2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)UNIT3FOODANDCULTURESectionⅠReadingandThinking檢測(cè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

PAGEPAGE8ReadingandThinkingⅠ.閱讀理解ATreesareusefultomaninthreeimportantways：theygivehimwoodandotherusefulthings,theygivehimcoolplaces,andtheyhelptostopdroughtandflood.Unluckily,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotfoundthatthethirdofthesepointsisthemostimportant.Manwantstomakemoneyfromtrees,sohehascutthemdowninlargenumbers,onlytofindthatwithoutthemhehaslostthebestfriendshehad.Andalso,heisusuallytoocarelesstoplantandlookafternewtrees.Sotheforestsslowlydisappear.Thisdoesnotonlymeanthatmanwillhavefewertrees.Theresultsareevenworse：forwheretherearetrees,theirrootsbreakupsoil—maketherainin—andalsobindthesoil,thusstoppingitfrombeingwashedawayeasily;butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgroundandflowsaway,causingfloodsandcarryingawaytherichtopsoil.Whenallthetopsoilisgone,nothingisleftbutuselessdesert.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了樹對(duì)人類的作用特別大，可以給人類供應(yīng)木材、供應(yīng)陰涼，還可以幫助阻擋干旱和洪水。但實(shí)際狀況是許多人砍掉了許多樹木，破壞了植被，引起了生態(tài)危機(jī)。1．Themostimportantpointsoftreestomanisthat．A．theyhelphimtostopdroughtandfloodB．theyhelphimtomakemoneyC．theygivehimcoolplacesD．theygivehimwoodandotherthings解析：選A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容及其次段中的Unluckily,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotfoundthatthethirdofthesepointsisthemostimportant.可知樹木的第三個(gè)用途stopdroughtandflood最重要，故A項(xiàng)正確。2．Inmanyplacesforestsslowlydisappearbecause．A．manytreeshavebeencutdownbymanB．newtreesarenotwelllookedafterC．manhasnotpaidenoughattentiontoplantingtreesD．a(chǎn)lltheabove解析：選D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的Manwantstomakemoneyfromtrees,sohehascutthemdowninlargenumbers,onlytofindthatwithoutthemhehaslostthebestfriendshehad.Andalso,heisusuallytoocarelesstoplantandlookafternewtrees.Sotheforestsslowlydisappear.可知A、B、C三項(xiàng)都是樹林消逝的緣由。故D項(xiàng)正確。3．Landbecomesdesertafteralltreesarecutdownbecause．A．rootsoftreesbreakupthesoilB．therearetoomanyrainfallsC．strongwindsbringalotofsandD．therearenolongertreestokeeptherainandprotectthetopsoil.解析：選D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的Theresultsareevenworse：forwheretherearetrees,...soil,thusstoppingitfrombeingwashedawayeasily;butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgroundandflowsaway,causingfloodsandcarryingawaytherichtopsoil.Whenallthetopsoilisgone,nothingisleftbutuselessdesert.可知，當(dāng)樹被砍掉以后，再也沒有樹來愛護(hù)水土了，導(dǎo)致土地變成了荒漠。故D項(xiàng)正確。4．Whichtitlebestfitsthepassage?A．TreesandManB．TheFunctionofTreeWoodC．HowdoPeopledowithTrees?D．TheUsageofTreeRoots解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。本文介紹了樹對(duì)人類的作用特別大，可以給人類供應(yīng)木材、供應(yīng)陰涼，還可以幫助阻擋干旱和洪水。但實(shí)際狀況是許多人砍掉了許多樹木，破壞了植被，引起了生態(tài)危機(jī)。所以本文主要講解并描述的是樹和人類的關(guān)系，A項(xiàng)作標(biāo)題最能概括本文內(nèi)容，故A項(xiàng)正確。BOrganicfoodisverypopular.Itisalsoexpensive.Someorganicfoodcoststwiceasmuchasnon-organicfood,butnewparentsandpetownersarewillingtopayupto200%morefororganicfood.However,therearepeoplewhothinkitisawasteofmoney.Thereisonemaindifferencebetweenorganicandnon-organicfood.Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicals,suchaspesticides.Inmanycountriesorganicfoodshavespeciallabels.Theseguaranteethattheproductsarenatural.Somepeoplethinkorganicmeanslocallygrown.Originallythiswastrue.Overtimeorganicfarmingbecamemoredifficult.Thedemandfororganicfoodgrewlargerthanthesupply.Smallcompanieshadtosellouttolargecompanies.Thereweren'tenoughorganicingredients,suchasgrainandcattle.Thismadeitdifficultformanyorganiccompaniestostayinbusiness.Today,manylargecompanieshaveanorganiclineofproducts.Isorganicfoodmorenutritious?Thisispartofthedebate.Manyfarmersandconsumersbelieveitis.Theythinkagriculturalchemicalscausehealthproblemssuchascancer.Manyhealthprofessionalsdisagree.Fewstudiesprovethatorganicfoodspreventhealthproblems.Healthspecialistsworrymoreaboutbacteria,suchasE．coliandsalmonella.Thesecangetintocontactwithorganicandnon-organicfood.Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.Handlingmeatcarefullyisimportant,too.Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.Istastierfoodworththeextramoney?Thisisamatterofopinion.Whetheritishealthierornotmayrequiremoreresearch.However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章將有機(jī)食品和非有機(jī)食品進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，并且就有機(jī)食品的種植、養(yǎng)分價(jià)值和味道等狀況進(jìn)行了說明。5．Whatisprobablythemajorconcernoforganicfoodconsumers?A．Price. B．Safety.C．Freshness. D．Variety.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicals,suchaspesticides.可知有機(jī)農(nóng)場(chǎng)不運(yùn)用殺蟲劑等農(nóng)藥。最終一段中的However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry.也指出，有機(jī)食品消費(fèi)者認(rèn)為，平安總比懊悔好。由此可推知，有機(jī)食品消費(fèi)者最關(guān)切的可能是平安。故選B。6．Whatisthedoctors'suggestion?A．Growyourownfood.B．Reducetheuseofpesticides.C．Makesurethefoodisclean.D．Buylargecompanies'products.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.Handlingmeatcarefullyisimportant,too.可知醫(yī)生建議細(xì)致清洗農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，當(dāng)心處理肉類也很重要。由此可知，醫(yī)生的建議是確保食物干凈。故選C。7．Whichofthefollowingdomostpeopleagreeonorganicfood?A．Ittastesbetter. B．Itiseasiertogrow.C．Itcontainsmorefat. D．Itismorenutritious.解析：選A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.可知大多數(shù)人同意自然生長(zhǎng)的食物味道更好。由此可知，大多數(shù)人同意有機(jī)食品嘗道更好。故選A。8．Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Arecipebook. B．Achemistrypaper.C．Amedicalreport. D．Ahealthmagazine.解析：選D文章出處題。文章將有機(jī)食品和非有機(jī)食品進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，并且就有機(jī)食品的種植、養(yǎng)分價(jià)值和味道等狀況進(jìn)行了說明。由此可知本文屬于飲食健康類文章，因此，這篇文章可能來自健康雜志。故選D。CThecoloroffoodmightaffectjusthowmuchyouwanttoeatthem，butwhataboutthebirdsinyourneighborhood？Wouldtheycarewhatcolortheirfoodis？Trythisoutforasciencefairproject,orjusttolearnsomethingnewwhilemakingyourlocalbirdshappy.Beginthisexperimentwiththequestion“Whatcolorofbirdseed(鳥食),ifany，willbirdslikethemost？”，andthenmakeahypothesis(假設(shè))basedonyourquestion.Anexamplemightbe“Birdswilleatmoregreenbirdseedthanothercolorsofbirdseed.”Youshouldgetseveralbirdfeeders.Purchasebirdseedthatisverylightincolor.Tocolorthebirdseed,pouritintoabowlandthenaddfoodcoloringthatyoucanpurchasefromthestore.Mixthemupwellwithaspoonandcontinuetoaddcoloringuntilalltheseediscolored.Youshouldsampleatleastafewcolorsandhaveonefeederwithseedthathasnotbeencolored—thisiscalledthecontrolanditwillgiveyousomethingtocompareyourresultsto.Nowjusthangthemupoutsideinthesamelocation,andwaitforyourfeatheredfriendstoshowup.Thisworksbestinanareawherebirdsareusedtofeedingfromafeeder—itcantakebirdsoveraweektofindnewfeeders.Observeyourbirdfeederswheneverpossible，andkeeptrackofhowmuchseedisineachbirdfeedereachday.Arulerishelpfulforthis.Youmightalsowanttotakepicturesofthefeedersandkeeptrackofwhatkindofbirdsvisiteachfeeder.Overtime，youshouldbeabletoseeifonecolorofseedgetseatenmorethanothers.Onceyourexperimentisdone，youwillbeabletogobacktoyourhypothesisandseeifitiscorrect.Remember,it'snotbadifyourhypothesiswaswrong.Themainthingisthatyou'velearnedsomethingfromyourexperiment，andhopefullyyouhadsomefundoingit.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了食物的顏色會(huì)影響人類的食欲，那鳥類是否也對(duì)食物的顏色有所選擇呢？作者建議讀者做試驗(yàn)來證明自己的觀點(diǎn)，并給出了試驗(yàn)的詳細(xì)步驟及其關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。9．What'sthepurposeofthisexperiment?A．Toseewhatcolorbirdslikemost.B．Tomakelocalbirdshappy.C．Toseeifthecoloroffoodaffectsbirds.D．Tofindhowlocalbirdsfeedthemselves.解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的Beginthisexperimentwiththequestion“Whatcolorofbirdseed(鳥食),ifany，willbirdslikethemost？”在起先這個(gè)試驗(yàn)時(shí)，先問個(gè)問題“什么顏色的鳥食，鳥類最喜愛？”可知，該試驗(yàn)的目的是查明鳥類是否會(huì)依據(jù)顏色選擇食物。10．What'sthesecondstepforthisexperiment?A．Observingbirdfeeders.B．Raisingaquestion.C．Collectingallthedata.D．Makingahypothesis.解析：選D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的thenmakeahypothesis(假設(shè))basedonyourquestion.可知試驗(yàn)的其次步是做假設(shè)。故選D。11．Theunderlinedwords“featheredfriends”inParagraph3referto．A.feeders B．birdsC．neighbors D．locals解析：選B詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段中的waitforyourfeatheredfriendstoshowup.Thisworksbestinanareawherebirdsareusedtofeedingfromafeeder.可知，畫線詞指的是鳥。12．Whatisthemostimportantaboutthebirdfeeders?A．Theyarefilledwithsomewater.B．Theyareplacedinsecretplaces.C．Theyarepaintedindifferentcolors.D．Theyareallthesamesizeandtype.解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的Youshouldgetseveralbirdfeeders...Youshouldsampleatleastafewcolorsandhaveonefeederwithseedthathasnotbeencolored—thisiscalledthecontrolanditwillgiveyousomethingtocompareyourresultsto.可知，試驗(yàn)是把裝有顏色的鳥食在鳥食槽內(nèi)的變更狀況與不染色的鳥食在鳥食槽的狀況做對(duì)比，要想比較就必需在鳥食槽相同的條件下才能得出哪種顏色的鳥食被吃的多，選項(xiàng)D(鳥食槽的大小和類型一樣)切題，故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Haveyoueverwonderedthatthefoodyoueateverydaycantellyouaboutwhereyoucomefrom?Haveyoueverwonderedwhypeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldeatdifferenttypesoffood?1Thereismoreofaconnectionbetweenfoodandculturethanyoumaythink.2Itbecomesapartofwhoweare.Manyassociatefoodsfromourchildhoodwithwarmfeelingsandgoodmemoriesandittiesustoourfamilies,holdingaspecialandpersonalvalueforus.Foodfromourfamilyoftenbecomesthecomfortweseekasadultsintimesoffrustrationandstress.Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.3Immigrantsbringitwherevertheygo,anditisasymbolofpridefortheircultureandmeansofcopingwithhomesickness.Manyimmigrantsopentheirownrestaurantsandservetraditionaldishes.However,thefooddoesnotremainexactlythesame.Somematerialsneededtomaketraditionaldishesmaynotbereadilyavailable,sothetasteandflavorcanbedifferentfromwhattheywouldprepareintheirhomecountries.Additionally,immigrantsdonotonlyselldishestopeoplefromthesamecountriesasthem,buttopeoplefromdifferentcountries.4Thosechangescancreatenewflavorsthatstillkeeptheculturalsignificanceofthedishes.Weshouldembraceourheritage(傳統(tǒng))throughourculture'sfoodbutalsobecomemoreinformedaboutotherculturesbytryingtheirfood.Itisimportanttorememberthateachdishhasaspecialplaceintheculturetowhichitbelongs,andisspecialtothosewhoprepareit.5A．Foodisawindowintoculture,anditshouldbetreatedassuch.B．Onanindividuallevel,wegrowupeatingthefoodofourculture.C．Thesmellandtasteofthefoodisveryfamiliartous.D．Italsooperatesasanexpressionofcultureidentity.E．Therefore,theyhavetomakesmallchangesabouttheoriginaldishestocatertoawiderrangeofcustomers.F．Doyoueveraskyourselfwhycertainfoodsorcookingtraditionsaresoimportanttoyourculture?G．Astheworldbecomesmoreglobalized,itiseasiertoaccessfoodsfromdifferentcultures.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。文章主要從食物與文化的關(guān)系的角度動(dòng)身，認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)食物是文化的重要組成部分，它也是文化認(rèn)同的表現(xiàn)和了解文化的窗口。1．選F上文Haveyoueverwonderedthatthefoodyoueateverydaycantellyouaboutwhereyoucomefrom?Haveyoueverwonderedwhypeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldeatdifferenttypesoffood？與F項(xiàng)Doyoueveraskyourselfwhycertainfoodsorcookingtraditionsaresoimportanttoyourculture？承接自然，選項(xiàng)的問題和上文的兩個(gè)問題一起導(dǎo)入本文的話題——食物與文化之間的關(guān)系。故選F項(xiàng)。2．選B分析段落結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處為本段中心句，與下段首句Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.呼應(yīng)。且由下文Manyassociatefoodsfromour