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Station授課內(nèi)容(英文):第四章鐵路車(chē)站
——車(chē)站是鐵路運(yùn)輸生產(chǎn)的基地。是設(shè)有配線(xiàn)的分界點(diǎn)。鐵路運(yùn)輸生產(chǎn),除列車(chē)在區(qū)間運(yùn)行一項(xiàng)外,其余均在車(chē)站進(jìn)行。Chapter4Railway
StationThestationisthebaseofrailwaytransportation,anditisthedemarcationpointofthedistributionline.Railwaytransportproduction,inadditiontothetrainrunningintheinterval,andtherestarecarriedoutinthestation.
第一節(jié)
車(chē)站的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
一、車(chē)站與區(qū)間1、車(chē)站——鐵路辦理客運(yùn)、貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)及運(yùn)輸組織作業(yè)的主要場(chǎng)所。設(shè)有車(chē)站線(xiàn)路、客貨運(yùn)設(shè)備等。2、區(qū)間——相鄰兩個(gè)車(chē)站間的一段鐵路線(xiàn)路,一條鐵路線(xiàn)路被車(chē)站劃分為若干個(gè)區(qū)間4.1BasicknowledgeofstationIStationandintervalStation--themainplaceforthepassengertransportation,freighttransportationandtransportationorganizationwork.Withastationline,passengerandfreightequipmentetc.2IntervalInterval??theintervalbetweenthetwoadjacentstationsofarailwayline,arailwaylineisdividedintoseveralsectionsofthestation.StationtrackMainlineSchematicdiagramoftheintermediatestationlayout3、車(chē)站與區(qū)間的劃分①劃分的意義:分清工作責(zé)任,保證行車(chē)安全。②車(chē)站與區(qū)間的分界線(xiàn)單線(xiàn)鐵路:以進(jìn)站信號(hào)機(jī)柱的中心線(xiàn)為界;雙線(xiàn)鐵路:兩端分別以各正線(xiàn)的進(jìn)站信號(hào)機(jī)柱和站界標(biāo)柱的中心線(xiàn)為界。3DivisionofstationandintervalSignificanceofdivision:Workresponsibility,ensuretrafficsafety.Thedividinglineisbetweenstationandinterval.Singlelinerailway:thecentrallineofthestationsignal;Doubletrackrailway:bothendsoneachlinestopsignalcolumnandcolumnstationlandmarkcenterlinetotheworld.
二、車(chē)站的作用、分類(lèi)1、鐵路運(yùn)輸生產(chǎn)過(guò)程:出發(fā)→途中運(yùn)行→到達(dá)2、車(chē)站的業(yè)務(wù)①貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù):車(chē)站對(duì)貨運(yùn)人辦理的貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)氖芾怼⒊羞\(yùn)、裝車(chē)、卸車(chē)、保管、交付等各項(xiàng)作業(yè)的總稱(chēng)。②客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù):車(chē)站對(duì)旅客辦理的旅客運(yùn)輸?shù)氖燮?、候?chē)、進(jìn)站檢票、上車(chē)、下車(chē)、出站驗(yàn)票、簽證、退票等各項(xiàng)作業(yè)的總稱(chēng)。IIThefunctionandclassificationofthestation1Railwaytransportproductionprocess:departure→
runontheway→arrival.2Stationbusiness1)Freighttransportationbusiness:Generalacceptance,shipping,loadingandunloading,storage,deliveryandotheroperationsofthefreightstationforthetransportofgoods.
2)Passengertransportbusiness:Thestationforpassengersforpassengertransportticket,stop,waitingforthetrainandgetoff,ticketinspection,visa,refundandotheractivities.
③運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù):分行車(chē)和調(diào)車(chē)兩部分。調(diào)車(chē):解體、編組、摘車(chē)、掛車(chē)、取車(chē)、送車(chē)、等各項(xiàng)作業(yè)的總稱(chēng)。3、車(chē)站的作用①對(duì)外,是鐵路的窗口,與旅客、貨主辦理各項(xiàng)客貨運(yùn)輸業(yè)務(wù)。②對(duì)內(nèi),是鐵路運(yùn)輸生產(chǎn)基地。辦理除列車(chē)在區(qū)間運(yùn)行以外的各項(xiàng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)作業(yè)。3)Runningbusiness:Sub-trafficandshuntingThegeneraltermofshunting:Disintegration,grouping,pick,trailer,takethecar,sendthecarandotheroperations.3StationfunctionExternalfunction:thewindowtotheoutside,todealwithtransportationofpassengersandcargotransportbusiness.Internalfunction:istheproductionbaseofrailwaytransport.Todealwithotheroperationsexcepttherunningofthetrainintheinterval.
4、車(chē)站的分類(lèi)①按業(yè)務(wù)性質(zhì)分類(lèi)(對(duì)外)客運(yùn)站——設(shè)于鐵路樞紐內(nèi),專(zhuān)門(mén)辦理客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)的車(chē)站;貨運(yùn)站——設(shè)于鐵路樞紐內(nèi),專(zhuān)門(mén)辦理貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)的車(chē)站,包括工業(yè)站、港口站、危險(xiǎn)貨物車(chē)站等專(zhuān)業(yè)性車(chē)站;客貨運(yùn)站——既辦理客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù),又辦理貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)的綜合性車(chē)站。4Classificationofstations1)Accordingtothebusinessnatureoftheclassification(external)Passengerstation-locatedintherailwayhub,thestationdedicatedtothepassengertransportbusiness;Freightstation-locatedintherailwayhub,dedicatedtohandlingfreightstations,includingindustrialstations,portstations,dangerousgoodsstationsandotherprofessionalstations;Passengerandfreightstation---Notonlyforthepassengerbusiness,butalsoforthecomprehensivefreightbusinessstation.
②按作業(yè)性質(zhì)分類(lèi)(對(duì)內(nèi))中間站——設(shè)于區(qū)段內(nèi),主要辦理列車(chē)的會(huì)讓、越行、通過(guò)作業(yè)的車(chē)站;區(qū)段站——設(shè)于區(qū)段的分界點(diǎn),主要辦理列車(chē)的無(wú)調(diào)中轉(zhuǎn)作業(yè);(技術(shù)站)編組站——設(shè)于區(qū)段分界點(diǎn)或樞紐內(nèi),大量辦理列車(chē)的中轉(zhuǎn)作業(yè)(包括有調(diào)和無(wú)調(diào))。③按車(chē)站擔(dān)負(fù)的任務(wù)量、在鐵路網(wǎng)中的地位分:特、一、二、三、四、五等站。2)Classificationaccordingtothenatureofoperations(internal):Intermediatestation-locatedinthesection,mainlydealingwiththepassingevents,trainovertaking,andtrainpassing;Sectionstation-thedemarcationpointofthesection,themainprocessingofthetransferofthetrainoperation;(TechnicalStation)Themarshalingstation,whichislocatedinthedemarcationpointorthejunctionofthesector,dealingwithalargenumberoftransferoperationsforthetrain(includingtheadjustmentandadjustment).3)Accordingtotheamountoftasksandthestatusoftherailwaynetwork,stationscanbedividedintoprincipalstation,thefirstclassstation,thesecondclassstation,thethirdstation,thefourthstation,andthefifthstation.
鐵路區(qū)段:相鄰兩個(gè)技術(shù)站之間的鐵路線(xiàn)路。鐵路樞紐:大城市或大工業(yè)區(qū)附近,幾條鐵路線(xiàn)路交匯處,有多個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)性車(chē)站及其連接的聯(lián)絡(luò)線(xiàn)、線(xiàn)路所、專(zhuān)用線(xiàn)等技術(shù)設(shè)備組成的辦理各項(xiàng)鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)務(wù)的中心。Railwaysection:Arailwaylinebetweentwoadjacentstations.Railwayjunction:Nearthebigcityorlargeindustrialzones,severalrailwaylinesinterchange,thereareanumberofprofessionalstationsandtherailwaytransportservicecenterwhichiscomposedofthecontactline,connectinglines,speciallinesandothertechnicalequipment.三、車(chē)站股道、道岔編號(hào)及股道有效長(zhǎng)1、主要股道(即車(chē)站線(xiàn)路種類(lèi))正線(xiàn)(不屬于站線(xiàn))——直接連通區(qū)間線(xiàn)路,與區(qū)間線(xiàn)路統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為正線(xiàn)。區(qū)間部分稱(chēng)為區(qū)間正線(xiàn),站內(nèi)部分稱(chēng)為站內(nèi)正線(xiàn)。到發(fā)線(xiàn)——專(zhuān)門(mén)辦理列車(chē)到、發(fā)作業(yè)的線(xiàn)路;調(diào)車(chē)線(xiàn)——供車(chē)列解體、編組并存放車(chē)輛的線(xiàn)路;牽出線(xiàn)——供列車(chē)解體、編組及轉(zhuǎn)線(xiàn)等牽出使用的線(xiàn)路;貨物線(xiàn)——專(zhuān)門(mén)辦理貨物裝、卸車(chē)作業(yè)的線(xiàn)路;大站設(shè)于貨場(chǎng)內(nèi)。IIIStationtrack,turnoutnumber,andtheeffectivelengthofstationtrack1Themaintrack(i.e.stationlinetype)Themainline(donotbelongtothestation)-Directlyconnectsintervallines,Togetherwiththeintervallinereferredtoasthemainline.Intervalpartiscalledtheintervalline;theintra-stationpartiscalledintra-stationline.Arrivalanddeparturelines:lineisspecificallyusedfortrainarrivalanddeparture;Shuntingline:linefortraindisintegration,marshalingandvehiclestorage;Draw-outtrack:linefortraindisintegration,groupingandshunting;Cargoline:lineforcargoloadingandunloadingoperations;largestationislocatedintheyard.
機(jī)車(chē)走行線(xiàn)、檢修線(xiàn)、禁溜線(xiàn)等。以上屬站線(xiàn)范圍段管線(xiàn)——各段專(zhuān)用并由其管理的線(xiàn)路。岔線(xiàn)——在區(qū)間或站內(nèi)接軌,通向路內(nèi)外單位的專(zhuān)用線(xiàn)路。特殊用途線(xiàn)——為保證行車(chē)安全而設(shè)置的安全線(xiàn)和避難線(xiàn)。Therearelocomotiverunningline,maintenanceline,forbiddensliplines.Theabovebelongtotherangeofstationline.Sectionline:eachsectionisinchargeofthededicatedline.Forkline:alineisintheintervalorinthestation,leadingtotheroadinsideandoutsidetheunitdedicatedline.Specialpurposelines:safetylinesandevacuationlinesforsafedriving.
2、股道編號(hào):正線(xiàn)用羅馬數(shù)字,站線(xiàn)用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。(1)單線(xiàn)鐵路車(chē)站股道編號(hào):有靠近站舍的股道開(kāi)始順序編號(hào)。(2)雙線(xiàn)鐵路車(chē)站股道編號(hào):分別從兩條正線(xiàn)依次向外編號(hào),下行正線(xiàn)一側(cè)用單數(shù),上行正線(xiàn)一側(cè)用雙數(shù)。Tracknumber:TheRomannumeralsareforthemainlineandtheArabicnumeralsareforthestationline.1)Singlerailwaystationtracknumber:tracknearthetrainstation
startssequencenumber.(2)Doublelinerailwaystationtracknumber:setcoderespectivelyfromtwomainlines,downsideusessingular,upwardlineusesdoubleside.ThroughpassengerstationStubendpassengerstationSchematicdiagramofpassengerstation1Stationbuilding2Overlinebridge3Platform4Machineline5leavingpassengertrainserviceyard
3、道岔編號(hào):用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字編號(hào)。原則:由外而內(nèi),先主后次,依次編號(hào),下行列車(chē)到達(dá)一端用單數(shù),上行列車(chē)到達(dá)一端用雙數(shù)。注意:(1)股道和道岔編號(hào)的作用是方便股道、道岔的使用和管理;(2)一個(gè)車(chē)站的每股道、每個(gè)道岔的編號(hào)必須是獨(dú)立的,即不得有相同的編號(hào)。3Turnoutnumber:Arabiadigitalcode.Principle:fromoutsidetoinside,thefirstisafterthesecond,followedbynumbers;downtrainusesanoddnumberwhenitreachesoneend,uptrainusesanevennumberwhenitreachesoneend.Notice:1)Theroleoftrackandswitchnumberisforconvenientuseandmanagementoftrackandturnout;(2)Thenumberoftracksandpointsforeachstationmustbeindependent,thatis,thereshallnotbethesamenumber.
ThroatfigureofKstationswitchyardFreightyard
4、股道全長(zhǎng)及有效長(zhǎng)(1)股道全長(zhǎng)——線(xiàn)路一端的道岔基本軌接頭到另一端的道岔基本軌接頭的長(zhǎng)度。如為盡頭式線(xiàn)路,則為道岔基本軌接頭至車(chē)擋的長(zhǎng)度。站內(nèi)正線(xiàn)不另計(jì)全長(zhǎng)。確定線(xiàn)路全長(zhǎng),主要是為了設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)便于估計(jì)造價(jià),比較設(shè)計(jì)方案。
(2)股道有效長(zhǎng)——線(xiàn)路全長(zhǎng)范圍內(nèi)可以停留機(jī)車(chē)車(chē)輛,而不妨礙鄰線(xiàn)正常行車(chē)部分的長(zhǎng)度。4Tracklengthandeffectivelength①Tracklength:thelengthwhichisfromturnoutbasicrailjointofthelineendtothatoftheotherendoftheline.Instub-endlineit’sthelengthfromthebasicrailjointtothevehiclegear.Thefulllengthofthelinedoesn’tcountmainline.Confirmingthelinelengthismainlytofacilitatethedesignoftheestimatedcost,comparethedesigns.②
Effectivelengthoftrack:Locomotivevehiclescanstayinthelengthofthewholelinewithouthinderingtothenormalpartofthelengthoftheadjacentline.
股道有效長(zhǎng)的確定因素:①警沖標(biāo);②出站信號(hào)機(jī)或調(diào)車(chē)信號(hào)機(jī);③道岔的尖軌尖端(無(wú)軌道電路時(shí))或道岔基本軌接頭處的鋼軌絕緣(有軌道電路時(shí);)④車(chē)擋(盡頭線(xiàn)路時(shí));設(shè)計(jì)線(xiàn)路有效長(zhǎng),主要根據(jù)線(xiàn)路作業(yè)量、用途及其連接形式而定。Factorsdeterminetheeffectivelengthoftrack:1)Warningmark;2)Theoutboundsignalortheshuntingsignal;3)Thetipoftherailturnout(notrackcircuit)orrailjointinsulationofbasicrailjoint(trackcircuit;)4)Thecarbumper(endline);5)Thedesignedcircuitiseffective,whichismainlybasedonthelineoperationanditsconnectionform.
Confirmationofeffectiveline
length
我國(guó)貨物列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)有1050、850、750、650、550m等幾種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有效長(zhǎng)。開(kāi)行重載列車(chē)為主的鐵路可采用大于1050m的到發(fā)線(xiàn)有效長(zhǎng)度。一個(gè)車(chē)站的每一條到發(fā)線(xiàn)的有效長(zhǎng)必須大于或等于規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有效長(zhǎng)。China'sfreighttrain'sarrivalanddepartureline
includes1050,850,750,650,550mandotherstandardeffectivelength.Railwaylinewithheavyhaultrainsmainlyusesarrivalanddeparturelinewhichismorethan1050m.Theeffectivelengthofeachstation'sarrivalanddeparturelinemustbegreaterthanorequaltothespecifiedstandardeffectivelength.
第二節(jié)中間站一、中間站的作用保證行車(chē)安全,提高鐵路區(qū)段通過(guò)能力,為沿線(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)的客、貨運(yùn)服務(wù)。一個(gè)區(qū)間一般情況下,只允許運(yùn)行一個(gè)列車(chē)。設(shè)置中間站即可縮短區(qū)間長(zhǎng)度,增加區(qū)間數(shù)量,即增加了運(yùn)行的列車(chē)數(shù)量。
二、中間站的主要任務(wù)調(diào)整列車(chē)運(yùn)行,辦理列車(chē)的通過(guò)、會(huì)讓、越行和客貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)。ITheroleofintermediatestationsItistoensuretrafficsafety,improvethecapacityoftherailwaysection,alongtheurbanandruralpassengerandfreightservices.Asectionundernormalcircumstances,onlyallowtheoperationofatrain.Settheintermediatestationtoshortentheintervallength,increasethenumberofintervals,whichincreasedthenumberoftrainsrunning.IIMaintaskoftheintermediatestationAdjustthetrainrunning,dealwithtraintransmitting,overtaking,yielding,andpassengerandfreightbusiness.4.2Intermediatestations
三、中間站的作業(yè)1、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù):接發(fā)列車(chē)及放行通過(guò)列車(chē)作業(yè)(主要作業(yè)),車(chē)輛的摘掛作業(yè)和貨場(chǎng)、專(zhuān)用線(xiàn)取送車(chē)作業(yè)。2、客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù):旅客乘降和行包的承運(yùn)、保管、交付;3、貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù):貨物的承運(yùn)、裝卸、保管與交付。IIITheintermediatestationoperation
1Transmittingbusiness:receivingtrainsandreleasingthroughtrains(mainoperations),pickupoperationofvehicleanddeliveryvehicleoperationoffreightyardandspecial-purposeline
2Passengertransportbusiness:passengersboardingalightingandcarriage,insurance,deliveryofpackage
3Freightbusiness:thecarriage,handling,storageanddeliveryofgoods.
四、中間站的設(shè)備1、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備:列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)、貨物裝卸線(xiàn)、牽出線(xiàn)和調(diào)車(chē)線(xiàn)等;2、客運(yùn)設(shè)備:為旅客服務(wù)的站房、站臺(tái)、站臺(tái)間的跨越設(shè)備(一般為平過(guò)道)和雨棚等;3、貨運(yùn)設(shè)備:為貨運(yùn)服務(wù)的貨物站臺(tái)、倉(cāng)庫(kù)、雨棚、堆放場(chǎng)、裝卸機(jī)械及辦公房屋等;4、信號(hào)及通信設(shè)備等。IVIntermediatestationequipment
1Transmittingequipment:arrivalanddeparturelines,cargoloadingandunloadinglines,pull-outlinesandshuntinglines;
2Passengerequipment:thestation,platform,platformacrossequipment(usuallyflataisle)andcanopyforpassengerservices;
3Freightequipment:cargoplatforms,warehouses,canopy,stackingyards,loadingandunloadingmachineryandofficehousesforfreightservices;
4Signalandcommunicationequipment.
五、會(huì)讓站和越行站設(shè)于偏僻地區(qū),專(zhuān)門(mén)用來(lái)提高線(xiàn)路通過(guò)能力而設(shè)置的車(chē)站。1、會(huì)讓站:設(shè)于單線(xiàn)鐵路上,主要辦理列車(chē)的到發(fā)和會(huì)讓及越行,也可辦理少量的客貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)。2、越行站:設(shè)于雙線(xiàn)鐵路上,主要辦理同方向列車(chē)的越行業(yè)務(wù)。VYieldingstationandovertakingstation
Locatedinremoteareas,theyaredesignedtoimprovethelinethroughcapacity.
1Yieldingstation:locatedinsingle-trackrailway,themainprocessingcontentistodealwiththearrival,departure,yieldingandovertakingofthetrain,anddealwithsmallamountofpassengerandfreightbusinessaswell.
2Overtakingstation:locatedinthetwo-lanerailway,itmainlydealswithovertakingbusinessofthetraininthesamedirection.
第三節(jié)區(qū)段站——鐵路網(wǎng)上牽引區(qū)段的分界點(diǎn)。主要任務(wù):為鄰接的鐵路區(qū)段供應(yīng)機(jī)車(chē)及更換乘務(wù)組;為無(wú)改編中轉(zhuǎn)貨物列車(chē)辦理規(guī)定的技術(shù)作業(yè);辦理一定數(shù)量的貨物列車(chē)解、編作業(yè)及客貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)。4.3SectionstationThecut-offpointofrailwaytraction.Mainmissions:
Supplylocomotivesandreplacementofcrewsforadjacentsections
Providetechnicaloperationsfortheunregulatedtransittrainaccordingtotheprovisions;
Handleacertainnumberofgoodstrainsolution,compilationandpassengerandcargobusiness.
鐵路主要貨物列車(chē)種類(lèi):始發(fā)直達(dá)列車(chē)技術(shù)直達(dá)列車(chē)直通列車(chē)區(qū)段列車(chē)沿零摘掛列車(chē)小運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)列車(chē)Maintypesofrailwayfreighttrain:ThroughtrainoriginatedfromoneloadingpointTechnologydirecttrainThroughtrainSectiontrainDistrictlocaltrainSmalloperatingtrain
一、區(qū)段站的作業(yè)1、客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù):項(xiàng)目與中間站基本相同,作業(yè)量較大。2、貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù):項(xiàng)目與中間站基本相同,作業(yè)量較大。3、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù)(1)客運(yùn)列車(chē)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù):旅客列車(chē)的接發(fā)及管內(nèi)和市郊旅客列車(chē)的始發(fā)、終到作業(yè)。(2)貨運(yùn)列車(chē)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù):大量的無(wú)調(diào)中轉(zhuǎn)列車(chē)作業(yè)(主要是接發(fā)列車(chē)作業(yè));列車(chē)的解體、編組作業(yè);向貨場(chǎng)、專(zhuān)用線(xiàn)、專(zhuān)用鐵道取送車(chē)作業(yè)。ISectionstationoperations
1Passengerbusiness:theprojectisbasicallythesamewiththeintermediatestationwithalargeramountofwork.
2Freightbusiness:theprojectisbasicallythesamewiththeintermediatestationwithalargeramountofwork.
3Transmittingbusiness
(1)Passengertrainoperations:Passengertrainreceiving,andthedepartureandarrivalofpassengertrainsinandoutofthecity.(2)Freighttrainoperation:alargenumberofunregulatedtransittrainoperations(mainlyarrivalanddepartureoftrainsoperations);traindisintegration,marshalingoperations;deliveryvehicleoperationsofthefreightyard,speciallines,specialrailway
4、機(jī)務(wù)業(yè)務(wù):機(jī)車(chē)的運(yùn)用、檢修和整備作業(yè)和機(jī)車(chē)掛運(yùn)與換掛。5、車(chē)輛業(yè)務(wù):列車(chē)中車(chē)輛的技術(shù)檢查和車(chē)輛的檢修作業(yè)。4Maintenanceservice:Theapplicationandmaintenanceoflocomotiveandlocomotiveservicingandtransportationandhanging.5Vehicleoperations:technicalinspectionofvehiclesinthetrainandvehiclemaintenanceoperations.
二、區(qū)段站的設(shè)備1、客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)設(shè)備:項(xiàng)目與中間站相同,規(guī)模較大,跨線(xiàn)設(shè)備可設(shè)天橋或地道。2、貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)設(shè)備:貨場(chǎng)及貨場(chǎng)內(nèi)貨物裝卸線(xiàn)、貨物站臺(tái)、雨棚、倉(cāng)庫(kù)、裝卸機(jī)械等。3、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備:旅客列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)、貨物列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)、駝峰、調(diào)車(chē)場(chǎng)、牽出線(xiàn)等。4、機(jī)務(wù)設(shè)備:機(jī)務(wù)段或折返段(屬于機(jī)務(wù)部門(mén)設(shè)置,為運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)服務(wù));5、車(chē)輛設(shè)備:站修所和列檢所,個(gè)別區(qū)段站設(shè)有車(chē)輛段(均屬車(chē)輛部門(mén)設(shè)置,為運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)服務(wù))。6、工務(wù)、電務(wù)、給水及建筑設(shè)備等IISectionstationequipment
1Passengerbusinessequipment:theprojectisthesamewithintermediatestationwithalargerscale;cross-lineequipmentcanbelocatedoverpassortunnel.
2Freightbusinessequipment:freightyardhandlinglines,cargoplatform,canopy,storage,handlingmachinery.
3Transmittingequipment:departureandarrivallineofpassengerandfreighttrain,hump,shuntingyard,pull-outlineandsoon.
4Maintenanceequipment:Locomotivedepotorreentrantdepot(belongingtothemaintenancedepartmentsetuptransmittingservices);
5Vehicleequipment:stationrepairandinspectionInstitute,somesectionsaresetwiththedepot(thevehiclesectorsetsfortransmittingservices).
6Publicworks,electricity,watersupplyandconstructionequipment
upstreamCargoyardStationcircuitdiagramKstation134-departureandarrivallineII-Mainline5678-shuntingline910-repairtrackinstation1113-leadtrack12–cargoline機(jī)1–Locomotiverunningline機(jī)2、機(jī)3–servicingsiding機(jī)4–Oilunloadingline
三、區(qū)段站布置圖(一)設(shè)備配置的基本原則(方便業(yè)務(wù)、減少干擾、縮短行程、增加平行作業(yè)進(jìn)路)1、客運(yùn)站舍及基本站臺(tái)應(yīng)設(shè)于城鎮(zhèn)一側(cè);旅客列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)應(yīng)盡量靠近站舍和正線(xiàn)。以便于客流組織和旅客列車(chē)的到發(fā)。2、貨物列車(chē)到發(fā)場(chǎng)緊靠旅客列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)。3、調(diào)車(chē)場(chǎng)應(yīng)緊靠到發(fā)場(chǎng),以縮短車(chē)列轉(zhuǎn)線(xiàn)的行程,減少與其他作業(yè)的干擾。IIISectionstationlayout1Thebasicprinciplesofequipmentconfiguration(tofacilitatebusiness,reduceinterference,shortentheitinerary,increasetheparalleloperationsapproach)
1)Passengerstationandthebasicplatformshouldbelocatedinthetownside;thedepartureandarrivallineofpassengertrainshouldbeclosetothestationhouseandthemainlineinordertofacilitatethearrivalofpassengerfloworganizationandpassengertrain.
2)Thedepartureandarrivallineoffreighttraintothehairfieldshouldbeclosetothedepartureandarrivallineofpassengertrain3)Shuntingyardshouldbeclosetothedepartureandarrivalfieldinordertoshortenthetrainlinetriptoreducetheinterferencewithotheroperations.
4、機(jī)務(wù)段設(shè)于到發(fā)場(chǎng)的某一端,以縮短機(jī)車(chē)出入段的行程。5、貨場(chǎng)應(yīng)盡量設(shè)于城鎮(zhèn)的同側(cè),并靠近調(diào)車(chē)場(chǎng),以利于貨主搬運(yùn)貨物,并盡量方便貨物作業(yè)車(chē)的取送。6、站修所或車(chē)輛段設(shè)于調(diào)車(chē)場(chǎng)附近,以縮短檢修車(chē)的行程。4)Thelocomotivedepotislocatedinoneendofthefieldtoshortenthelocomotivetrip.
5)Theyardshouldbelocatedinthesamesideofthetown,andclosetotheyardinordertofacilitatetheownertocarrythegoods,andtofacilitatethedeliveryofgoods.
6)Stationrepairordepotshouldbelocatedclosetotheshuntingyardtoshortenthemaintenancetrip.
(二)區(qū)段站的基本布置圖按各車(chē)場(chǎng)位置關(guān)系歸納為:橫列式:上下行貨物列車(chē)到發(fā)場(chǎng)為橫向排列??v列式:上下兩個(gè)到發(fā)場(chǎng)分設(shè)在正線(xiàn)兩側(cè)并縱向完全錯(cuò)開(kāi)??拓浛v列式:將旅客運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備與貨物運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備沿正線(xiàn)順列布置。IIBasiclayoutofsection
stationAccordingtothelocationrelationshipbetweenthedepots:Horizontaltype:upanddowngoodstraintothedepartureandarrivalfieldinthehorizontalarrangement.Longitudinaltype:upanddowndepartureandarrivalfieldsarelocatedonbothsidesofthemainlineandverticallycompletelystaggered.Passengerandfreightlongitudinaltype:thepassengerandcargotransmittingequipmentarearrangedinsequencealongthemainline.
第四節(jié)編組站編組站是指在鐵路網(wǎng)上辦理大量貨物列車(chē)解體、編組作業(yè),并為此設(shè)有比較完善的調(diào)車(chē)設(shè)備的車(chē)站。一、編組站的主要任務(wù)1、解體和編組各種類(lèi)型的貨物列車(chē)(主要任務(wù),編組站有貨物列車(chē)制造工廠之稱(chēng));2、開(kāi)行小運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)列車(chē),組織和取送本地區(qū)的車(chē)流;3、客貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù);4、向各連接的區(qū)段供應(yīng)列車(chē)動(dòng)力;5、車(chē)輛的檢修。Themarshalingstationistohandlealargenumberofgoodsinrailwaynetworktraindisintegration,marshalingoperation,whichhasrelativelyperfectshuntingequipment.I.MaintasksofMarshalingStation1Disintegrationandmarshalingofvarioustypesofcargotrains(Maintask:themarshalingstationcanalsobecalledasthegoodstrainmanufacturingplant)2Theoperationofasmalloperationofthetrain,theorganizationandaccesstotheareaoftraffic.3Passengerandfreightbusiness4Supplytraindynamicstoallconnectedsegments5Vehiclemaintenance5.4MarshallingStation
downShuntingfieldDeparturefieldArrivalfieldLocomotivedepotArrivalanddeparturefield
二、編組站的主要作業(yè)1、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù)①列車(chē)到達(dá)作業(yè);②列車(chē)解體作業(yè);③列車(chē)編組作業(yè);④列車(chē)出發(fā)作業(yè);⑤向貨場(chǎng)、專(zhuān)用線(xiàn)、專(zhuān)用鐵道取送車(chē)輛。(主要作業(yè))2、客貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)(專(zhuān)業(yè)性編組站不辦理該項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù))3、機(jī)務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)4、車(chē)輛業(yè)務(wù)II.MainoperationofMarshalingStation1Runningbusiness1)Trainarrivaloperation2)Traindisintegrationoperation3)Trainformationoperation4)TrainStartingoperation2Deliveryvehiclestotheyard,specialline,specialrailway3Passengerandfreightbusiness(Professionalmarshalingstationdoesnot
handlethebusiness)
4Maintenanceservice
5Vehiclebusiness
三、編組站的主要設(shè)備1、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備(1)調(diào)車(chē)設(shè)備:調(diào)車(chē)駝峰、編組場(chǎng)、牽出線(xiàn),這是編組站的核心設(shè)備;(2)行車(chē)設(shè)備:貨物列車(chē)出發(fā)場(chǎng)、到達(dá)場(chǎng)、到發(fā)場(chǎng);2、客貨運(yùn)設(shè)備3、機(jī)務(wù)設(shè)備:一般在編組站均設(shè)有大型機(jī)務(wù)段;4、車(chē)輛設(shè)備:一般均設(shè)有車(chē)輛段及其派出的列檢所、站修所。III.MainequipmentofMarshalingStation
1OperatingequipmentShuntingequipment:shuntinghump,marshalingyard,holdoutlet,thisisthecoreequipmentofmarshalingstationDrivingequipment:freighttraindeparture,arrivalfield,departureandarrivalline2Passengerandfreighttransportequipment3Maintenanceequipment:Generallythereisalargedepotinmarshalingstation4Vehicleequipment:ingeneral,itisprovidedwithavehiclesectionandalistofinspectionstations.
四、編組站布置圖及分類(lèi)1、編組站分類(lèi)方法(1)按改編系統(tǒng)數(shù)分為:?jiǎn)蜗蚓幗M站、雙向編組站;(2)按各車(chē)場(chǎng)間的排列方式分為:
橫列式:上下行到發(fā)場(chǎng)與調(diào)車(chē)場(chǎng)橫向排列;
混合式:主要車(chē)場(chǎng)(D、B)縱向排列,部分車(chē)場(chǎng)橫向排列;
縱列式:D、B、F為順向排列?!皫准?jí)幾場(chǎng)”:“級(jí)”指車(chē)場(chǎng)排列形式,“場(chǎng)”指車(chē)場(chǎng)。IVLayoutandclassificationofmarshalingstation1Classificationmethodsofmarshalingstation①Accordingtothenumberofadaptationsystem,itisdividedintotwotypes:one-waymarshalingstation,two-
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