2024-2025學年云南省保山市高三上學期一輪復習摸底測試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1云南省保山市2024-2025學年高三上學期一輪復習摸底測試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredidthemangetthecat?A.Fromhisneighbor.B.Fromapetstore.C.Fromafriend.2.Whodoesthemanrecommendtotakecareoftheflowers?A.Lily.B.James.C.Thewoman’ssister.3.Whenwillthefilmbegin?A.At2:00.B.At2:15.C.At2:20.4.Whatdoesthemanthankthewomanfor?A.Givinghimalift.B.Extendinganinvitation.C.Bringingthedocuments.5.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Husbandandwife.C.Salesmanandcustomer.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Abirthdaygift.B.Ashoppinglist.C.Atripschedule.7.WhatdoesJessewanttodoinspring?A.Holdabirthdayparty.B.Buyagameplayer.C.Rideabikewithfriends.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtodo?A.Haveaninterview.B.Buyabook.C.Work.9.Whydoesthewomansuggesttakingthesubway?A.It’slesscrowded.B.Itsavesmuchtime.C.Itneedslesswalk.10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inasquare.B.Atthebusstop.C.Atasubwaystation.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatmakesthemanupset?A.Seriousillness.B.Failuretofinishhisreport.C.Criticismfromhisprofessor.12.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Concerned.B.Critical.C.Forgiving.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Rewritehisreport.B.Turntothewomanforhelp.C.AskProfessorLiforadvice.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhyisSarainthiscity?A.Toattendameeting.B.Togoonafamilytrip.C.Tovisitsomeworkmates.15.WhatmakesSaradissatisfiedwiththehotelinthestreetcorner?A.Itsservice.B.Itsenvironment.C.Itsroomsize.16.WhoisRoy?A.Themalespeaker.B.Theman’sson.C.Thewoman’sworkmate.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howdotwoshypeopleusuallybehaveattheirfirstmeeting?A.Theyavoideachotherintentionally.B.They’retooshytostartaconversation.C.Theyasktheircommonfriendforhelp.18.What’sthespeaker’ssecondsuggestion?A.Buildingfriends’confidence.B.Offeringfriendsinformation.C.Helpingfriendsmakejudgments.19.Whatshouldonedoaftergettingtwoshyfriendstalkingtoeachother?A.Thinkaboutthenexttopic.B.Getinvolvedintheconversation.C.Leavethemtalkingtoeachother.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Persuadinghisfriends.B.Sharinghisexperience.C.Hostingaradioprogram.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheArtInstituteofChicagoVisitingtime:Themuseumisopendaily10:30a.m.-5:00p.m.andThursdaysuntil8;00p.m.ItisclosedonThanksgivingDay,ChristmasDayandNewYear’sDay.HighlightsoftheArtInstitute●AmericanArtDiscoverhowartistshaveexpressedmanyaspectsoftheAmericanexperiencethroughtherichvarietyofthiscollection.ThistourmightincludetheworksofartistslikePaulRevere,WinslowHomerandGeorgiaO’Keeffe,orfollowthepathofimmigrantcraftsmenastheycreateddesignsforeverydaylife.●Impressionism:Monet,Degas,RenoirandMoreDropinthecolorandexcitementoflate19th-centurylifeasyouviewoneofthemostadmiredcollectionsofFrenchImpressionismintheworld.●HiddenHistoriesHearstoriesaboutartistsandtheirartworksthatmaybeoverlookedorunderappreciatedforonereasonoranother.Thesecouldbeverysmallworks,quietorout-of-the-wayobjects.●MindfulnessToursSlowdownandtakeinjustafewartworks.Thisexperienceincludesguidedmeditationexercisesandclose,mindfullookingexercisestoallowparticipantstobecontemplative(沉思的)，collaborativeandpresentwithalloftheirsenses.ForfamilieswithchildrenWithfreeadmissionforkidsunder14andChicagoteensunder18,theArtInstituteistheperfectplaceforacreativeoutingwiththewholefamily.VisittheFamilyRoomintheRyanEducationCenter,opendailyfrom10:30a.m.—5:00p.m.exceptThanksgiving,ChristmasandNewYear’sDayandintroduceyourchildrentothemuseum’scollectionswithavarietyofactivities.Assemble(組裝)puzzlesbasedonmasterpiecesinthemuseum,buildarchitecturalwonderswithcolorfulblocks,andlearnaboutartthroughstoriesandgames.Foodisavailableatanon-sitecafe.(Outsidefoodisnotallowedin.)1.OnwhichdaycanonevisitTheArtInstituteofChicago?A.ThanksgivingDay. B.IndependenceDay.C.ChristmasDay. D.NewYear’sDay.2.WhatcanvisitorslearninHiddenHistories?A.Theearlystoriesofsomebigartists. B.Theartworksofsomepotentialartists.C.Somestoriesaboutlesser-knownartists. D.Someartworkswhosecreatorsareunclear.3.WhatcanchildrendointheFamilyRoom?A.Practicestorytellingskills. B.Decoratesomemasterpieces.C.Enjoytheirhome-madefood. D.Takepartinhands-onactivities.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是應用文。本文介紹了芝加哥藝術會館的一些信息?！冀馕觥?.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Visitingtime”中的“ItisclosedonThanksgivingDay,ChristmasDayandNewYear’sDay.（它在感恩節(jié)、圣誕節(jié)和元旦閉館。）”可知，芝加哥藝術會館在獨立日是開放的。故選B。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HiddenHistories”中的“Hearstoriesaboutartistsandtheirartworksthatmaybeoverlookedorunderappreciatedforonereasonoranother.Thesecouldbeverysmallworks,quietorout-of-the-wayobjects.（聽聽關于藝術家和他們的作品的故事，他們可能因為這樣或那樣的原因而被忽視或不被欣賞。這些可以是非常小的作品，安靜或偏僻的物體。）”可知，參觀者可以了解到一些鮮為人知的藝術家的故事和作品。故選C。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Assemble(組裝)puzzlesbasedonmasterpiecesinthemuseum,buildarchitecturalwonderswithcolorfulblocks，andlearnaboutartthroughstoriesandgames.Foodisavailableatanon-sitecafe.(Outsidefoodisnotallowedin.）（根據(jù)博物館的杰作組裝拼圖，用彩色積木建造建筑奇跡，通過故事和游戲了解藝術。餐廳內的咖啡廳提供食物。(外面的食物不允許進入。)）”可知，孩子們能參加一些需要動手的活動。故選D。BAsacollegestudentinBoston,Iformedthehabitofbuyingusedbooks.Ienjoythehunt,thegoodpriceandtheunrecognizedtreasures.Ifindoldtextbooks,ex-bestsellers,andbooksonsubjectsI’veneverheardofandnowmustlearnallabout.Idon’tsearchforrarebooks,firsteditions,orleather-boundeditionsbutbooksthatareworthreading.Rereading,forme,isapleasureduringretirement.Thetheaterandtheconcerthallbecomelessappealingtome,alongwithcrowds.Stayingaloneandreadingbookshavebecomeextremelyimportanttome.Literatureneedsthefleshofexperiencetohaveitsfulleffect.Differentbooksoffermeinsightsandwaysofexpressingthatstuckinmymindasgrainsofsandinanoysternowshinelikepearls.Mytasteinbooksimproveswithage.Whilepackingforamove,whichoccursatintervalsoffivetosevenyears,Iclearmyshelvesandpickmybooks.Iabandonafew,laterregretmydecisions,andlookforthemagain.Severalyearsago,Igotridofbooksrelatedtomyjob-architecture.Someweredesignguides,referencebooks,productcatalogs,andthingsthatwentoutofdate.Somewerehistoricalorcenteredonaperiodoranarchitect.Thesehadgivenmemanyhoursofpleasure.WillIeveropentheircoversagain?Certainly.IheldontotheredbulkofSirBanisterFletcher’sAHistoryofArchitectureandbooksonParis,Rome,andBoston.Igaveawaydraftingequipmentandinstruments.Ithrewoutrollsandrollsofpaper,andolddrawingsofprojectscompletedlongago,someofwhichhadevenbeendamaged.Thistime,IstayputinacottagethatsuitsmystatusandI’vemovedoninspirit.NodoubtIwillacquiremoreusedbooksandthrowawaymorebooksaspassionsgrowandfade,likefeatherschangingwiththeseasons.4.Whatdoestheauthorconsidermostimportantwhenchoosingusedbooks？A.Theirappealingcovers. B.Theirreasonableprices.C.Theirexcellentcontent. D.Theircollectionvalue.5.Whatdoestheauthorrealizeashegrowsolder?A.Hehasasmallcircleoffriends. B.Hisattitudetowardsworkchanges.C.Hiscommunicationskillsimprove. D.Hehasadeeperunderstandingoflifeandbooks.6.Whydoestheauthormentionbooksonarchitecture?A.Toshowsomebooksareworthreadingrepeatedly.B.TorecommendSirBanisterFletcher’sbooks.C.Tosuggestweavoidmakingpoordecisions.D.Toexplainhisloveforarchitecture.7.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthelastparagraph?A.Hewillstopthrowingawayusedbooks.B.Helikesupdatinghiscollectionofusedbooks.C.Heisbadatusingadvanceddraftingequipment.D.Heenjoysleadinganactivelifeinthecountryside.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.A7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者從購買二手書的經歷、重新閱讀的意義和不斷更新自己的讀物等幾個方面說明各閱讀的重要性和意義?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Idon’tsearchforrarebooks,firsteditions,orleather-boundeditionsbutbooksthatareworthreading.”（我不尋找珍本、第一版或皮面版的書，而是那些值得一讀的書。）可知，作者在購買書時最看重的是書的內容。故選C項。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Differentbooksoffermeinsights（見解）andwaysofexpressingthatstuckinmymindasgrainsofsandinanoyster（牡蠣）nowshinelikepearls.Mytasteinbooksimproveswithage.”（不同的書籍給我提供了深刻的見解和表達方式，就像牡蠣里的沙子現(xiàn)在像珍珠一樣閃閃發(fā)光一樣。我對書籍的鑒賞力隨著年齡的增長而提高。）可知，作者隨著年齡的增大，他對生活和書本有更深的理解。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的例子及“WillIeveropentheircoversagain?Certainly.IheldontotheredbulkofSirBanisterFletcher’sAHistoryofArchitectureandbooksonParis,Rome,andBoston.”（我還會再打開他們的封面嗎?當然。我手里拿著班尼斯特·弗萊徹爵士的《建筑史》和有關巴黎、羅馬和波士頓的書。）可知，作者提到建筑書籍的目的是說明這些書值得多次閱讀。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“NodoubtIwillacquiremoreusedbooksandthrowawaymorebooksaspassionsgrowandfade,likefeatherschangingwiththeseasons.”（毫無疑問，我將獲得更多的二手書，并扔掉更多的書，因為激情就像羽毛隨著季節(jié)的變化而變化。）可知，作者喜歡不斷更新自己的二手書收藏。故選B項。CMr.CalthorpeisaBerkeley-basedurbanplannerwhoisoneofthecreatorsofNewUrban-ism,whichpromotesmixeduse,walkableneighborhoods.Hisdesignsemphasizetheconnectionofhousing,shoppingandpublicspace.Apopularclaimbytheadvocatesofself-drivingcarsisthatnotonlywilltheyleadtofewercars,fastercommunicationsandathoroughrethinkingofcitieswherefindingaplacetoparkisnolongerapriority.Mr.Calthorperejectstheideasoftechindustrypredictorswhosaypersonalautonomousvehicleswillsoonbethesolutiontourbanproblemsliketrafficjams.Heisnotopposedtoautonomousvehicles.Mr.Calthorpe’squarreliswiththeideathatthewidespreadadoptionofpersonallyownedself-drivingcarswillsolvetransportationproblem.Infact,heworriesitwillleadtomoreurbanjams.Thisyear,Mr.CalthorpechallengedSiliconValleytotakeanotherlookatitshousingandtransportationprobleminaproposalinwhichheasked:“CanmorehousesandstreetssolvetheSanFranciscoBayAreahousingcrisis?”TheValley’shousingcrisiscanbeexplainedindatathatshowsthatsince2010,theregionhasadded11jobsforeverynewhomebuilt;themiddlesizedhousepricehasreached$934,000;andrentshavegoneupby60percentsince2012.Oneoftheconsequencesofthegrowingimbalancebetweenhousingandjobsistheincreasingtrafficjams,accordingtoanUrbanFootprintreport.Toavoidthetrafficjams,Mr.Calthorpeputsforwardaplanwhichrequiresefficientmasstransportation.Hehasproposedanalternative—autonomousrapidtransportationorART—usingfleets(車隊)ofself-drivingtracksinreservedlanesonmainroadslikeE1CaminoReal.Thoselaneswouldallowthevehiclestotravelfasterandrequirealowerlevelofautonomoustechnology.Andthetruckscouldtravelseparatelyorbeconnectedtogether.8.WhatisMr.Calthorpe’sdreamneighborhoodlike?A.Walkableareaswithemptyspace.B.Connectedareaswithfastertransport.C.Communitieswithfewerself-divingcars.D.Communitieswithconvenientpublicfacilities.9.Whatdothetechindustrypredictorsclaim?A.Parkingisnotaproblemanymore. B.Peopleshouldrejectcardriving.C.Autonomousvehiclescausemoretroubles. D.Self-drivingcarscanerasetrafficjams.10.WhatdoesMr.Calthorpe’squestionaboutSiliconValley’shousingcrisissuggest?A.Hisdoubtaboutthedata. B.Hisdisapprovalofthepractice.C.Hisadviceonavoidingthesuffering. D.Hisacceptanceoftheconsequence.11.WhatisMr.Calthorpe’ssolutiontothetrafficjams?A.Buildingmoreroads. B.Smartfleetsoftrucks.C.Offeringautonomouscars. D.Publictransportation.〖答案〗8.D9.D10.B11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了，Mr.Calthorpe不反對自動駕駛汽車，但他擔心這會導致更多的城市擁堵，因此他提出了一個需要高效大規(guī)模運輸?shù)挠媱潄肀苊饨煌ǘ氯！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Mr.CalthorpeisaBerkeley-basedurbanplannerwhoisoneofthecreatorsofNewUrban-ism,whichpromotesmixeduse,walkableneighborhoods.Hisdesignsemphasizetheconnectionofhousing,shoppingandpublicspace.(Mr.Calthorpe是伯克利市的城市規(guī)劃師，他是新城市主義的創(chuàng)始人之一，新城市主義提倡多用途、可步行的社區(qū)。他的設計強調住房、購物和公共空間的聯(lián)系)”可知，新城市主義Mr.Calthorpe提倡多用途、可步行的社區(qū)，社區(qū)中住房、購物和公共空間相聯(lián)系，這種社區(qū)公共設施很便利——這是Mr.Calthorpe夢寐以求的社區(qū)。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“Mr.Calthorperejectstheideasoftechindustrypredictorswhosaypersonalautonomousvehicleswillsoonbethesolutiontourbanproblemsliketrafficjams.(Mr.Calthorpe拒絕接受科技行業(yè)預測人士的觀點，他們說，個人自動駕駛汽車很快就會解決交通堵塞等城市問題)”可知，科技行業(yè)預測者聲稱自動駕駛汽車可以消除交通堵塞。故選D項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。由第三段“Thisyear,Mr.CalthorpechallengedSiliconValleytotakeanotherlookatitshousingandtransportationprobleminaproposalinwhichheasked:“CanmorehousesandstreetssolvetheSanFranciscoBayAreahousingcrisis?”TheValley’shousingcrisiscanbeexplainedindatathatshowsthatsince2010,theregionhasadded11jobsforeverynewhomebuilt;themiddlesizedhousepricehasreached$934,000;andrentshavegoneupby60percentsince2012.Oneoftheconsequencesofthegrowingimbalancebetweenhousingandjobsistheincreasingtrafficjams,accordingtoanUrbanFootprintreport.(今年，Mr.Calthorpe在一份提案中要求硅谷重新審視其住房和交通問題，他在提案中問道：“更多的房屋和街道能解決舊金山灣區(qū)的住房危機嗎？”硅谷的住房危機可以用數(shù)據(jù)來解釋，數(shù)據(jù)顯示，自2010年以來，該地區(qū)每新建一套住房，就增加11個就業(yè)崗位；中等規(guī)模的房價已達到93.4萬美元；自2012年以來，租金上漲了60%。根據(jù)一份城市足跡報告，住房和就業(yè)之間日益失衡的后果之一是交通堵塞加劇)”可知，硅谷住房危機中，住房和就業(yè)失衡會導致交通堵塞加劇，可得出Mr.Calthorpe不贊成用更多的房屋和街道這種做法來解決住房危機。故選B項。【11題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由最后一中的“Toavoidthetrafficjams,Mr.Calthorpeputsforwardaplanwhichrequiresefficientmasstransportation.Hehasproposedanalternative—autonomousrapidtransportationorART—usingfleets(車隊)ofself-drivingtracksinreservedlanesonmainroadslikeE1CaminoReal.(為了避免交通堵塞，Mr.Calthorpe提出了一個需要高效大規(guī)模運輸?shù)挠媱潯Ｋ岢隽艘环N替代性的自動快速交通或ART，在E1CaminoReal等主要道路的保留車道上使用自動駕駛軌道車隊)”可知，Mr.Calthorpe解決交通堵塞的辦法是使用公共交通，在保留的主要道路使用自動駕駛軌道車隊。故選D項。DHaveyoueverseenoneofthemanyvideosofanelephantgrabbingapaintbrush,puttingitinpaint,andproducingapaintingsimilartosomethinga5-year-oldcouldcreate?Whilewatchinganelephantpaintisanamazingsight,wecan’thelpbutwonderwhetherthetrainingmethodsandresultsreflectanimalcruelty.A2014studyonfourcaptive(圈養(yǎng)的)AsianelephantsattheMelbourneZooinAustraliasoughttoidentifystress-relatedbehaviorsaroundtheactivityofpainting.Whiletheresearchersfoundthattheelephantshadaneutralresponsetopainting—notstressful,norenriching—itseemedthatwhenanelephantwasnotselectedtopaint,itdisplayednon-interactivebehavior.Thisisseenasapossiblesignalofstressintheanimals.Inaddition,PETA,afamousanimalrightsgroup,hascitedseveralAmericanzoosthatuseharmfultrainingmethodstogetelephantstopaint,performtricks,playinstruments,andmore.Noteveryzoothatorganizeselephantpaintingusesaggression(攻擊)toencouragetheelephants.However,PETAarguesthatanimalsheltersshouldnotforceanimalstodotricksatall.Activistorganizationswarnthatelephantscanundergoextremediscomfortinthetrainingprocess.Furthermore,manyofthepaintingelephantsareveryyoung,atanagewheretheyshouldstillbewiththeirmothers.Itraisesquestionsaboutwhetherthere’sachancetheywerecaughtfortheexpresspurposeofperforming,oriftheycouldsomehowberestoredtoareturntothewild.Itisdifficulttosupportanykindoftrainedbehaviorthatdiffersgreatlyfromawildanimal’snaturaltendencies.Theroleofashelter,ideally,istoallowananimaltoliveasclosetoitsnormallifeaspossible,perhapswithaneyetoreturningtheanimaltothewild;teachingthemtopaintdoesnotseemtoalignwiththattarget,particularlyifit’snotalearnedbehaviorthattheanimalwouldbewillingtodoindependently.12.Whatcanbesafelyconcludedfromthe2014study?A.Researchersdidn’tcollectsolidevidence.B.Paintingpromotedelephants’interaction.C.Negativeeffectsofpaintingwereconfirmed.D.Elephantsmadestrongresponsestopainting.13.Whatisaconcernofactivistorganizations?A.Complexityofthetrainingprocess. B.Purposesofelephants’performance.C.Dailyactivitiesofcaptiveelephants. D.Potentialforelephants’returntonature.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“alignwith”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Wanderoff. B.Setup. C.Consistwith. D.Goagainst.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowPETAHelps? B.WhyAnimalRights? C.ShouldElephantsPaint? D.ShouldElephantsliveincaptivity?〖答案〗12.A13.D14.C15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了“大象繪畫”這一現(xiàn)象可能反映了虐待動物的行為，我們不應該強迫動物進行這種訓練，而是應該讓動物盡可能接近其正常生活，或讓它們回歸野外?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關鍵句“Whiletheresearchersfoundthattheelephantshadaneutralresponsetopainting—notstressful,norenriching—itseemedthatwhenanelephantwasnotselectedtopaint,itdisplayednon-interactivebehavior.Thisisseenasapossiblesignalofstressintheanimals.”（盡管研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)大象對繪畫的反應是中性的——既沒有壓力，也沒有豐富——但當大象沒有被選中繪畫時，它似乎表現(xiàn)出了非互動行為。這被視為動物壓力的可能信號。）可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，當大象沒有被選中繪畫時，它似乎表現(xiàn)出了非互動行為，但這只被視為動物壓力的可能信號，并不是確鑿的證據(jù)，由此可知，從2014年的研究中可以得出的安全結論是研究人員沒有收集到確鑿的證據(jù)。故選A項。【13題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段關鍵句“Itraisesquestionsaboutwhetherthere’sachancetheywerecaughtfortheexpresspurposeofperforming,oriftheycouldsomehowberestoredtoareturntothewild.”（這引發(fā)了人們的疑問，它們是否有可能因為表演而被抓住，或者它們是否可以以某種方式回到野外。）可知，活動性社團組織擔心這些表演的大象是否因為表演而被抓住，它們是否可以回到野外，由此可知，活動性社團組織擔心的是大象回歸自然的可能性。故選D項?！?4題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線短語句中“Theroleofashelter,ideally,istoallowananimaltoliveasclosetoitsnormallifeaspossible,perhapswithaneyetoreturningtheanimaltothewild”（理想情況下，庇護所的作用是讓動物盡可能接近其正常生活，也許是為了讓動物回歸野外）可知，庇護所的作用是讓動物盡可能接近其正常生活，或讓動物回歸野外，由此可知，教它們畫畫與這個目標不一致，“Consistwith”意為“和……一致”，能夠表達畫線短語在句中所要表達的意思。故選C項。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結合第一段關鍵句“Whilewatchinganelephantpaintisanamazingsight,wecan’thelpbutwonderwhetherthetrainingmethodsandresultsreflectanimalcruelty.”（雖然觀看大象繪畫是一個令人驚嘆的景象，但我們不禁懷疑訓練方法和結果是否反映了虐待動物的行為。）可知，本文介紹了“大象繪畫”這一現(xiàn)象可能反映了虐待動物的行為，我們不應該強迫動物進行這種訓練，而是應該讓動物盡可能接近其正常生活，或讓它們回歸野外，“ShouldElephantsPaint?”意為“大象應該畫畫嗎？”選項能夠概括文章主要內容。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyounoticedhoweveningscooloffmoreinruralareasthantheydoincities?Urbanareasalsotendtogethotterduringthedaythananynearbyareaswithlotsofgreenery.____16____It’smainlycausedbythedifferenceinmaterialsthatcoverthegroundinurbanareasandthecountryside.Inthecountry,evaporation(蒸發(fā))ofwaterfromsoilandtheleavesofplantshelpstocooltheair.____17____Havingfewerplants,citieshavelessevaporationandareunabletocooldownthetemperature.Darkcoloursareanotherproblem.Darkobjectsabsorballwavelengthsoflight,makingthetemperatureincreasemorenoticeably.Incontrast,whiteobjectsreflectallwavelengthsoflightenergy.____18____Sadly,mostpartsofcitiesarecoveredbyasphalt(瀝青),steel,roofsandbrickswhichareoftendarkincolour.____19____Aspeopledrivecars,heatbuildings,andrunairconditioners,citiesaregeneratingwasteheatandpouringitintotheatmospheredirectly.Thewasteheataddstothesolarenergytrappedbythetallbuildings.Butcitiesdon’thavetobesohot.Somecitieshavelightenedtheirstreets.Thisisdonebycoveringblackasphaltstreets,parkinglots,anddarkroofswithamorereflectivegraycoating.____20____Havingmoregreenspacesalsohelps.Plantsserveasanaturalairconditioner.Theycatchheat,releasevapour(蒸汽)intotheair,andtakeawayheat,contributingtocooler,freshercities.A.Citiesalsoproducemoreheatthansuburbanareas.B.Thehigherthetemperature,theshorterthewavelength.C.Thisphenomenonisknownastheurbanheat-islandeffect.D.Soitwillnotbetransformedintoheatwhichmakestheairhot.E.Changesinbuildingmaterialshaveaminimaleffectoncitytemperatures.F.Muchofthesoilincities,bycontrast,hasbeencoveredwithroadsandbuildings.G.Thesechangescandecreaseairtemperaturesdramatically,especiallyinsummer.〖答案〗16.C17.F18.D19.A20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇科普說明文。文章介紹了熱島效應?！?6題詳析】段末句，考查段落結論句。根據(jù)上文〖提示〗“Haveyounoticedhoweveningscooloffmoreinruralareasthantheydoincities?Urbanareasalsotendtogethotterduringthedaythananynearbyareaswithlotsofgreenery.”（你有沒有注意到，農村的夜晚比城市涼爽得多?城市地區(qū)在白天也往往比附近有很多綠色植物的地區(qū)更熱。）可知，本文是一篇介紹熱島效應的科普文。首段的行文邏輯為從現(xiàn)象到結論，從而引出熱島效應這一地理名詞。所以，C項“Thisphenomenonisknownastheurbanheat-islandeffect.”（這種現(xiàn)象被稱為城市熱島效應。）符合題意。故選C。【17題詳析】段中句，考查轉折性過渡句。F選項“Muchofthesoilincities,bycontrast,hasbeencoveredwithroadsandbuildings.”（相比之下，城市的大部分土壤已經被道路和建筑物覆蓋。）的“城市的土地被道路和建筑覆蓋”與前一句“evaporationofwaterfromsoilandtheleavesofplantshelpstocooltoair”（土壤和植物葉子中的水分蒸發(fā)有助于冷卻到空氣中）形成轉折關系。這兩句回應第二段主題句“It’smainlycausedbythedifferenceinmaterialsthatcoverthegroundinurbanareasandthecountryside.”（這主要是由于城市和農村覆蓋地面的材料不同造成的。）故選F?！?8題詳析】段中句，考查結論性過渡句?？涨熬渥印癐ncontrast,whiteobjectsreflectallwavelengthsoflightenergy”（相反，白色物體反射所有波長的光能）和D選項“Soitwillnotbetransformedintoheatwhichmakestheairhot.”（所以它不會轉化為使空氣變熱的熱量。）形成因果關系。即，白色物品會反射所有波長的光，因此能量不會被轉換成熱量，從而讓空氣變熱。故選D?！?9題詳析】段首句，考查段落主題句。A選項“Citiesalsoproducemoreheatthansuburbanareas.”（城市也比郊區(qū)產生更多的熱量。）中的“producemoreheat（產生更多的熱量）”與選項下一句“Aspeopledrivecars,heatbuildings,andrunairconditioners,citiesaregeneratingwasteheatandpouringitintotheatmospheredirectly.”（隨著人們開車、給建筑物供暖和使用空調，城市正在產生廢熱，并將其直接排放到大氣中。）中的“generatewasteheat（產生廢熱）”形成對應關系。開車，供暖或是開空調都是產生熱量的行為。故選A?！?0題詳析】段末句，考查遞進邏輯關系。本段的討論內容為解決熱島效應的方法。G選項中的“thesechanges（這些變化）”對應了選項前面一句的方法，即，“coveringblackasphaltstreets,parkinglots,anddarkroofswithamorereflectivegraycoating”（覆蓋黑色瀝青街道、停車場和深色屋頂?shù)姆垂庑愿鼜姷幕疑繉樱?。同時，G選項“Thesechangescandecreaseairtemperaturesdramatically,especiallyinsummer.”（這些變化會使氣溫急劇下降，尤其是在夏天。）進一步解釋了這些舉措所能帶來的好處，與前文形成遞進關系。故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ilivedwithmymotherandthreeyoungerbrothers.Weneverhadmuch,butthatwasOK,forwemadeendsmeet___21___.Yearslater,Iwas___22___intotheUniversityofPittsburghandreceivedsomeacademicscholarshipsthat___23___mytuition.RoomandboardwerenotincludedsoIchosetopayforthemealplanbutnotthe___24___becauseitwastooexpensive.Idrovemy___25___van(廂式貨車)tothecampusandpurchaseda___26___passsoastoliveinmyvan.The___27___inPittsburghwasbad.Itwassuperhotandhumidinsummerandfreezingcoldandsnowyinwinter.Beinghomeless___28___metouseeverythingthecampushadtooffer___29___Iwantedtospendaslittletimeinmyvanaspossible.Ispentmostofmysparetimeatthe___30___.Besides,Ioftenvisitedmyprofessors’offices.Ididn’treallyspeakmuchunless___31___to,butnotwantingtositaroundinmyvanmademe___32___outofmycomfortzoneanddonewthings.Ireallydevelopeda(n)___33___personalitybecauseofit.Now,Ihavegotareallygoodjobandhavebeen___34___mybrotherstoprepareforlife.Lookingback,Iwanttosaythatsufferingisnotjustanexperienceforme,butapreciousspiritual___35___aswell.21.A.either B.somewhat C.anyhow D.still22.A.invited B.admitted C.allowed D.acquired23.A.covered B.consumed C.completed D.contained24.A.books B.food C.clothes D.housing25.A.fashionable B.big C.traditional D.worn26.A.reading B.parking C.swimming D.living27.A.scenery B.atmosphere C.weather D.situation28.A.permitted B.forced C.required D.expected29.A.since B.although C.unless D.while30.A.campus B.playground C.dormitory D.library31.A.shouted B.quarreled C.spoken D.discussed32.A.bring B.take C.run D.step33.A.easygoing B.outgoing C.humorous D.generous34.A.helping B.appointing C.promoting D.warning35.A.influence B.reflection C.wealth D.protection〖答案〗21.C22.B23.A24.D25.D26.B27.C28.B29.A30.D31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者家境貧寒，上大學后沒有錢住宿舍，只好住在一輛破舊的廂式貨車里。堅強樂觀的作者充分利用一切機會刻苦學習并不斷改變、提升自我，最終擁有了幸福的人生?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的錢不多，但也還好，反正我們的收支相抵。A.either也（不）；B.somewhat稍微，有點；C.anyhow無論如何，不管怎樣；D.still仍然。根據(jù)“Weneverhadmuch”及轉折詞but可知，雖然作者家境貧寒，但是不管怎么說，還是能夠設法做到收支相抵。故選C項。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：多年后，我被匹茲堡大學錄取，并獲得了一些學術獎學金，以支付我的學費。A.invited邀請；B.admitted承認，接收（入學）；C.allowed允許；D.acquired獲得。根據(jù)下文“receivedsomeacademicscholarships”可知，作者被匹茲堡大學錄取了，并且拿到了獎學金。故選B項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：多年后，我被匹茲堡大學錄取，并獲得了一些學術獎學金，以支付我的學費。A.covered遮蓋，足夠支付；B.consumed消費，消耗；C.completed完成；D.contained包含。分析句子結構可知，此處是that引導的定語從句，that指代先行詞scholarships，指作者的獎學金能夠支付他的學費。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：房費和伙食費不包括在內，所以我選擇付餐費，但不付房費，因為太貴了。A.books書；B.food食物；C.clothes衣服；D.housing房屋，住宿。根據(jù)下文“soastoliveinmyvan”可知，作者選擇住在廂式貨車上，所以此處指沒有錢支付住宿的費用。故選D項?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我開著我那輛破舊的廂式貨車去了學校，買了一張停車卡，這樣我就可以住在車里了。A.fashionable時尚的；B.big大的；C.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；D.worn破舊的。根據(jù)上文內容可知，作者家的經濟條件很差，食宿都成問題，因此他的廂式貨車一定是破舊不堪的。故選D項?！?6題詳析】考查動名詞詞義辨析。句意：我開著我那輛破舊的廂式貨車去了學校，買了一張停車卡，這樣我就可以住在車里了。A.reading閱讀；B.parking停車；C.swimming游泳；D.living居住。根據(jù)常理及下文根據(jù)下文“soastoliveinmyvan”可知，作者想把廂式貨車長期停放在校園里，必須購買停車許可證。故選B項?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：匹茲堡的天氣非常糟糕。A.scenery風景；B.atmosphere氛圍；C.weather天氣；D.situation情況。根據(jù)下一句“Itwassuperhotandhumidinsummerandfreezingcoldandsnowyinwinter.(夏天超級炎熱潮濕，冬天又冷又多雪)”可知，匹茲堡的天氣非常糟糕，夏天炎熱潮濕，冬季寒冷多雪。故選C項?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：無家可歸迫使我利用學校提供的一切資源，因為我想盡可能少地待在我的廂式貨車里。A.permitted批準，許可；B.forced強迫；C.required需要；D.expected期望。根據(jù)語境并結合常理可知，沒有溫暖的住所迫使作者盡可能充分利用校園里能提供的一切便利條件。故選B項?！?9題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：無家可歸迫使我利用學校提供的一切資源，因為我想盡可能少地待在我的廂式貨車里。A.since因為，自從；B.although盡管；C.unless除非；D.while然而，當……時。根據(jù)前后的邏輯關系可知，此處用since引導原因狀語從句，因為作者想在車里待的時間盡可能少一些。故選A項?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的大部分業(yè)余時間都在圖書館度過。A.campus校園；B.playground操場；C.dormitory宿舍；D.library圖書館。根據(jù)前文“Beinghomelessmetouseeverythingthecampush