第01講過去完成時(shí)（原卷版）

第01講過去完成時(shí)1．了解過去完成時(shí)解題方法與技巧。2．進(jìn)行過去完成時(shí)真題訓(xùn)練。過去完成時(shí)的概念與結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)概念：過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去（pastinthepast）”。|||>那時(shí)以前那時(shí)現(xiàn)在構(gòu)成：過去完成時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞had+過去分詞”構(gòu)成，其中had通用于各種人稱。Theyhadalreadyhadbreakfastbeforetheyarrivedatthehotel.Shehadfinishedwritingthepositionby10：00thismorning.（二）過去完成時(shí)的主要用法過去完成時(shí)是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，表示的是“過去的過去”，只有和過去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)才使用它。需要與一個(gè)表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，它不能離開過去時(shí)間而獨(dú)立存在。多與already，yet，still，just，before，never等時(shí)間副詞及by，before，until等引導(dǎo)的短語或從句連用。如：Hetoldmethathehadwrittenanewbook.(hadwritten發(fā)生在told之前)WhenIwokeup,ithadstoppedraining.BeforeshecametoChina,GracehadtaughtEnglishinamiddleschoolforaboutfiveyears.Peterhadcollectedmorethan300Chinesestampsbythetimehewasten.（三）過去完成時(shí)的判斷依據(jù)1.由時(shí)間狀語來判定一般說來，各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語。與過去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有：（1）by,bytheendof,before+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo'clocklastnight.WehadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.TheyhadplantedsixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday.（2）Bythetime,When,Before+一過從句。如：Bythe1990sthenumberhadfallentoabout50,000.Beforehevolunteeredtodirectthetraffic,Timoteohadhadlotsofjobs.Peterhadcollectedmorethan300Chinesestampsbythetimehewasten.WhenIwokeup,ithadstoppedraining.2.由“過去的過去”來判定。過去完成時(shí)表示“過去的過去”，是指過去某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，即動(dòng)作有先后關(guān)系，動(dòng)作在前的用過去完成時(shí)，在后的用一般過去時(shí)。這種用法常出現(xiàn)在：（1）賓語從句中當(dāng)賓語從句的主句為一般過去時(shí)，且從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作時(shí)，從句要用過去完成時(shí)。在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句。如：Shesaidthatshehadseenthefilmbefore.（2）狀語從句中在時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式等狀語從句中，主、從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生有先后關(guān)系，動(dòng)作在前的，要用過去完成時(shí)，動(dòng)作在后的要用一般過去時(shí)。如：WhenIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.Whenheheardthesewords,Jimpanickedandranout.注意：before,after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，由于before和after本身已表達(dá)了動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系，若主、從句表示的動(dòng)作緊密相連，則主、從句都用一般過去時(shí)。如：Wheredidyoustudybeforeyoucamehere?Afterheclosedthedoor,helefttheclassroom.（3）表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用過去完成時(shí)表示"原本…，但后來未能…"

Theyhadhopedtobeabletoarrivebeforeten.Likeeveryschoolboy,Ihadthoughtthatgoingintospaceasanastronautmusebethebestjobintheworld.3.根據(jù)上、下文來判定。ImetJiminthestreetyesterday.Wehadn'tseeneachothersincehewenttoLondon.一、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1．Marywaspleasedtoseethattheseedsshe_____(plant)inthegardenweregrowing2．Bythetimehewas12,he_____________(travel)tomanycountries.3．Thetwins,who________(finish)theirhomework,wereallowedtoplaybadmintonontheplayground.4．I________(intend)tocallonyou,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.5．Theman________(write)about300piecesofmusictillthen.6．Bytheendoflastweek,they________(finish)80percentofthework.7．Itwasthefirsttimethathe________(meet)sostrangeakindofcar.8．She________(learn)someEnglishbeforeshecametoourschool.9．Bythetimehewasfourteen,theboy____(establish)asmallpanyofhisown.10．Japan________(hatch)aplottolaunchasurpriseattackonPearlHarbor,sotheattackbeganwithoutwarningandwithoutdeclaringwarontheUnitedStates.11．Itwasthesecondtimethathe________(win)thegoldmedalinthegames.12．Shesaidthatshe____________(see)thefilmbefore.13．Bynineo’clocklastnight,we____________(get)200picturesfromthespaceship.14．Bythetimeshegottotheschool,thefirstlesson________________(start).15．Writingoutalltheinvitationsbyhandwasmoretimeconsumingthanwe________(assume)previously.16．IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey_________(do)forme.17．Bythattime,thefire________(extend)tothe15thfloor.18．ThiswasthefirsttimethatI________(e)toyourhometown.19．Thegirlsittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervousbecauseshe________(notfly)before.20．He________(hardlyhang)thepictureonthewallwhenitfelldown.21．WhenIwokeup,it________(alreadystop)raining.22．IreturnedthebookthatI________(borrow)tothelibrary.23．ImetTomyesterday.We________(notsee)eachothersincehewenttoBeijing.24．Theparticipantwasbannedfromthepetitionbecausehe________(use)genedope.25．Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretrees___________(suffer)thegreatestwatershortage.26．Wefinishedlaterthanwe________(intend).27．Itwasthesecondtimethattheyoungathlete______________(participate)inmarathon.28．Hedidn’tknowwhat_______________(e)aboutbeforehecameback.29．Itwasthethirdtimethathe_______________(organize)suchameaningfulactivity.30．Shetoldmeitwasthemostinstructivelecturethatshe_____________(attend)sinceshecametothisschool.31．Bythetimehewasateenager,he________(win)areputationasawonderfulyoungmusician.32．ByApril,2019,theBDSsystem________(serve)morethan50,000piecesofagriculturalmachinery,saving10percentoffuel.33．MrBrown__________(live)inthesouthforsevenyearsbeforehecamehere.34．Whenhe________（finish）hislunch,heaskedforaglassofwater.35．Thiswasthefirsttimethey_________(e)toyourhometown.36．Johndecidedtogobacktoworknowthathe_____(get)well.37．Theboyadmittedthathe______(be)addictedtotheInternettwoyearsbefore.38．Itwasthefirsttimethathe_________(meet)withsuchatoughproblem.39．Theboywassatisfiedwiththenewstorybookhe________(long)for.40．I________(mean)toofferyouahand,butIwasotherwiseengagedthen.41．He___________（intend）togetajobinthemedia,butgaveuptheplanafterstrugglingforweeks.42．Bytheendof1976,manybuildings____________(build)inthecity.43．Thescientistsaidhe___________(spend