閱讀補(bǔ)全（六選四）（練習(xí)）（解析版）-2025年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)（新教材新高考）

第10講閱讀理解補(bǔ)全（六選四）

目錄

01模擬基礎(chǔ)練

【題型一】段首設(shè)空題的考查

【題型二】段中設(shè)空題的考查

【題型三】段尾設(shè)空題的考查

02重難創(chuàng)新練

03真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)練

題型一段首設(shè)空題的考查

1.（23-24?三上海育浦期末）

2Forrester,amarket-researchfirm,foundthatmostusersof“buynow,paylater“appsarearound

20.MeganScott,a20-year-oldstudentfromLondon,speaksformanyofherpeersbyadmittingthat,when

shopping,shehasnoself-control——untilthebillarrives.

A.Theydesiregenuinenesswhileconstantlyimmersedinadigitalworld.

B.TikTok'suser-generatedvideoscanleadeventinybrandstospeedyviralfame.

C.Thelifestyleofthe"moonlightclan^^hasmademanyyoungpeoplefeeloverwhelmed.

D.Easyaccesstomeansofspreadingpaymentsmayencouragespendingmoneylikewater.

E.AheightenedexpectationofconveniencecomeswithbeingraisedintheageofAmazon.

F.These“always-onpurchasers^^oftenshiftfromaweeklyshoptoquickerfixesofeverythingfromfashionto

furniture.

【答案】2.D

【解析】由下文“Forrester,amarket-researchfirm,foundthatmostusersof"buynow,paylater“appsarearound

20.MeganScott,a20-year-oldstudentfromLondon,speaksformanyofherpeersbyadmittingthat,when

shopping,shehasnoself-control—untilthebillarrives.（市場(chǎng)研究公司Forrester發(fā)現(xiàn)，大多數(shù)使用"先買后付”

應(yīng)用程序的用戶年齡在20歲左右。來(lái)自倫敦的20歲學(xué)生梅根?斯科特（MeganScott）道出了許多同齡人的心

聲，她承認(rèn)，在購(gòu)物時(shí)，她沒(méi)有自制力——直到賬單來(lái)了。廣可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“'先買后付’導(dǎo)致花錢多”有

關(guān)的話題，故D選項(xiàng)“Easyaccesstomeansofspreadingpaymentsmayencouragespendingmoneylikewater.（易

于獲得分散支付的手段可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)像喝水一樣花錢。）”能概括下文，符合題意。故選D。

2.《2024上*M肛二模）AddictiontoLabeling

7"Childrenarestilldevelopingandevolving,andmanychildhoodbehavioralfeaturesmayseemlike

thoseofadisorderwhenthere5reotherpotentialexplanationsforthatbehavior,9,Armitagenotes.Ideally,a

diagnosisforachildshouldbecarriedoutbyaqualifiedmentalhealthprofessional.Soitiswithanadult.

A.Labelingposesevenmoreofaproblemwhenitcomestokids.

B.Itcanbehelpfulforthosenotquiteabletounderstandwhytheyfeelthewaytheydo.

C.Thereseemstobeadesiretoseenegativeemotionsassomethingrequiringinterventionordiagnosis.

D.Labelingleadstochildren'sovercomingtheiraddictiontowhatispostedonline.

E.Someonehashadonlyacertainexperienceandjudgesallbehaviorwiththatexperience.

F.Thebasicfunctionofadiagnosisistogiveyouanameforthosebehaviorsoncefeltunusual.

【答案】7.A

【解析】根據(jù)后文“"Childrenarestilldevelopingandevolving,andmanychildhoodbehavioralfeaturesmayseem

likethoseofadisorderwhenthere9reotherpotentialexplanationsforthatbehavior,Armitagenotes.Ideally,a

diagnosisforachildshouldbecarriedoutbyaqualifiedmentalhealthprofessional.Soitiswithanadult.（B可米蒂

奇指出：“兒童仍在發(fā)育和進(jìn)化，許多兒童的行為特征可能看起來(lái)像是一種疾病，而這種行為有其他可能的

解釋。”理想情況下，對(duì)兒童的診斷應(yīng)該由合格的心理健康專業(yè)人員進(jìn)行。成年人也是如此。）”可知，本段

主要論述了標(biāo)簽對(duì)于孩子的影響。故A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，標(biāo)簽問(wèn)題就更大了。”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。

3.（2024?上海?陀?二模）HanwengongShrine

12Hereisone:whenHanYuwaslivinginChaozhou,therewasaveryfierceandcruelcrocodile

intheHanjiangriver,whichwasabigsocialharm.Oneday,HanYudraftedastatementagainstthecrocodileand

madeitpublicbytheriver.Incredibly,fromthenextdayon,thecrocodilewasgone.Later,thestatue,madeofa

portraitofHanYu,wasbuiltandhiswordswereleftonthemonumenttomarkhisachievements.

A.WhenHanYucametoChaozhou,hewas51yearsold.

B.HanYuwasaConfucianfigure,andtherearemanystoriesabouthiminChaozhou.

C.AlthoughHanWsideashadnoobviouspracticaleffectatthetime,theyhadagreatimpactonsocietydecades

later.

D.BuiltintheSongdynasty,theshrineistheoldestandbestpreservedmonumenttoHanYii,oneofthegreatest

literarymenintheTangdynasty.

E.TomemorizewhathehadcontributedtothedevelopmentofChaozhou,peopleconstructedthisshrineand

namedhimHanwengongrespectfully.

F.Therearesomanytouriststhat,torelievethepressureonthemonuments,thescenicspotrequiresthata

maximumof500peoplevisitatatime.

【答案】B

【解析】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Hereisone:whenHanYuwaslivinginChaozhou,

therewasaveryfierceandcruelcrocodileintheHanjiangriver,whichwasabigsocialharm.Oneday,HanYu

draftedastatementagainstthecrocodileandmadeitpublicbytheriver.Incredibly,fromthenextdayon,the

crocodilewasgone.Later,thestatue,madeofaportraitofHanYu,wasbuiltandhiswordswereleftonthe

monumenttomarkhisachievements.（這里有一個(gè)故事：韓愈在潮州居住時(shí)，韓江里有一條非常兇猛殘忍的鱷

魚(yú)，給社會(huì)造成了很大的危害。有一天，韓愈起草了一份聲討鱷魚(yú)的聲明，并在江邊公之于眾。令人難以

置信的是，從第二天開(kāi)始，鱷魚(yú)就消失了。后來(lái)，人們建了一座韓愈的雕像，并將他的言辭留在了紀(jì)念碑

上，以紀(jì)念他的功績(jī)。）”可知，本段主要講述了關(guān)于韓愈在潮州的故事。選項(xiàng)BccHanYuwasaConfucianfigure,

andtherearemanystoriesabouthiminChaozhou.（韓愈是儒家人物，潮州有很多關(guān)于他的故事。）”為下文中關(guān)

于韓愈在潮州的故事提供了一個(gè)引言，指出韓愈是一位儒家人物，并在潮州有許多關(guān)于他的故事。故選B。

4.（2024上海金山二模）Theyoungleadnewtrendsinconsumptionmarket

Withthepost-1990generationbecomingavibrant（充滿活力的）forceinsocietyandthepost-2000

generationgraduallyenteringtheworkforce,thepurchasingpowerofthenewgenerationofconsumershasbeen

steadilygrowing.

13Growingupintheinternetera,theyoungconsumersgenerallyhavehigher

educationlevelsandabroaderglobaloutlook,andcomefromarelativelystrongeconomicbackground.Assuch,

theirconsumptionbehaviorisdifferentfromthatoftheearliergenerations.

A.Youngconsumersnolongerblindlychasetrendyorluxuryitems.

B.Theyexcelinusingmobiledevicesandsocialmediaforgettinginformation.

C.Theirtendencytopaymuchleadstothedevelopmentofproductsandservices.

D.Theirchangingbehaviorsinconsumptionhavepromotedhigh-qualityproducts.

E.Infact,youngpeopleareslowlybecomingthemainforceintheconsumermarket.

F.Theyarewillingtopayforproductswithuniquefeaturesandinnovativeservices.

【答案】E

【解析】根據(jù)后文“Growingupintheinternetera,theyoungconsumersgenerallyhavehighereducationlevelsand

abroaderglobaloutlook,andcomefromarelativelystrongeconomicbackground.Assuch,theirconsumption

behaviorisdifferentfromthatoftheearliergenerations.（成長(zhǎng)于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代的年輕消費(fèi)者，普遍具有更高的教

育水平和更廣闊的全球視野，并且有著相對(duì)強(qiáng)大的經(jīng)濟(jì)背景。因此，他們的消費(fèi)行為與前幾代人不同。y

可知，本段主要說(shuō)明了年輕人在消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)的影響。故E選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，年輕人正慢慢成為消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)的主力軍J

符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

5.《2024上H定二模）GlobalRiseofTCM

19Accordingtoareport,thetotalnumberofinternationalstudentsstudyingTCMinChinawas8,

187lastyear,withthelargestpopulationof6,441comingfromAsiancountries,followedby832fromAfricaand

432fromEurope.Also,manyChinesemedicaluniversitieshadprojectsthatsentprofessorsoverseastoteach

TCM.

A.TheyhighlyrecognizedtheeffectivenessofTCM,especiallyitsuseinpaintreatment.

B.Evenwhendrinkingherbalmilktea,ifsbesttomakechoicesaccordingly.

C.Beingextensiveandfar-reaching,TCMisdeeplyconnectedwithChinesephilosophy.

D.OverseasstudentsofTCM,likePhan,arenotrare.

E.ThisledhertomajorinTCMatatraditionalmedicalschoolinChina.

F.ManyotherChinesemedicineinstitutionshaveadoptedsimilarstrategicinitiatives.

【答案】D

［解析］根據(jù)后文“Accordingtoareport,thetotalnumberofinternationalstudentsstudyingTCMinChinawas8,

187lastyear,withthelargestpopulationof6,441comingfromAsiancountries,followedby832fromAfricaand

432fromEurope.Also,manyChinesemedicaluniversitieshadprojectsthatsentprofessorsoverseastoteachTCM.

（根據(jù)一份報(bào)告，去年在中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī)的國(guó)際學(xué)生總數(shù)為8187人，其中來(lái)自亞洲國(guó)家的人數(shù)最多，有6441

人，其次是來(lái)自非洲的832人，來(lái)自歐洲的432人。此外，許多中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)都有派遣教授到海外教授中

醫(yī)的項(xiàng)目。）”可知，后文主要列舉了學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī)的國(guó)際學(xué)生人數(shù)，說(shuō)明Phan不是個(gè)例。故D選項(xiàng)“像Phan這

樣的中醫(yī)留學(xué)生并不少見(jiàn)。”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

題型二段中設(shè)空題的考查

1.（2024上海松江二模）AddictiontoLabeling

Maybeyou'venoticeditinthecommentssectionofpopularsocialmediapostsaboutanxiety,depressionor

thingsalike,withanumberofpeopleclaimingtopicktheselabelsforthemselves.

Thesedays,labelingiseverywhere.5However,thenegativepartisthatit'seasyforsomeoneto

identifywiththecharacteristicswithouttrulyrecognizingthecontextinwhichthesecharacteristicswouldrequire

diagnosis,accordingtoCharlotteArmitage,aregisteredintegrativepsychotherapistandpsychologist.

Ifyouhavedoneyourresearchandgenuinelyfeelthatyouhavesomeformofmentalhealthconcern,then

finallyhavinganameforyourbehaviorscanbegreat.Buttheriskisthatmanypeoplewillseeklabelsand

interventionforanybehavior,patternoremotionthatisoutsideofthepermanenthappygroupthatsocietyhasset

asthenorm."6Thenthesayingcalittlebitofknowledgeisdangerous5springstomymind,^^Armitage

adds.

A.Labelingposesevenmoreofaproblemwhenitcomestokids.

B.Itcanbehelpfulforthosenotquiteabletounderstandwhytheyfeelthewaytheydo.

C.Thereseemstobeadesiretoseenegativeemotionsassomethingrequiringinterventionordiagnosis.

D.Labelingleadstochildren'sovercomingtheiraddictiontowhatispostedonline.

E.Someonehashadonlyacertainexperienceandjudgesallbehaviorwiththatexperience.

F.Thebasicfunctionofadiagnosisistogiveyouanameforthosebehaviorsoncefeltunusual.

【答案】5.B6.E

【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了網(wǎng)絡(luò)上很多人聲稱自己給自己貼上了抑郁癥或類似的病癥的標(biāo)

簽，說(shuō)明了這一行為所帶來(lái)的影響。

5.根據(jù)上文“Thesedays,labelingiseverywhere.（如今，標(biāo)簽無(wú)處不在。）”以及后文"However,thenegativepart

isthatit'seasyforsomeonetoidentifywiththecharacteristicswithouttrulyrecognizingthecontextinwhichthese

characteristicswouldrequirediagnosis,accordingtoCharlotteArmitage,aregisteredintegrativepsychotherapist

andpsychologist（然而，根據(jù)注冊(cè)綜合心理治療師和心理學(xué)家CharlotteArmitage的說(shuō)法，消極的一面是，人

們很容易在沒(méi)有真正認(rèn)識(shí)到這些特征需要診斷的背景的情況下，就認(rèn)同這些特征。）”可知，后文與本句構(gòu)成

轉(zhuǎn)折，后文提到了消極方面，推測(cè)本句是在說(shuō)明標(biāo)簽的積極方面。故B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)于那些不太能理解自己為什

么會(huì)有這種感覺(jué)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這是有幫助的?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選B。

6.根據(jù)上文“Buttheriskisthatmanypeoplewillseeklabelsandinterventionfbranybehavior,patternoremotion

thatisoutsideofthepermanenthappygroupthatsocietyhassetasthenorm.（但風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在于，許多人會(huì)為任何行為、

模式或情緒尋求標(biāo)簽和干預(yù)，而這些行為、模式或情緒都超出了社會(huì)所設(shè)定的永久快樂(lè)群體的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。）”以及

后文“Thenthesaying'alittlebitofknowledgeisdangerous5springstomyArmitageadds.（然后，矢口半

解是危險(xiǎn)的‘這句話突然出現(xiàn)在我的腦海里，”阿米蒂奇補(bǔ)充道。）”可知，本句主要引用阿米蒂奇對(duì)于標(biāo)簽的

看法，結(jié)合后文提到了一知半解，可知本句是在對(duì)“一知半解”進(jìn)行舉例說(shuō)明。故E選項(xiàng)“有些人只有某種經(jīng)

驗(yàn)，并以此經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)判斷所有的行為?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選E。

2.《2024?上11HHs?二模）HanwengongShrine

NowwecometoHanwengongShrine,whichisbesideHangjiangriverandwestofBijiamountain.9

Inthesquareinfrontofthehall,anancientbook-shapedstoneiscarvedwithtwofamoussayingsofHanYuonit,

meaninghardworkisthepreconditionfbrsuccess,anddeepthoughtistheguaranteeofsuccess.

A.WhenHanYucametoChaozhou,hewas51yearsold.

B.HanYuwasaConfucianfigure,andtherearemanystoriesabouthiminChaozhou.

C.AlthoughHanWsideashadnoobviouspracticaleffectatthetime,theyhadagreatimpactonsocietydecades

later.

D.BuiltintheSongdynasty,theshrineistheoldestandbestpreservedmonumenttoHanYu,oneofthegreatest

literarymenintheTangdynasty.

E.TomemorizewhathehadcontributedtothedevelopmentofChaozhou,peopleconstructedthisshrineand

namedhimHanwengongrespectfully.

F.Therearesomanytouriststhat,torelievethepressureonthemonuments,thescenicspotrequiresthata

maximumof500peoplevisitatatime.

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)空前“NowwecometoHanwengongShrine,whichisbesideHangjiangriverandwestofBijia

mountain.（現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)到韓文公祠，它位于韓江邊，筆架山以西。）”以及空后"Inthesquareinfrontofthehall,

anancientbook-shapedstoneiscarvedwithtwofamoussayingsofHanYuonit,meaninghardworkisthe

preconditionforsuccess,anddeepthoughtistheguaranteeofsuccess.（在大廳前的廣場(chǎng)上，一塊古老的書(shū)形石頭

上刻著韓愈的兩句名言，意思是努力是成功的先決條件，深思是成功的保證。戶可知，上下文都是對(duì)韓文公

祠的介紹。選項(xiàng)D^BuiltintheSongdynasty,theshrineistheoldestandbestpreservedmonumenttoHanYu,one

ofthegreatestliterarymenintheTangdynasty.（該祠建于宋代，是唐代最偉大的文學(xué)家之一韓愈的最古老、保

存最完好的紀(jì)念碑。）”與上下文內(nèi)容一致，都是對(duì)韓文公祠的介紹。故選D。

3.《2024上海金山二模）Theyoungleadnewtrendsinconsumptionmarket

Intermsofconsumptionpattern,onlineshoppinghasbecomethetopchoiceforyoungpeople.Youngpeople

notonlycompriseacomparativelyhighpercentageofinternetusersbutalsotendtoshoponline.14

Thismakesthemeasilyinfluencedbyproductpromotionsandinfluencersonsocialmedia.

Andyetatrendtowardrationalconsumptionhasbeengrowingrapidlyoverthepastfewyears.

15Instead,theyfocusmoreonproductqualityandfunctionality.Theytendtocompareproductsand

services,anddosomeresearchbeforemakingpurchasingdecisions,inordertogetthebestoutoftheirpurchase.

AccordingtoastudyconductedbytheSocialSurveyCenterofChinaYouthDaily,90.1percentofthe1,000young

respondentssaidtheirconsumptiondecisionisbasedonthe"'spendingwherenecessaryandsavingwherepossible^^

principle.......

A.Youngconsumersnolongerblindlychasetrendyorluxuryitems.

B.Theyexcelinusingmobiledevicesandsocialmediaforgettinginformation.

C.Theirtendencytopaymuchleadstothedevelopmentofproductsandservices.

D.Theirchangingbehaviorsinconsumptionhavepromotedhigh-qualityproducts.

E.Infact,youngpeopleareslowlybecomingthemainforceintheconsumermarket.

F.Theyarewillingtopayforproductswithuniquefeaturesandinnovativeservices.

【答案】14.B15.A

【解析】

14.根據(jù)上文“Intermsofconsumptionpattern,onlineshoppinghasbecomethetopchoiceforyoungpeople.

Youngpeoplenotonlycompriseacomparativelyhighpercentageofinternetusersbutalsotendtoshoponline.（在

消費(fèi)模式方面，網(wǎng)購(gòu)已成為年輕人的首選。年輕人不僅在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶中占比較高的比例，而且還傾向于在

網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物。）“以及后文"Thismakesthemeasilyinfluencedbyproductpromotionsandinfluencersonsocialmedia.

（這使得他們很容易受到產(chǎn)品促銷和社交媒體上有影響力的人的影響。）”可知，后文提到年輕人很容易受到

產(chǎn)品促銷和社交媒體上有影響力的人的影響，故本句說(shuō)明容易受影響的原因。故B選項(xiàng)“他們擅長(zhǎng)使用移動(dòng)

設(shè)備和社交媒體獲取信息?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選B。

15.根據(jù)后文“Instead,theyfbcusmoreonproductqualityandfimctionality.（相反，他們更關(guān)注產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和功

能。）”可知，后文與本句的內(nèi)容相反，本句是在說(shuō)明年輕消費(fèi)者不再追求的產(chǎn)品。故A選項(xiàng)“年輕消費(fèi)者不

再盲目追求時(shí)尚或奢侈品?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選A。

4.《2024上定,二模）GlobalRiseofTCM

PhanThiKimChi'sconnectionwithTraditionalChineseMedicine（TCM）beganatanearlyage.Growing

upinasmallvillageinVietnam,itwasinconvenientforPhantotraveltohospitalsinneighboringcities.Whenever

shecaughtacoldorexperiencedaheadacheasachild,herfamilywouldseekthehelpofalocalTCMpractitioner.

17AccordingtoPhan,eventhoughTCMhaslongbeencommonlypracticedandacceptedinVietnam,

findingagoodschooltolearnTCMinVietnamisnoteasy.

Asaforeignstudent,PhanfindstheTCMbasictheorycoursetobethemostchallengingoneinthe

curriculum.18Itrequiresyearsoflearningandpracticetotrulyunderstandtheconceptsofyinandyang,

harmonybetweenhumanandnature,andthefiveelementsofwood,fire,earth,metal,andwater.Sometimesshe

eventranslatestheTCMvocabularyandscriptsintoVietnamesesoshecanrememberandcomprehendthembetter.

A.TheyhighlyrecognizedtheeffectivenessofTCM,especiallyitsuseinpaintreatment.

B.Evenwhendrinkingherbalmilktea,ifsbesttomakechoicesaccordingly.

C.Beingextensiveandfar-reaching,TCMisdeeplyconnectedwithChinesephilosophy.

D.OverseasstudentsofTCM,likePhan,arenotrare.

E.ThisledhertomajorinTCMatatraditionalmedicalschoolinChina.

F.ManyotherChinesemedicineinstitutionshaveadoptedsimilarstrategicinitiatives.

【答案】17.E18.C

【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了中醫(yī)藥在全球崛起的現(xiàn)象。

17.根據(jù)上文“PhanThiKimChi'sconnectionwithTraditionalChineseMedicine（TCM）beganatanearlyage.

GrowingupinasmallvillageinVietnam,itwasinconvenientforPhantotraveltohospitalsinneighboringcities.

Whenevershecaughtacoldorexperiencedaheadacheasachild,herfamilywouldseekthehelpofalocalTCM

practitioner.（PhanThiKimChi與中醫(yī)的聯(lián)系始于早年。Phan在越南的一個(gè)小村莊長(zhǎng)大，去鄰近城市的醫(yī)院

很不方便。每當(dāng)她小時(shí)候感冒或頭痛時(shí)，她的家人都會(huì)向當(dāng)?shù)氐闹嗅t(yī)尋求幫助。）“可知，本句主要說(shuō)明了小

時(shí)候看中醫(yī)的經(jīng)歷對(duì)PhanThiKimChi的影響。故E選項(xiàng)“這使她在中國(guó)的一所傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)院主修中醫(yī)”符合語(yǔ)

境，故選E。

18.根據(jù)上文“Asaforeignstudent,PhanfindstheTCMbasictheorycoursetobethemostchallengingoneinthe

curriculum.（作為一名外國(guó)留學(xué)生，Phan認(rèn)為中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)理論課是課程中最具挑戰(zhàn)性的一門(mén)課。廠以及后文“It

requiresyearsoflearningandpracticetotrulyunderstandtheconceptsofyinandyang,harmonybetweenhuman

andnature,andthefiveelementsofwood,fire,earth,metal,andwater.SometimessheeventranslatestheTCM

vocabularyandscriptsintoVietnamesesoshecanrememberandcomprehendthembetter.（它需要多年的學(xué)習(xí)和

實(shí)踐才能真正理解陰陽(yáng)、人與自然的和諧以及木、火、土、金、水五行的概念。有時(shí)她甚至把中醫(yī)詞匯和

腳本翻譯成越南語(yǔ)，以便更好地記住和理解它們。）”可知，本句主要說(shuō)明中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)理論課具有挑戰(zhàn)性的原因，

結(jié)合后文提到了中國(guó)的五行文化，可知中醫(yī)與中國(guó)的文化有關(guān)。故C選項(xiàng)“中醫(yī)博大精深，與中國(guó)哲學(xué)有著

千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選C。

5.《2024上海H二模）

TheUnitedStatessawasharpriseincasesofinfluenzainlate2023thafsdraggedoninto2024.Andthough

positivetestsfortheillnesshaveleveledoffordecreasedcountrywideoverthepastweeks,thenumberofpeople

seekinghealthcareforrespiratory（口乎吸的）diseasesisstillelevatedacrossmuchoftheU.S.30But

researchonhowinfectionsaffectnervesintheairwayisrevealingnewclues.

Coughingisanimportantreactionthatprotectstheairwayfromdangerslikewaterorbitsofmis-swallowed

food,saysdoctorandresearcherLorcanMcGarveyofQueen'sUniversityBelfast.3JThesenerves

aredecoratedwithreceptor（受體）proteinsthatreacttoeverythingfromcoldairtohotpepper.Whenastimulus

causesthosereceptors,nervessendsignalstothebrainthatweexperienceastheurgetocough.

Whileitmayseemobviousthatcoughingismeanttoclearourthroats,it'salsopossiblethatvirusescause

thereactiontohelpthemselvesspread.32Andifwedoultimatelycoughtoclearoutourairway

duringaninfection,thatstillwouldn'texplainwhatexactlyournervessenseduringaninfectionthatcausesa

cough.

“Wedon'tknow,“sayselectrophysiologistThomasTaylor-ClarkoftheUniversityofSouthFlorida."But

whatwecansayisthatwedoknowsomethings,onebeingthatvirusescauseinfection.”

A.Thereactioniscausedbynervesthatreachintotheairway.

B.Scientistsknowaboutmanydifferentstimulithatcancausecough.

C.Manyinfectionsinvolvedrycoughsthatdon'tproducephlegm（痰）atall.

D.Wecan'treallydetectvirusanymoreintheseindividuals,andyetthey5restillcoughing.

E.Butatleasttemporarily,theycansendusintocoughingevenwhenwe'renolongersick.

F.Scientistsstillaren'tsureexactlywhyotherwisehealthypeopleexperiencethiskindofpersistentcough.

【答案】30.F31.A32.C

【解析】

30.根據(jù)空前"TheUnitedStatessawasharpriseincasesofinfluenzainlate2023thafsdraggedoninto2024.

Andthoughpositivetestsfortheillnesshaveleveledoffordecreasedcountrywideoverthepastweeks,thenumber

ofpeopleseekinghealthcareforrespiratory（呼吸的）diseasesisstillelevatedacrossmuchoftheU.S.（美國(guó)的流感

病例在2023年末急劇上升，一直拖到2024年。盡管在過(guò)去的幾周里，全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的陽(yáng)性檢測(cè)呈平穩(wěn)或下

降的趨勢(shì)，但尋求呼吸系統(tǒng)醫(yī)療保健的人數(shù)在美國(guó)大部分地區(qū)仍在上升）”和空后“Butresearchonhow

infectionsaffectnervesintheairwayisrevealingnewclues.（但關(guān)于感染如何影響氣道神經(jīng)的研究解釋了新的

線索）“可知，空前提到呼吸系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題的人數(shù)卻在不斷上升，空后提出關(guān)于氣道神經(jīng)的研究提出了新的線

索，故F項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀徊淮_定為什么健康人會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種持續(xù)咳嗽。”符合，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的thiskindofpersistent

cough指的是前文中“thenumberofpeopleseekinghealthcareforrespiratory（呼吸的）diseasesisstillelevated

acrossmuchoftheU.S.,,?本空提出科學(xué)家的疑問(wèn)，空后表明有了新的線索，故選F項(xiàng)。

31.根據(jù)空前“Coughingisanimportantreactionthatprotectstheairwayfromdangerslikewaterorbitsof

mis-swallowedfood,saysdoctorandresearcherLorcanMcGarveyofQueen'sUniversityBelfhst.（貝爾法斯特女

王大學(xué)的醫(yī)生兼研究員LorcanMcGarvey說(shuō)道，咳嗽是一種重要的反應(yīng)，可以保護(hù)氣道免受水或誤食等的危

險(xiǎn)。）''以及空后“Thesenervesaredecoratedwithreceptor（受體）proteinsthatreacttoeverythingfromcoldairto

hotpepper.（這些神經(jīng)被受體蛋白質(zhì)保護(hù)著，對(duì)從冷空氣到辣椒的一切都有反應(yīng)）”可知，空前提到咳嗽是保護(hù)

氣道的一種反應(yīng)，空后則解釋這些神經(jīng)是被受體蛋白保護(hù)著，故A項(xiàng)“這種感應(yīng)是由進(jìn)入氣道的神經(jīng)引起的”

符合，承上啟下,A項(xiàng)中的Theaction指代空前的animportantreaction,空后的Thesenerves指代A項(xiàng)中nerves,

故選A項(xiàng)。

32.根據(jù)空前“Whileitmayseemobviousthatcoughingismeanttoclearourthroats,it'salsopossiblethatviruses

causethereactiontohelpthemselvesspread.（盡管咳嗽明顯是為了清嗓子，但病毒也有可能引起這種感應(yīng)以幫

助自己傳播）''以及空后“Andifwedoultimatelycoughtoclearoutourairwayduringaninfection,thatstill

wouldn'texplainwhatexactlyournervessenseduringaninfectionthatcausesacough.（并且如果我們?cè)诟腥酒陂g

以咳嗽來(lái)清理嗓子，這仍然無(wú)法解釋我們的神經(jīng)在導(dǎo)致咳嗽的感染期間到底能感覺(jué)到什么）”可知，空前提到

我們?cè)谇謇砩ぷ拥臅r(shí)候病毒會(huì)借此機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)得以傳播，空后則提出了我們?cè)诟腥酒陂g以咳嗽清理嗓子，這無(wú)

法解釋我們的神經(jīng)能感受到什么來(lái)然我們咳嗽，故C項(xiàng)“許多感染都是干咳而不生痰?！狈希c空后構(gòu)成

遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，許多感染是干咳而沒(méi)有痰，那也就無(wú)法解釋我們的神經(jīng)感受到了什么，從而讓我們?cè)诟腥酒陂g

咳嗽，故選C項(xiàng)。

題型三段尾設(shè)空題的考查

1.（23-24窩三上m期末）

HowYoungAmericansSpendTheirMoney

Thelight-speedonlineworldalsoappearstohaveloweredtolerancesforlongdeliverytimes.Astudyby

Salesforce,abusiness-softwaregiant,foundthatGen-ZAmericans,whoprefertousetheirphonestopayfor

shopping,arethelikeliestofallagegroupstowanttheirgroceriesdeliveredwithinanhour.3

TheInternethasalsochangedhowtheyoungdiscoverbrands.Print,billboardorTVadvertisinghasgiven

waytosocialmedia......

A.Theydesiregenuinenesswhileconstantlyimmersedinadigitalworld.

B.TikTok'suser-generatedvideoscanleadeventinybrandstospeedyviralfame.

C.Thelifestyleofthe"moonlightclan^^hasmademanyyoungpeoplefeeloverwhelmed.

D.Easyaccesstomeansofspreadingpaymentsmayencouragespendingmoneylikewater.

E.AheightenedexpectationofconveniencecomeswithbeingraisedintheageofAmazon.

F.These“always-onpurchasers^^oftenshiftfromaweeklyshoptoquickerfixesofeverythingfromfashionto

furniture.

【答案】3.F

【解析】由上文“Thelight-speedonlineworldalsoappearstohaveloweredtolerancesforlongdeliverytimes.（光

速的網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界似乎也降低了對(duì)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間遞送的容忍度。）"和"whoprefertousetheirphonestopayforshopping,

arethelikeliestofallagegroupstowanttheirgroceriesdeliveredwithinanhour.（更喜歡用手機(jī)支付購(gòu)物費(fèi)用的

人，是所有年齡段中最有可能在一小時(shí)內(nèi)送達(dá)食品雜貨的人。）”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“在線購(gòu)物”有關(guān)的話題，

故F選項(xiàng)“These"always-onpurchasers“oftenshiftfromaweeklyshoptoquickerfixesofeverythingfromfashion

tofiimiture.（這些“永遠(yuǎn)在線的購(gòu)買者“經(jīng)常從每周的商店轉(zhuǎn)向更快地修復(fù)從時(shí)尚到家具的一切。戶能承接上

文，符合題意。故選F。

2.（2024?上海?第?二模）HanwengongShrine

IntheyearofA.D.819,forsomepoliticalreason,HanYuwasexiled（流放）toChaozhou,abacklandatthat

time.Buthewasnotdepressedbythis,andhehelpedlocalpeopletodevelopeducation,agriculture,irrigationand

releaseslaves.10

Theshrinewasbuiltagainstthemountainanddividedintotwoparts,thefrontpartandthebackpart.......

A.WhenHanYucametoChaozhou,hewas51yearsold.

B.HanYuwasaConfucianfigure,andtherearemanystoriesabouthiminChaozhou.

C.AlthoughHanYu'sideashadnoobviouspracticaleffectatthetime,theyhadagreatimpactonsocietydecades

later.

D.BuiltintheSongdynasty,theshrineistheoldestandbestpreservedmonumenttoHanYu,oneofthegreatest

literarymenintheTangdynasty.

E.TomemorizewhathehadcontributedtothedevelopmentofChaozhou,peopleconstructedthisshrineand

namedhimHanwengongrespectfully.

F.Therearesomanytouriststhat,torelievethepressureonthemonuments,thescenicspotrequiresthata

maximumof500peoplevisitatatime.

【答案E

【解析】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“IntheyearofA.D.819,forsomepoliticalreason,HanYuwas（流放）toChaozhou,

abacklandatthattime.Buthewasnotdepressedbythis,andhehelpedlocalpeopletodevelopeducation,

agriculture,irrigationandreleaseslaves.（公元819年，由于某種政治原因，韓愈被流放到當(dāng)時(shí)的內(nèi)陸地區(qū)潮州。

但他并沒(méi)有因此而沮喪，他幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣癜l(fā)展教育、農(nóng)業(yè)、灌溉和釋放奴隸。）”可知，上文主要介紹韓愈在

潮州所做貢獻(xiàn)的描述。選項(xiàng)E"TomemorizewhathehadcontributedtothedevelopmentofChaozhou,people

constructedthisshrineandnamedhimHanwengongrespectfully.（為了紀(jì)念他對(duì)潮州發(fā)展的貢獻(xiàn)，人們建造了這

座祠，尊稱他為韓文公。）”自然延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出正是韓愈對(duì)潮州的發(fā)展做出了貢獻(xiàn)，當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣癫沤ㄔ炝?/p>

韓文公祠。故選E。

3.《2024上海金山二模）Theyoungleadnewtrendsinconsumptionmarket

Andyetatrendtowardrationalconsumptionhasbeengrowingrapidlyoverthepastfewyears.15.Young

consumersnolongerblindlychasetrendyorluxuryitems.Instead,theyfocusmoreonproductqualityand

functionality.Theytendtocompareproductsandservices,anddosomeresearchbeforemakingpurchasing

decisions,inordertogetthebestoutoftheirpurchase.AccordingtoastudyconductedbytheSocialSurveyCenter

ofChinaYouthDaily,90.1percentofthe1,000youngrespondentssaidtheirconsumptiondecisionisbasedonthe

""spendingwherenecessaryandsavingwherepossible^^principle.Besides,youngconsumersseekmore

personalizedanddiversifiedproducts,reflectingtheiremotionalneedsandincreasingsenseofself-worth.

16

Whenitcomestobrandcognition,youngconsumersseemtofavordomesticproducts.......

A.Youngconsumersnolongerblindlychasetrendyorluxuryitems.

B.Theyexcelinusingmobiledevicesandsocialmediaforgettinginformation.

C.Theirtendencytopaymuchleadstothedevelopmentofproductsandservices.

D.Theirchangingbehaviorsinconsumptionhavepromotedhigh-qualityproducts.

E.Infact,youngpeopleareslowlybecomingthemainforceintheconsumermarket.

F.Theyarewillingtopayforproductswithuniquefeaturesandinnovativeservices.

【答案】F

【解析】根據(jù)上文“Besides,youngconsumersseekmorepersonalizedanddiversifiedproducts,reflectingtheir

emotionalneedsandincreasingsenseofself-worth.（此外，年輕消費(fèi)者尋求更加個(gè)性化和多樣化的產(chǎn)品，反映

了他們的情感需求和自我價(jià)值感的增強(qiáng)。