標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀

GB/T 44319-2024 是一項針對月球及深空探測活動中使用的同位素溫差電池所制定的國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)詳細(xì)規(guī)定了此類電池的設(shè)計、制造、性能測試、安全要求以及環(huán)境適應(yīng)性等方面的規(guī)范，旨在確保同位素溫差電池在極端太空環(huán)境下的可靠性和高效能，支持長期的太空探索任務(wù)。

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)容概覽

  1. 范圍：明確了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用的產(chǎn)品類型，即專為月球及深空探測裝備設(shè)計的同位素溫差電池，概述了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)覆蓋的電池組件、工作原理和應(yīng)用場景。

  2. 術(shù)語和定義：對同位素溫差電池相關(guān)的專業(yè)術(shù)語進(jìn)行界定，包括但不限于同位素?zé)嵩?、熱電偶、溫差發(fā)電效應(yīng)等，以確保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)外溝通的一致性。

  3. 分類與標(biāo)記：根據(jù)電池的輸出功率、使用同位素類型、工作溫度范圍等關(guān)鍵參數(shù)對電池進(jìn)行分類，并規(guī)定了產(chǎn)品標(biāo)記方法，便于識別和管理。

  4. 技術(shù)要求：

    • 設(shè)計要求：規(guī)定電池結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)能承受發(fā)射和太空環(huán)境的力學(xué)沖擊、振動，以及極端溫差。
    • 性能指標(biāo)：包括電輸出功率、能量密度、使用壽命、熱電轉(zhuǎn)換效率等，確保電池能滿足探測器的能源需求。
    • 安全規(guī)范：要求電池在正常運行及故障狀態(tài)下均能保證操作人員和環(huán)境的安全，防止放射性物質(zhì)泄露。

  5. 試驗方法：詳細(xì)說明了對電池進(jìn)行性能驗證和安全性評估的具體測試程序，如熱循環(huán)試驗、振動試驗、輻射防護(hù)試驗等。

  6. 檢驗規(guī)則：制定了產(chǎn)品出廠前的檢驗流程和合格判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，確保每批次電池都符合設(shè)計和技術(shù)要求。

  7. 標(biāo)志、包裝、運輸和儲存：規(guī)定了電池的標(biāo)識信息、包裝要求、運輸條件以及儲存環(huán)境，以保護(hù)電池免受損害并維持其性能。

  8. 質(zhì)量保證：要求制造商建立質(zhì)量管理體系，從原材料采購到成品出廠的全過程實施嚴(yán)格的質(zhì)量控制。

實施意義

本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的出臺，不僅為同位素溫差電池的研發(fā)與生產(chǎn)提供了統(tǒng)一的技術(shù)指導(dǎo)和質(zhì)量評判基準(zhǔn)，還促進(jìn)了國內(nèi)航天領(lǐng)域相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的技術(shù)進(jìn)步和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化進(jìn)程，增強了我國在月球及深空探測活動中的能源供應(yīng)保障能力，為未來的深空探索奠定了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。


如需獲取更多詳盡信息，請直接參考下方經(jīng)官方授權(quán)發(fā)布的權(quán)威標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔。

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文檔簡介

ICS

49.140

CCS

V70

中華人民共和國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T44319—2024

月球與深空探測用同位素溫差電池

Radioisotopethermoelectricgeneratoroflunaranddeepspaceprobe

2024-08-23發(fā)布2025-03-01實施

國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局發(fā)布

國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會

GB/T44319—2024

目次

前言

·····································································································

Ⅲ

1

范圍

··································································································

1

2

規(guī)范性引用文件

······················································································

1

3

術(shù)語和定義

···························································································

1

4

技術(shù)要求

······························································································

1

4.1

功能要求

·························································································

1

4.2

產(chǎn)品組成

·························································································

2

4.3

電性能要求

······················································································

2

4.4

質(zhì)量要求

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3

4.5

外觀要求

·························································································

3

4.6

材料要求

·························································································

3

4.7

機械接口

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3

4.8

熱接口

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3

4.9

電接口

···························································································

3

4.10

漏率要求

························································································

3

4.11

輻射劑量當(dāng)量率要求

···········································································

3

4.12

核防護(hù)要求

·····················································································

4

4.13

壽命要求

························································································

4

4.14

可靠性要求

·····················································································

4

4.15

環(huán)境適應(yīng)性要求

················································································

4

4.16

緊急事故適應(yīng)性要求

···········································································

4

5

試驗方法

······························································································

4

5.1

通則

······························································································

4

5.2

電性能

···························································································

5

5.3

質(zhì)量

······························································································

5

5.4

外觀

······························································································

5

5.5

材料

······························································································

5

5.6

機械接口

·························································································

5

5.7

熱接口

···························································································

5

5.8

電接口

···························································································

5

5.9

漏率

······························································································

5

5.10

輻射劑量當(dāng)量率

················································································

6

5.11

核防護(hù)

··························································································

6

5.12

壽命

·····························································································

6

Ⅰ

GB/T44319—2024

5.13

可靠性

··························································································

6

5.14

環(huán)境適應(yīng)性

·····················································································

6

5.15

緊急事故適應(yīng)性

················································································

6

6

檢驗規(guī)則

······························································································

7

6.1

檢驗分類

·························································································

7

6.2

檢驗條件

·························································································

7

6.3

檢驗的項目、要求和方法

········································································

7

6.4

鑒定與交收檢驗要求

·············································································

8

6.5

判定規(guī)則

·························································································

8

7

標(biāo)志、標(biāo)簽和隨行文件

···············································································

8

8

包裝、運輸和貯存

····················································································

9

9

安裝和使用要求

······················································································

9

9.1

上器安裝

·························································································

9

9.2

預(yù)定用途和使用要求

·············································································

9

Ⅱ

GB/T44319—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由全國宇航技術(shù)及其應(yīng)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會（SAC/TC425）提出并歸口。

本文件起草單位：北京空間飛行器總體設(shè)計部、中國電子科技集團(tuán)公司第十八研究所、中國原子能

科學(xué)研究院、中國航天標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化研究所。

本文件主要起草人：陳建新、張熇、陳陽、雷英俊、侯旭峰、唐顯、陳向東、馬巨印、李海飛、

泉浩芳、張有為、呂冬翔、秦少鵬、劉自軍、斯東波、王雪、李軒、張寧康。

Ⅲ

GB/T44319—2024

月球與深空探測用同位素溫差電池

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了月球與深空探測用同位素溫差電池的技術(shù)要求、試驗方法、檢驗規(guī)則、標(biāo)志、標(biāo)簽和

隨行文件、包裝、運輸和貯存、安裝和使用要求。

本文件適用于月球與深空探測用同位素溫差電池的設(shè)計、生產(chǎn)、試驗和驗收。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日期對應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件

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