalenderfortheuseofitsmoney,anditisatermthatiscommonlyusedinfinancialdocumentsandreports.Theotheroptionsaremoregeneralphrasesthatmightbetranslatedwithvaryingdegreesoftechnicalaccuracydependingonthecontext.5、Thefollowingsentencecontainsasentenceerror.Whichwordshouldberemovedtocorrectthesentence?“the”“to”“in”“of”CorrectAnswer:A)“the”Explanation:Thecorrectsentenceshouldread“ThecompanyislookingforanEnglishtranslator.”Theword“the”isunnecessaryandincorrectinthecontextofthissentence,asitdoesnotrefertoaspecificcompanypreviouslymentioned.Theotheroptionsdonotcreateagrammaticalerrorwhenremoved.6、Choosethecorrectphrasetocompletethesentence:Theprojectrequiressomeonewhoisproficientinbothspokenand_______English.“complex”“formal”“vocabulary-rich”“written”CorrectAnswer:D)“written”Explanation:Thecorrectphrasetocompletethesentenceis“writtenEnglish.”ThesentenceisdiscussingtheneedforsomeonewhoisproficientinbothspokenandwrittenEnglish,whichisacommonrequirementforaprofessionaltranslator.Theotheroptionsdonotaccuratelydescribethelanguageproficiencyneededforthejob.7、Whichofthefollowingsentencesusesthesubjunctivemoodcorrectly?IfIwasyou,Iwouldtakethejob.Ifshewereme,shewouldrefusetheoffer.Iftheywascomingtotheparty,theywouldhavetoldus.IfwewasinNewYork,wewouldvisittheStatueofLiberty.Answer:B)Ifshewereme,shewouldrefusetheoffer.Explanation:Thesubjunctivemoodisusedherecorrectlywith“were”ratherthan“was”becausethesubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpresshypotheticalorcontrary-to-factsituations.InoptionB,thehypotheticalsituationisexpressedcorrectlyusing“were.”8、Identifythesentencethatusesthecorrectformoftheverb“tolie”(meaning‘torecline’):Shelaiddownonthecouchafteralongday.Helaydownhistoolsandtookabreak.Theyliedinthesuntogetatan.Wewillliedownonthegrasswhenwearriveatthepark.Answer:D)Wewillliedownonthegrasswhenwearriveatthepark.Explanation:When“l(fā)ie”means‘torecline,’it’simportanttousethecorrectforms.“Willlie”isthefuturetenseandiscorrectinthiscontext.OptionsA,B,andCalluseincorrectformsortensesforthemeaning‘torecline.’Notethat“l(fā)ay”isthepasttenseof“tolay”(meaning‘toput’),notaformof“tolie.”9、ThefollowingsentencecontainsaphrasethatisnotcommonlyusedinformalEnglish.Whichphraseshouldbereplacedtomakethesentencemoreappropriateforabusinessdocument?“Weareonthevergeof”“Weareonthebrinkof”“Weareaboutto”“Weareinthemidstof”Answer:C)“Weareaboutto”Explanation:While“Weareonthevergeof”and“Weareonthebrinkof”arebothacceptableinformalEnglish,theyimplyanearnesstoaneventthatmayormaynothappen.“Weareaboutto”isamoredirectandcertainindicationthataneventisimminent.“Weareinthemidstof”suggeststhataneventiscurrentlyongoing,whichisnottheintendedmeaninginthiscontext.10、Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthefollowingsentence:“Thecompany’sannualreportforlastyear___________indetailthefinancialperformanceofeachdivision.”accountsaccountsforaccountswithaccountsupAnswer:B)accountsforExplanation:Thecorrectphrasetousehereis“accountsfor,”whichmeanstogiveanexplanationorreasonforsomething.“Accounts”(without“for”)wouldimplywritingdownorgivinganaccountofsomething.“Accountswith”isnotastandardphraseinthiscontext,and“accountsup”isnotarecognizedphraseatall.二、多項選擇題（本大題有10小題，每小題4分，共40分）1、Inthefollowingsentences,choosethewordthatiscorrectlyusedineachcontext:A.ThecompanyislookingforatranslatorwhoisproficientinbothEnglishandFrench.B.ThedocumentneedstobetranslatedfromSpanishintoEnglish.C.Shewasassignedthetaskofinterpretingduringtheconference.D.Theinterpretermadesurethattheculturalnuanceswerepreservedinthetranslation.A.proficientB.translatedC.interpretingD.preservedAnswer:B.translatedExplanation:

InoptionA,“proficient”isusedcorrectlyasitdescribesthelevelofexpertiserequiredinthetranslator’sskills.InoptionB,“translated”isthecorrectwordtodescribetheprocessofconvertingthedocumentfromonelanguagetoanother.OptionCuses“interpreting,”whichiscorrectfortheactofconvertingspokenwordsfromonelanguagetoanother.OptionDuses“preserved,”whichiscorrectinthecontextofmaintainingtheculturalaspectsoftheoriginallanguageinthetranslatedversion.However,thequestionasksforthewordthatisincorrectlyused,andsincealloptionsarecorrectlyused,thereseemstobeamistakeinthequestionformat.Assumingthequestionisaskingforthecorrectusage,theanswerisB,butthisisbasedontheassumptionthatthequestionisaboutcorrectusageratherthanincorrectusage.2、Choosethesentencethatisgrammaticallycorrectandconveystheintendedmeaning:A.Theemployeewaspromotedbecausehewasnotlateforworkevenonce.B.Theemployeewaspromoteddespitenotbeinglateforworkevenonce.C.Theemployeewaspromotedbecausehehadneverbeenlateforwork.D.Theemployeewaspromoted,eventhoughhewasneverlateforwork.Answer:C.Theemployeewaspromotedbecausehehadneverbeenlateforwork.Explanation:

OptionAuses“evenonce”whichisredundantsince“even”impliesthatthesituationisnotcommon.OptionBuses“despite”whichisincorrectbecauseitcontradictsthepositiveoutcomeoftheemployeebeingpromoted.OptionCisgrammaticallycorrectandclearlyconveysthattheemployee’spunctualitywasasignificantfactorinhispromotion.OptionDuses“eventhough,”whichisgrammaticallycorrectbutcouldimplyanegativeoutcome,whereasoptionCclearlystatesthepositivereasonforthepromotion.3、Whichofthefollowingarecommonpitfallsintranslationthatcanleadtomisunderstandingormiscommunication?

A)Literalword-for-wordtranslation

B)Ignoringculturalcontext

C)Failingtorecognizeidiomaticexpressions

D)Over-relianceononlinetranslationtoolsAnswer:A,B,C,D

Explanation:Alltheoptionslistedcanindeedcauseissuesintranslation.Aliteralword-for-wordtranslationoftenfailstoconveytheintendedmeaning,especiallywhendealingwithphrasesthathavenodirectequivalentinthetargetlanguage.Ignoringculturalcontextcanresultinatranslationthatdoesnotmakesenseorisevenoffensiveinthetargetculture.Idiomaticexpressions,iftranslatedliterally,usuallylosetheiroriginalmeaningandimpact.Finally,whileonlinetranslationtoolscanbeuseful,over-relyingonthemwithouthumanjudgmentcanintroduceerrorsorproduceawkward,unnatural-soundingtranslations.4、Whentranslatingtechnicaldocuments,whatareessentialqualitiesatranslatormustpossess?

A)Specializedknowledgeintherelevantfield

B)Abilitytomaintainthesamelevelofformalityasthesourcetext

C)Creativityinfindingequivalenttermsandphrases

D)SkillsinsummarizingandcondensinginformationAnswer:A,B,C

Explanation:Translatingtechnicaldocumentsrequiresadeepunderstandingofthesubjectmatter,whichiswhyspecializedknowledge(A)iscrucial.Maintainingtheappropriatelevelofformality(B)isimportanttoensurethetoneandstyleofthedocumentarepreserved,astechnicaldocumentsareoftenformalandprecise.Creativity(C)isalsonecessarywhentherearenodirectequivalentsforcertainterms,requiringthetranslatortofindthemostaccuratewaytoexpressconcepts.However,whiletheabilitytosummarizeandcondense(D)canbevaluable,it’sgenerallymoreimportantintechnicaltranslationtoremainfaithfultotheoriginalcontentandavoidomittinganycriticaldetails.5、Choosethecorrecttranslationforthefollowingsentence:

“Iamwritingtoexpressmygratitudefortheopportunitytoworkwithyouresteemedcompany.”A.Iamwritingtoshowmyappreciationforthechancetoworkwithyourhighlyesteemedcompany.B.Iamwritingtoexpressmythanksforthechancetoworkwithyourrespectedfirm.C.Iamwritingtoconveymygratitudefortheopportunitytoworkwithyourdistinguishedcorporation.D.Iamwritingtostatemythanksfortheopportunitytoworkwithyourrenownedcompany.Answer:A.Iamwritingtoshowmyappreciationforthechancetoworkwithyourhighlyesteemedcompany.Explanation:

OptionAisthemostaccuratetranslationoftheoriginalsentence.“Highlyesteemed”isaformalandrespectfulwaytodescribethecompany,whichalignswiththeformaltoneoftheoriginalsentence.Theotheroptionsusesynonymsof“esteemed”butarenotasformalorpreciseintheirtranslation.6、Selectthecorrecttranslationforthefollowingterm:

“Duediligence”A.DetailedresearchB.RoutinecheckC.ComprehensiveinvestigationD.LegalreviewAnswer:A.DetailedresearchExplanation:

Theterm“duediligence”referstothecarefulresearchandinvestigationthatapersonorcompanyperformsbeforeenteringintoabusinesstransaction,especiallyamergeroracquisition.“Detailedresearch”isthemostaccuratetranslationasitcapturesthethoroughandcomprehensivenatureoftheprocess.Theotheroptionsdonotfullyconveythedepthandthoroughnessrequiredforduediligence.7、Choosethecorrecttranslationforthefollowingsentencefromtheoptionsprovided:

“這家公司的產(chǎn)品在國內(nèi)外市場上都享有很高的聲譽?！盇.Thiscompany’sproductsarewell-reputedbothdomesticallyandinternationally.B.Thereputationofthiscompany’sproductsishighinthedomesticandinternationalmarkets.C.Thiscompanyhasahighreputationforitsproductsinbothdomesticandinternationalmarkets.D.Bothathomeandabroad,thiscompany’sproductsenjoyahighreputation.Answer:CExplanation:Thecorrecttranslationshouldconveythatthecompany’sproductshaveahighreputation,whichisbestcapturedbyoptionC.TheotheroptionsaregrammaticallycorrectbutdonotconveythemeaningasaccuratelyasoptionC.8、Selectthebesttranslationforthephrase“這一創(chuàng)新技術(shù)大大提高了生產(chǎn)效率?！盇.Thisinnovativetechnologyhasgreatlyimprovedtheproductionefficiency.B.Theefficiencyofproductionhasbeengreatlyincreasedbythisinnovativetechnology.C.Theproductionefficiencywasgreatlyenhancedbythisinnovativetechnology.D.Thistechnologyinnovationhasledtoasignificantincreaseinproductionefficiency.Answer:AExplanation:Thephrase“大大提高了”directlytranslatesto“greatlyimproved,”whichisbestcapturedinoptionA.OptionBisabitawkward,andoptionsCandDwhilecorrect,arelessdirectintheirtranslationcomparedtooptionA.9、Whichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallycorrectandbestconveystheintendedmeaninginformalbusinesscommunication?Despiteoftheadverseweatherconditions,ourteammanagedtocompletetheprojectontime.Notwithstandingthebadweather,ourteammanagedtofinishtheprojectinatimelymanner.Inspitethestormyconditions,ourteamwasabletoconcludetheprojectpunctually.Regardlessoftheweatherbeingbad,wemanagedtofinishtheprojectonschedule.Answer:B

Explanation:Themostappropriatechoiceis“Notwithstandingthebadweather,ourteammanagedtofinishtheprojectinatimelymanner.”Thissentenceisgrammaticallycorrectandusesformallanguagesuitableforbusinesscommunication.“Notwithstanding”isaformalwaytoexpress“despite”or“inspiteof,”and“inatimelymanner”isagoodsubstitutefor“ontime”informalwriting.10、ChoosethemostaccuratetranslationofthefollowingChinesephraseintoEnglish:

“雙贏的局面”Asituationofmutualbenefit.Awin-winsituation.Bothpartieswinning.Mutualbenefits.Answer:B

Explanation:Thecorrecttranslationis“Awin-winsituation.”Thisphraseaccuratelycapturesthemeaningof“雙贏的局面,”whichimpliesascenariowhereallpartiesinvolvedgainsomeadvantage,makingitthemostpreciseandcommonlyusedtranslationinEnglish.Whileotheroptionshavesimilarmeanings,“Awin-winsituation”isthestandardexpressionusedininternationalbusinesscontexts.三、判斷題（本大題有10小題，每小題2分，共20分）1、翻譯過程中，直譯和意譯是相互獨立的兩種翻譯方法。答案：錯誤解析：直譯和意譯并不是相互獨立的翻譯方法。直譯是指直接按照原文的字面意義進(jìn)行翻譯，而意譯則是在不違背原文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)目標(biāo)語言的表達(dá)習(xí)慣對原文進(jìn)行靈活的翻譯。在實際翻譯過程中，直譯和意譯往往需要結(jié)合使用，以達(dá)到最佳的翻譯效果。因此，兩種方法并非相互獨立。2、在英語中，所有的名詞都可以通過添加“-er”或“-or”后綴來構(gòu)成相應(yīng)的職業(yè)名詞。答案：錯誤解析：雖然很多名詞可以通過添加“-er”或“-or”后綴來構(gòu)成職業(yè)名詞，但這并不是所有名詞的通用規(guī)則。例如，“writer”表示“作家”，而“writer”本身是一個名詞，不是職業(yè)名詞。此外，有些職業(yè)名詞可能不會遵循這個規(guī)則，如“director”源自“direct”，并不是通過添加后綴構(gòu)成的。因此，并非所有名詞都可以通過添加“-er”或“-or”后綴來構(gòu)成職業(yè)名詞。3、TheEnglishlanguageusestheRomanalphabetexclusively,whichcomprises26lettersthatareusedtoformwordsandsentences.(True)Explanation:ThisstatementiscorrectbecausethestandardEnglishalphabetisindeedbasedontheLatinorRomanscriptandconsistsof26letters(AtoZ),whichcanbecombinedinvariouswaystocreatetheentirerangeofwordsandsentencesusedintheEnglishlanguage.4、IdiomaticexpressionsinEnglishcanalwaysbetranslatedword-for-wordintootherlanguageswithoutlosingtheirmeaning.(False)Explanation:Thisstatementisfalsebecauseidiomaticexpressionsareculturallyboundandoftendonothavedirectequivalentsinotherlanguages.Translatingsuchphrasesliterally—or“word-for-word”—intoanotherlanguagewouldtypicallyresultinalossofmeaningoranonsensicalphrase.Idiomsmustoftenbetranslatedwithequivalentexpressionsinthetargetlanguagethatconveythesameconnotationorsentiment.5、TheEnglishtranslationofthephrase“tomakeendsmeet”shouldbe“tobalancethebudget.”Answer:FalseExplanation:Thephrase“tomakeendsmeet”translatesto“tolivewithinone’smeans”or“tomanagetoliveonwhatonehas.”Itdoesnotrefertobalancingthebudget.“Tobalancethebudget”wouldbemoreappropriateforthephrase“tobalancetheaccounts.”6、AprofessionalEnglishtranslatorisrequiredtotranslateadocumentfromEnglishtoChinese,butthedocumentcontainsseveralidiomaticexpressionsandculturalreferencesthatarespecifictoChineseculture.Itisacceptableforthetranslatortoprovideadirecttranslationwithoutresearchingtheculturalcontext.Answer:FalseExplanation:AprofessionalEnglishtranslatorshouldstriveforaccuracyandculturalappropriatenessintheirtranslations.Whentranslatingidiomaticexpressionsandculturalreferences,itisessentialtoresearchthecontextandfindsuitableequivalentsinthetargetlanguagethatpreservetheoriginalmeaningandculturalnuances.Simplyprovidingadirecttranslationwithoutconsideringtheculturalcontextmayleadtomisunderstandingsorlossofmeaninginthetranslateddocument.7、Theterm“paradigmshift”iscommonlyusedtodenoteafundamentalchangeinthewaywethinkaboutsomething,suchasarevolutioninscientificthoughtorbusinessstrategy.(True)

解析:Thephrase“paradigmshift”waspopularizedbyThomasKuhninhisbook“TheStructureofScientificRevolutions,”anditreferstoasignificantchangeintheconceptualframeworkoranalyticalmodelwithinwhichscientificresearchisconducted.However,thetermhasbeenadoptedmorebroadlytosignifyanykindoftransformativechangeinthinking.8、InEnglishgrammar,thesubjunctivemoodisfrequentlyusedtoexpresshypotheticalsituations,wishes,orconditionsthatarecontrarytofact.(True)

解析:ThesubjunctivemoodinEnglishisusedinclausesrepresentingthingsthatarenotactuallythecase,suchaswishes,suggestions,orhypotheticalsituations.Forexample,“IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer,”where“were”isaninstanceofthesubjunctivemoodindicatingaconditionthatiscontrarytofact.9、Theuseofpassivevoiceintranslationisalwayspreferabletoactivevoicebecauseitsoundsmoreformal.(False)Explanation:Whilethepassivevoicecansoundmoreformalandissometimesnecessarytomaintainthemeaningoftheoriginaltext,itisnotalwayspreferable.Thechoicebetweenactiveandpassivevoiceshoulddependonthecontextandtheintendedemphasis.Activevoicecanbeclearerandmoredirect,whichmightbepreferredinmanycases.10、Idiomsandcolloquialexpressionscanbetranslatedliterallyfromonelanguagetoanotherwithoutlosingtheirmeaning.(False)Explanation:Idiomsandcolloquialismsaredeeplyrootedinthecultureandlanguageoftheirorigin.Literaltranslationsoftendonotconveytheintendedmeaningandmaysoundunnaturalorconfusingtonativespeakersofthetargetlanguage.Translatorsmustfindequivalentexpressionsthatconveythesameconnotationandculturalresonanceinthetargetlanguage,aprocessknownas“dynamicequivalence”or“functionalequivalence.”四、問答題（本大題有2小題，每小題10分，共20分）第一題Pleasetranslatethefollowingpassagefrom