Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 課件 高一英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.TheboywhoisrunningontheplaygroundisPeter.Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.Ilikethebookwhosecoverisred.Hemightbeill,forhedidn’tcometoschool.Thisiswhereourproblemlies.Thisisthefactorywhereheworkedlastyear.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.Istillrememberthedayswhenwelivedtogether.ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.

Englishisanimportantsubject,whicheverystudentshouldstudywell.ThedogwaseatingacakewhenIreachedhome.英語三大從句名詞性從句定語從句狀語從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句作主語作賓語作表語作同位語時間、地點、條件、原因、比較、目的、結果、讓步、方式狀語從句限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句04040302201定語從句大分類關系詞CONTENTS定語05特殊情況和解題步驟CHAPTERONE定語修飾名詞或代詞的詞，短語或句子叫定語。定語可前置，也可后置。(短前長后)abeautifulgirlanappletreeareadingroomabookonthedeskaninterestingbookaboyrunninginthestreet

abrokenheartaboycalledTom

thefirststudenttoentertheclassroom

Iknowaboywhoiscool.Luffyisacoolboy.Luffyisaboywithahat.Luffyisaboywhoiscool.1.作用：修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的2.分類：形容詞、名詞，代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式（短語）、分詞、定語從句等相當于形容詞的詞、短語或句子3.表示：漢語中常用‘……的’表示4.位置：用在所修飾詞之前的叫前置定語，用在所修飾詞之后的叫后置定語定語CHAPTERTWO定語從句1.定義：一個句子跟在一個名詞或代詞（先行詞）后進行修飾限定（對詞句進行補充、修飾、限定，進而使原句內(nèi)容更完整）2.語法成分：整個句子中做定語的成分3.位置：只能放在被修飾的詞（即先行詞）之后定語從句（也稱形容詞性從句）1.這兩名同學是朋友。2.這兩名同學正站著。1.Thetwostudentsarefriends.2.Thetwostudentsarestanding.

3.Thetwostudentswhoarestandingarefriends.定語從句主語謂語Thetwostudents

whoarestandingarefriends.先行詞關系詞定語從句:修飾名詞或代詞的句子。1.TheboyrunningontheplaygroundisPeter.2.TheboywhoisrunningontheplaygroundisPeter.先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞關系詞：引導定語從句的詞3.Whattheboywantstodoistorunontheplayground.

×√×先行詞+關系詞+從句在從句中充當句子成分（主/賓/定/表/狀）名詞或代詞關系代詞和關系副詞缺少主/賓/定/表/狀語，但必須有謂語。

ThegirlisbehindthetreeisMary.thegirlwho/thatCHAPTERTHREE分類1)限定性定語從句對先行詞有限定制約作用，不能被省略，否則句意不完整Imetsomeonewhosaidheknowsyou.2)非限定性定語從句起補充說明作用，可省略。有逗號隔開Thehouse,whichIbought,hasalovelygarden.

①Doyouknowtheprofessorwhoisspeakingatthemeeting?②Englishisanimportantsubject,whicheverystudentshouldstudywell.區(qū)別1.形式不同非限定性定語從句與主句之間通常有逗號隔開。2.關系詞不同that不用于非限制性；在限制性從句中，關系詞作賓語有時可以省略，而在非限制性定語從句，關系詞一律不省略。①Sheisthenewstudent(whom/who/that)Iwanttointroducetoyou.②Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.③Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,whomhewantedtoshowallhislovefor.1.Thecar,______weboughtlastmonth,isverynice.2.Thisisthecar

_________weboughtlastmonth.3.Thewoman_________________wewillmeetattheairportisanexpert.4.ButSarah,___________hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.

whichwhich/thatwho/whom/that/略whoCHAPTERFOUR關系詞關系詞只指代人只指代事物人、物皆可指地點指時間指原因who，whomwhichthat,whose,aswherewhenwhy關系代詞關系副詞作從句中的主語、賓語、定語、表語作從句的狀語在限制性定語從句中作賓語時可省略可以?人和物作定語修飾名詞whose+名詞牢記：what不用來引導定語從句定語一.關系代詞引導的定語從句1.指物時①Howdoyoulikethefilmwhich/thatwasshownlastSunday?②Howdoyoulikethefilm(which/that)wesawlastSunday？③Ilikethebookwhosecoverisred.2.指人時：①Doyouknowtheboywho/thatismydeskmate?②Heistheman(who/whom/that)Isawyesterday.③Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.1.關系副詞when，表示時間①Istillrememberthedayswhenwelivedtogether.②Thereareoccasionswhenyoumustnotrefuse.2.關系副詞where，表示地點①Shanghai

is

the

city

where

I

was

born.

②Thisisthefactorywhereheworkedlastyear.③Dancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanhearing.④Hehasreachedthepointwhereachangeisneeded.二.關系副詞引導的定語從句3.關系副詞why（=forwhich）先行詞是表原因的名詞reason①Thereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.②Wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tshowup.③Shedidn’ttellmethereasonwhysherefusedtheoffer.①Istillrememberthedayswhenwelivedtogether.②Istillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.

①Thisistheparkwhich/thattheyvisitedlastyear.

②Thisisthefactorywhereheworkedlastyear.①Idon'tbelievethereason(that/which)hegaveme.②Thereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.1.“介詞+關系代詞which/whom”既可以引導限制性定語從句，也可以引導非限制性定語從句。2.常用的介詞有in，on，about，from，for，with，to，at，of，without3.介詞的來源①定語從句中動詞、形容詞與介詞的習慣搭配

②根據(jù)先行詞和介詞的習慣搭配③根據(jù)句子意思表達的需要三.介詞加關系代詞引導的定語從句(1)看定語從句中動詞與介詞的搭配Thisisasubjectaboutwhichwemightargueforalongwhile.(2)看先行詞與介詞的搭配習慣①Ontheblackboardtheteacherwroteasentence,themeaningofwhichIdon’tunderstand.②I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichshesaidgoodbyetome.(3)考查根據(jù)句意確定介詞①Iamlookingformyglasses,withoutwhichIcan’twatchTVclearly.②Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,afterwhichhewentontoBeijingUniversity.CHAPTERFIVE特殊情況和解題步驟1.只用that2.只用which3.注意主謂一致只用that不用which1.先行詞是被序數(shù)詞/形容詞最高級修飾Thefirstthing

thatyoushoulddoiscallthepolicerightaway.2.先行詞是被不定代詞修飾（all,little,few,much,everthing,anything）All

thatcanbedonehasbeendone.3.先行詞是/被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame修飾Theonlything

thatshecoulddowastoaskthepoliceforhelp.4.先行詞既包括人又包括物Sometimesweshouldignorethepersonandthings

thatupsetus.5.主句是以who/which開頭的特殊疑問句Whichofthebooks

thatyouboughtisthemostusefulformywriting?只用which1.引導非限定性定語從句Football,which

isaninterestinggame,isverypopularallovertheworld.2.關系代詞有介詞Thisisthehousein

whichMoYanoncelived.3.先行詞本身就是thatThatwhichyoutoldhimiswhatwewanttoknow.4.句中包含兩個定語從句時，一句用that,另一句用whichLetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopen.只用who不用that的情況1.先行詞是指人的不定代詞（one;ones;anyone;noone;nobody;anybody;none;all）Anyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.2.therebe句型，先行詞?人Thereisayoundmanwhowantstoseeyou.3.先行詞是?人的thoseThosewhohavegoodmannerswillbehighlyrespected.注意主謂一致1.定語從句中的謂語動詞的單復數(shù)通常與先行詞的數(shù)保持一致①Thestudentswhowerereferredtojustnowwereallfromthesamevillage.②I,whoamyourmother,isnotapersonthatiseasytocheat.2.在“oneof+復數(shù)名詞…”后面，定語從句的謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingsthathavedrawnlotsofvisitors.3.在“theonly/theveryoneof+復數(shù)名詞…”后面，定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。TheGreatWallistheonly(one)ofthebuildingsontheearththatisseenfromthemoon.解定語從句三步驟一找：找出先行詞；二帶：把先行詞帶入定語從句中，組成正確的句子；三選擇：考慮各種情況，確定關系詞。1.Aplaneisamachine__________canfly.2.Heknewtheteacher_______________wemetyesterday.3.Isawawoman_________bagwasstolen.4.Theday_____________ImarriedwasJune6,2004.5.Thehotel______________westayedwasn’tclean.6.Thereason______________I’mcallingyouistoinviteyoutoaparty.that/whichamachinetheteacherwho/whom/that/略whoseawomanthedayonthedayawoman'sonwhich=whenthehotelinthehotelinwhich=whereforthereasonwhich=why用正確的關系詞填空(I)1.Hisfatherworksinafactory__________makesTVsets.2.Hisfatherworksinafa