廣東省深圳市羅湖區(qū)2024-2025學年高三上學期第一次摸底考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省深圳市羅湖區(qū)2024-2025學年高三上學期第一次摸底考試英語試題第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A2024InternationalYouthJournalismContestThe2024InternationalYouthJournalismContest,sponsoredbyYouthJournalismInternational,promotesafreeyouthpressbyrecognizingexceptionalworkinEnglishbystudentreporters.●CategoriesStudentJournalistOfTheYearTorecognizeexceptionalworkinjournalismbyastudentjournalist.JournalismEducatorOfTheYearTohonorateacherwhoinspiresstudentsandbringsouttheverybestinthem.CourageInJournalismAwardTorecognizeanindividualyouthjournalistwhoshowedparticularcourageinpursuingastorydespitedanger,officialroadblocks,orotherunusualobstacles.JacintaMarieBunnellAwardTohonoranindividualwhogavevoicetoanimportantissueinasingleopinionpieceoraseriesofopinionpiecesdevotedtothesametopic.●ImportantNoticeWerequirethatallentriesbeaccessibleonline.Youmustincludeapubliclinktoeveryentryyousubmit,whichshouldbeaccessibletoanyonewhohasthelink.Journalistswhomeetthecriteriaofbeing19yearsoldoryoungerandnotemployedprofessionallyatthetimeofpublicationarequalifiedtoparticipatefromanycountry.●AdmissionFeeAfeeof$35isrequiredforeachcategoryyouenter.However,ifthefeepresentsafinancialhardship,youmayapplyforanexemption(免除),whicharelimitedtotwoentriesperparticipant.1.Whatistheaimofthecontestconcerningstudentreporters?A.Tohelpexploretheirowntalents.B.Toadvocatetheirfreeexpressions.C.Tocollecttheiroutstandingworks.D.Toincreasetheirimpactinthefield.2.Whichawardhonorsayoungjournalistforbringingattentiontoasignificantproblem?A.StudentJournalistofTheYear.B.JournalismEducatorofTheYear.C.CourageinJournalismAward.D.JacintaMarieBunnellAward.3.Whichofthefollowingisarequirementtoenterthecompetition?A.Beingagrown-upamateurjournalist.B.Makingyourentriesavailableonline.C.Applyingfornomorethantwoentries.D.Paying$35foryourcompetitiveevent.〖答案〗1.B2.D3.B【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了2024年國際青年新聞比賽的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“The2024InternationalYouthJournalismContest,sponsoredbyYouthJournalismInternational,promotesafreeyouthpressbyrecognizingexceptionalworkinEnglishbystudentreporters.(由國際青少年新聞協(xié)會贊助的2024年國際青年新聞比賽，通過表彰學生記者的杰出英文報道來促進自由的青年新聞業(yè)。)”可知，學生記者大賽的目的是為了倡導他們的自由表達。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JacintaMarieBunnellAward中關(guān)鍵句“Tohonoranindividualwhogavevoicetoanimportantissueinasingleopinionpieceoraseriesofopinionpiecesdevotedtothesametopic.(表彰在一篇或一系列針對同一主題的評論文章中對某一重要問題發(fā)表意見的個人)”可知，JacintaMarieBunnell獎項表彰年輕的記者引起人們對一個重大問題的關(guān)注。故選D。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ImportantNotice中關(guān)鍵句“Werequirethatallentriesbeaccessibleonline.Youmustincludeapubliclinktoeveryentryyousubmit,whichshouldbeaccessibletoanyonewhohasthelink.(我們要求所有條目都可以在線訪問。你必須在你提交的每個條目中包含一個公共鏈接，任何人都可以訪問這個鏈接)”可知，參賽作品要求可以在線訪問。故選B。BBakingloverandherbakerywith“silent”staffersSomepeoplemayopenabakerytoturntheirpassionintoaprofession.Someopenabakerytorealizetheirchildhooddream.ForZhengXiaoyan,founderofSilentBreadTree,themainreasonshechosetodosoislesscommon.TheideatoopenabakeryemergedwhenZhenglearnedfromasilentfriendinabakingcourseaboutthedifficultiestheyfaceinjobhunting.Shebegantowonderwhatshecoulddoforthem,untilshegotinspirationfromthesuccessofabakeryinChangsha,whichisrunbyaGermancouplethathiressilentpeople.“IdecidedthatIwouldalsoopenabakeryliketheirstohelpsomesilentpeopleinneed,”toldZheng.“Andthat’swhyInamedit‘SilentBreadTree’.Hopefullythejobsprovidedherecanhelpthesilentpeoplefeedthemselves,justlikebreadtreesfeedpeoplewiththeirbread-likefruit,”Zhengadded.Thebakeryhas16employees,sixofwhomarehearingandspeech-impaired.Theprinciplehereistotreatallstaffsinthesamewaywhereverpossible,andavoidsignsindicatingwhichstaffmembersaredifferent.“Whenweaskedwhethertoputthewords‘Patmeifyouneedhelp’onthebackoftheiruniform,oursilentstaffssaid‘No’.ThatwaswhenIrealizedthattheyjustdon’twantotherstoknowthey’redifferent,”Zhengrecalled.Althoughknowingwhatshecoulddoforthesilentcommunityisverylimited,Zhengsaidtheeffortsthesilentstaffshavemadetokeepthebakeryrunningkeepinspiringhertodoevenmore.Foreveryproductsold,thebakerydonates0.01yuantohelpprovideartificialcochleaimplants(人工耳蝸)tothehearingandspeech-impairedchildreninruralareas.“Ifhearing-impairedchildrencouldhaveartificialcochleaeimplantsatanearlyage,theirlivescouldbecompletelytransformed.Theywouldbeabletolivelikepeoplewithnodifficultiesinhearing,”saidZheng.4.WhydidZhengopenthebakery?A.Toofferthesilentpeoplejobs.B.Tomakeherdreamcometrue.C.Toturnherhobbyintoacareer.D.TolearnfromtheGermancouple.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thestoryaboutthebreadtree.B.Themeaningofthebakeryname.C.Zheng’sexpectationofthefuture.D.Zheng’ssatisfactionwithherstore.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesilentstaffsfromparagraph4?A.Theyvalueequaltreatment.B.Theyenjoygreatsocialrespect.C.Theyconsidercustomersdisturbing.D.Theyhavepoorcommunicationskills.7.WhichwordbestdescribesZheng?A.Confident.B.Optimistic.C.Broad-minded.D.Kind-hearted.〖答案〗4.A5.B6.A7.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了鄭曉燕（音譯）——“無聲面包樹”的創(chuàng)始人為了幫助一些沉默的人養(yǎng)活自己，創(chuàng)建了該面包店品牌的事跡?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段““Andthat’swhyInamedit‘SilentBreadTree’.Hopefullythejobsprovidedherecanhelpthesilentpeoplefeedthemselves,justlikebreadtreesfeedpeoplewiththeirbread-likefruit,”Zhengadded.(“這就是為什么我把它命名為‘無聲面包樹’。希望這里提供的工作可以幫助這些沉默的人養(yǎng)活自己，就像面包樹用面包樣的果實養(yǎng)活人們一樣?！编嵮a充說)”可知，鄭女士開面包店是為了給沉默的人提供工作。故選A?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段““Andthat’swhyInamedit‘SilentBreadTree’.Hopefullythejobsprovidedherecanhelpthesilentpeoplefeedthemselves,justlikebreadtreesfeedpeoplewiththeirbread-likefruit,”Zhengadded.(“這就是為什么我把它命名為‘無聲面包樹’。希望這里提供的工作可以幫助這些沉默的人養(yǎng)活自己，就像面包樹用面包樣的果實養(yǎng)活人們一樣。”鄭補充說)”可知，該段說明了面包店名稱的含義。故選B。【6題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theprinciplehereistotreatallstaffsinthesamewaywhereverpossible,andavoidsignsindicatingwhichstaffmembersaredifferent.“Whenweaskedwhethertoputthewords‘Patmeifyouneedhelp’onthebackoftheiruniform,oursilentstaffssaid‘No’.ThatwaswhenIrealizedthattheyjustdon’twantotherstoknowthey’redifferent,”Zhengrecalled.(這里的原則是盡可能以同樣的方式對待所有員工，并避免顯示哪些員工是不同的?！爱斘覀儐査麄兪欠褚谥品趁嬗∩稀绻阈枰獛椭团呐奈摇淖謽訒r，我們沉默的工作人員說‘不’。那時我才意識到，她們只是不想讓別人知道自己與眾不同?！编嵒叵氲?”可知，沉默的員工重視平等待遇。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Foreveryproductsold,thebakerydonates0.01yuantohelpprovideartificialcochleaimplantstothehearingandspeech-impairedchildreninruralareas.(每賣出一件產(chǎn)品，面包店就捐贈0.01元，幫助農(nóng)村地區(qū)的聽力和言語障礙兒童植入人工耳蝸)”及最后一段““Ifhearing-impairedchildrencouldhaveartificialcochleaeimplantsatanearlyage,theirlivescouldbecompletelytransformed.Theywouldbeabletolivelikepeoplewithnodifficultiesinhearing,”saidZheng.(“如果聽障兒童能夠在很小的時候植入人工耳蝸，他們的生活可能會徹底改變。他們將能夠像沒有聽力障礙的人一樣生活?！编嵳f)”可知，鄭女士是好心腸的，不僅創(chuàng)立了面包店幫助沉默的人找工作，也幫助有需要的聽力障礙兒童。故選D。CFormanyyearsresearchersfocusedonwhatpeopleknowaboutscience,thinkingthat“Toknowscienceistoloveit.”Butdopeoplewhothinktheyknowscienceactuallyknowscience?AnewstudyledbyCristinaFonsecaoftheGeneticsSociety,LaurenceHurstoftheMilnerCentreforEvolution(進化)revealsthatpeoplewithstrongattitudestendtobelievetheyunderstandscience,whileneutrals(中立者)arelesscertain.Absoluteattitudes,bothforandagainst,buildonhighself-confidenceinknowledgeaboutscience.Thestudyperformedasurveyofover2,000UKadults,askingthembothabouttheirattitudestoscienceandtheirbeliefintheirownunderstanding.Questionsfocusedongenetic(基因的)science,forexample,“HowwouldyourateyourunderstandingofwhatthetermDNAmeans?”Allindividualswerescoredfromzero(theyknowtheyhavenounderstanding)toone(theyareconfidentthattheyunderstand).Theresultssuggestthatthoseattheattitudinalextremes—bothstronglysupportiveandfirmlyopposing—haveveryhighself-beliefintheirowncomprehension,whilethoseansweringneutrallydonot.Psychologically,theteamsuggests,thismakessense:toholdastrongopinionyouneedtostronglybelieveinthecorrectnessofyourinterpretationofthebasicfacts.Resultsofpreviousstudiesalsoindicatethatthosemoreacceptingofsciencebothbelievetheyunderstanditandscorewellonthetextbookfact(true/false)questions.Bycontrast,peoplewithstrongnegativeattitudestosciencetendtobeoverconfidentabouttheirlevelofunderstanding.WhetheritbeclimatechangeorGMfoods,importantsciencecaninspirestrongandopposingattitudes.Understandinghowtocommunicatesciencerequiresanawarenessofwhypeoplemayholdsuchdifferentattitudestoit.Whenitwasthoughtthatwhatmatteredmostforscientificliteracywasscientificknowledge,sciencecommunicationfocusedonpassinginformationfromscientiststothepublic.However,thisapproachmaynotbesuccessful,andinsomecasescanhaveadverseeffects.Workingtoaddressthegapbetweenwhatpeopleknowandwhattheybelievetheyknowmaybeabetterstrategy.8.Whatisthenewstudymainlyabout?A.Anassessmentofpeople’sinterestingenetics.B.Asurveyofvariousattitudestowardsevolution.C.Areportofpeople’sgeneralknowledgeofscience.D.Ananalysisoffactorsonpeople’sbeliefinscience.9.Whydoestheauthormentionpreviousstudiesinparagraph3?A.Tosupportthefindingsofthestudy.B.Toclarifytheconceptofconfidence.C.Tostresstheimportanceofbasicfacts.D.Tocomparedifferentresearchmethods.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adverse”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Random.B.Negative.C.Indirect.D.Favorable.11.Asforsciencecommunication,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?A.Itshouldhelppeopleboostconfidence.B.Itshouldfocusonscientificknowledge.C.Itshouldinspirepeopletoscorewellintests.D.Itshouldemphasizeobjectiveawarenessofoneself.〖答案〗8.D9.A10.B11.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文，本文圍繞人們對于科學信仰展開，一項研究表明，態(tài)度強硬的人傾向于認為自己了解科學，而態(tài)度中立的人對此不太確定。絕對的態(tài)度建立在對科學知識的高度自信之上。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thestudyperformedasurveyofover2,000UKadults,askingthembothabouttheirattitudestoscienceandtheirbeliefintheirownunderstanding.(這項研究對2000多名英國成年人進行了調(diào)查，詢問他們對科學的態(tài)度和對自己理解的信念)”可知，該研究主要以影響人們科學信仰的因素分析展開。故選D。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Psychologically,theteamsuggests,thismakessense:toholdastrongopinionyouneedtostronglybelieveinthecorrectnessofyourinterpretationofthebasicfacts.Resultsofpreviousstudiesalsoindicatethatthosemoreacceptingofsciencebothbelievetheyunderstanditandscorewellonthetextbookfact(true/false)questions.(該團隊認為，從心理學上講，這是有道理的：要持有強烈的觀點，你需要堅信自己對基本事實的解釋是正確的。之前的研究結(jié)果也表明，那些更接受科學的人認為他們理解它，并在教科書的事實（正確/錯誤）問題上獲得高分)”可知，作者提及之前的研究是為了支持這項研究的結(jié)果，即，那些態(tài)度極端的人——包括強烈支持和堅決反對——對自己的理解有很高的自信。故選A?！?0題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“However,thisapproachmaynotbesuccessful(然而，這種方法可能不會成功)”及“andinsomecasescanhave(在一些情況下可能有)”及“effects(影響)”可知，這種方法不會成功，甚至在一些情況下會有更消極的影響，劃線詞adverse和negative意思相近。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Workingtoaddressthegapbetweenwhatpeopleknowandwhattheybelievetheyknowmaybeabetterstrategy.(努力解決人們知道的和他們認為他們知道的之間的差距可能是一個更好的策略)”可知，作者認為在科學傳播上，應(yīng)努力解決人們主觀上和客觀的認知差距，即，應(yīng)強調(diào)客觀的自我意識。故選D。DWhetherplayingtricksorholdingfuneralsinthewild,crowshavesurprisedthepublicwiththeirunexpectedcapabilities.Buttheir“intelligence”knowsnobounds.AnewstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyrevealedforthefirsttimethatcrowscanusestatisticallogictosolveproblems.Crowshavealargebrainfortheirsizeandaparticularlynoticeableforebrain,associatedwithstatisticalandanalyticalreasoninginhumans.“Inourlab,crowshaveshowncomplicatednumericalcompetenceandcarefulconsiderationduringdecision-making,”saidDr.MelissaJohnston,afellowattheUniversityofTübingen.Inherrecentwork,Johnstonandherteampushedtheseabilitiestoanewextreme,testingstatisticalreasoning.Intheexperiment,twocrowswerefirsttrainedtopeck(啄)atvariousimagesontouchscreenstoearnfoodtreats;andgraduallytheyhadtochoosebetweentwooftheseimages,eachcorrespondingtoadifferentrewardprobability.“Crowsweretaskedwithlearningratherabstractquantitiesandthenapplyingthatcombinationofinformationinarewardmaximizingway,”Johnstondetailed.Over10daysoftrainingand5,000trials,thetwocrowsmanagedtopickthehigherprobabilityofreward,showingtheirabilitytousestatisticalinference.Toresearchers’muchsurprise,evenafteramonthwithouttraining,thecrowsstillperformwelleverytime.Statisticalreasoninginvolvesusinglimitedinformationaboutasituationtodrawconclusionsandmakedecisions.Peopleunknowinglyusesuchcognitiveabilityeveryday.Whenweselectcafesforsocialmeetups,ourbrainsautomaticallyweighcollectedstatisticsfrompastobservationsandfavortheonemorecapableofmeetingneeds.Similarly,crowsrememberedandanalyzedtheconnectionsbetweentheimagesandtherewardprobabilitiestomakethemselvesgetthemosttreatspossible.Crowsoncesymbolizedmisfortuneanddeath,causingthemdislikedevenkilledbypeople.Actually,theyareamongthefewanimalstoadapttourbanizationsuccessfullyduetounderestimatedintelligence.“Ithinkthesestudiesdohelpchangepublicviewsandimproveourrelationshipwiththeselovelyanimals,”Johnstonstated.12.Whatmakescrows’intelligencepossible?A.Theirlimitlessabilitiesoftricks.B.Theirsocialleaninginthewild.C.Theirphysicalstructureofbrains.D.Theirtrainingreceivedinthelab.13.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheresearchprocessinparagraph3?A.Instruct,task,andretest.B.Train,perform,andrecord.C.Assume,prove,andreflect.D.Prepare,teach,andexamine.14.Howdoestheauthorexplainstatisticalinferenceinparagraph4?A.Bysharingapersonalexperience.B.Byquotingapreviousstudy.C.Bymakingadetailedcomparison.D.Byusingacommonexample.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FoodPrizeCompetition:CrowsChoosingRewardsB.UrbanBirdSurvivalStrategies:LivingwithPeopleC.BeyondTricks:SurpriseofCrows’StatisticalReasoningD.AnimalBehaviorStudy:TrainingCrowsinExperiments〖答案〗12.C13.A14.D15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了烏鴉的高級智力，特別是它們在實驗中展示的統(tǒng)計推理能力?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Crowshavealargebrainfortheirsizeandaparticularlynoticeableforebrain,associatedwithstatisticalandanalyticalreasoninginhumans.(就其體型而言，烏鴉的大腦很大，前腦特別明顯，與人類的統(tǒng)計和分析推理有關(guān)。)”可知，烏鴉的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)，特別是前腦，使得它們具備統(tǒng)計和分析推理的能力。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Intheexperiment,twocrowswerefirsttrainedtopeck(啄)atvariousimagesontouchscreenstoearnfoodtreats;andgraduallytheyhadtochoosebetweentwooftheseimages,eachcorrespondingtoadifferentrewardprobability.“Crowsweretaskedwithlearningratherabstractquantitiesandthenapplyingthatcombinationofinformationinarewardmaximizingway,”Johnstondetailed.

Over10daysoftrainingand5,000trials,thetwocrowsmanagedtopickthehigherprobabilityofreward,showingtheirabilitytousestatisticalinference.Toresearchers’muchsurprise,evenafteramonthwithouttraining,thecrowsstillperformwelleverytime.(在實驗中，首先訓練兩只烏鴉啄觸摸屏上的各種圖像，以獲得食物；漸漸地，他們不得不在這兩幅圖像中做出選擇，每幅圖像都對應(yīng)著不同的獎勵概率。約翰斯頓詳細介紹說：“烏鴉的任務(wù)是學習相當抽象的量，然后以獎勵最大化的方式應(yīng)用這些信息組合。”。經(jīng)過10天的訓練和5000次試驗，兩只烏鴉設(shè)法選擇了更高的獎勵概率，顯示了它們使用統(tǒng)計推斷的能力。令研究人員驚訝的是，即使在一個月沒有訓練的情況下，烏鴉每次都表現(xiàn)得很好。)”可推知，在實驗中，研究人員首先指導烏鴉識別觸摸屏上的圖像，然后布置任務(wù)，讓烏鴉在不同的圖像之間做出選擇，然后重新測試，發(fā)現(xiàn)即使一個月沒有訓練，烏鴉仍然能夠表現(xiàn)得很好。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段的“Whenweselectcafesforsocialmeetups,ourbrainsautomaticallyweighcollectedstatisticsfrompastobservationsandfavortheonemorecapableofmeetingneeds.(當我們?yōu)樯缃痪蹠x擇咖啡館時，我們的大腦會自動權(quán)衡從過去的觀察中收集到的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，并傾向于更能滿足需求的咖啡館。)”可推知，作者通過一個常見的例子來解釋統(tǒng)計推理。故選D?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Whetherplayingtricksorholdingfuneralsinthewild,crowshavesurprisedthepublicwiththeirunexpectedcapabilities.Buttheir“intelligence”knowsnobounds.AnewstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyrevealedforthefirsttimethatcrowscanusestatisticallogictosolveproblems.(無論是惡作劇還是在野外舉行葬禮，烏鴉都以其意想不到的能力讓公眾感到驚訝。但他們的“智慧”是無限的。發(fā)表在《當代生物學》上的一項新研究首次揭示，烏鴉可以使用統(tǒng)計邏輯來解決問題。)”可知，文章主要介紹了烏鴉不僅能在野外玩把戲，還能通過統(tǒng)計推理解決問題，這超出了人們對它們智力的預期。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thisissomethingthatallofushavenoticedcountlesstimesinourdailylives.Whetheryou’retryingtoreadthefineprintinacommercialortryingtomakeoutaperson’sfacefromadistance—italwayshelpstoseebetterwhenyousquint(瞇起)youreyes.____16____There’sacommonassumptionthatyou’readdingmuchstresstoyoureyeballsbysqueezingthemtomakethemworkbetter.____17____Ifyouthinkforawhile,you’llfindsquintingisadifferentmatter.Ifsquintingmeantmakingyoureyesbecomestressballs,we’dallbeinalotoftrouble.____18____Whenlighthitsanobject,itbouncesoffitssurfaceandentersoureyes.Thelighttravelsthroughtheeyelens(晶狀體).Thelensthenfocusesthelightrays,whichfallontheretina(視網(wǎng)膜).Achemicalpresentintheretinaturnslightintoelectricsignals,whicharethentransmittedtothebrain.Thebrainprocessesthesignalsandultimatelyallowsustoseestuff.Theactofsquinting,quiteobviously,alterstheshapeofthespacethroughwhichlightpasses,whichhelpsusformaclearimageontheretina.What’smore,lightfromdifferentdirectionsentersandissubsequentlyperceivedbytheeye.____19____However,whenyou’retryingtofocusonsomething,ifthere’slightenteringfrommultipledirections,thelenswillbeoverloaded.Bysquinting,focusinglightraysbecomesmoreprecise.Squintingdoesnotdamageyoureyesight.____20____It’sonethingtooccasionallysquintinordertomakeoutsomethingfaraway.Butifyoufindyourselfdoingitallthetime,gettingyoureyestestedshouldbeyourfocus.A.Actually,that’snotexactlythecase.B.Hasiteveroccurredtoyouwhythishappens?C.Squintingdoestwomajorthingstoimproveourvision.D.However,doingitforlongperiodsoftimecanleadtodryeyes.E.Normally,thisisagreatthing,asitfeedsyoursituationalawareness.F.Anumberofbiologicalcomponentsactuallyconstitutethehumaneye.G.Beforerevealingthesecretbehindit,let’slearnabouthowweseethings.〖答案〗16.B17.A18.G19.E20.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文解釋了為什么瞇眼可以幫助我們看得更清楚，并澄清了瞇眼不會損害視力的誤解。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thisissomethingthatallofushavenoticedcountlesstimesinourdailylives.Whetheryou’retryingtoreadthefineprintinacommercialortryingtomakeoutaperson’sfacefromadistance—italwayshelpstoseebetterwhenyousquint(瞇起)youreyes.(這是我們所有人在日常生活中無數(shù)次注意到的事情。無論你是想閱讀商業(yè)廣告上的小字，還是想從遠處辨認一個人的臉——瞇著眼睛總是有助于看得更清楚。)”可知，上文引出瞇眼可以幫助我們看得更清楚這一話題，由下文“There’sacommonassumptionthatyou’readdingmuchstresstoyoureyeballsbysqueezingthemtomakethemworkbetter.(有一種普遍的假設(shè)是，你擠壓眼球是為了讓它們更好地工作，從而給眼球增加了很大的壓力。)”可知，下文解釋了為什么瞇眼可以幫助我們看得更清楚，故本空應(yīng)提問為什么瞇眼可以幫助我們看得更清楚，B選項“Hasiteveroccurredtoyouwhythishappens?(你有沒有想過為什么會這樣？)”能承上啟下，符合語境。故選B?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“There’sacommonassumptionthatyou’readdingmuchstresstoyoureyeballsbysqueezingthemtomakethemworkbetter.(有一種普遍的假設(shè)是，你擠壓眼球是為了讓它們更好地工作，從而給眼球增加了很大的壓力。)”和下文“Ifyouthinkforawhile,you’llfindsquintingisadifferentmatter.Ifsquintingmeantmakingyoureyesbecomestressballs,we’dallbeinalotoftrouble.(如果你仔細想想，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)瞇眼是另一回事。如果瞇著眼睛意味著讓你的眼睛變成壓力球，那我們就有大麻煩了。)”可知，本空應(yīng)是對上文認知的懷疑，故選項A“Actually,that’snotexactlythecase.(實際上，情況并非如此。)”能承上啟下，符合語境。故選A?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Whenlighthitsanobject,itbouncesoffitssurfaceandentersoureyes.(當光線照射到物體上時，它會從物體表面反彈，進入我們的眼睛。)”可知，下文解釋了人眼看見東西的原理，本空應(yīng)引出這一原理，G選項“Beforerevealingthesecretbehindit,let’slearnabouthowweseethings.(在揭示其背后的秘密之前，讓我們了解一下我們是如何看東西的。)”能引出下文，符合語境。故選G?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“What’smore,lightfromdifferentdirectionsentersandissubsequentlyperceivedbytheeye.(更重要的是，來自不同方向的光進入并隨后被眼睛感知。)”可知，本空應(yīng)談?wù)摴獗谎劬Ω兄慕Y(jié)果，E選項“Normally,thisisagreatthing,asitfeedsyoursituationalawareness.(通常，這是件好事，因為它增強了你的情境意識。)”能承接上文，符合語境。故選E。【20題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Squintingdoesnotdamageyoureyesight.(瞇眼不會損害你的視力。)”和后文“Butifyoufindyourselfdoingitallthetime,gettingyoureyestestedshouldbeyourfocus.(偶爾瞇著眼看清遠處的東西是一回事。但如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己總是這樣做，那么檢查你的眼睛應(yīng)該是你的重點。)”可知，上文說瞇眼不會損害你的視力，下文又說檢查你的眼睛，上下文存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，D選項“However,doingitforlongperiodsoftimecanleadtodryeyes.(然而，長時間這樣做會導致眼睛干澀。)”能承上啟下，符合語境。故選D。第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IrememberamomentwhenIfeltlikeeverythingwasfallingapart.Atfifteenyearsold,Ifoundmyselfinahospitalbed,unableto___21___.Itwasaresultofanaccidentduringafishingtripwithafriend.My___22___ofbecominganathletewasbrokenalongwithmybackbone.Ipushedawaymylovedonesandstruggledto___23___mynewreality.Returninghome,Ifacedthechallengeofgettingaroundinawheelchair.Atfirst,Iletmy___24___getintheway,refusingtoaskforhelpevenwhenit___25___missingoutonexperiencesIenjoyed.Ilaterrealizedthataccepting___26___fromotherswasnotasignofweaknessbutanecessarysteptowards___27___myindependenceandhappiness.AturningpointcamewhenImetafriendwho___28___metotrywheelchairsports.I___29___intabletennisandparticipatedintheWheelchairGamesinMontreal,whereIwitnessedtheincredible____30____oftheathletes.Oneincidentthathighlightedthedailyobstaclesfacedby____31____peopleoccurredwhenIencounteredagirlstrugglingtojogupahill.Ididn’tletherstrugglesdiscourageme.____32____,Iusedhumortoovercomethesituationandchallengenegative____33____.Lookingback,Irealizethatthe____34____wasnottheendofmylifebutthebeginningofanincredibleone.Iam____35____forthesupportthathavecomemyway.AsIcontinuetoworktowardsmakingadifference,Ibelievethatmybestdayisyettocome.21.A.breathe B.live C.think D.move22.A.memory B.dream C.promise D.mission23.A.relyon B.turndown C.adjustto D.figureout24.A.regret B.pride C.desire D.envy25.A.meant B.required C.allowed D.deserved26.A.sympathy B.instruction C.praise D.assistance27.A.transforming B.rewarding C.regaining D.sacrificing28.A.motivated B.offered C.expected D.requested29.A.volunteered B.excelled C.improved D.struggled30.A.patience B.integrity C.courage D.endurance31.A.super B.normal C.disabled D.talented32.A.Rather B.Moreover C.Therefore D.However33.A.actions B.attitudes C.outcomes D.approaches34.A.adventure B.conflict C.accident D.obstacle35.A.honored B.admired C.hopeful D.grateful〖答案〗21.D22.B23.C24.B25.A26.D27.C28.A29.B30.D31.C32.A33.B34.C35.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了作者在一次意外事故后成為了殘疾人，從開始的不接受幫助到后來重新獲得獨立和幸福的故事。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：十五歲的時候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在醫(yī)院的病床上，動彈不得。A.breathe呼吸；B.live居??；C.think想，思考；D.move移動。根據(jù)下文“Itwasaresultofanaccidentduringafishingtripwithafriend.”可知，作者經(jīng)歷了事故，所以住院了，躺在床上動彈不得。故選D項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想成為一名運動員的夢想隨著我的脊梁一起破滅了。A.memory記憶力；B.dream夢想；C.promise承諾；D.mission任務(wù)。根據(jù)“ofbecominganathlete”可知，成為運動員是作者的夢想。故選B項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我推開了我愛的人，努力適應(yīng)我新的現(xiàn)實。A.relyon依靠；B.turndown拒絕；C.adjustto調(diào)整，適應(yīng)；D.figureout搞清楚。根據(jù)“Ipushedawaymylovedones”及“mynewreality”可知，作者遭遇了變故，需要調(diào)整適應(yīng)新的現(xiàn)實。故選C項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，我讓我的自尊心阻礙了我，拒絕尋求幫助，即使這意味著我錯過了我喜歡的經(jīng)歷。A.regret后悔；B.pride驕傲，自尊；C.desire渴望；D.envy嫉妒。根據(jù)“refusingtoaskforhelp”可知，作者的自尊心阻礙自己尋求別人的幫助。故選B項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，我讓我的自尊心阻礙了我，拒絕尋求幫助，即使這意味著我錯過了我喜歡的經(jīng)歷。A.meant意味著；B.required需要；C.allowed允許；D.deserved值得。根據(jù)“refusingtoaskforhelp”及“missingoutonexperiencesIenjoyed”可知，即使作者會錯過喜歡的經(jīng)歷，也會拒絕別人的幫助。it指代接受別人的幫助，這意味著有時候會失去很好的經(jīng)歷。故選A項?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來我意識到，接受別人的幫助并不是軟弱的表現(xiàn)，而是重新獲得獨立和幸福的必要步驟。A.sympathy同情心；B.instruction指南；C.praise贊揚；D.assistance幫助，援助。根據(jù)“fromotherswasnotasignofweaknessbutanecessarystep”及“accepting”可知，后來作者意識到，想要獲得獨立和幸福，就應(yīng)該接受幫助。故選D項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：后來我意識到，接受別人的幫助并不是軟弱的表現(xiàn)，而是重新獲得獨立和幸福的必要步驟。A.transforming改變；B.rewarding獎勵；C.regaining重新獲得；D.sacrificing犧牲。根據(jù)前文“ofbecominganathletewasbrokenalongwithmybackbone.”可知，作者之前失去了信心，后來意識到，接受別人的幫助是重新獲得獨立和幸福的必要步驟。故選C項。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我遇到一個鼓勵我嘗試輪椅運動的朋友時，一個轉(zhuǎn)折點出現(xiàn)了。A.motivated激勵，激發(fā)；B.offered提供；C.expected期待；D.requested要求。根據(jù)“Imetafriend”及“metotrywheelchairsports”可知，作者遇到了一個激勵自己嘗試輪椅運動的朋友。故選A項?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我擅長乒乓球，參加了蒙特利爾的輪椅運動會，在那里我見證了運動員們不可思議的耐力。A.volunteered志愿；B.excelled超過，擅長；C.improved提高；D.struggled掙扎，奮斗。根據(jù)“intabletennisandparticipatedintheWheelchairGamesinMontreal”可知，作者參加了比賽，擅長乒乓球運動。故選B項?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我擅長乒乓球，參加了蒙特利爾的輪椅運動會，在那里我見證了運動員們不可思議的耐力。A.patience耐心；B.integrity正直，誠實；C.courage勇氣；D.endurance持久力，忍耐力。根據(jù)“Iwitnessedtheincredible”及“oftheathletes”并結(jié)合常識可知，在運動場上，作者見識了運動員的不可思議的耐力。故選D項?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有一件事突顯了殘疾人每天面臨的障礙，我遇到了一個女孩，她正在努力地慢跑上山。A.super超級的；B.normal正常的；C.disabled殘疾的；D.talented有天賦的。根據(jù)上文“totrywheelchairsports”可知，作者坐著輪椅，所以是遇到了殘疾人每天面臨的障礙。故選C項。【32題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，我用幽默來克服困境，挑戰(zhàn)消極的態(tài)度。A.Rather相反；B.Moreover此外；C.Therefore因此；D.However然而。根據(jù)“Ididn’tletherstrugglesdiscourageme.”及“Iusedhumortoovercomethesituation”可知，女孩的掙扎并沒有使作者泄氣，相反，他用幽默來克服困境。故選A項?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，我用幽默來克服困境，挑戰(zhàn)消極的態(tài)度。A.actions行動；B.attitudes態(tài)度；C.outcomes結(jié)果；D.approaches方法。根據(jù)“overcomethesituationandchallengenegative”可知，作者用幽默來克服困境，挑戰(zhàn)消極的態(tài)度。故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回首往事，我意識到這場事故并不是我生命的結(jié)束，而是一個不可思議的開始。A.adventure冒險；B.conflict沖突；C.accident事故；D.obstacle障礙。根據(jù)“wasnottheendofmylifebutthebeginningofanincredibleone”可知，作者之前遇到了意外事故，但是卻讓作者重新認識了自己，重新開始自己的生活。故選C項?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我對我所獲得的支持充滿感激。A.honored榮幸的，受尊敬的；B.admired被贊美的；被欽佩的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.grateful感激的。根據(jù)“forthesupportthathavecomemyway”可知，作者對別人給予過的支持充滿了感激。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OpenAIreleaseditsfirstlarge-scaletext-to-videomodelSoraonFriday,February16.Itcangenerateone-minute-longhigh-definitionvideosbasedonuserinputinspires.___36___itsfunctionsarenotnewtoartificialintelligencemodels,Sorahasmadeamajorstepforward.OpenAIclaimedin___37___newsrelease