浙江省舟山市2023-2024學年高二下學期6月期末英語試題

舟山市2023學年第二學期期末檢測高二英語試題卷考生須知：本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)。滿分150分,考試時間120分鐘。請考生按規(guī)定用筆將所有試題的答案涂、寫在答題紙上。第I卷(選擇題)注意事項：1.答第I卷前,考生務必將自己的學校、班級、姓名、準考證號填寫在答題紙上。2.選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題紙上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標號。做在試題卷上無效。第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)：(共5小題：每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaprintingshop.B.Atabookstore.C.Inalibrary2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewcoworker.B.Atalentshow.C.Acareerambition.3.WhyhasJimeatenjustalittlebitoffriedchicken?A.He’snothungry.B.He’srushingtowork.C.He’stryinganewdiet.4.WhatwillLucydonext?A.Walkhome.B.Catchthebus.C.Lookforhernotebook.5.Howdoesthegirlfeelabouthernewteacher?A.Shefeelsbetter.B.Sheadmireshim.C.Sheisdissatisfied.第二節(jié)：(共15小題：每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whichjacketwillthewomanchoosetowear?A.Theblackone.B.Theblueone.C.Thegreenone.7Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Gotothemovies.B.BuyMaryadress.C.Attendabirthdayparty.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.WhoisMaryprobablyspeakingto?A.Herworkmate.B.Herclient.C.Herhusband.9.What’swrongwiththeman’ssparelaptop?A.It’smissing.B.Ithasavirus.C.Itneedsrepair.10.What’sMarygoingtodo?A.TurntoLisaforhelp.B.Contactherfamily.C.Buyanewlaptop.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.WhathappenedtoAlexonthewaytotheinterview?A.Hiscarbrokedown.B.Hegotstuckintraffic.C.Abusstruckhiscar.12.HowdidtheHRmanagerreacttoAlex’sexplanation?A.Hewasquiteangry.B.Hewasunderstanding.C.Hefeltembarrassed.13.WhatdidthewomanthinkofAlex’saccident?A.IttaughtAlexagoodlesson.B.Itwashandledinawrongway.C.Itcouldhavebeenavoided.聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Whomisthepartyfor?A.Dan.B.Julie.C.Jane.15.Whenwilltheguestsarrive?A.At4:00.B.At5:00.C.At6:00.16.Whathasbeenpreparedfortheparty?A.Aspecialcakeandmusic.B.Freedrinksanddancing.C.Candlesandfreedrinks.17.Whathappenedinthepartylastyear?A.Thebuildingcaughtfire.B.Thepolicecame.CTheneighborsdranktoomuch.第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Whattroubledidthespeakerusetohave?A.Havingtoomuchmeat.B.Lackingenergyforexercise.C.Feelingbadabouthisbody.19.Whatisthespeaker’scurrentweight?A.70kg.B.90kg.C.110kg.20.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Toaskforweightlossways.B.Toremendaclub.C.Tointroduceagooddiet.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題：每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAttendWomenatWorkLiveMay16We’veplannedahalfdayoflearning,guidance,andinspiration—allvirtual.Here’stheagenda:ExecutivecoachDorieClarkonworkingwiththeambitionyou’vegotrightnow,whetheryou’remakingeveryefforttogetpromotedoraretakingabreakfromstriving.She’llhelpyourecognizewhenit’sbesttoslowdownorrampup.OrganizationalpsychologistRuchiSinha’slatestresearchfindingsontrust:howtomeasuretheamountfeltbetweenteammembers,andwhattodoifit’simbalanced.Plus,she’llexplaintheupsidesofswitchingbetweendifferentkindsofleadershipstyles,andshe’llillustratehowtodothatDEIstrategistLilyZhengonthepowerofdatatocorrectdiscrimination,designfairprocesses,anddemonstrateapany’sprogresstowarddiversity,equity,andinclusion.They’llalsodescribethepositiveandnegativemovespaniesaremakingandhowtohaveinfluencewithinyours.TheAmysonwhateverguidanceyouandotherattendeesneedtoleadateam,dealwithconflict,negotiate,orsomethingelse.Emailyourquestionaheadoftimetowomenatwork@,ordropitintothechatduringthesession.Ticketsare$60forHarvardBusinessReviewsubscribersand$75foreveryoneelse.Aticketwillalsogiveyouaccesstoareplayoftheeventrecording.Registerhere.Interestedinbuyingabunchofticketsforyourteam,department,orentirepany?EmailWAWLive@tolearnaboutgroupdiscounts.Seeyouthere!1.Whatkindofactivityis“WomenatWorkLive”?A.Apanyanniversary. B.Avirtuallearningevent.C.Awomen’srightscharity. D.Anonlinepoliticalproject.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofattending“WomenatWorkLive”?A.ObtainingguidanceonteamleadershipfromTheAmys.B.ReceivingafreesubscriptiontoHarvardBusinessReview.C.GaininginsightsintoambitionmanagementfromDorieClark.D.LearningabouttheroleofdatainaddressingdiscriminationfromLilyZheng.3.Whatistheoverallthemeofthe“WomenatWorkLive”?A.Toenhanceleadershipskillsforwomeninbusiness.B.Topromotediversityandinclusionintheworkplace.C.Toprovideguidanceandinspirationforprofessionalwomen.D.Todiscussthelatestresearchinorganizationalpsychology.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了一個“職場女性直播”的虛擬學習活動的情況?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“We’veplannedahalfdayoflearning,guidance,andinspiration—allvirtual.(我們計劃了半天的學習、指導和靈感——都是虛擬的)”可知，“職場女性直播”是虛擬學習活動。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ExecutivecoachDorieClarkonworkingwiththeambitionyou’vegotrightnow,whetheryou’remakingeveryefforttogetpromotedoraretakingabreakfromstriving.(高管教練DorieClark告訴你，無論你是在努力升職，還是在努力休息，都要帶著你現(xiàn)在的雄心壯志工作)”；第三段“Plus,she’llexplaintheupsidesofswitchingbetweendifferentkindsofleadershipstyles,andshe’llillustratehowtodothatDEIstrategistLilyZhengonthepowerofdatatocorrectdiscrimination,designfairprocesses,anddemonstrateapany’sprogresstowarddiversity,equity,andinclusion.(此外，她還將解釋在不同類型的領導風格之間轉換的好處，并舉例說明DEI策略師LilyZheng如何利用數(shù)據(jù)的力量糾正歧視，設計公平的流程，并展示公司在多元化、公平和包容性方面的進步)”以及第四段“TheAmysonwhateverguidanceyouandotherattendeesneedtoleadateam,dealwithconflict,negotiate,orsomethingelse.(在領導團隊、處理沖突、談判或其他方面，你和其他與會者需要的任何指導都可以獲得TheAmys的指導)”可知，免費訂閱《哈佛商業(yè)評論》不是參加“職場女性直播”的好處。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ExecutivecoachDorieClarkonworkingwiththeambitionyou’vegotrightnow,whetheryou’remakingeveryefforttogetpromotedoraretakingabreakfromstriving.She’llhelpyourecognizewhenit’sbesttoslowdownorrampup.(高管教練DorieClark告訴你，無論你是在努力升職，還是在努力休息，都要帶著你現(xiàn)在的雄心壯志工作。她會幫助你認識到什么時候最好放慢速度，什么時候最好加快速度)”以及第三段“Plus,she’llexplaintheupsidesofswitchingbetweendifferentkindsofleadershipstyles,andshe’llillustratehowtodothatDEIstrategistLilyZhengonthepowerofdatatocorrectdiscrimination,designfairprocesses,anddemonstrateapany’sprogresstowarddiversity,equity,andinclusion.They’llalsodescribethepositiveandnegativemovespaniesaremakingandhowtohaveinfluencewithinyours.(此外，她還將解釋在不同類型的領導風格之間轉換的好處，并舉例說明DEI策略師LilyZheng如何利用數(shù)據(jù)的力量糾正歧視，設計公平的流程，并展示公司在多元化、公平和包容性方面的進步。他們還會描述公司正在采取的積極和消極的行動，以及如何對你的公司產(chǎn)生影響)”可知，“職場女性直播”的總體主題是為職業(yè)女性提供指導和激勵。故選C。BOncetherewasalittleboy,GeorgeHarper,whowaslivingwithhisuncle,Johnny,andhisaunt,Nancyafterhisparentswentmissing.George’sparentsweregeologistsandneverreturnedfromanadventurousexpeditiontripandwerebelievedtobedead.LittleHarperwaslovedalotbyhisuncleJohnnyasheandNancyhadnochild,soJohnnyalwaystookgoodcareofGeorgeashisownsonbutyethisauntNancyneverlikedhim.Georgewasveryshyandbarelyusedtotalkingwithanybody.Buthehadafriendfromhisneighborhood,GraceGreen,thedaughterofadistinguishedandweirdphysicsprofessor.Mr.Greenwasaweirdmanandwantedtobuildatimemachine.Afterdoinghisdayjobasaheadlectureratthefamouscityuniversity,hespenthiswholenightdoingweirdexperimentsinhishomelaboratory.TheneighborhoodofMr.Greenwasfedupwithwatchingeverynightcoloredflashylightsandsmokeingfromhishouse.HisweirdexperimentswerethemainreasonthatletMr.Green’swifeleavehimandstartedlivingwithherparents,butGracedecidedtolivewithherdad.ButGeorgewasveryfondofwatchingthecoloredlightsingfromMr.Green’shouse.HewastheonlypersonwhomMr.GreenhadallowedtoenterhishouseandevenhislaboratoryasGeorgeneverdoubtedMr.Green’sambitions.Heusedtoaskmanyquestionsrelatedtotheexperiments.Veryhappily,Mr.GreenusedtoanswereveryquestioncuriousGeorgeraisedandtoldGeorgeabouthissecrettimemachineprojectonwhichhewasworkingformanyyears.Mr.GreenhadalsopromisedlittleGeorgethatonedaysoonhewouldtakehimtohisparentsinhistimemachine.ThenonedaythewholeneighborhoodgatheredaroundMr.Green’shouse.EveryonewasshockedtoseethehouseofMr.GreendisappearalongwithMr.Green,Grace,andlittleGeorge.4.Wherecouldyoufindthepassage?A.Inafashionmagazine. B.Onafictionwebsite.C.Inasciencetextbook. D.Inanacademicjournal.5.HowdidtheneighborsreacttoMr.Green’sexperiments?A.Theywerefascinatedbythecoloredlights.B.Theywereannoyedbythenoiseandsmoke.C.TheysupportedMr.Green’sambitions.D.TheywerejealousofMr.Green’sscientificachievements.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Therewasanaturaldisasterthatdestroyedthehouse.B.TheexperimentcameintoeffectwiththehelpofGeorge.C.Theymighttravelthroughtimeforthetimemachineworked.D.Mr.Greenkeptagoodbalancebetweenworkandfamily.7.Whatmightbethemostpossiblesubsequencetothisstory?A.George’sunclefoundoutwhathappenedtothem.B.Mr.Greenreturnedwithafullyfunctionaltimemachine.C.Georgemethisparentsinadifferenttimeperiod.D.TheneighborsorganizedasearchpartyforMr.Green’shouse.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了從前有個小男孩，名叫喬治·哈珀，父母失蹤后，他和叔叔約翰尼、嬸嬸南希住在一起。喬治的鄰居朋友格蕾絲·格林想造一臺時光機，格林也答應喬治不久的將來，他會用他的時光機帶他去見他的父母?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要講述了從前有個小男孩，名叫喬治·哈珀，父母失蹤后，他和叔叔約翰尼、嬸嬸南希住在一起。喬治的鄰居朋友格蕾絲·格林想造一臺時光機，格林也答應喬治不久的將來，他會用他的時光機帶他去見他的父母?？赏浦?，文章選自小說網(wǎng)站。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TheneighborhoodofMr.Greenwasfedupwithwatchingeverynightcoloredflashylightsandsmokeingfromhishouse.(格林先生的鄰居們受夠了每天晚上從他家里冒出來的彩燈和煙霧)”可知，鄰居們對噪音和煙霧感到厭煩。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Veryhappily,Mr.GreenusedtoanswereveryquestioncuriousGeorgeraisedandtoldGeorgeabouthissecrettimemachineprojectonwhichhewasworkingformanyyears.Mr.GreenhadalsopromisedlittleGeorgethatonedaysoonhewouldtakehimtohisparentsinhistimemachine.(格林先生很高興地回答了喬治提出的每一個好奇的問題，并告訴喬治他已經(jīng)研究多年的秘密時光機項目。格林先生還答應小喬治，不久的將來，他會用他的時光機帶他去見他的父母)”以及最后一段“ThenonedaythewholeneighborhoodgatheredaroundMr.Green’shouse.EveryonewasshockedtoseethehouseofMr.GreendisappearalongwithMr.Green,Grace,andlittleGeorge.(有一天，整個社區(qū)的人都聚集在格林先生的房子周圍?？吹礁窳窒壬姆孔舆B同格林先生、格蕾絲和小喬治一起消失，大家都很震驚)”可知，他們可能穿越時間，因為時間機器工作了。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Mr.GreenhadalsopromisedlittleGeorgethatonedaysoonhewouldtakehimtohisparentsinhistimemachine.(格林先生還答應小喬治，不久的將來，他會用他的時光機帶他去見他的父母)”以及最后一段“EveryonewasshockedtoseethehouseofMr.GreendisappearalongwithMr.Green,Grace,andlittleGeorge.(看到格林先生的房子連同格林先生、格蕾絲和小喬治一起消失，大家都很震驚)”可知，這個故事最可能的結局是喬治在不同的時期遇到了他的父母。故選C。CAsmileyfaceisnotalwaysjustasmileyface.Behindtheyellow,wideeyedemoji’ssmileisanintergenerationalminefield.Formanyteenagersand20somethings,asmileyfacepoppingupinatextoremailisseenassomethingdifferent.HafeezatBishi,21,startedaninternship(實習)ataBrooklyndigitalmediafirm.Shewassurprisedtobegreetedbyhercoworkerswithabrightsmileyface.ForBishi,theweleseemeddismissiveandsheseestheemojiasconveyingakindofsideeyesmile.Theriseoftheuseofemojisatwork,especiallybetweenremoteteamsduringthepandemic,hascreatedmoremisunderstandingsthanever.Peopleover30tendtouseemojistoexpresswhattheimagesalwaysdid,butyoungerdigitalnativesmayusethemtoconveyironicmeanings,orusethemasshorthandforanentirelydifferentthought.Forinstance,theskullandcrossbonesmeansdeathordangertomanyadults,whilemanyyoungerpeoplesaythattothemitsignifieslaughingextremelyhardasin“I’mlaughingsohardthatI’mdying.”CharlieNelsonKeever,a31yearoldlawyerintheSanFranciscoBayArea,spendsalotoftimeanalyzingsocialmediaaccountstopiecetogetherlegalcases.Itwaswhileresearchingnarrativesandtimelinesonacasethatitdawnedonherthatyoungpeopledon’tusesmileyfacestomeantheyaresmiling.ShequizzedaGenZfriendandwasconfusedbytheundertoneswhichsomeemojiscarryforthatgeneration.Onitsface,thecowboy,agrinningemojiwearingahat,cansignifyaspecialbrandofquirky,gigglyhappiness.ButformanyinGenZ,itmeansthesenderisputtingonafront,smilingontheoutsidewhiledyingontheinside.KeeverfeelssheshouldhaveherfingeronthepulseofhowpeoplemunicateontheInternet.“There’snothingthatmakesyoufeelolderthangooglingwhatanemojimeans,”shesaid.8.HowdidBishiunderstandthesmileyfacefromhercoworkers?A.Aninsinceregreeting. B.Adynamicgreeting.C.Anindifferentgreeting. D.Agenuinegreeting.9.Whatdowelearnfromparagraph3?A.Youngpeopleuseskullandcrossbonestoconveydeathtoadults.B.Thepandemichaslargelybroughtabouttheincreasinguseofemojis.C.Emojisareoftenusedtoexpressironicthoughtsbyolderpeople.D.Misunderstandingsofemojismayoccurduetotheintergenerationalgap.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“undertone”inparagraph5mean?A.answer B.implication C.image D.signal11.WhydoesKeeverwanttohaveherfingeronthepulseofhowpeoplemunicate?A.Tocatchupwiththelatestfashionpulse.B.Tolineupwithwhatpeoplechatonline.C.Toputupwithfeelingoldwhengooglingemojis.D.Tokeepupwiththewaydigitalnativesmunicate.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章舉例說明了不同年代的人對表情符號的理解不同，因此容易造成一些誤解?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ForBishi,theweleseemeddismissiveandsheseestheemojiasconveyingakindofsideeyesmile.(對Bishi來說，這種歡迎似乎是輕蔑的，她認為表情符號傳達了一種側眼微笑)”可知，Bishi認為同事的笑臉是不真誠的問候。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Peopleover30tendtouseemojistoexpresswhattheimagesalwaysdid,butyoungerdigitalnativesmayusethemtoconveyironicmeanings,orusethemasshorthandforanentirelydifferentthought.Forinstance,theskullandcrossbonesmeansdeathordangertomanyadults,whilemanyyoungerpeoplesaythattothemitsignifieslaughingextremelyhardasin“I’mlaughingsohardthatI’mdying.”(30歲以上的人傾向于用表情符號來表達圖片的含義，但年輕的數(shù)字原住民可能會用它們來表達諷刺的意思，或者用它們來表達完全不同的想法。例如，對許多成年人來說，頭骨和交叉的骨頭意味著死亡或危險，而許多年輕人說，對他們來說，這意味著笑得非常厲害——就像“我快要笑死了?！?”可知，代際差異可能導致對表情符號的誤解。故選D?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“ShequizzedaGenZfriendandwasconfusedbythe”以及后文“Onitsface,thecowboy,agrinningemojiwearingahat,cansignifyaspecialbrandofquirky,gigglyhappiness.ButformanyinGenZ,itmeansthesenderisputtingonafront,smilingontheoutsidewhiledyingontheinside.(在它的臉上，一個戴著帽子咧嘴笑著的牛仔表情符號，可以象征一種特殊的、古怪的、傻笑的幸福。但對許多Z世代的人來說，這意味著寄件人是在裝樣子，外表微笑，內(nèi)心死亡)”可知，表情符號存在潛在的其他含義，即她問了一個Z世代的朋友，被一些Z世代的表情符號所包含的潛在含義所迷惑。故劃線詞意思是“暗指，暗示”。故選B。【11題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“KeeverfeelssheshouldhaveherfingeronthepulseofhowpeoplemunicateontheInternet.“There’snothingthatmakesyoufeelolderthangooglingwhatanemojimeans,”shesaid.(Keever覺得她應該掌握人們?nèi)绾卧诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)上交流的脈搏?！皼]有什么比在谷歌上搜索表情符號的含義更讓人覺得自己老了，”她說)”可知，Keever想要掌握人們?nèi)绾螠贤ǖ拿}搏以跟上數(shù)字原生代的交流方式。故選D。DIt’sinthedirtontheground,thedebris(碎片)onyourroof,andthedustthatticklesyournose—tinypiecesof“cosmicdust”,everywhere.Thesemicroscopicparticlesfromouterspacearemicrometeorites(微隕石)—mostlythedebrisfrometsandasteroids(小行星)—andtheyhavesettledalloverourplanet.Oncetheparticlessettletotheground,theycanbefoundanywhere;theycouldbesittingonyourclothesrightnow.Butdespitetheirwidespreadpresence,findingcosmicdustisn’teasy.OneplacethattheparticlesshowupmoreeasilyisAntarctica.Aroundadecadeago,MattewGengeatImperialCollegeLondonspentsevenweekssearchingforandcollectingdustthere.ThedownsidetocollectingdustfromAntarcticaisthecostandplicationsoftravellingthere.That’swhyPennyWozniakiewiczoftheUniversityofKentintheUKhasfocusedherresearchclosertohome.Thekeyistocollectmaterialsfromafairlyundisturbedspot.Forinstance,shesamplesontherooftopsofoldcathedralsintheUK.Shefocusesontheseroofsbecausetheyareoldandmoreuntouchedthanmodernbuildings.What’smore,historicbuildingslikecathedralsusuallyhavewellkeptrecordsthatindicatewhenmaintenanceandcleaninghavebeendone.Thatmakesiteasiertodeterminehowlongcosmicdusthasbeencollectingandgivesresearchersinsightintowhatotherparticlesmightbepresentinthedusttheycollect.ThisallowsthemtomoreefficientlyremovetheEarthstuff,andfocusonthespacestuff.Eachyear,approximately100billionparticlesofspacedustlandonEarth,carryingsecretsfromasteroidsandofferingglimpsesintotheformationofgalaxies.Thesemicrometeoritesnotonlycontainwaterbutalsoorganicmolecules(分子);theypotentiallyserveasthebuildingblocksforlifeonEarth.Cosmicdustcould,therefore,tellscientistsabouttheintricate(錯綜復雜的)relationshipbetweenthesecelestialbodiesandEarth.Itactsasabridge,connectingustothewideruniverse.12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutcosmicdust?A.Thedustisveryeasytocollectbecauseitiswidespread.B.MattewGengefailedtocollectthedustaroundtenyearsago.C.Alltinypiecesofcosmicdustarenotfrometsandasteroids.D.Antarcticaistheonlyplacewherethedustshowsupmoreeasily.13.PennychosetoresearchontheroofsofoldcathedralsforthereasonsEXCEPT__________.A.theyoftenhavewellpreservedrecordsofmaintenanceandcleaningB.theyaremoreefficientforresearcherstomaketheEarthstuffremovedC.theyaremoreancientandundisturbedthanbuildingsbuiltinmoderntimesD.theyarelessexpensiveandplicatedtoapproachthantravellingtoAntarctica14.Whatdoesparagraph5imply?A.Micrometeoritesarethebuildingblocksforlifeonearth.B.About100billionparticlesofcosmicdustarecollectedeveryyear.C.Cosmicdustisabridgewhichconnectsustothewideruniverse.D.Scientistscanknowmoreabouttheouterspacethroughcosmicdust.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheCosmicDust:SittingonYourRoof B.Antarctica:TheHometoCosmicDustC.OldCathedrals:UndisturbedSpotforCosmicDust D.Micrometeorites:ParticlesfromOuterSpace【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了宇宙塵埃來源以及科學家通過屋頂上的塵埃來研究太空塵埃顆粒的原因。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thesemicroscopicparticlesfromouterspacearemicrometeorites(微隕石)—mostlythedebrisfrometsandasteroids(小行星)—andtheyhavesettledalloverourplanet.(這些來自外太空的微小顆粒是微隕石——主要是彗星和小行星的碎片——它們遍布我們的星球)”可知，C選項“并非所有微小的宇宙塵埃都來自彗星和小行星”正確。故選C。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThedownsidetocollectingdustfromAntarcticaisthecostandplicationsoftravellingthere.(從南極洲收集灰塵的缺點是旅行的成本和復雜性)”以及第四段“Shefocusesontheseroofsbecausetheyareoldandmoreuntouchedthanmodernbuildings.What’smore,historicbuildingslikecathedralsusuallyhavewellkeptrecordsthatindicatewhenmaintenanceandcleaninghavebeendone.(她專注于這些屋頂，因為它們比現(xiàn)代建筑更古老，更原始。更重要的是，像大教堂這樣的歷史建筑通常有保存完好的記錄，表明何時進行了維護和清潔)”可知，B選項不是研究屋頂?shù)脑颉９蔬xB。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Cosmicdustcould,therefore,tellscientistsabouttheintricate(錯綜復雜的)relationshipbetweenthesecelestialbodiesandEarth.Itactsasabridge,connectingustothewideruniverse.(因此，宇宙塵埃可以告訴科學家這些天體和地球之間復雜的關系。它就像一座橋梁，將我們與更廣闊的宇宙連接起來)”可知，第5段暗示了科學家可以通過宇宙塵埃更多地了解外太空。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ThedownsidetocollectingdustfromAntarcticaisthecostandplicationsoftravellingthere.That’swhyPennyWozniakiewiczoftheUniversityofKentintheUKhasfocusedherresearchclosertohome.Thekeyistocollectmaterialsfromafairlyundisturbedspot.Forinstance,shesamplesontherooftopsofoldcathedralsintheUK.(從南極洲收集灰塵的缺點是旅行的成本和復雜性。這就是為什么英國肯特大學的PennyWozniakiewicz把她的研究重點放在離家更近的地方。關鍵是要從一個相當不受干擾的地方收集材料。例如，她在英國舊教堂的屋頂上取樣)”結合文章主要介紹了宇宙塵埃的來源以及科學家通過屋頂上的塵埃來研究太空塵埃顆粒的原因?？芍?，A選項“宇宙塵埃：落在你的屋頂上”最符合文章標題。故選A。第二節(jié)：(共5小題：每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoProtectYourEyesWhenUsingaputerExpertsagreethatspendingtimeinfrontofaputermaycauseeyestrain.Whileeyestraintypicallyisn’tharmful,itcancausebothersomesymptomslikedry,wateryeyes,sensitivitytolightandneckorshoulderpain.____16____Researchsuggeststhatmakingsimplechangesmayhelppreventeyestrain.Repositionreferencematerials.____17____Iftheyaretoolowortoohigh,youreyeswillhavetorefocuseverytimeyouglanceatthem,leadingtoeyefatigue.Actually,referencematerialsshouldbelocatedabovethekeyboardandbelowtheputer’smonitor.Tohelpdothis,useadocumentholderorabooktopropupmaterialsafewinchesandhelprestyoureyes.Blinkeverysooften.Wenaturallyblinkabout20timeseveryminute,butwhenfocusingonascreenthiscandropbyasmuchashalf.Thismeansyoureyesareatmuchgreaterriskofdryingoutwhenworkingontheputer.You’llhavetobeconsciousofthisandforceyourselftoblink.Deliberatelyblinkeveryfivesecondsorso.____18____Every20minutes,lookawayfromthescreenfor20seconds.Adjustyourscreenlighting.Yourscreenshouldbeilluminatedinrelationtoyourenvironment.Ifyou’reworkinginabrightlylitroom,youcanincreaseyourbrightnesssettings;iftheroomisdim,lowerthesettings.Ifyoureyesarefeelingstrained,tryadjustingyourbrightnesssettingsinrelationtoyourworkenvironment.____19________20____Eyedoctorsusethistermtodescribetheadverseeffectsofprolongedputeruse.Thesesymptomsarenotpermanentandshouldsubsidewhenyoustepawayfromtheputerforafewhours.Theycancausesignificantdisfort,however,andifignoredcanleadtopermanenteyeproblems.A.Fortunately,thereisstillawayout.B.Pausewithputervisionsyndrome.C.Haveabreakwheneyestrainhappens.D.Improperpositionofmaterialscancausedisfort.E.Ifyoufindthistoodistracting,trytakingbreaks.F.Duringthistime,youshouldblinkorcloseyoureyes.G.Anyway,youreyesoftentellyouwhatyoushoulddo.【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.G20.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了使用電腦時保護眼睛的方法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Expertsagreethatspendingtimeinfrontofaputermaycauseeyestrain.Whileeyestraintypicallyisn’tharmful,itcancausebothersomesymptomslikedry,wateryeyes,sensitivitytolightandneckorshoulderpain.(專家一致認為，長時間坐在電腦前可能會導致眼睛疲勞。雖然眼睛疲勞通常是無害的，但它會導致令人煩惱的癥狀，比如眼睛干澀、流淚、對光敏感、脖子或肩膀疼痛)”以及后文“Researchsuggeststhatmakingsimplechangesmayhelppreventeyestrain.(研究表明，做一些簡單的改變可能有助于預防眼睛疲勞)”可知，本句與上文構成轉折，指出有辦法可以緩解眼睛疲勞的問題。故A選項“幸運的是，還有一條出路”符合語境，故選A?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)標題“Repositionreferencematerials.(重新給材料放位置)”以及后文“Iftheyaretoolowortoohigh,youreyeswillhavetorefocuseverytimeyouglanceatthem,leadingtoeyefatigue.Actually,referencematerialsshouldbelocatedabovethekeyboardandbelowtheputer’smonitor.Tohelpdothis,useadocumentholderorabooktopropupmaterialsafewinchesandhelprestyoureyes.(如果它們太低或太高，你的眼睛在每次看它們時都必須重新聚焦，導致眼睛疲勞。實際上，參考資料應該放在鍵盤的上方和電腦顯示器的下方。為了做到這一點，用一個文件柜或一本書來支撐幾英寸的材料，幫助你的眼睛休息)”可知，本段的主旨是關于材料放置位置的建議，故D選項“材料放置位置不當會引起不適”符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Deliberatelyblinkeveryfivesecondsorso.(故意每五秒眨眼一次)”以及后文“Every20minutes,lookawayfromthescreenfor20seconds.(每隔20分鐘，把視線從屏幕上移開20秒)”可知，本句是在說明上文方法的具體運用。E選項中this指代上文“Deliberatelyblinkeveryfivesecondsorso.”。故E選項“如果你覺得這太讓人分心，試著休息一下”符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyoureyesarefeelingstrained,tryadjustingyourbrightnesssettingsinrelationtoyourworkenvironment.(如果你的眼睛感到緊張，試著根據(jù)你的工作環(huán)境調(diào)整你的亮度設置)”可知，本段為本段最后一句，故承接上文，說明應該按照眼睛的狀況進行亮度調(diào)整。故G選項“不管怎樣，你的眼睛經(jīng)常告訴你應該做什么”符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Eyedoctorsusethistermtodescribetheadverseeffectsofprolongedputeruse.Thesesymptomsarenotpermanentandshouldsubsidewhenyoustepawayfromtheputerforafewhours.Theycancausesignificantdisfort,however,andifignoredcanleadtopermanenteyeproblems.(眼科醫(yī)生用這個詞來描述長時間使用電腦的不良影響。這些癥狀不是永久性的，離開電腦幾個小時后就會消失。然而，它們會引起嚴重的不適，如果忽視，可能會導致永久性的眼部問題)”可知，后文提到了離開電腦癥狀就會消失，本句主要說明后文提到的術語thisterm，指的是B選項中putervisionsyndrome。故B選項“有電腦視覺綜合癥就暫停”符合語境，故選B。第三部分：語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題：每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenWhitemetthepitbullpuppyin2018,Darbywasyoung,playful,strongasanox.Then,inthesummerof2019,cameDarby’sdatewithdestiny.Whitewas___21___inNorthernCaledonia’sBodegaBay.HeleftDarby,thenayearoldand100pounds,intheparkedcarwithwindows___22___,whilehecasthislineafewyardsaway.Thefishweren’tbiting,Whiterecalled,until,___23___,theywere.Atfirst,Whitethoughthehadhookedastingray.Butashereeled(繞線)itin,he___24___itwasasevengillshark,about6feetlong.Notunmonbutstill___25___.Hebroughtitcloseandcarefullyunhookedit,expectingitto___26___.Itdidn’t.Thesharkbithisankle.“Allofasuddentherewas___27___everywhere,”saysWhite.Heyelledforhelp,hopingthefishermendownthe___28___couldhear.Buttheydidn’tseemtoknowwhatwasgoingon.Fortunately,Darbydid.Hejumpedoutofthecarandrantowardthewater.Heranrightuptothesharkand___29___histeethintoitsgills(魚鰓).“Thatjustmadethesharkbitedownharder,”Whitesays.Darby___30___,thenregroupedandattackedtheshark’stail.Theshark___31___itsgrip(緊抓),andWhitemanagedtopushitintoshallowwater,___32___itswamoff.“Thewholethingtooklessthanaminute,”Whitesays,“butitleftplentyof___33___.”Whitewasabletostopthebleedingandgettoahospital,wherehelearnedthatthewoundwasverysevere.Thatwouldhavebeentheendofit,hadDarby’sstorynotgoneviral(走紅).Whitewas___34___byNBCNewsandCNN.That’swhenthecountlesscashoffersstartedtoein.Butthebigdogwasnotfor___35___.21.A.swimming B.running C.driving D.fishing22.A.beneath B.off C.up D.down23.A.gradually B.suddenly C.definitely D.exceptionally24.A.remembered B.conveyed C.realized D.concluded25.A.dangerous B.marvelous C.vigorous D.courageous26.A.breakaway B.flashaway C.swimaway D.pullaway27.A.shock B.blood C.water D.shout28.A.beach B.road C.park D.b