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Chapter10GovernmentCONTENTSI.Constitution1.Timeline2.Characteristic1&23.Framework&AmendmentsII.Government1TheFederalGovernment2.TheLegislature3.TheExecutive
4.TheJudiciaryIII.PoliticalParties1.Two-partysystem2.Duverger'slaw3TheDemocraticParty&theRepublicanPartyIV.Election1.Candidates2.PrimaryElection3.Activities
4.GeneralElectionV.ForeignPolicy1.Neutrality2.ContainmentandInterventionⅠ.ConstitutionII.Government01TheFederalGovernment03TheExecutive02TheLegislature04TheJudiciaryCONTENTS01TheFederalGovernment——CentralgovernmentoftheUnitedStatesMainprinciples
Federalism
TheseparationofpowersandrespectfortheConstitution
TheruleoflawThreeequalandseparatebranches
TheLegislativebranch
TheExecutivebranch
TheJudicialbranch02TheLegislature2.1Congress2.2Senate2.3TheHouseofRepresentatives2.4TheProcessofLaw-making2.1CongressLaw-makingandthesupremelegislativebody;Twohouses:
theSenate
theHouseofRepresentatives100votingmembers,twofromeachstate;Maybereelectedforanunlimitednumberofsix-yearterms,chosenbyadirectelection;Qualificationsforbeingasenator:
over30yearsold;aresidentinthestatewhichtheyrepresent;
aUScitizenforatleast9years.2.2Senate435votingmembersplussixnon-votingrepresentativesfromPuertoRico,theDistrictofColumbiaandfourotherterritoriesoftheU.S.Statelegislaturedivideseachstateintocongressionaldistricts,eachdistrictelectingonerepresentative;Qualificationsforbeingarepresentative:
atleast25yearsold;aUScitizenforatleast7years;
serveforatermoftwoyears.2.3TheHouseofRepresentativesThemainfunctionofCongress—passinglawsfortheUnion;EitherhousemayintroducelegislationonanysubjectexcepttherevenuebillswhichmustoriginateintheHouseofRepresentatives.Complicatedlaw-makingprocess:“Dies”&“Lost”&“Act”2.4TheProcessofLaw-making03TheExecutive3.1Departments3.2FunctionsofThePresident3.3QualificationsofThePresident3.4WhiteHouseTheexecutivebranchconsistsof15departmentsandmanyindependentagencies;Cabinet:majorsourceofadviceandassistancetothepresidentPresident:thechiefoftheexecutivebranch.Firstcitizen&FirstLady3.1DepartmentsAsChiefExecutive,heisgiventheauthorityorduty:
tomanagenationalaffairsandtheworkingofthefederalgovernment;
tocontrolAmericanforeignpolicy;
toholdsignificantinfluenceinlaw-making;
toinfluencethedecisionofthefederalcourts;……Thepresident’slimits:
majorappointmentswithapprovaloftheSenate;
allappropriationslegislatedbyCongress;
canbeimpeachedbyCongressifabusingpowerorcommittingcrimes;nopowertodismissCongress;…...3.2FunctionsofThePresidentNatural-bornAmericancitizenatleast35yearsold;BeingresidentwithinUSforatleast14years;Serveoneortwosuccessivetermsoffouryears.
FranklinD.Roosevelt—theonlypresidentwhoservedmorethantwosuccessiveterms
AfterWorldWarII,Congressadoptedanamendmentlimitingapresidenttotwosuccessivetermsonly.3.3QualificationsofThePresidentTheofficialpresidentialresidence.3.4WhiteHouse04TheJudiciaryAseriesofcourts:
TheSupremeCourt,thecourtsofappealsandthedistrictcourts.TheSupremeCourt—thehighestcourt:
oneChiefJusticeandeightAssociateJustices;
decisionsaremadebythemajority.
appointedbythePresidentwiththeSenate’sapproval;
onlyremovedfromofficebyCongressthroughadifficultimpeachmentprocess.ThemajorpowersoftheSupremeCourt
tointerpretlaws;
tohearappealsfromanyfederalcourtcases;
tohearappealsfromstatecourtcases;
maydeclareapresidentialactunconstitutional.Federaljudicialsystem&statejudicialsystemDifferencebetweenfederalcourtandstatecourtⅢ.PoliticalParties2022ElectionⅤ.ForeignPolicyReviewQuestionsWhatarethetwocharacteristicsofU.SConstitution?Whatistheseparationofpowersandhowdoesabillbecomelaw?Whatarethefunctionsofthemajorpartieswhenthe
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