01江蘇南京卷-2023年中考英語摸底卷

【名師研究】2023年中考英語摸底卷01江蘇南京卷（滿分90分，考試時間90分鐘）選擇題（共40分）一、單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請認(rèn)真閱讀下列各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。1．Ourmonitorhasjustgonetothegym,butIdon’tknow________hewilleback.A．howfast B．howfar C．howlong D．howsoon【答案】D【解析】句意：我們班長剛?cè)ンw育館了，但我不知道他多久會回來?？疾橐蓡柖陶Z。howfast多快，主要對速度提問；howfar多遠(yuǎn)，主要用于對距離的提問；howlong多長時間，用于對一段時間提問；howsoon多久之后，一般用于將來時態(tài)。根據(jù)題干“hewilleback.”可知句子時態(tài)是一般將來時，故選D。2．Accordingtothenewtrafficrules,people________wearahelmetwhenridinganebike.A．might B．may C．can D．must【答案】D【解析】句意：根據(jù)新的交通規(guī)則，人們騎電動車時必須戴頭盔?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。might可能；may可能；can能夠；must必須；根據(jù)“Accordingtothenewtrafficrules”及語境可知，此處表達(dá)的是必須，指人們必須戴頭盔，故選D。3．Taichi,partofChineseculture,isanexercisewhichhelpspeopleimprove________inhealth.A．themselves B．ourselves C．itself D．myself【答案】A【解析】句意：太極拳是中國文化的一部分，是一種幫助人們改善健康的運動?？疾榇~辨析。themselves他們自己；ourselves我們自己；itself它自己；myself我自己。根據(jù)“whichhelpspeopleimprove...inhealth”可推出是幫助人們改善他們自己的健康，用themselves。故選A。4．—DoyouknowLiZiqi?—Ofcourse.Sheisabeautifulgirl________hasmademanyvideostoshowatraditionalChinesewayoflife.A．what B．/ C．which D．who【答案】D【解析】句意：——你認(rèn)識李子柒嗎？——當(dāng)然。她是一個美麗的女孩，她制作了許多視頻來展示中國傳統(tǒng)的生活方式。考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。根據(jù)題意是缺少定語從句關(guān)系詞，what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句；which定語從句關(guān)系詞，先行詞指物，who定語從句關(guān)系詞，先行詞指人，先行詞是abeautifulgirl可知，關(guān)系詞用who，在定語從句中作主語，故選D。5．Anewfactory________todealwithwaterpollutionlastmonth.A．wasbuilt B．willbebuilt C．hasbeenbuilt D．hasbuilt【答案】A【解析】句意：上個月建了一個新工廠來處理水污染?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語Anewfactory與謂語動詞之間是動賓關(guān)系，表示“被建立”，用被動語態(tài)，且由“l(fā)astmonth”可知，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)（was/weredone）。故選A。6．TomandIbelongtoateam.Ifhedoesn’tagreeontheplan,________.A．neitherdoI B．neitherIwill C．nordoI D．neitherwillI【答案】D【解析】句意：湯姆和我是一個隊的。如果他不同意這個計劃，我也不同意。考查倒裝句。根據(jù)“Ifhedoesn’tagreeontheplan”可知，主句應(yīng)該是說“我也不同意”；結(jié)合“if主將從現(xiàn)原則”，主句時態(tài)是一般將來時；再者根據(jù)倒裝句“某人也不……：neither助動詞sb.”可知，neitherwillI符合句意。故選D。7．—Goodnews!AnothernewmemberintheBeidoufamilywassentintospace.—Scientiststriedtheirbesttopayattentiontoeverydetail.Tothem,________.A．itneverrainsbutitpours B．a(chǎn)friendinneedisafriendindeedC．a(chǎn)missisasgoodasamile D．thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside【答案】C【解析】句意：——好消息！北斗大家庭的另一個新成員被送入太空?！茖W(xué)家們盡力注意每一個細(xì)節(jié)。對他們來說，失之毫厘，謬以千里。考查常識習(xí)語。itneverrainsbutitpours不鳴則已，一鳴驚人；afriendinneedisafriendindeed患難見真情；amissisasgoodasamile失之毫厘，謬以千里；thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside這山望著那山高。根據(jù)“Scientiststriedtheirbesttopayattentiontoeverydetail”可知，科學(xué)家們盡力注意每一個細(xì)節(jié)。所以對他們來說，失之毫厘，謬以千里。故選C。8．ThefilmTheBattleAtLakeChangjinⅡhasreceivedhighpraisesinceit________onscreen.A．put B．isput C．wasput D．willbeput【答案】C【解析】句意：電影《長津湖之水門橋》自從上映以來就獲得了高度的好評?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。根據(jù)“ThefilmTheBattleAtLakeChangjinⅡhasreceivedhighpraisesinceit...onscreen”可知since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時；再分析主語和動詞可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選C。9．________badweather!Thestrongesttornado(龍卷風(fēng))inhistoryhitsixstatesinAmericalastmonth.A．Whata B．What C．How D．Howa【答案】B【解析】句意：多么糟糕的天氣！上個月，歷史上最強的龍卷風(fēng)襲擊了美國六個州。考查感嘆句。英語感嘆句由how和what引導(dǎo)，有四種結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)How+形容詞（+主語+謂語）！(2)What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（+主語+謂語）！（3）What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（+主語+謂語）?。?）What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）！由句中“weather”是不可數(shù)名詞，可知使用“What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）！”結(jié)構(gòu)，故選B。10．—Couldyoutellme_______?—YoucansearchforitontheInternet.A．howmuchthepopulationofIndiais B．whatwilllifeonMarsbelikeC．ifthelastbushadleft D．whowrotethiswonderfulpoem【答案】D【解析】句意：——你能告訴我誰寫了這首精彩的詩歌嗎？——你可以上網(wǎng)搜索一下?？疾橘e語從句。賓語從句需要用陳述句語序，排除B；對population提問，應(yīng)用what，排除A；結(jié)合句中“YoucansearchforitontheInternet.”可知，通過搜索可以得到答案，選項D符合語境。故選D。11．WeareshockedbythecrashofflightMU5735.Our________andprayersarewiththefamiliesandlovedonesofthepassengersandcrewontheflight.A．thoughts B．themes C．therapies D．things【答案】A【解析】句意：我們對MU5735航班的墜毀感到震驚。我們向機(jī)上乘客和機(jī)組人員的家人和親人致以思念和祈禱。考查名詞辨析。thoughts思念，關(guān)心；themes主題；therapies治療；things東西。根據(jù)“withthefamiliesandlovedonesofthepassengersandcrewontheflight.”可知，此處是指思念和祈禱。故選A。12．—WillyoupleastellRobintoeearlytohelpusgetreadyfortheparty?—Allright.I’lltellhimatonce________.A．ifIseehim B．ifI’llseehim C．until1seehim D．untilI’llseehim【答案】A【解析】句意：——請你告訴Robin早點來幫我們準(zhǔn)備聚會好嗎？——好的，如果我看見他，我立刻告訴他?？疾闋钫Z從句。根據(jù)“I’lltellhimatonce”可知此處表條件，如果看到他，就立刻告訴他，用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)原則，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。故選A。13．TheastronautsinShenzhou13hadrealtime_________withthegroundclassroomsinfivecitiestospreadtheknowledgeofspacetoyoungpeople.A．conclusion B．munication C．contribution D．petition【答案】B【解析】句意：神舟十三號的宇航員與五個城市的地面教室進(jìn)行了實時通信，向年輕人傳播太空知識?？疾槊~辨析。conclusion推斷；munication通信；contribution貢獻(xiàn)；petition競爭。根據(jù)“TheastronautsinShenzhou13hadrealtime…withthegroundclassroomsinfivecitiestospreadtheknowledgeofspacetoyoungpeople.”可知，宇航員與地面的教室進(jìn)行了通信，傳播了太空知識，故選B。14．Shedreamsofgoingto________university,suchasPekingUniversity.A．a(chǎn)n B．the C．a(chǎn) D．/【答案】C【解析】句意：她夢想上一所大學(xué)，比如北京大學(xué)。考查冠詞。根據(jù)“suchasPekingUniversity”可知想要上非特指的一所大學(xué)，university以輔音音素開頭，其前用不定冠詞a。故選C。15．ThereisaChinesesayingthatgoes,“Thewholeyear’swork________agoodstartinspring.”A．carrieson B．standsfor C．makesup D．dependson【答案】D【解析】句意：有一句中國諺語，“一年之計在于春”。考查動詞短語。carryon繼續(xù)；standfor代表；makeup彌補；dependon依據(jù)。根據(jù)“Thewholeyear’swork...agoodstartinspring.”可知一整年的工作取決于春天的好開始。故選D。二、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。MaLiisadessertshopownerinYinchuan,Ningxia.Onacoolmorning,shereceivedanonline____16____butittookanhourforhertowaitforthedeliveryman（外賣送餐員）.Whenthedeliverymancame,Mawasalittle____17____.“Itistoocoldoutsideandmymotorbikedidn’twork,”explainedthedeliveryman.Aftersheheardhiswords,herangerwas____18____.Sheinvitedhimtositforawhileandofferedhimacupofhotwater.Atthatmoment,Manoticedthedeliveryman’sfaceandhandsweredarkpurple____19____hewasworkingoutsidefortoolong.Shefeltsorryforhim.Whiletheyweretalking,Maknewthatthedeliverymanwantedtobuyherdaughtera____20____,buthethoughtitwasalittleexpensive.Afterthedeliverymanleft,Ma____21____whathappenedjustnowonherWeChatMoments（微信朋友圈）withtwophotosofthedeliveryman.Heartwarmingments（評論）pouredin,suchas“l(fā)ifeisnoteasybut____22____ofusgiveup!”,“Thumbsup（點贊）forhardworkingpeople”and“Showingunderstandingtodeliverymen.”Some____23____offeredmoneyforacake.Thenextday,Magotintouchwiththedeliverymanandinvitedhimtohershop.Whentheymet,Maexpressedpeople’skindnesstohimandgavehimacakeforhisdaughter’sbirthday.Thedeliverymanwas____24____.Mareceivedmorethan600yuanindonations（捐獻(xiàn)）____25____herfriendsandcustomers.Shesaidshewouldusethemoneytooffersomehelptopeopleinneed.16．A．gift B．order C．ticket D．invitation17．A．excited B．sad C．happy D．a(chǎn)ngry18．A．gone B．stopped C．lost D．broken19．A．because B．so C．when D．though20．A．schoolbag B．birthdaycake C．newcoat D．puter21．A．found B．remembered C．shared D．heard22．A．a(chǎn)ll B．each C．most D．none23．A．even B．never C．hardly D．ever24．A．helpful B．careful C．thankful D．wonderful25．A．to B．from C．with D．for【短文大意】本文是一篇記敘文，向我們展示了外賣送餐員的努力和對女兒的愛以及店主和顧客們的愛?！敬鸢附馕觥?6．句意：在一個涼爽的早晨，她收到了一份網(wǎng)上訂單，但她花了一個小時等外賣送餐員。gift禮物；order訂單；ticket票；invitation邀請。根據(jù)“Onacoolmorning,shereceivedanonline…butittookanhourforhertowaitforthedeliveryman.”可知，應(yīng)該是網(wǎng)上訂單，故選B。17．句意：當(dāng)外賣送餐員來的時候，馬有點生氣。excited激動的；sad悲傷的；happy開心的；angry生氣的。根據(jù)“butittookanhourforhertowaitforthedeliveryman”可知，外賣送餐員耗時很久才來，所以馬很生氣，故選D。18．句意：聽了他的話，她的怒氣消失了。gone去；stopped停止；lost丟失；broken打破。根據(jù)“Sheinvitedhimtositforawhileandofferedhimacupofhotwater.”可知，馬聽了外賣送餐員說的話，不生氣了，故選A。19．句意：這時，馬注意到外賣送餐員的臉和手都是深紫色的，因為他在外面工作太久了。because因為；so所以；when當(dāng)……時；though雖然。“hewasworkingoutsidefortoolong”是“Manoticedthedeliveryman’sfaceandhandsweredarkpurple”的原因，用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，故選A。20．句意：在他們談話的時候，馬知道外賣送餐員想給她的女兒買一個生日蛋糕，但是他覺得有點貴。schoolbag書包；birthdaycake生日蛋糕；newcoat新外套；puter電腦。根據(jù)“Whentheymet,Maexpressedpeople’skindnesstohimandgavehimacakeforhisdaughter’sbirthday.”可知，是生日蛋糕，故選B。21．句意：外賣送餐員離開后，馬在微信朋友圈分享了外賣送餐員的兩張照片。found發(fā)現(xiàn)；remembered記得；shared分享；heard聽見。分析“Ma…whathappenedjustnowonherWeChatMoments（微信朋友圈）withtwophotosofthedeliveryman”可知，此處是share…with…短語，意為“與……分享……”，故選C。22．句意：感人的評論如潮水般涌來，比如生活并不容易，但我們沒有人會放棄！all所有的；each每個；most大多數(shù)；none沒有。由but可知，前后文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表示“生活不容易，但是沒有人放棄”，故選D。23．句意：有些人甚至出錢買蛋糕。even甚至；never從不；hardly幾乎不；ever曾經(jīng)。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容和“Some…offeredmoneyforacake.”可知，此處強調(diào)程度，“甚至”符合語境，故選A。24．句意：外賣送餐員很感激。helpful樂于助人的；careful仔細(xì)的；thankful感謝的；wonderful極好的。根據(jù)“Whentheymet,Maexpressedpeople’skindnesstohimandgavehimacakeforhisdaughter’sbirthday.”可知，外賣送餐員表達(dá)對他人善意的感激，故選C。25．句意：馬收到了朋友和顧客的600多元捐款。to到；from從；with和；for為了。分析“Mareceivedmorethan600yuanindonations（捐獻(xiàn)）…h(huán)erfriendsandcustomers.”可知，此處強調(diào)捐款的出處，故選B。三、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請認(rèn)真閱讀下列材料，從材料后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AYoumusthavemanyhobbies,reading,paintingandsoon.Oneday,youhappentoseeaposter,“WorldBookDay.”Interested,youstopandreadtheposter.HelloandweletoWorldBookDayWorldBookDayisheretochangelivesthroughaloveofbooksandsharedreading,andbringbookstothechildrenwhoneedthemmost.WorldBookDayisanexcellentchanceforeveryonetocelebratethejoyofreading.?ShareAStoryLiveourexcitingdigitaleventsprogrammebeamingauthors（作家）straightintoyourschool.?Raisingmoney,raisingreadersourfundraisingideastohelpuschangelivesthroughreading.?WorldBookDayBookClubanewonlinereadingmunity.?ShareAStoryCornerstoriestoencouragefamiliestoreadtogether.HappyWorldBookDay！Foruptodateinformation,visitourwebsiteworldbookday.!WorldBookDayisaspecialdayforpeopleto________.A．celebratethejoyofreading B．changelivesbyraisingmoneyC．meetfamousauthorsathome D．enjoywritinginlocalmunities27．Accordingtotheposter,ifyouwanttoreadstorieswithyourparents,youcanjoin________.A．ShareAStoryLive B．ShareAStoryCornerC．WorldBookDayBookClub D．Raisingmoney,raisingreaders28．Thedesigneruseswordsandpicturesintheposterto________.A．catchreaders’attention B．encouragefamiliestowritebooksC．helpreadersformreadinghabits D．remenddifferenttypesofbooks【短文大意】本文是世界讀書日的海報，向我們介紹世界讀書日的相關(guān)活動。【答案解析】26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WorldBookDayisanexcellentchanceforeveryonetocelebratethejoyofreading.”可知，世界讀書日是每個人慶祝閱讀樂趣的絕佳機(jī)會。故選A。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ShareAStoryCornerstoriestoencouragefamiliestoreadtogether.”可知，分享故事角——鼓勵家庭一起閱讀的故事。故選B。28．推理判斷題。本文是世界讀書日的海報，作者使用文字和圖片是為了吸引讀者的注意力。故選A。BIfyouhaveproblemsdescribingpeople,don’tworry!We’llusepopularfilmcharacters(角色)tohelpyoulearnsomeusefulwords.NaiveMeaning:Ifsomeoneisnaive,theyhavelittleexperienceandbelievegoodthingswillalwayshappen.Example:InthefilmEI,Buddyisanaivepersonwhogrowsupwithelves(精靈).Oneday,hegoestoNewYorkCitybutfindsthingsverydifferentthere.Director:DavidBerenbaumLoyalMeaning:Ifyou’reloyal,youalwaysgivesupporttoapersonoragroupandhelpthemandacthonestly.Example:InthefilmToyStory,Woodyisloyaltohisfriendsandowner,Andy.HestayswithAndy,evenwhenAndygrowsupandgoestocollege.Director:JohnLasseterDemandingMeaning:Ifsomeoneisdemanding,theyarenoteasilysatisfiedorpleased.Example:InthefilmTheDevilWearsPrada,Mirandaisverydemanding.Shealwaysworksveryhard,andexpectsotherstodothesame.Director:DavidFrankelTalentedMeaning:Ifyou’retalented,youhaveanaturalabilitytodosomethingwell.Example:InthefilmMcFarland,USA,coachWhitenoticessometalentedrunnersinhisPEclass.Heformsacrosscountrygroupthatracesagainstotherschools.Director:NikiCaroWhichwordisusedtodescribeapersonwithanaturalabilitytodosomethingwell?A．Naive. B．Loyal. C．Demanding. D．Talented.30．Whoalwaysgivessupporttofriendsaccordingtothefilms?A．Buddy. B．Woody. C．DavidFrankel. D．NikiCaro.31．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A．Sport. B．Travel. C．Environment. D．Language.【短文大意】本文用流行的電影角色，來幫助讀者學(xué)習(xí)一些有用的單詞。【答案解析】29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TalentedMeaning:Ifyou’retalented,youhaveanaturalabilitytodosomethingwell.”可知，Talented“有天賦的”被用來描述一個有天生能力做好某事的人。故選D。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifyou’reloyal,youalwaysgivesupporttoapersonoragroupandhelpthemandacthonestly.”和“InthefilmToyStory,Woodyisloyaltohisfriendsandowner,Andy.”可知，Woody總是支持朋友。故選B。31．推理判斷題。本文用流行的電影角色，來幫助讀者學(xué)習(xí)一些有用的單詞，所以推測可能在雜志的語言部分看到。故選D。CInDecember2020,“theSuperApple”appearedatsupermarketsacrossChina,sweeterandjuicierthanusualones,withoutpesticideresidue(農(nóng)藥殘留).Beforereachingthemarket,theproductshadbeentestedover500times.Blockchain(區(qū)塊鏈)technologyinrecordingfarmers’actionsiswidelyusedtoavoidnonstandardpesticideuse.Digitaltechnologyattheapplestoragehelpstogroupapples,whichcankeepthestability(穩(wěn)定性)

inthequality.“Thefutureofagricultureliesinthemoderntechnology.”HuangJikun,ProfessoroftheChinaCentreforAgriculturalPolicyatPekingUniversity,toldBeijingReview.AtChina’sCentralRuralWorkConferencein2020,PresidentXistressedthateffortsmustbemadetoincreasethequalityofagriculture.Xialsopointedouttheimportanceofspeedinguptechnologies.China’sagriculturehasenteredastageofhighqualitydevelopment,asthecountryismeetingpeople’sincreasingneedforhighstandardproducts.Soagricultureshouldturntotechnology.Threeyearsago,YuanLongpingledaprogramofplantingriceinsaline－alkali(鹽堿)soilinareas,includingXinjiangandHeilongjiang.Throughhybridtechnology,Yuan’steamhavebeenabletoraiseimprovedriceforsalineandalkalinesoils.IfChinacouldput6.67millionhectaresofsaline－alkalisoilintoriceproduction,itwouldbeverylikelytoincreasebyaround30milliontons,ahugecontributiontothecountry.InLushui,YunnanProvince,onecanrarelyseefarmersworkingonthefarm.Allmontasksarepletedautomatically(自動化地).Data(數(shù)據(jù))

isgatheredbythesystemtoimprovefutureproduction.“Moreinformationandtechnologycentreswillbebuiltsothatbasicdataandbigdatacanbeimproved,andtechnologieslike5GandtheBeiDouSatelliteNavigationSystemcanbeusedinthefield.”saidHanFujun,DeputyChiefEngineeroftheInformationCenterofMARA．Since2010,theChinesegovernmenthasbeenorganizingtechnologyexchanges,training,fieldtripsandotheractivitiesfortheagriculturaltechnologytalentstobetterunderstandthesituationsofeacharea.BecauseoftheCOVID19,paniesbegintorethinkbetteragriculturalmodels,

asmorepeoplewanttoeathealthierfoods.Scienceandtechnologywillplayamoreimportantroleinthefuture.32．Whichofthefollowingmakes”theSuperApple”sweeterandjuicier?A．Theapplestorage. B．Themoderntechnology.C．Theproducttest. D．Therecordoffarmers’actions.33．Fromthepassageweknowthat________.A．traditionalChineseagricultureisoutofdatenowB．farmerswillpaylessattentiontotechnologiesC．China’sagricultureplaysaleadroleintheworldD．peoplenowneedmorequalityagriculturalproducts34．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Yuan’sprogramisahugecontributiontoChina.B．FarmersarebusycollectingthedatainLushui.C．5GandBeiDousystemarerarelyusedinthecentres.D．Talentsorganizeactivitiestounderstandeacharea.35．Thepassagemainlywantstotellus________.A．YuanLongpingisagreatChinesescientistinfarmingB．China’sagriculturedevelopsfasttomeetpeople’sneedC．scienceandtechnologyimprovesChina’sagricultureD．moreagriculturalmodelswillappearafterCOVID19【短文大意】本文主要講述了為了滿足人民群眾對高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)產(chǎn)品的需求，需要把農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)向技術(shù)，文中列舉了袁隆平團(tuán)隊在新疆和黑龍江等鹽堿地種植水稻以及云南農(nóng)民自動化完成所有的工作，更加驗證了科學(xué)技術(shù)在未來將發(fā)揮更重要的作用。【答案解析】32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Digitaltechnologyattheapplestoragehelpstogroupapples,whichcankeepthestability(穩(wěn)定性)inthequality”可知，是科技讓這種蘋果更甜，汁更多，故選B。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“asthecountryismeetingpeople’sincreasingneedforhighstandardproducts”可知，人們現(xiàn)在需要更多的優(yōu)質(zhì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，故選D。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“IfChinacouldput6.67millionhectaresofsaline－alkalisoilintoriceproduction,itwouldbeverylikelytoincreasebyaround30milliontons,ahugecontributiontothecountry”可知，袁隆平帶領(lǐng)團(tuán)隊成功在鹽堿地種植水稻是對國家的一個巨大貢獻(xiàn)，A選項表述正確，故選A。35．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了在科學(xué)和科技的幫助下，農(nóng)業(yè)進(jìn)入了高質(zhì)量發(fā)展階段，故選C。DIt’sbeenoverayearsinceCOVID19firstappearedandtheviruscontinuestobeaprobleminmanypartsoftheworld,scientistshaverealizedthedevelopmentofvaccines(疫苗)isasolutiontothepandemic.Aglobalefforttovaccinateasmanypeopleaspossiblewouldbeneeded,sincevaccinestypicallytakeyearstodevelop.OnDec2,2020,thefirstCOVIDvaccine,thePfizervaccine,wasapproved(批準(zhǔn))byUKhealthdepartment.However,thesevaccinesmustbestoredatverylowtemperatures,whichisnotpossibleeverywhere.Inresponse,ChinesepanieslikeSinopharmandSinovachavedevelopedvaccinesthatcanbekeptatnormaltemperatures.Now,vaccinesarebeingrolledoutallovertheworld,withmillionsofpeoplebeingvaccinatedeveryday.InChina,285millionvaccinedoses(劑量)hadbeengivensofar.Meanwhile,theUShasgivenout247milliondoses.TheUKnowstandsat50milliondoses.Althoughtherehavebeenrumorsaboutvaccinesbeingunsafe,mostofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity(群體免疫)inordertostopthevirusfromspreading.Theworldhasetounderstandthatthevaccineswillprotectus.Therefore,sharingvaccineshasbeeakeyfactorofstayingsafeandhealthyworldwide.Unfortunately,noteveryonecangetthevaccineyet.Childrenbelowtheageof16can’tbevaccinatedbecausetheyhavenotyetbeentestedonthem.Thosewhohaveahistoryofvaccineallergies(過敏)shouldn’tgetit,either.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。36．Thevaccinedevelopedby________cannotbestoredatnormaltemperatures.A．UKhealthdepartment B．SinopharmC．Sinovac D．Pfizer37．Accordingtothepassage,________millionvaccinedoseshadbeengivensofarinChina.A．50 B．247 C．285 D．58238．Inparagraph4,theunderlinedword‘‘rumors”probablymeans________.A．謊言 B．謠言 C．建議 D．騙局39．Thepurposeforvaccinatingasmanypeopleaspossibleisto________.A．buildmassimmunity B．sharethevaccinesC．developvaccinesquickly D．geteveryonevaccinated40．Inparagraph5,theword“they”,intheunderlinedsentencerefersto________.A．children B．panies C．vaccines D．experts【短文大意】本文主要介紹為了解決新冠肺炎病毒的傳播，人們陸續(xù)意識到接種疫苗的重要性，本文主要以數(shù)據(jù)來說明接種疫苗的普遍性，以及不能接種疫苗的人群有哪些?！敬鸢附馕觥?6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“OnDec2,2020,thefirstCOVIDvaccine,thePfizervaccine,wasapproved(批準(zhǔn))byUKhealthdepartment”可知，由輝瑞疫苗研制的疫苗不能在正常溫度中儲存，故選D。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InChina,285millionvaccinedoses(劑量)hadbeengivensofar”可知，到目前為止，中國共接種了2.85億劑疫苗，故選C。38．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Althoughtherehavebeenrumorsaboutvaccinesbeingunsafe,mostofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity(群體免疫)inordertostopthevirusfromspreading”可知，盡管還有很多關(guān)于疫苗不安全的謠言，但是大部分人們已經(jīng)意識到接種疫苗的重要性，所以rumors表示“謠言”，故選B。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“mostofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity(群體免疫)inordertostopthevirusfromspreading”可知，讓盡可能多的人接種疫苗的目的是建立群體免疫，故選A。40．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Childrenbelowtheageof16can’tbevaccinatedbecausetheyhavenotyetbeentestedonthem”可知，此處指這些疫苗還沒有在16歲以下孩子身上測試過，所以they指代“疫苗”，故選C。非選擇題（共50分）四、填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）A)請根據(jù)括號中所給的漢語寫出單詞，使句子意思完整正確。41．Mymotherwasangrywithmeforbeinghomelate,butshewenteven________(發(fā)瘋)atmewhenshewastoldIfailedtheexam.【答案】crazier【解析】句意：我媽媽因為我回家晚了而生我的氣，但當(dāng)她聽說我考試不及格時，她對我更發(fā)火了。根據(jù)空前的went及空后at可知，此處是短語gocrazyatsb“對某人發(fā)火”，空前even修飾比較級，所以此處用crazier。故填crazier。42．WiththehelpofTianwen,manystarsmaysoonbe________(發(fā)現(xiàn))byscientists.【答案】discovered【解析】句意：在“天問”的幫助下，科學(xué)家們可能很快就會發(fā)現(xiàn)許多星星。discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，主語“manystars”與動詞“discover”之間是被動關(guān)系，故此處應(yīng)填過去分詞，故填discovered。43．China’s_______(人口)won’tgrowfastandthefamiliesaregettingsmaller.【答案】population【解析】句意：中國的人口不會快速增長，家庭數(shù)量也在減少。根據(jù)所給漢語意思可知，空缺處應(yīng)該填的是名詞population“人口”，集合名詞。故填population。44．Everyotherweeksingershavetolearnadifferentsongandactit_________(在現(xiàn)場直播)onTVonSaturdaynight.【答案】live【解析】句意：每隔一周，歌手們必須學(xué)會一首不同的歌，并且在周日晚上在電視上現(xiàn)場直播表演它。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)填入副詞。live“在現(xiàn)場直播”，副詞，符合結(jié)構(gòu)及句意。故填live。45．I________(后悔)havingboughtarobotlikethis.SoIwantedtogetmymoneyback.【答案】regretted【解析】句意：我后悔買了這樣的機(jī)器人。所以我想拿回我的錢。regret“后悔”，動詞；根據(jù)“wanted”可知，時態(tài)是一般過去時，謂語動詞用其過去式。故填regretted。B)請根據(jù)句子意思，用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。46．ZhangRuoxu,aTangDynastypoet,iswidely_______forhispoemAMoonlitNightontheSpringRiver.(know)【答案】known【解析】句意：唐代詩人張若虛以《春江花月夜》聞名于世。beknownfor以……而聞名，用形容詞作表語，故填known。47．Thosewhosaidlookingafterchildrenwasaneasywaytomakemoneyclearly________(notmeet)suchaterribleboy,shethinks.【答案】haven’tmet【解析】句意：她認(rèn)為，那些說照看孩子很容易賺錢的人顯然沒有遇到過這么糟糕的男孩。分析“Thosewhosaidlookingafterchildrenwasaneasywaytomakemoneyclearly...suchaterribleboy”可知，此處強調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，故填haven’tmet。48．Formostofus,learningnottodothethingswe’reusedto________(require)greateffort.【答案】requires【解析】句意：對于我們大多數(shù)人來說，學(xué)習(xí)不做我們習(xí)慣做的事情需要很大的努力。本句中“we’reusedto”是定語從句，修飾先行詞“things”，因此這里“require”是謂語動詞；本句是動名詞短語“l(fā)earningnottodothethings”作主語，因此謂語用單數(shù)，描述客觀事實為一般現(xiàn)在時，因此動詞用三單。故填requires。49．Showyournamestotheteachers,andthey_________(lead)youtothenewclass.【答案】willlead【解析】句意：向老師們展示你們的名字，他們會帶你們?nèi)バ碌陌嗉墶４司涫瞧硎咕?and+簡單句的結(jié)構(gòu)，通常簡單句用一般將來時willdo的結(jié)構(gòu)，故填willlead。50．Herbrotherhadagood________(choose)abouthisworkinhisfuture.【答案】choice【解析】句意：她哥哥對他將來的工作有很好的選擇。a修飾名詞的單數(shù)形式，choose對應(yīng)的名詞是choice“選擇”，故填choice。C)請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下面方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語填空，使短文內(nèi)容完整正確。attendinterestclassroomliveoneOntheafternoonofDecember9,2021,theShenzhouXIIItaikonauts(中國宇航員)ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfugavethe___51___sciencelessoninChina’sTiangongspacestation.Theclasslastedabout45minutes.Atotalof1,420students___52___it.Theywerefromfive___53___inBeiing,Nanning,Wenchuan,HongKongandMacao.Atthebeginningoftheclass,Wangshowedthestudentsaroundtheir___54___andworkingplaces,includingtheirbedrooms,kitchen,fitnessroomandlab.Inthekitchen,thestudentscouldseeamicrowave(微波),awatercoolerandaminifridge.Afterthetour,thethreetaikonautsdidseveral___55___scientificexperiments.Forexample,theydidanexperimentwithawaterballinaweightless(失重的)environment.YeandWangalsoexplainedwhytaikonautscannotwalkinspaceliketheydoonthegroundofher.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了神舟十三號的三位宇航員在天宮空間站進(jìn)行太空授課的情況。【答案解析】51．句意：2021年12月9日下午，神舟十三號航天員翟志剛、王亞平、葉光富在中國天宮空間站進(jìn)行了第一節(jié)科學(xué)課。根據(jù)“gavethe...sciencelessoninChina’s”以及首字母可知，是上了第一節(jié)科學(xué)課，此處用序數(shù)詞first“第一”。故填first。52．句意：共有1420名學(xué)生參加。根據(jù)“Atotalof1,420students...it”以及所給詞可知是1420名學(xué)生參加了這節(jié)課，描述過去的動作，用一般過去時，動詞用過去式attended“參加”。故填attended。53．句意：他們來自北寧、南寧、汶川、香港和澳門的五個教室。根據(jù)“Atotalof1,420students...it.Theywerefromfive...”以及所給詞可知這些學(xué)生來自5個教室，數(shù)詞five后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)classrooms“教室”。故填classrooms。54．句意：開課時，王老師帶學(xué)生參觀了他們的生活和工作場所。根據(jù)“includingtheirbedrooms,kitchen”以及所給詞可知是生活場所，livingplace“生活場所”。故填living。55．句意：參觀結(jié)束后，三位航天員做了幾個有趣的科學(xué)實驗。根據(jù)“several...scientificexperiments”以及所給詞可知是有趣的科學(xué)實驗，修飾名詞用形容詞interesting“有趣的”。故填interesting。五、閱讀填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）A)請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個空格只填1個單詞。請將答案填寫在橫線上。Examsareafactofschoollifeformostpeople.Almosteveryoneworriesaboutthemandfeelsstressed,althoughtheyhavepreparedwell.Alittlestresscausedbytheexamsisusefulasitcansharpenyourmindandmotivate（激發(fā)）youtodowell.Buttoomuchstresscanstopyouworkingtothebestofyourabilities,soit’simportantnottoletitgetoutofcontrol.Herearesomeideastohelpyou.Thekeystobeingpreparedforexamsandavoidingunnecessaryexamstressareknowingwhatyouneedtoknow,planningandpreparingforyourrevision（復(fù)習(xí)）,andgivingyourselfenoughtimetodoit.Ifyoucan,findacopyofthesyllabusforeachsubject.Thistellsyouwhatyouneedtoknowandgivesyouthetopicsforrevision.Makeaweekbyweekrevisiontimetablecharttodisplayinyourworkspace.Includethetopicsyouneedtocoverforeachsubject.About12weeksbeforeyourfirstexam,recordthedatesandtimesforeachofyourexamsinyourplannerordiaryandmakeacopytoputonyourwallathome.Duringyourexamperiod,youwantyourbraintoworkatitsverybest,sobuildinrelaxationtimebeforebed,avoidlatenightrevisionsessionsandtrytogotobedearlysoyougetenoughsleep.Ifpanic（驚慌）startstocreepin,trytoreplaceyournegativethoughtswithmorepositive（積極的）ones,suchas‘It’sgoingtobeOK?Ifyouhavedifficultyansweringaquestion,leaveitandmoveontothenextone—don’tspendtimetyingyourselfinmental（思想上的）knotsovereachquestion.Youarenotalonewhiledealingwiththestress.Callpsychological（心理的）hotlinetoshareyourworriesandgethelpfromothersgoingthroughthesameexperience.Rememberthatthereislifeafterexams.Thingsmayfeelstressfulrightnow,butitwon’tlastforever.Andthentherestofyourlifewillstillbethere.TheExamStressSituation_____56_____aboutexamsisarealfactforalmosteveryoneatschool.ProblemThoughalittleexamstressdoesgoodtoyou,toomuchmaymakeyou_____57_____toworkaswellasyoucan.HowtocontrolexamstressCarefulpreparationisnecessarytostopyoufromworries.Findacopyofthesyllabusforeachsubjecttogetnecessary_____58_____.Makearevisiontimetablechartforevery_____59_____todisplayinyourworkspace,includingnecessarytopics.Prepareforyourexams_____60_____andremindyourselfofthedatesandtimesforeachexam.Makeyourself_____61_____beforebedtimeandgetenoughsleep.Tryto_____62_____yourselftostaypositive.Ifyoumeetdifficultquestions,justmoveon,insteadof_____63_____howtoanswerthemtoolong.Turntopsychologicalhotlineandthoseinthesameboatfor_____64_____.Rememberstresswilldisappearbutyour_____65_____willgoon.【短文大意】考前有壓力是正常的，本文針對考前壓力給出一些建議。【答案解析】56．根據(jù)“Almosteveryoneworriesaboutthemandfeelsstressed”可知，幾乎每個人都擔(dān)心考試，感到壓力，worryabout為……感到擔(dān)心，在句中作主語，用動名詞形式，句首需大寫首字母。故填Worrying。57．根據(jù)“Buttoomuchstresscanstopyouworkingtothebestofyourabilities”可知，太多的壓力會阻礙你發(fā)揮出最好的能力，failtodosth未能做某事,beunabletodosth不能做某事，makesbdosth讓某人做某事，故填fail/unable。58．根據(jù)“Ifyoucan,findacopyofthesyllabusforeachsubject.Thistellsyouwhatyouneedtoknowandgivesyouthetopicsforrevision.”可知，如果可以的話，找一份每門課的教學(xué)大綱，這會告訴你你需要知道什么，并給你復(fù)習(xí)的主題。也就是通過每個主題的教學(xué)大綱來獲取信息，故填information。59．根據(jù)“Makeaweekbyweekrevisiontimetablecharttodisplayinyourworkspace.”可知，在你的工作空間里做一個每周復(fù)習(xí)時間表。故填week。60．根據(jù)“About12weeksbeforeyourfirstexam,recordthedatesandtimesforeachofyourexamsinyourplanner”可知，在你第一次考試前12周，把每一次考試的日期和時間記錄在你的計劃或日記本上，也就是要提前準(zhǔn)備，故填early/ahead。61．根據(jù)“sob