2025年高考英語易錯題：閱讀理解：詞義猜測題（4大陷阱）（含答案）

備戰(zhàn)2025年高考英語易錯題（新高考專用）易錯點(diǎn)16

閱讀理解：詞義猜測題（4大陷阱）-備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英

語考試易錯題含答案易錯點(diǎn)16閱讀理解詞義猜測

題

目錄

01易錯陷阱（3大陷阱）

02舉一反三

【易錯點(diǎn)提醒一】詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)

【易錯點(diǎn)提醒二】代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)

［易錯點(diǎn)提醒三】句意猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)

03易錯題通關(guān)

苣三

易錯陷阱1:詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)。

【分析】

這類題錯誤主要因?yàn)榛A(chǔ)詞匯量積累和詞根詞綴積累不足，根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜詞是閱讀理解必

不可少的能力。平時應(yīng)當(dāng)大量積累單詞，同時利用前后的同位關(guān)系或后面的詞義或句意進(jìn)行猜

測。

易錯陷阱2：代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)。

【分析】閱讀材料中的每個詞與它前面的詞語或句子甚至段落都有著密切的關(guān)聯(lián)。有時代詞與

指代的對象相隔較遠(yuǎn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)對前面提到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，認(rèn)真查找，才能得出代詞所指代的事。

易錯陷阱3：句意猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)。

【分析】此類題型應(yīng)當(dāng)定位畫線句子，充分利用語法和邏輯關(guān)系分析原句。同時分析理解畫線

句前后的語境，合理歸納總結(jié)找出與原句意思相同的選項(xiàng)并代入畫線處驗(yàn)證。切不可因?yàn)榫渲?/p>

出現(xiàn)熟詞，而脫離語境，望文生義。

【易錯點(diǎn)提醒一】詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)

【例1】（湖南省常德市臨澧一中2023-2024學(xué)年高三階段試題）

SheprogrammedanIBM7030Stretchcomputer,providingfastercalculationsforanaccurate

Earthmodel.ThisdetailedmathematicalmodeloftheshapeoftheEarthwasabuildingblockfor

whatwouldbecometheGPSorbit.

Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“abuildingblock^^inparagraph5mean?

A.Abasicpart.B.Adetailedmap.

C.Abuildingmaterial.D.Amajorobstacle.

【變式11（吉林省長春市第二實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）

Alistenerwhoseheadisinsome“sweetspot“hearshigh-qualitysound.Butasonegelsfarther

fromthesweetspot,thesounddiminishes.Thafsbecausesoundwavesfromdifferentloudspeakers

interacttocancelouteachother,ssound.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminishes“inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Becomeslower.B.Travelsfaster.

C.Getssweeter.D.Soundsnicer.

【變式2］（湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三聯(lián)合測評試題）

Actually,untilherpregnancyQuarleshadbeenlivingatbreakneckspeed.Itwentsountillast

year."Iwasexhausted/5shesays."I'dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.I

wasafraidmymentalhealthwasgettingworse."

Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"breakneck“underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Safeandslow.B.Fastanddangerous.

C.Excitingandterrifying.D.Gentleandcomfortable.

【變式3】（廣東省揭陽市普寧市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）

Inearly2021,Ihitarutinmystudies.AsadoctoralcandidateattheUniversityofChicagoin

Illinois,Iworkedtodesignsafer,moreeffectivematerialsforvaccinedelivery.AlthoughIhadbeen

productiveearlyinmygraduatecareer,mylonghoursandhardworkwerenolongertranslatinginto

successinthelaboratory,andIfelthopelessaboutachievingmygoals.Somethinghadtochange.

Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"hitarut“inparagraph1mean?

A.Stoppedprogressingsmoothly.B.Hadveryslowreactions.

C.Acceptedhardwork'svalue.D.Overcameabigproblem.

【易錯點(diǎn)提醒二】代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)

【例2］（安徽省皖江名校聯(lián)盟2023年高三聯(lián)考）

Thecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbringanurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingthe

Africancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsof

carbon.TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekey

tosuccess.t4TheGreatGreenWall...isaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopment

aidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,“saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnion

CommissionerfbrtheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.46Butthistimetheyidentify.This

istheverythingofus!^

Whatdoes"us"underlinedinParagraph3referto?

A.AfricanUnions.B.Alladvocates.C.Landowners.D.AllAfricans.

【變式2］（湖南省常德市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）

RegulatorylimitsforhowmuchPFASfoodpackagingshouldcontaincanvarygreatly.For

instance,anewlawinCaliforniasetthelimitatlessthan100ppm."'ComparedtoAmerica,Denmark

setsamuchlowerregulatorylimitof20ppmwithgreatsuccess,9,saidXeniaTrier,anexpertatthe

EuropeanEnvironmentAgency.taItdoesworktosetlimitsandenforcethem.PFASdomigratefrom

thepaperintothefood.Eventhoughitwasnot100%,westillsawconsiderabletransmission.In

general,transmissionfrompackagingtofoodisincreasedasthetemperatureofthefoodrises.Itisthe

samewiththetimespentinwrappingmaterials.9,TriertoldNBS,oneofthemajorAmerican

mass-mediacompanies.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"refertoinparagraph4?

A.Considerablemigrationofgreaseandwater.

B.PFAStransmissionfrompackagingtofood.

C.Wrapperexposuretohighfoodtemperature.

D.Regulatorylimitsconcerningfoodpackaging.

【變式3］（2023年全國高三專項(xiàng)練習(xí)）

Attheendofeachday,theparticipantsshowedhighactivityinabrainareacalledthemidbrain.

Thescientistswereinterestedintwo,smallareaswithinit.Bothareasproducedopamine,achemical

thatisimportantincravingandrewards.Thetwoareasactivatedwhenhungryparticipantssaw

picturesoftastypizzaorjuicyhamburgers.Afterthevolunteershadbeenisolated,thosebrainareas

becameactivewhentheysawsocialactivitiestheymissed.Itmightbeplayingsportsorchattingwith

friends.

Whatdoestheunderlined"it"inparagraph3referto?

A.Amidbrainarea.B.Asocialactivity.C.Avolunteer.D.Ahamburger.

【易錯點(diǎn)提醒三】句意猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)

【例3】（山東省曲阜師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年質(zhì)量檢測）

Realrichesconsistofwell-developedandheartycapacities（能力）toenjoylife.Mostpeopleare

alreadyswamped（淹沒）withthings.Theyeat,wear,goandtalktoomuch.Theyliveintoobiga

housewithtoomanyrooms,yettheirhouseoflifeisahut.

Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphprobablyimpliesthat.

A.howevermateriallyrich,theyneverseemtobesatisfied

B.howevermateriallyrich,theyremainspirituallypoor

C.thoughtheirhouseisbig,theypreferasimplelife

D,thoughtheirhouseisbig,itseemstobeacage

【變式1】（浙江省名校協(xié)作體2023-2024學(xué)年高三適應(yīng)性試題）

Lastyear,afterawinterofpracticingskiingonthegreentracksforbeginnerseachweek,Alicia

wasfrench-fryingherwaydownbluesandevenattemptedherfirstblack.Thatmonthalsowitnessed

mevisitingthemountainmoretimesthaninthe15yearscombinedandI'vegotmyselfnpartnerfor

life.

Whatdoesthefatherimplybysaying'Tvagotmyselfapartnerforlifb."?

A.Itisrewardingtolearnnewskills.B.Skiinghasbecomehislifelonghobby.

C.Hewillexploremorewithhisdaughter.D.Hisdaughterwillaccompanyhimforever.

【變式2］（2022年全國高三專練）

Whenyouneedajobverymuch,youmayenduptaking

Ofcourse,youmayseektasksandresponsibilitiesthatforceyoutolearnsomethingneworto

workharder."Youmaybeoperatingonautopilot（習(xí),慣f生地）rightnow,butchancesarethatpeople

aboveyouarestressed,SarahHathornsays.64Takethingsoffyourboss'splateandlethimknow

whichprojectsortasksyouwanttolearnmoreabout.9,

Theunderlinedwords"takethingsoffyourboss'splate"mean.

A.drawyourboss'sattentionB.shareyourboss'sburdens

C,giveyourbossusefuladviceD.askyourbossforabetterposition

【變式3］（2022?湖北孝感高三模擬）

AssoonasIstartedpedalingagain,mypantsgotcaughtinthechain,andIfellflatonmyface

andhitmynose.Sincethathappenedtmygranddaddecidedtocallitadayandtryagainthenext

morning.ThenextmorningIwokeupbrightandearly,andwasveryeagertotrytoridemybike.My

nosefeltbetter,soIwasn'tthatafraidoffallinganymore.

Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthepassagemean?

A.Rememberwhathappenedthisday.

B.Maketheauthorfeelhappy.

C.Stoppracticingbicycling.

D.Goontorideabike.

1.（2023年全國甲卷）

TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY（do-it-yourself）.Skilledatputtingupshelves

andpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.

Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand^^inparagraph1?

A.Anartist.B.Awinner.C.Aspecialist.D.Apioneer.

2.（2023年全國乙卷）

Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentally

ordeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthe

losingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralian

Aboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeakto

usnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytold

throughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact（聯(lián)系）betweenliterateand

non-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfof

adialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,but

theobjects.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"conversation“inparagraph3referto?

A.Problem.B.History.C.Voice.D.Society.

3.（2022年新高考I卷）

WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,

said:"'Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelooking

forwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”

LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:"Wearehappytobetakingpartinthe

project.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.^^

Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon“meaninparagraph7?

A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate

4.（湖北省部分學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高三起點(diǎn)試題）

Usingfirst-of-their-kindobservationsfromtheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope,aUniversityof

MinnesotaTwinCities-ledteamlookedmorethan13billionyearsintothepasttodiscoveraunique,

minusculegalaxycluster（星系團(tuán)）thatgeneratednewstarsatanextremelyhighrateforitssize.The

galaxyisoneofthesmallesteverdiscoveredatthisdistance-around500millionyearsaftertheBig

Bang-andcouldhelpastronomerslearnmoreaboutgalaxiesthatwerepresentshortlyafterthe

universecameintoexistence.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“minuscule“inparagraph1mean?

A.Extremelysmall.B.Remarkablydark.

C.Especiallyremote.D.Quitecomplicated.

5.（貴州省六盤水市2023-2024學(xué)年高三診斷性檢測題）

ButOreosdon'tattractyouwithtastealone;scentshaveahugeimpactontheeatingexperience.

WhenyoubiteintoanOreo,chemicalsinthecookiereleaseodorantsintotheairinsideyourmouth.

Thesescentsflowtoyournasalcavity（鼻月空），wheretheyinteractwithsmellreceptors（感受器）and

enteryourbrain'sdecoding（解碼）process.Yourbrainislikelytofindthosesmellsdelightful,says

CharlesSpence,aprofessorofexperimentalpsychologyattheUK'sUniversityofOxford.Spence

sayschocolateandvanillaaretwooftheworld'smostlikedsmells.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inthefourthparagraphreferto?

A.Chocolates.B.Chemicals.C.Cookies.D.Scents.

6.（福建省廈門集美中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三10月試卷）

“Let'stakeabreak/partwaythroughthemeeting,mybossstood,saying.64Ineedmorecoffee.9,I

pickedupmyemptycup."Ido,too,"Isaid,andhandedittohimacrossthetable."Thanks,9,1added,

lookingathimexpectantly.Thebosswasstaggeredforamoment,andthentookthecupfromme.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"staggered“meaninthesixthparagraph?

A.Amused.B.Shocked.

C.Depressed.D.Excited.

7.（安徽省合肥市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三質(zhì)檢試題）

Ifthetestisalreadyset,thebestwaytoprepareforitiswithabatteryofactivitiesthatmost

closelylooklikethetestitself.AndsoastheBigStandardizedTestshavespread,publishershave

crankedoutvarietiesofcoachingworkbooksthatareallcollectionsofshortexcerptsaccompaniedby

asetofmultiplechoicequestions.Insteadofteachingstudentshowtoreadawholebook,weteach

themhowtotakeastandardizedtest.

Whichofthefollowingcanreplacethephrase"crankedouf,inparagraph4?

A.chargedB.canceledC.changedD.Produced

8.（福建省政和縣第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）

Bennett,57,heldonthrough60tomorrows,farlongerthananypreviouspatientwho'dreceiveda

heartfromanotherspecies.Hisremarkablerunofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures,knownas

xenotransplantation（異種移植），couldhelprelievetheshortageofreplacementorgans,saving

thousandsofliveseachyear.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"run"inparagraph2referto?

A.Donatinghishearttoapatient.

B.Performingtheheartoperation.

C.Livingfor60daysaftertheoperation.

D.Receivinganewheartfromapig.

9.（福建省廈門雙十中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三10月試題）

Sincetherewasusuallynotenoughtimeforabystanderpigtobecomeinvolvedintheheatof

aconflict,thoughthisdidoccur,DrNorscialookedatwhathappenedinthethreeminutesimmediately

followingafight.Sometimes,hefound,thefightersreconciledwitheachotherontheirown.Themore

distantlyrelatedthefighterswere,themorefrequentlythishappened.DrNorsciaguessedthat

relationsbetweencloserelativesaremoresecuretostartwith,sorebuildingfriendlyrelationsrapidly

islessnecessaryforthem.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reconciled“probablymeaninparagraph4?

A.Caughtup.B.Keptintouch.C.Madeup.D.Changedintune.

10.（福建省龍巖第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）

Afterrescuingthelonelyanimal,SamandVerafounditextremelyemotionaltohaveto

releaseherbackoutintothewildtofendforherself-eventhoughtheyknewitwastherightthingto

do.Butafterhavingsuchastrongbondwithananimal,itwasreallydifficulttoseehergo.Theyhad

putsomuchtime,effortandenergyintoraisingherbuttoseeherwalkinginaherdofblesboksmade

itallworthwhile.

Whichwordcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword"fbnd"inthelastparagraph?

A.Look.B.Care.

C.Search.D.Hunt.

H.（河北省衡水市第二中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三9月檢測試題）

Inthestudy,theresearcherssoughttounderstandhowthebrainusesthisfollowinginformationto

adjustourperceptionofwhatweinitiallyheard.Todothis,theyconductedaseriesofexperimentsin

whichthesubjectslistenedtoisolatedsyllablesandsimilarlysoundingwords.Theirresultsproduced

threeprimaryfindings:Thebrain,sprimaryauditorycortex（聽覺皮層）issensitivetohowambiguous

aspeechsoundisatjust50millisecondsafterthesound'sappearance.Thebrain“replays“previous

speechsoundswhileinterpretingthefollowingones,suggestingre-evaluationastherestoftheword

unfolds.Thebrainmakescommitmentstoits“bestguess“ofhowtointerpretthesignalafterabout

halfasecond.

Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thesignaF,inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Thepreviousspeechsound.B.Thesimilarlysoundingword.

C.Theunclearlysoundingword.D.Thefollowingspeechsound.

12.（河北省保定市重點(diǎn)高中2023.2024學(xué)年高三試題）

Ifyouareofthe"noregrets95schooloflife,youmaythinkthatallthisregretisarecipefor

unhappiness.Butthatisn'tthecase.Lettingyourselfbeoverwhelmedbyregretisindeedbadforyou.

Butgoingtotheotherextrememaybeevenworse.Toextinguishyourregretsdoesn'tfreeyoufrom

shameorsorrowbutcausesyoutomakethesamemistakesagainandagain.Totrulygetoverourguilt

requiresthatweputregretinitsproperplace.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"extinguish“inparagraph2mean?

A.Admit.B.Destroy.C.Treasure.D.Encounter.

13.（2024屆浙江省紹興市高三上學(xué)期模擬預(yù)測英語試題）

NickVerel,a53-year-oldkidneytransplant（腎臟移植）recipientinOhio,shouldhavebeennear

thetopofthelisttoreceiveaCOVID-19vaccine（疫苗）.Yetlikemillionsofothers,hewasn'thaving

anyluckschedulinganappointment.Nickwouldsitwithcomputersonhislaptryingforhourstobook

anappointmentondifferentsites,whichendedupinvainnomatterhowconcentratedhewas."Ifelt

hopeless,9,Nicksays.

ThenheheardaboutZwinggi,a40-year-oldmotherofthreewhowashelpingtosecure

appointmentsforvulnerableindividualslikeNick.SohemessagedZwinggionFacebook:Canyou

help?Thirty-fiveminuteslater,Zwinggireportedback-Nicksuccessfullyhadanappointmenttoget

thevaccine.

4.Theunderlinedwords"vulnerableindividuals^^inparagraph2refertothose.

A.whoaretoooldtobookanappointment.B.whoneedvaccinebadlywithseriousdisease.

C.whohavelittleexperiencewithcomputers.D.whohavelittlesparetimewithmanykids.

C.AGreatWaytoGettheVaccineD.TheVaccineChaos

14.（2023年高三全國專練）

Toreducecoffeecupwaste,CupClubisalreadyreplacingmillionsoftakeawaycupsintheUK,

whileRecupinGermany,hasperformedadepositsystemthatsimplyaddsasmallextrafeetoany

coffeecupwhichisreturnedtothebuyerafterthecupisdepositedinanyregisteredcollectionpoint.

Whatdoestheword“which“inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Acollectionpoint.B.Adepositsystem.

C.Asmallextrafee.D.Anycoffeecup.

15.（2023年上海高三測試）

Londonresolvedtoliveafull,excitinglife.Heoncesaid,“Iwouldratherbeasuperbmeteor（流

星），everyatomofmeinmagnificentglow,thanasleepyandpermanentplanet."Eachday,hepushed

himself.OnceLondondeterminedthathewasgoingtobeawriter,nothingcouldstophim.Hisgoal

wastowriteatleastonethousandwordseveryday.Herefusedtostopevenwhenhewassick.In

eighteenyears,thewriterpublishedfifty-onebooksandhundredsofarticles.Hewasthebest-selling

andhighest-paidauthorofhisday.Manypeoplealsoconsideredhimtobethebestwriter.WhiteFang

andTheCalloftheWildarehismostfamousstoriesandareaboutsurvivingintheAlaskanwilderness.

ReaderscanenjoyJackLondon'senergyandhistalentfortellingwonderfulstorieseachtimethey

openoneofhisnovels.

TheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphindicatesthatJackLondon.

A.isexpertatuniverse.B.aimshighandstrivetosucceed.

C.isexcitedaboutlifeinthewildness.D.faceachoicebetweenlifeanddeath.

易錯點(diǎn)16閱讀理解詞義猜測題

目錄

01易錯陷阱（3大陷阱）

02舉一反三

【易錯點(diǎn)提醒一】詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)

【易錯點(diǎn)提醒二】代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)

［易錯點(diǎn)提醒三】句意猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)

03易錯題通關(guān)

易錯陷阱1：詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)。

【分析】

這類題錯誤主要因?yàn)榛A(chǔ)詞匯量積累和詞根詞綴積累不足，根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜詞是閱讀理解必

不可少的能力。平時應(yīng)當(dāng)大量積累單詞，同時利用前后的同位關(guān)系或后面的詞義或句意進(jìn)行猜

測。

易錯陷阱2：代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)。

【分析】閱讀材料中的每個詞與它前面的詞語或句子甚至段落都有著密切的關(guān)聯(lián)。有時代詞與

指代的對象相隔較遠(yuǎn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)對前面提到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，認(rèn)真查找，才能得出代詞所指代的事。

易錯陷阱3：句意猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)。

【分析】此類題型應(yīng)當(dāng)定位畫線句子，充分利用語法和邏輯關(guān)系分析原句。同時分析理解畫線

句前后的語境，合理歸納總結(jié)找出與原句意思相同的選項(xiàng)并代入畫線處驗(yàn)證。切不可因?yàn)榫渲?/p>

出現(xiàn)熟詞，而脫離語境，望文生義。

【易錯點(diǎn)提醒一】詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)

【例1】（湖南省常德市臨澧一中2023-2024學(xué)年高三階段試題）

SheprogrammedanIBM7030Stretchcomputer,providingfastercalculationsforanaccurate

Earthmodel.ThisdetailedmathematicalmodeloftheshapeoftheEarthwasabuildingblockfor

whatwouldbecometheGPSorbit.

Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“abuildingblock^^inparagraph5mean?

A.Abasicpart.B.Adetailedmap.

C.Abuildingmaterial.D.Amajorobstacle.

易錯分析:脫離語境，只記得熟詞意思誤選C,應(yīng)根據(jù)for之后句意及上句的意思判斷熟詞生義。

【答案】A

【解析】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句前文“SheprogrammedanIBM7030Stretchcomputer,providing

fastercalculationsforanaccurateEarthmodeL（她編寫了一臺IBM7030Stretch計(jì)算機(jī)，為精確的

地球模型提供了更快的計(jì)算。）”說明這個數(shù)學(xué)模型是GPS的基礎(chǔ)，從而推知劃線詞句”（這個關(guān)

于地球形狀的詳細(xì)數(shù)學(xué)模型是GPS軌道的abuildingblock。戶其中劃線短語應(yīng)為“基石”的意思，

與A項(xiàng)同義。故選A項(xiàng)。

【變式1］（吉林省長春市第二實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）

Alistenerwhoseheadisinsome“sweetspot“hearshigh-qualitysound.Butasonegelsfarther

fromthesweetspot,thesounddiminishes.Thafsbecausesoundwavesfromdifferentloudspeakers

interacttocancelouteachother'ssound.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminishes“inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Becomeslower.B.Travelsfaster.

C.Getssweeter.D.Soundsnicer.

易錯分析：不能看出畫線部分詞根中mini含義“微型，袖珍的”，且未能關(guān)注上句but前后兩句

話之間的轉(zhuǎn)折意義是錯誤主要原因。

【答案】A

【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容以及后句"That'sbecausesoundwavesfromdifferent

loudspeakersinteracttocancelouteachother'ssound.（這是因?yàn)閬碜圆煌瑩P(yáng)聲器的聲波相互作用，

相互抵消對方的聲音）”可知，這種技術(shù)是通過降噪處理消除對別人的干擾，因此推斷劃線句句

意：但當(dāng)你遠(yuǎn)離最佳點(diǎn)時，聲音就會減弱。故判斷該詞義為“聲音變小工故選A。

【變式2］（湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三聯(lián)合測評試題）

Actually,untilherpregnancyQuarleshadbeenlivingatbreakneckspeed.Itwentsountillast

year."Iwasexhausted,shesays."I'dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.I

wasafraidmymentalhealthwasgettingworse.9,

Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“breakneck“underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Safeandslow.B.Fastanddangerous.

C.Excitingandterrifying.D.Gentleandcomfortable.

易錯分析：受break的熟詞詞義影響，脫離語境誤選A。根據(jù)Actually的邏輯轉(zhuǎn)折意義，及下文

引述的話可推知邏輯含義。

【答案】B

【解析1詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段"AliciaQuarleshasherhandsfullthesedays一bothofthem,at

allhoursofthedayandnight.（這些天艾麗西亞?夸爾斯忙得不可開交---無論是白天還是晚上）”

及戈線詞下文“"Iwasexhausted,shesays."I'dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoing

nonstop.Iwasafraidmymentalhealthwasgettingworse."（"我筋疲力盡，"她說。"我一直在做三份

工作，做慈善，不停地工作。我擔(dān)心我的心理健康狀況會越來越差?？芍?，夸爾斯工作繁忙，

生活速度非?？欤灾劣诮钇ＡΡM。由此推知，劃線詞breakneck與Fastanddangerous（快速危

險）意思接近。故選B。

【變式3】（廣東省揭陽市普寧市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）

Inearly2021,Ihitarutinmystudies.AsadoctoralcandidateattheUniversityofChicagoin

Illinois,Iworkedtodesignsafer,moreeffectivematerialsforvaccinedelivery.AlthoughIhadbeen

productiveearlyinmygraduatecareer,mylonghoursandhardworkwerenolongertranslatinginto

successinthelaboratory,andIfelthopelessaboutachievingmygoals.Somethinghadtochange.

Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"hitarut“inparagraph1mean?

A.Stoppedprogressingsmoothly.B.Hadveryslowreactions.

C.Acceptedhardwork'svalue.D.Overcameabigproblem.

【答案】A

【解析】詞句猜測題。本艮據(jù)文章第——段"AlthoughIhadbeenproductiveearlyinmygraduatecareer,

mylonghoursandhardworkwerenolongertranslatingintosuccessinthelaboratory,andIfelt

hopelessaboutachievingmygoals.Somethinghadtochange.（雖然我在研究生生涯的早期很有成效,

但我的長時間和辛勤工作不再轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)驗(yàn)室的成功，我對實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)感到絕望。有些事情

必須改變。）”可知，我在學(xué)業(yè)上遇到了瓶頸，所以劃線部分的短語是停止順利進(jìn)行的意思。故

選A項(xiàng)。

【易錯點(diǎn)提醒二】代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)

【例2】（安徽省皖江名校聯(lián)盟2023年高三聯(lián)考）

Thecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbringanurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingthe

Africancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsof

carbon.TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekey

tosuccess.4CTheGreatGreenWall...isaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopment

aidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,“saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnion

CommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative/'Butthistimetheyidentify.This

istheverythingofus!^

Whatdoes"us"underlinedinParagraph3referto?

B.AfricanUnions.B.Alladvocates.C.Landowners.D.AllAfricans.

易錯分析：本題容易脫離話題，主觀臆斷。不可煩躁，浮于表面，應(yīng)嚴(yán)密查找上文語句和詞語

之間的邏輯聯(lián)系。

【答案】D

【導(dǎo)語1詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,is

vital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.（這一倡議是非洲驅(qū)動的，對非洲大陸的人來說至關(guān)重要，

可能是成功的關(guān)鍵）"以及""TheGreatGreenWall...isaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailure

ofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,“saidElvisPaulTangam,African

UnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative."Butthistimetheyidentify.

Thisistheverythingofus!95（“綠色長城...是關(guān)于所有權(quán)的問題，而這正是發(fā)展援助的失敗之處,

因?yàn)槿藗儚奈凑J(rèn)同它，"非洲聯(lián)盟撒哈拉和薩赫勒綠色長城倡議專員埃爾維斯?保羅?坦加姆說。

“但這一次他們認(rèn)同了。這就是我們的本性！）''可知，此處的us指“所有的非洲人”。故選D項(xiàng)。

【變式2】（湖南省常德市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）

RegulatorylimitsforhowmuchPFASfoodpackagingshouldcontaincanvarygreatly.For

instance,anewlawinCaliforniasetthelimitatlessthan100ppm."'ComparedtoAmerica,Denmark

setsamuchlowerregulatorylimitof20ppmwithgreatsuccess,saidXeniaTrier,anexpertatthe

EuropeanEnvironmentAgency."cItdoesworktosetlimitsandenforcethem.PFASdomigratefrom

thepaperintothefood.Eventhoughitwasnot100%,westillsawconsiderabletransmission.In

general,transmissionfrompackagingtofoodisincreasedasthetemperatureofthefoodrises.Itisthe

samewiththetimespentinwrappingmaterials.9,TriertoldNBS,oneofthemajorAmerican

mass-mediacompanies.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"refertoinparagraph4?

A.Considerablemigrationofgreaseandwater.

B.PFAStransmissionfrompackagingtofood.

C.Wrapperexposuretohighfoodtemperature.

D.Regulatorylimitsconcerningfoodpackaging.

【答案】B

【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“PFASdomigratefromthepaperintothefood.Eventhoughit

wasnot100%,westillsawconsiderabletransmission.（PFAS確實(shí)從紙張轉(zhuǎn)移到了食品中。盡管它不

是100%,但我們?nèi)匀豢吹搅讼喈?dāng)大的傳播）”可知，句中it指代上文提及的“PFAS從紙張轉(zhuǎn)移到

食品中故選B。

【變式3］（2023年全國高三專項(xiàng)練習(xí)）

Attheendofeachday,theparticipantsshowedhighactivityinabrainareacalledthemidbrain.

Thescientistswereinterestedintwo,smallareaswithinit.Bothareasproducedopamine,achemical

thatisimportantincravingandrewards.Thetwoareasactivatedwhenhungryparticipantssaw

picturesoftastypizzaorjuicyhamburgers.Afterthevolunteershadbeenisolated,thosebrainareas

becameactivewhentheysawsocialactivitiestheymissed.Itmightbeplayingsportsorchattingwith

friends.

Whatdoestheunder