鐵道概論 課件 6- 車(chē)站

Station授課內(nèi)容（英文）：第四章鐵路車(chē)站

——車(chē)站是鐵路運(yùn)輸生產(chǎn)的基地。是設(shè)有配線(xiàn)的分界點(diǎn)。鐵路運(yùn)輸生產(chǎn)，除列車(chē)在區(qū)間運(yùn)行一項(xiàng)外，其余均在車(chē)站進(jìn)行。Chapter4Railway

StationThestationisthebaseofrailwaytransportation,anditisthedemarcationpointofthedistributionline.Railwaytransportproduction,inadditiontothetrainrunningintheinterval,andtherestarecarriedoutinthestation.

第一節(jié)

車(chē)站的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)

一、車(chē)站與區(qū)間1、車(chē)站——鐵路辦理客運(yùn)、貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)及運(yùn)輸組織作業(yè)的主要場(chǎng)所。設(shè)有車(chē)站線(xiàn)路、客貨運(yùn)設(shè)備等。2、區(qū)間——相鄰兩個(gè)車(chē)站間的一段鐵路線(xiàn)路，一條鐵路線(xiàn)路被車(chē)站劃分為若干個(gè)區(qū)間4.1BasicknowledgeofstationIStationandintervalStation--themainplaceforthepassengertransportation,freighttransportationandtransportationorganizationwork.Withastationline,passengerandfreightequipmentetc.2IntervalInterval??theintervalbetweenthetwoadjacentstationsofarailwayline,arailwaylineisdividedintoseveralsectionsofthestation.StationtrackMainlineSchematicdiagramoftheintermediatestationlayout3、車(chē)站與區(qū)間的劃分①劃分的意義：分清工作責(zé)任，保證行車(chē)安全。②車(chē)站與區(qū)間的分界線(xiàn)單線(xiàn)鐵路：以進(jìn)站信號(hào)機(jī)柱的中心線(xiàn)為界；雙線(xiàn)鐵路：兩端分別以各正線(xiàn)的進(jìn)站信號(hào)機(jī)柱和站界標(biāo)柱的中心線(xiàn)為界。3DivisionofstationandintervalSignificanceofdivision:Workresponsibility,ensuretrafficsafety.Thedividinglineisbetweenstationandinterval.Singlelinerailway:thecentrallineofthestationsignal;Doubletrackrailway:bothendsoneachlinestopsignalcolumnandcolumnstationlandmarkcenterlinetotheworld.

二、車(chē)站的作用、分類(lèi)1、鐵路運(yùn)輸生產(chǎn)過(guò)程：出發(fā)→途中運(yùn)行→到達(dá)2、車(chē)站的業(yè)務(wù)①貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)：車(chē)站對(duì)貨運(yùn)人辦理的貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)氖芾怼⒊羞\(yùn)、裝車(chē)、卸車(chē)、保管、交付等各項(xiàng)作業(yè)的總稱(chēng)。②客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)：車(chē)站對(duì)旅客辦理的旅客運(yùn)輸?shù)氖燮?、候?chē)、進(jìn)站檢票、上車(chē)、下車(chē)、出站驗(yàn)票、簽證、退票等各項(xiàng)作業(yè)的總稱(chēng)。IIThefunctionandclassificationofthestation1Railwaytransportproductionprocess:departure→

runontheway→arrival.2Stationbusiness1)Freighttransportationbusiness:Generalacceptance,shipping,loadingandunloading,storage,deliveryandotheroperationsofthefreightstationforthetransportofgoods.

2)Passengertransportbusiness:Thestationforpassengersforpassengertransportticket,stop,waitingforthetrainandgetoff,ticketinspection,visa,refundandotheractivities.

③運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù)：分行車(chē)和調(diào)車(chē)兩部分。調(diào)車(chē)：解體、編組、摘車(chē)、掛車(chē)、取車(chē)、送車(chē)、等各項(xiàng)作業(yè)的總稱(chēng)。3、車(chē)站的作用①對(duì)外，是鐵路的窗口，與旅客、貨主辦理各項(xiàng)客貨運(yùn)輸業(yè)務(wù)。②對(duì)內(nèi)，是鐵路運(yùn)輸生產(chǎn)基地。辦理除列車(chē)在區(qū)間運(yùn)行以外的各項(xiàng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)作業(yè)。3)Runningbusiness:Sub-trafficandshuntingThegeneraltermofshunting:Disintegration,grouping,pick,trailer,takethecar,sendthecarandotheroperations.3StationfunctionExternalfunction:thewindowtotheoutside,todealwithtransportationofpassengersandcargotransportbusiness.Internalfunction:istheproductionbaseofrailwaytransport.Todealwithotheroperationsexcepttherunningofthetrainintheinterval.

4、車(chē)站的分類(lèi)①按業(yè)務(wù)性質(zhì)分類(lèi)（對(duì)外）客運(yùn)站——設(shè)于鐵路樞紐內(nèi)，專(zhuān)門(mén)辦理客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)的車(chē)站；貨運(yùn)站——設(shè)于鐵路樞紐內(nèi)，專(zhuān)門(mén)辦理貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)的車(chē)站，包括工業(yè)站、港口站、危險(xiǎn)貨物車(chē)站等專(zhuān)業(yè)性車(chē)站；客貨運(yùn)站——既辦理客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)，又辦理貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)的綜合性車(chē)站。4Classificationofstations1)Accordingtothebusinessnatureoftheclassification(external)Passengerstation-locatedintherailwayhub,thestationdedicatedtothepassengertransportbusiness;Freightstation-locatedintherailwayhub,dedicatedtohandlingfreightstations,includingindustrialstations,portstations,dangerousgoodsstationsandotherprofessionalstations;Passengerandfreightstation---Notonlyforthepassengerbusiness,butalsoforthecomprehensivefreightbusinessstation.

②按作業(yè)性質(zhì)分類(lèi)（對(duì)內(nèi)）中間站——設(shè)于區(qū)段內(nèi)，主要辦理列車(chē)的會(huì)讓、越行、通過(guò)作業(yè)的車(chē)站；區(qū)段站——設(shè)于區(qū)段的分界點(diǎn)，主要辦理列車(chē)的無(wú)調(diào)中轉(zhuǎn)作業(yè)；（技術(shù)站）編組站——設(shè)于區(qū)段分界點(diǎn)或樞紐內(nèi)，大量辦理列車(chē)的中轉(zhuǎn)作業(yè)（包括有調(diào)和無(wú)調(diào)）。③按車(chē)站擔(dān)負(fù)的任務(wù)量、在鐵路網(wǎng)中的地位分：特、一、二、三、四、五等站。2）Classificationaccordingtothenatureofoperations(internal):Intermediatestation-locatedinthesection,mainlydealingwiththepassingevents,trainovertaking,andtrainpassing;Sectionstation-thedemarcationpointofthesection,themainprocessingofthetransferofthetrainoperation;(TechnicalStation)Themarshalingstation,whichislocatedinthedemarcationpointorthejunctionofthesector,dealingwithalargenumberoftransferoperationsforthetrain(includingtheadjustmentandadjustment).3）Accordingtotheamountoftasksandthestatusoftherailwaynetwork,stationscanbedividedintoprincipalstation,thefirstclassstation,thesecondclassstation,thethirdstation,thefourthstation,andthefifthstation.

鐵路區(qū)段：相鄰兩個(gè)技術(shù)站之間的鐵路線(xiàn)路。鐵路樞紐：大城市或大工業(yè)區(qū)附近，幾條鐵路線(xiàn)路交匯處，有多個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)性車(chē)站及其連接的聯(lián)絡(luò)線(xiàn)、線(xiàn)路所、專(zhuān)用線(xiàn)等技術(shù)設(shè)備組成的辦理各項(xiàng)鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)務(wù)的中心。Railwaysection:Arailwaylinebetweentwoadjacentstations.Railwayjunction:Nearthebigcityorlargeindustrialzones,severalrailwaylinesinterchange,thereareanumberofprofessionalstationsandtherailwaytransportservicecenterwhichiscomposedofthecontactline,connectinglines,speciallinesandothertechnicalequipment.三、車(chē)站股道、道岔編號(hào)及股道有效長(zhǎng)1、主要股道（即車(chē)站線(xiàn)路種類(lèi)）正線(xiàn)（不屬于站線(xiàn)）——直接連通區(qū)間線(xiàn)路，與區(qū)間線(xiàn)路統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為正線(xiàn)。區(qū)間部分稱(chēng)為區(qū)間正線(xiàn)，站內(nèi)部分稱(chēng)為站內(nèi)正線(xiàn)。到發(fā)線(xiàn)——專(zhuān)門(mén)辦理列車(chē)到、發(fā)作業(yè)的線(xiàn)路；調(diào)車(chē)線(xiàn)——供車(chē)列解體、編組并存放車(chē)輛的線(xiàn)路；牽出線(xiàn)——供列車(chē)解體、編組及轉(zhuǎn)線(xiàn)等牽出使用的線(xiàn)路；貨物線(xiàn)——專(zhuān)門(mén)辦理貨物裝、卸車(chē)作業(yè)的線(xiàn)路；大站設(shè)于貨場(chǎng)內(nèi)。IIIStationtrack,turnoutnumber,andtheeffectivelengthofstationtrack1Themaintrack(i.e.stationlinetype)Themainline(donotbelongtothestation)-Directlyconnectsintervallines,Togetherwiththeintervallinereferredtoasthemainline.Intervalpartiscalledtheintervalline;theintra-stationpartiscalledintra-stationline.Arrivalanddeparturelines:lineisspecificallyusedfortrainarrivalanddeparture;Shuntingline:linefortraindisintegration,marshalingandvehiclestorage;Draw-outtrack:linefortraindisintegration,groupingandshunting;Cargoline:lineforcargoloadingandunloadingoperations;largestationislocatedintheyard.

機(jī)車(chē)走行線(xiàn)、檢修線(xiàn)、禁溜線(xiàn)等。以上屬站線(xiàn)范圍段管線(xiàn)——各段專(zhuān)用并由其管理的線(xiàn)路。岔線(xiàn)——在區(qū)間或站內(nèi)接軌，通向路內(nèi)外單位的專(zhuān)用線(xiàn)路。特殊用途線(xiàn)——為保證行車(chē)安全而設(shè)置的安全線(xiàn)和避難線(xiàn)。Therearelocomotiverunningline,maintenanceline,forbiddensliplines.Theabovebelongtotherangeofstationline.Sectionline:eachsectionisinchargeofthededicatedline.Forkline:alineisintheintervalorinthestation,leadingtotheroadinsideandoutsidetheunitdedicatedline.Specialpurposelines:safetylinesandevacuationlinesforsafedriving.

2、股道編號(hào)：正線(xiàn)用羅馬數(shù)字，站線(xiàn)用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。（1）單線(xiàn)鐵路車(chē)站股道編號(hào)：有靠近站舍的股道開(kāi)始順序編號(hào)。（2）雙線(xiàn)鐵路車(chē)站股道編號(hào)：分別從兩條正線(xiàn)依次向外編號(hào)，下行正線(xiàn)一側(cè)用單數(shù)，上行正線(xiàn)一側(cè)用雙數(shù)。Tracknumber:TheRomannumeralsareforthemainlineandtheArabicnumeralsareforthestationline.1)Singlerailwaystationtracknumber:tracknearthetrainstation

startssequencenumber.(2)Doublelinerailwaystationtracknumber:setcoderespectivelyfromtwomainlines,downsideusessingular,upwardlineusesdoubleside.ThroughpassengerstationStubendpassengerstationSchematicdiagramofpassengerstation1Stationbuilding2Overlinebridge3Platform4Machineline5leavingpassengertrainserviceyard

3、道岔編號(hào)：用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字編號(hào)。原則：由外而內(nèi)，先主后次，依次編號(hào)，下行列車(chē)到達(dá)一端用單數(shù)，上行列車(chē)到達(dá)一端用雙數(shù)。注意：（1）股道和道岔編號(hào)的作用是方便股道、道岔的使用和管理；（2）一個(gè)車(chē)站的每股道、每個(gè)道岔的編號(hào)必須是獨(dú)立的，即不得有相同的編號(hào)。3Turnoutnumber:Arabiadigitalcode.Principle:fromoutsidetoinside,thefirstisafterthesecond,followedbynumbers;downtrainusesanoddnumberwhenitreachesoneend,uptrainusesanevennumberwhenitreachesoneend.Notice:1)Theroleoftrackandswitchnumberisforconvenientuseandmanagementoftrackandturnout;(2)Thenumberoftracksandpointsforeachstationmustbeindependent,thatis,thereshallnotbethesamenumber.

ThroatfigureofKstationswitchyardFreightyard

4、股道全長(zhǎng)及有效長(zhǎng)（1）股道全長(zhǎng)——線(xiàn)路一端的道岔基本軌接頭到另一端的道岔基本軌接頭的長(zhǎng)度。如為盡頭式線(xiàn)路，則為道岔基本軌接頭至車(chē)擋的長(zhǎng)度。站內(nèi)正線(xiàn)不另計(jì)全長(zhǎng)。確定線(xiàn)路全長(zhǎng)，主要是為了設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)便于估計(jì)造價(jià)，比較設(shè)計(jì)方案。

（2）股道有效長(zhǎng)——線(xiàn)路全長(zhǎng)范圍內(nèi)可以停留機(jī)車(chē)車(chē)輛，而不妨礙鄰線(xiàn)正常行車(chē)部分的長(zhǎng)度。4Tracklengthandeffectivelength①Tracklength:thelengthwhichisfromturnoutbasicrailjointofthelineendtothatoftheotherendoftheline.Instub-endlineit’sthelengthfromthebasicrailjointtothevehiclegear.Thefulllengthofthelinedoesn’tcountmainline.Confirmingthelinelengthismainlytofacilitatethedesignoftheestimatedcost,comparethedesigns.②

Effectivelengthoftrack:Locomotivevehiclescanstayinthelengthofthewholelinewithouthinderingtothenormalpartofthelengthoftheadjacentline.

股道有效長(zhǎng)的確定因素：①警沖標(biāo)；②出站信號(hào)機(jī)或調(diào)車(chē)信號(hào)機(jī)；③道岔的尖軌尖端（無(wú)軌道電路時(shí)）或道岔基本軌接頭處的鋼軌絕緣（有軌道電路時(shí)；）④車(chē)擋（盡頭線(xiàn)路時(shí)）；設(shè)計(jì)線(xiàn)路有效長(zhǎng)，主要根據(jù)線(xiàn)路作業(yè)量、用途及其連接形式而定。Factorsdeterminetheeffectivelengthoftrack:1)Warningmark;2)Theoutboundsignalortheshuntingsignal;3)Thetipoftherailturnout(notrackcircuit)orrailjointinsulationofbasicrailjoint(trackcircuit;)4)Thecarbumper(endline);5)Thedesignedcircuitiseffective,whichismainlybasedonthelineoperationanditsconnectionform.

Confirmationofeffectiveline

length

我國(guó)貨物列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)有1050、850、750、650、550m等幾種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有效長(zhǎng)。開(kāi)行重載列車(chē)為主的鐵路可采用大于1050m的到發(fā)線(xiàn)有效長(zhǎng)度。一個(gè)車(chē)站的每一條到發(fā)線(xiàn)的有效長(zhǎng)必須大于或等于規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有效長(zhǎng)。China'sfreighttrain'sarrivalanddepartureline

includes1050,850,750,650,550mandotherstandardeffectivelength.Railwaylinewithheavyhaultrainsmainlyusesarrivalanddeparturelinewhichismorethan1050m.Theeffectivelengthofeachstation'sarrivalanddeparturelinemustbegreaterthanorequaltothespecifiedstandardeffectivelength.

第二節(jié)中間站一、中間站的作用保證行車(chē)安全，提高鐵路區(qū)段通過(guò)能力，為沿線(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)的客、貨運(yùn)服務(wù)。一個(gè)區(qū)間一般情況下，只允許運(yùn)行一個(gè)列車(chē)。設(shè)置中間站即可縮短區(qū)間長(zhǎng)度，增加區(qū)間數(shù)量，即增加了運(yùn)行的列車(chē)數(shù)量。

二、中間站的主要任務(wù)調(diào)整列車(chē)運(yùn)行，辦理列車(chē)的通過(guò)、會(huì)讓、越行和客貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)。ITheroleofintermediatestationsItistoensuretrafficsafety,improvethecapacityoftherailwaysection,alongtheurbanandruralpassengerandfreightservices.Asectionundernormalcircumstances,onlyallowtheoperationofatrain.Settheintermediatestationtoshortentheintervallength,increasethenumberofintervals,whichincreasedthenumberoftrainsrunning.IIMaintaskoftheintermediatestationAdjustthetrainrunning,dealwithtraintransmitting,overtaking,yielding,andpassengerandfreightbusiness.4.2Intermediatestations

三、中間站的作業(yè)1、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù)：接發(fā)列車(chē)及放行通過(guò)列車(chē)作業(yè)（主要作業(yè)），車(chē)輛的摘掛作業(yè)和貨場(chǎng)、專(zhuān)用線(xiàn)取送車(chē)作業(yè)。2、客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)：旅客乘降和行包的承運(yùn)、保管、交付；3、貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)：貨物的承運(yùn)、裝卸、保管與交付。IIITheintermediatestationoperation

1Transmittingbusiness:receivingtrainsandreleasingthroughtrains(mainoperations),pickupoperationofvehicleanddeliveryvehicleoperationoffreightyardandspecial-purposeline

2Passengertransportbusiness:passengersboardingalightingandcarriage,insurance,deliveryofpackage

3Freightbusiness:thecarriage,handling,storageanddeliveryofgoods.

四、中間站的設(shè)備1、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備：列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)、貨物裝卸線(xiàn)、牽出線(xiàn)和調(diào)車(chē)線(xiàn)等；2、客運(yùn)設(shè)備：為旅客服務(wù)的站房、站臺(tái)、站臺(tái)間的跨越設(shè)備（一般為平過(guò)道）和雨棚等；3、貨運(yùn)設(shè)備：為貨運(yùn)服務(wù)的貨物站臺(tái)、倉(cāng)庫(kù)、雨棚、堆放場(chǎng)、裝卸機(jī)械及辦公房屋等；4、信號(hào)及通信設(shè)備等。IVIntermediatestationequipment

1Transmittingequipment:arrivalanddeparturelines,cargoloadingandunloadinglines,pull-outlinesandshuntinglines;

2Passengerequipment:thestation,platform,platformacrossequipment(usuallyflataisle)andcanopyforpassengerservices;

3Freightequipment:cargoplatforms,warehouses,canopy,stackingyards,loadingandunloadingmachineryandofficehousesforfreightservices;

4Signalandcommunicationequipment.

五、會(huì)讓站和越行站設(shè)于偏僻地區(qū)，專(zhuān)門(mén)用來(lái)提高線(xiàn)路通過(guò)能力而設(shè)置的車(chē)站。1、會(huì)讓站：設(shè)于單線(xiàn)鐵路上，主要辦理列車(chē)的到發(fā)和會(huì)讓及越行，也可辦理少量的客貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)。2、越行站：設(shè)于雙線(xiàn)鐵路上，主要辦理同方向列車(chē)的越行業(yè)務(wù)。VYieldingstationandovertakingstation

Locatedinremoteareas,theyaredesignedtoimprovethelinethroughcapacity.

1Yieldingstation:locatedinsingle-trackrailway,themainprocessingcontentistodealwiththearrival,departure,yieldingandovertakingofthetrain,anddealwithsmallamountofpassengerandfreightbusinessaswell.

2Overtakingstation:locatedinthetwo-lanerailway,itmainlydealswithovertakingbusinessofthetraininthesamedirection.

第三節(jié)區(qū)段站——鐵路網(wǎng)上牽引區(qū)段的分界點(diǎn)。主要任務(wù)：為鄰接的鐵路區(qū)段供應(yīng)機(jī)車(chē)及更換乘務(wù)組；為無(wú)改編中轉(zhuǎn)貨物列車(chē)辦理規(guī)定的技術(shù)作業(yè)；辦理一定數(shù)量的貨物列車(chē)解、編作業(yè)及客貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)。4.3SectionstationThecut-offpointofrailwaytraction.Mainmissions:

Supplylocomotivesandreplacementofcrewsforadjacentsections

Providetechnicaloperationsfortheunregulatedtransittrainaccordingtotheprovisions;

Handleacertainnumberofgoodstrainsolution,compilationandpassengerandcargobusiness.

鐵路主要貨物列車(chē)種類(lèi)：始發(fā)直達(dá)列車(chē)技術(shù)直達(dá)列車(chē)直通列車(chē)區(qū)段列車(chē)沿零摘掛列車(chē)小運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)列車(chē)Maintypesofrailwayfreighttrain:ThroughtrainoriginatedfromoneloadingpointTechnologydirecttrainThroughtrainSectiontrainDistrictlocaltrainSmalloperatingtrain

一、區(qū)段站的作業(yè)1、客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)：項(xiàng)目與中間站基本相同，作業(yè)量較大。2、貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)：項(xiàng)目與中間站基本相同，作業(yè)量較大。3、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù)（1）客運(yùn)列車(chē)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù)：旅客列車(chē)的接發(fā)及管內(nèi)和市郊旅客列車(chē)的始發(fā)、終到作業(yè)。（2）貨運(yùn)列車(chē)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù)：大量的無(wú)調(diào)中轉(zhuǎn)列車(chē)作業(yè)（主要是接發(fā)列車(chē)作業(yè)）；列車(chē)的解體、編組作業(yè)；向貨場(chǎng)、專(zhuān)用線(xiàn)、專(zhuān)用鐵道取送車(chē)作業(yè)。ISectionstationoperations

1Passengerbusiness:theprojectisbasicallythesamewiththeintermediatestationwithalargeramountofwork.

2Freightbusiness:theprojectisbasicallythesamewiththeintermediatestationwithalargeramountofwork.

3Transmittingbusiness

(1)Passengertrainoperations:Passengertrainreceiving,andthedepartureandarrivalofpassengertrainsinandoutofthecity.(2)Freighttrainoperation:alargenumberofunregulatedtransittrainoperations(mainlyarrivalanddepartureoftrainsoperations);traindisintegration,marshalingoperations;deliveryvehicleoperationsofthefreightyard,speciallines,specialrailway

4、機(jī)務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)：機(jī)車(chē)的運(yùn)用、檢修和整備作業(yè)和機(jī)車(chē)掛運(yùn)與換掛。5、車(chē)輛業(yè)務(wù)：列車(chē)中車(chē)輛的技術(shù)檢查和車(chē)輛的檢修作業(yè)。4Maintenanceservice:Theapplicationandmaintenanceoflocomotiveandlocomotiveservicingandtransportationandhanging.5Vehicleoperations:technicalinspectionofvehiclesinthetrainandvehiclemaintenanceoperations.

二、區(qū)段站的設(shè)備1、客運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)設(shè)備：項(xiàng)目與中間站相同，規(guī)模較大，跨線(xiàn)設(shè)備可設(shè)天橋或地道。2、貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)設(shè)備：貨場(chǎng)及貨場(chǎng)內(nèi)貨物裝卸線(xiàn)、貨物站臺(tái)、雨棚、倉(cāng)庫(kù)、裝卸機(jī)械等。3、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備：旅客列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)、貨物列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)、駝峰、調(diào)車(chē)場(chǎng)、牽出線(xiàn)等。4、機(jī)務(wù)設(shè)備：機(jī)務(wù)段或折返段（屬于機(jī)務(wù)部門(mén)設(shè)置，為運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)服務(wù)）；5、車(chē)輛設(shè)備：站修所和列檢所，個(gè)別區(qū)段站設(shè)有車(chē)輛段（均屬車(chē)輛部門(mén)設(shè)置，為運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)服務(wù)）。6、工務(wù)、電務(wù)、給水及建筑設(shè)備等IISectionstationequipment

1Passengerbusinessequipment:theprojectisthesamewithintermediatestationwithalargerscale;cross-lineequipmentcanbelocatedoverpassortunnel.

2Freightbusinessequipment:freightyardhandlinglines,cargoplatform,canopy,storage,handlingmachinery.

3Transmittingequipment:departureandarrivallineofpassengerandfreighttrain,hump,shuntingyard,pull-outlineandsoon.

4Maintenanceequipment:Locomotivedepotorreentrantdepot(belongingtothemaintenancedepartmentsetuptransmittingservices);

5Vehicleequipment:stationrepairandinspectionInstitute,somesectionsaresetwiththedepot(thevehiclesectorsetsfortransmittingservices).

6Publicworks,electricity,watersupplyandconstructionequipment

upstreamCargoyardStationcircuitdiagramKstation134-departureandarrivallineII-Mainline5678-shuntingline910-repairtrackinstation1113-leadtrack12–cargoline機(jī)1–Locomotiverunningline機(jī)2、機(jī)3–servicingsiding機(jī)4–Oilunloadingline

三、區(qū)段站布置圖（一）設(shè)備配置的基本原則（方便業(yè)務(wù)、減少干擾、縮短行程、增加平行作業(yè)進(jìn)路）1、客運(yùn)站舍及基本站臺(tái)應(yīng)設(shè)于城鎮(zhèn)一側(cè)；旅客列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)應(yīng)盡量靠近站舍和正線(xiàn)。以便于客流組織和旅客列車(chē)的到發(fā)。2、貨物列車(chē)到發(fā)場(chǎng)緊靠旅客列車(chē)到發(fā)線(xiàn)。3、調(diào)車(chē)場(chǎng)應(yīng)緊靠到發(fā)場(chǎng)，以縮短車(chē)列轉(zhuǎn)線(xiàn)的行程，減少與其他作業(yè)的干擾。IIISectionstationlayout1Thebasicprinciplesofequipmentconfiguration(tofacilitatebusiness,reduceinterference,shortentheitinerary,increasetheparalleloperationsapproach)

1)Passengerstationandthebasicplatformshouldbelocatedinthetownside;thedepartureandarrivallineofpassengertrainshouldbeclosetothestationhouseandthemainlineinordertofacilitatethearrivalofpassengerfloworganizationandpassengertrain.

2)Thedepartureandarrivallineoffreighttraintothehairfieldshouldbeclosetothedepartureandarrivallineofpassengertrain3)Shuntingyardshouldbeclosetothedepartureandarrivalfieldinordertoshortenthetrainlinetriptoreducetheinterferencewithotheroperations.

4、機(jī)務(wù)段設(shè)于到發(fā)場(chǎng)的某一端，以縮短機(jī)車(chē)出入段的行程。5、貨場(chǎng)應(yīng)盡量設(shè)于城鎮(zhèn)的同側(cè)，并靠近調(diào)車(chē)場(chǎng)，以利于貨主搬運(yùn)貨物，并盡量方便貨物作業(yè)車(chē)的取送。6、站修所或車(chē)輛段設(shè)于調(diào)車(chē)場(chǎng)附近，以縮短檢修車(chē)的行程。4)Thelocomotivedepotislocatedinoneendofthefieldtoshortenthelocomotivetrip.

5)Theyardshouldbelocatedinthesamesideofthetown,andclosetotheyardinordertofacilitatetheownertocarrythegoods,andtofacilitatethedeliveryofgoods.

6)Stationrepairordepotshouldbelocatedclosetotheshuntingyardtoshortenthemaintenancetrip.

（二）區(qū)段站的基本布置圖按各車(chē)場(chǎng)位置關(guān)系歸納為：橫列式：上下行貨物列車(chē)到發(fā)場(chǎng)為橫向排列?？v列式：上下兩個(gè)到發(fā)場(chǎng)分設(shè)在正線(xiàn)兩側(cè)并縱向完全錯(cuò)開(kāi)?？拓浛v列式：將旅客運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備與貨物運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備沿正線(xiàn)順列布置。IIBasiclayoutofsection

stationAccordingtothelocationrelationshipbetweenthedepots:Horizontaltype:upanddowngoodstraintothedepartureandarrivalfieldinthehorizontalarrangement.Longitudinaltype:upanddowndepartureandarrivalfieldsarelocatedonbothsidesofthemainlineandverticallycompletelystaggered.Passengerandfreightlongitudinaltype:thepassengerandcargotransmittingequipmentarearrangedinsequencealongthemainline.

第四節(jié)編組站編組站是指在鐵路網(wǎng)上辦理大量貨物列車(chē)解體、編組作業(yè)，并為此設(shè)有比較完善的調(diào)車(chē)設(shè)備的車(chē)站。一、編組站的主要任務(wù)1、解體和編組各種類(lèi)型的貨物列車(chē)（主要任務(wù)，編組站有貨物列車(chē)制造工廠之稱(chēng)）；2、開(kāi)行小運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)列車(chē)，組織和取送本地區(qū)的車(chē)流；3、客貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)；4、向各連接的區(qū)段供應(yīng)列車(chē)動(dòng)力；5、車(chē)輛的檢修。Themarshalingstationistohandlealargenumberofgoodsinrailwaynetworktraindisintegration,marshalingoperation,whichhasrelativelyperfectshuntingequipment.I.MaintasksofMarshalingStation1Disintegrationandmarshalingofvarioustypesofcargotrains(Maintask:themarshalingstationcanalsobecalledasthegoodstrainmanufacturingplant)2Theoperationofasmalloperationofthetrain,theorganizationandaccesstotheareaoftraffic.3Passengerandfreightbusiness4Supplytraindynamicstoallconnectedsegments5Vehiclemaintenance5.4MarshallingStation

downShuntingfieldDeparturefieldArrivalfieldLocomotivedepotArrivalanddeparturefield

二、編組站的主要作業(yè)1、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù)①列車(chē)到達(dá)作業(yè)；②列車(chē)解體作業(yè)；③列車(chē)編組作業(yè)；④列車(chē)出發(fā)作業(yè)；⑤向貨場(chǎng)、專(zhuān)用線(xiàn)、專(zhuān)用鐵道取送車(chē)輛。（主要作業(yè)）2、客貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)（專(zhuān)業(yè)性編組站不辦理該項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)）3、機(jī)務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)4、車(chē)輛業(yè)務(wù)II.MainoperationofMarshalingStation1Runningbusiness1)Trainarrivaloperation2)Traindisintegrationoperation3)Trainformationoperation4)TrainStartingoperation2Deliveryvehiclestotheyard,specialline,specialrailway3Passengerandfreightbusiness(Professionalmarshalingstationdoesnot

handlethebusiness)

4Maintenanceservice

5Vehiclebusiness

三、編組站的主要設(shè)備1、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備（1）調(diào)車(chē)設(shè)備：調(diào)車(chē)駝峰、編組場(chǎng)、牽出線(xiàn)，這是編組站的核心設(shè)備；（2）行車(chē)設(shè)備：貨物列車(chē)出發(fā)場(chǎng)、到達(dá)場(chǎng)、到發(fā)場(chǎng)；2、客貨運(yùn)設(shè)備3、機(jī)務(wù)設(shè)備：一般在編組站均設(shè)有大型機(jī)務(wù)段；4、車(chē)輛設(shè)備：一般均設(shè)有車(chē)輛段及其派出的列檢所、站修所。III.MainequipmentofMarshalingStation

1OperatingequipmentShuntingequipment:shuntinghump,marshalingyard,holdoutlet,thisisthecoreequipmentofmarshalingstationDrivingequipment:freighttraindeparture,arrivalfield,departureandarrivalline2Passengerandfreighttransportequipment3Maintenanceequipment:Generallythereisalargedepotinmarshalingstation4Vehicleequipment:ingeneral,itisprovidedwithavehiclesectionandalistofinspectionstations.

四、編組站布置圖及分類(lèi)1、編組站分類(lèi)方法（1）按改編系統(tǒng)數(shù)分為：?jiǎn)蜗蚓幗M站、雙向編組站；（2）按各車(chē)場(chǎng)間的排列方式分為：

橫列式：上下行到發(fā)場(chǎng)與調(diào)車(chē)場(chǎng)橫向排列；

混合式：主要車(chē)場(chǎng)（D、B）縱向排列，部分車(chē)場(chǎng)橫向排列；

縱列式：D、B、F為順向排列?！皫准?jí)幾場(chǎng)”：“級(jí)”指車(chē)場(chǎng)排列形式，“場(chǎng)”指車(chē)場(chǎng)。IVLayoutandclassificationofmarshalingstation1Classificationmethodsofmarshalingstation①Accordingtothenumberofadaptationsystem,itisdividedintotwotypes:one-waymarshalingstation,two-