2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語單元素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)Unit5WorkingtheLand含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

PAGE單元素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)(五)(Unit5)(120分鐘150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。Text1W:It’snearly7.Ifyouwanttocatchthe8o’clocktrain,you’dbettergonow.M:Don’tworry.I’lldrivetothestation.W:Inthatcase,letmegowithyouandyoudropmeoffatthecitycentre.①I’llgotothesquaremarket.1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Catchatrain. B.Seethemanoff.C.Goshopping.答案:CText2M:I’mthinkingaboutmovingoutofmyplace.W:Howcome?Isitfarfromyourworkplace?M:No.Withthreekidsgrowingupandreachingschoolage,②myhouseistoosmall.2.Whydoesthemanwanttomove?A.Tobenearhisoffice. B.Toliveinabiggerhouse.C.Togotoagoodschool.答案:BText3M:It’sverycoldinhere.I’mgoingtoturntheheaterontowarmthisplaceupalittle.W:WhydoyouthinkI’mdrinkinghotchocolate?③Here,takethisblanket.Theheaterisn’tworkingrightnow.3.Whatwillthemanprobablydotostaywarm?A.Useablanket.B.Turnontheheater.C.Drinksomehotchocolate.答案:AText4W:Englishisaneasylanguagetolearn.Don’tyouthinkso,④Daming?M:④I’mafraidit’sdifficultforme,Susan.Butmybrotherisgoodatit.4.WhohasdifficultyinlearningEnglish?A.Susan. B.Daming.C.Daming’sbrother.答案:BText5W:Whendidtheplanearrive?M:Ataquarterpasteleven.W:⑤Doyouthinkyou’llrecognizeJoewhenyouseehim?M:Idon’tknow.Ihaven’tseenhimsincehewas7.Timeflies.Now9yearshavepassed.Mynephewmusthavechangedalot.5.Whatarethetwospeakersdoingnow?A.Waitingforsomeoneattheairport.B.Talkingabouttheirplan.C.Bookingticketsfortheirtrip.答案:A其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。Text6M:Wow!Niceplace!I’veneverbeentothispartoftownbefore.W:Thanks.⑥Thisarea’scalledtheEastEnd.Itisn’tverycentral,butIchoseitbecauseIcouldaffordmorespacehere.M:Yeah,⑥youhaveawholeextraroom!W:Iknow!Iuseitforwork.M:Ithoughtyouworkedinanofficedowntown.W:Mycompanyletsmeworkonedayaweekfromhome.M:Lucky!You’vegotagreatbossandagreatapartment.I’msohappyforyou!Let’scelebrate!⑦Letmetakeyoutodinner.6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanofficedowntown.B.Inanapartmentdowntown.C.InanapartmentintheEastEnd.答案:C7.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A.Gettowork. B.Gotoarestaurant.C.Visitthewoman’scompany.答案:B聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。Text7M:Hey,Helen!⑧HowaboutyourinterviewforCambridge?W:Mm,notbad.TheyaresatisfiedwithmyacademicrecordsinScience.M:Iknowyoucanconquertheteachers.W:Thankyou,Mike.Um,wheredoyouwanttostudy?M:India.W:WhyinIndia?YouwanttomajorinBuddhism?M:No.⑨Iwanttobeacomputerprogrammer.SoI’veappliedtotheIndianInstituteofTechnology,whichisoneofthebestuniversitiesforITlearners.W:Yeah!That’syourbestchoice.Hopeyoucanmakeit.M:Thankyou.8.Wheredoesthewomanwanttostudy?A.IntheUniversityofCambridge.B.IntheUniversityofOxford.C.IntheIndianInstituteofTechnology.答案:A9.Whichsubjectdoesthemanwanttomajorin?A.Art.B.Buddhism.C.Programming.答案:C聽第8段材料,回答第10～12題。Text8W:Hello,mayIspeaktoMrSmith,please?M:Speaking.Who’scalling?MayIask?W:ThisistheJobCenter.WehavereceivedyourE-mailandthereisapositionwhichwethinkfityouwell.⑩Alabassistantiswantedinamiddleschool.M:Canyoutellmemoreaboutthejob?W:Well,alabassistantiswantedinacollege.It’sthekindofjobyouwouldliketodo,QUOTE?asismentionedinyourE-mail.M:Yes,Ididputthatinmyletter.W:Yes.Theyalsoneedsomeonewhoknowshowtomaintaintheequipment.Sowethinkyouarejusttherightpersonforthejob.M:Whataboutthepayandworkhours?W:Iamcomingtothat.Thepaytheyhaveofferedissatisfactory,buttheworkhoursareabitchangeable.Sometimesearlyinthemorning,sometimeslateintheafternoon.M:Well,Iaminterestedinthat.MayIhavesomemoredetailssothatIcantalkitoverwithmywife?W:Whydon’tyoucomeoverhereat10a.m.tomorrow?M:OK,QUOTE?seeyoutomorrowthen.Bye!10.WhydidthewomancallMrSmith?A.Torecommendajob.B.Tomaintaintheequipment.C.Toworkasalabassistant.答案:A11.HowdidtheJobCentergettoknowSmith?A.Smithcalledthecenter.B.Smithe-mailedthecenter.C.Smithwenttothecenterbefore.答案:B12.Whenwillthemangotothecenterfordetailsaboutthejob?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Thismorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.答案:A聽第9段材料,回答第13～16題。Text9M:QUOTE?Hello,Jane.ThisisPeterspeaking.W:Hi,howareyou?M:Fine.AndI’vegotsomegreatnewsforyou.W:Really?What’sitabout?M:Irememberyouareinterestedinwatchinggolfgames.TheHoustonOpenwillberunningfromMay26toMay30.I’msureyouwillbegladtowatchthegame.W:Oh,that’sgreat.Butjustamoment,letmecheck.Ah...ItisapitythatIcan’tmakeit.QUOTE?IwillbeonbusinessinChinafromMay25toJune2.M:Well,QUOTE?I’msorryyouhavetobeawayonbusinessthen.Letmesee.QUOTE?Anothergame,theUSOpenwillberunningfromJuly15toJuly18.Howaboutthat?W:That’sgreat.Iwillbeonmyholidaythen.QUOTE?Itwouldbewonderfulifwecouldwatchthegametogether.13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onthephone.B.AtPeter’shome.C.Inagym.答案:A14.WhywillthewomanmisstheHoustonOpen?A.Shewillbehavingherholiday.B.Shewillstayathome.C.Shewillbeonbusinessabroad.答案:C15.WhenistheUSOpenrunning?A.FromMay26toMay30.B.FromMay25toJune2.C.FromJuly15toJuly18.答案:C16.Whatwouldbewonderfulforthespeakers?A.Beingonavacation.B.Watchingthegametogether.C.GoingtotheUS.答案:B聽第10段材料,回答第17～20題。Text10OneSundaymorning,IwasdreamingofbeingaskedtotheofficebythebosswhenIwaswokenupbyaphonecall.QUOTE?Itwasfromataxidriver.Hetoldmehehadmyfriend’scellphone.Myfriend,Mike,hadleftitinthetaxithenightbefore.Thedrivercalledmeaccordingtothecallrecords.Itwasarainingmorning.Fortaxidriversinthisbigcityitwasabigtime.QUOTE?Itoldhimtherewasataxicentrenotfarawayfrommyhome.Hecouldtakeitthere.ThenIquicklyjumpedoutofbedandgotdressed.QUOTE?WhenIwalkedthereinhalfanhour,thedriverhadgoneaway.Hedidn’tleaveanythingexceptforthecellphone.Iwasveryhappyformyfriend.Hemovedtothiscityafewdaysago,soIdidn’tgettimetovisithimandthereforedidn’tknowwherehewasliving.Ie-mailedmyfriendtellinghimIhadhisphone.Myfriendwasveryexcitedtogetbackhiscellphone.QUOTE?Hesaidhewouldwriteitonhisblogtosearchforthewarm-hearteddriver.17.WhocalledMike’sfriendonaSundaymorning?A.Mike. B.Ataxidriver.C.Hisboss.答案:B18.Howdidthetaxidriverdeliverthecellphone?A.HemailedittoMike.B.HehandedittoMike’sfriend.C.Heleftitinthetaxicentre.答案:C19.HowdidMike’sfriendgettothetaxicentre?A.Hegotthereonfoot.B.Hetookataxi.C.Hedrovethere.答案:A20.WhatwouldMikedoaftergettingthecellphoneback?A.Searchforthedriverinthetaxicentre.B.Contributetoanewspaperinsearchofthedriver.C.Searchforthedriverbypostingablog.答案:C其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOurnewchildcarelocationinScheveningen!Thecenterissurroundedbynumerousinternationalinstitutesandembassiesandisconvenientlylocatedjust10minutesfromTheHaguecitycenter.Youcaneasilypickupanddropoffyourchildthankstothemanyparkingspacesclosetotheentrance.OurservicesBigBenKidsprovidesdaycare,preschoolcareandafter-schoolcare.Ouractivityprogrammeincludeslanguagelessons,violinlessons,guitarlessonsandmuchmore.Activitiesareheldindoors,butcanalsobeexternal,suchasswimmingintheriver,andfieldtripstothewoods.Childrenlearndancing,makingmusic,andthenativelanguage—Dutch!Theylearnthroughplay.Ourcurriculumiscarefullydesignedinsuchawaythatthechildrendon’tevennoticehowmuchtheylearneachday.Forthem,it’sallaboutplayingandhavingfun!WhatdoesBigBenKidsofferyourfamily?·HomelikeenvironmentAwarmandstimulating(趣味盎然的)atmospherethatallowschildrentogrowanddevelopsafely.·AtrulyinternationalplaceOurstaffmemberscomefromallovertheworld,justlikethefamiliesweserve.Wearethereforeacutelyawarethatourcentersshouldbemuchmorethanplacesthatsimplycareforchildren.Wealwaysgotheextramile(加倍努力)tohelpfamiliesandtrytobringeveryonetogethertoformafriendlyinternationalcommunity.·HealthymealsAtBigBenKids,weservetwowarm,healthy,homemademealseachday.Thesnacksarenutritiousaswell,withlotsoffruitandvegetables.Parentsreceiveourmenueveryweekinadvance.【文章大意】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了一家國(guó)際兒童托管中心的招生信息。21.Wheredoesthecenterprobablylie?A.Germany. B.France.C.Holland. D.Sweden.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Childrenlearndancing,makingmusic,andthenativelanguage—Dutch!”可知學(xué)生們?cè)谕泄苤行囊獙W(xué)習(xí)本土語——荷蘭語,可以推斷這個(gè)中心很可能位于荷蘭。22.Whoisthecentermainlyintendedfor?A.Foreignchildren. B.Preschoolchildren.C.Nativechildren. D.Athleticchildren.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Ourstaffmemberscomefromallovertheworld,justlikethefamiliesweserve”可知這個(gè)兒童托管中心主要是針對(duì)生活在本市的外國(guó)孩子開辦的。23.Whatareparentsawareofabouttheirchildrenaheadoftime?A.Whatactivitiestheirchildrenjoin.B.Whatmealstheirchildrenareserved.C.Howtheirchildrenperforminclass.D.Whethertheirchildrenfinishhomework.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Parentsreceiveourmenueveryweekinadvance”可知,父母可以提前收到孩子們的菜單。由此可見父母對(duì)于孩子們?cè)谕泄苤行某允裁词翘貏e清晰的。BKar-goistheinventionoftheUnitedKingdom-basedAcademyofRobotics,whichdescribesitas“Europe’sfirstroad-worthyautonomousdeliveryvehicle”.UsingAI,thisautonomousdeliveryvehicleofferscustomersanapp—similartooneusedwhenorderingataxi—allowingthemtochoosewhenandwheretheirpackagesaredelivered.CompanieslikeTeslaandAmazonhaveinvestedheavilyinautonomousvehicles,whichhavethepotentialtocreateaseaofchangesinbusinessandsociety.Resemblingsomethinglikeagreeneggonwheels.Kar-go’saimistoreducethecostofwhat’sknownasthe“l(fā)astmiledeliverychallenge”.Thisisthefinalstageofyouronlinepackage’sjourney,fromalocalwarehousetoyourfrontdoor.Laborcosts,payingdrivers,thecostoffuelandthevehiclecostsformaintainingsmallvehiclesallcontributetomakingthisthemostexpensivepartofthedeliveryprocess.Thefirstpartofthepackage’sjourneyisfarcheaper,withhighvolumesofpackagesbeingtransportedtoandfromthesamelocation.However,attheotherend,driversdeliversmallershipmentstoseveraldifferentlocations—wheretherecipientmaynotevenbeavailabletocollect.WiththelatestAItechnology,Kar-gowilldelivergoodssafely,sustainablyandinstyle.TheAIvehicleusesspecialtechnologytobecomeanexpertonitsownindividualroute,learningfrompastexperiencesinordertohelpitselfdealwithnewfutureobstacles(障礙物)ontheroad.Kar-goalsohasitsveryowninternalsortingsystem,allowingthevehicletotransportpackagesinthecorrectorderfordelivery.By2030,theSocietyofMotorManufacturersandTraderspredictstheautonomousmarketcouldadd￡62billionineconomicgrowthintheUK,creatingmorethan420,000newjobs.Electric,self-driving,economicandcapableofworking24/7,Kar-gopromisestoreducethelastmiledeliverycostbyupto90%,providinganefficientsolutiontotherapidly-expandingonlineretail(零售)market.【文章大意】本文為一篇說明文。主要介紹了號(hào)稱歐洲第一款適于行路的無人駕駛運(yùn)貨車Kar-go,重點(diǎn)從設(shè)計(jì)背景,特點(diǎn)以及對(duì)將來網(wǎng)絡(luò)零售市場(chǎng)的影響等方面做了簡(jiǎn)要說明。24.FromthefirstparagraphweknowKar-go______.

A.isanappusedtoorderataxiB.isEurope’sfirstautonomousVehicleC.hascreatedgreatchangesinbusinessandsocietyD.transportsgoodsatcustomers’convenience【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“UsingAI,thisautonomousdeliveryvehicleofferscustomersanapp—similartooneusedwhenorderingataxi—allowingthemtochoosewhenandwheretheirpackagesaredelivered.”可知,運(yùn)用AI技術(shù),這款自動(dòng)駕駛送貨車給客戶供應(yīng)了一款類似于打車軟件的應(yīng)用程序,從而使顧客可以確定其快遞的投送時(shí)間和地點(diǎn),這為顧客帶來極大便利,D選項(xiàng)符合文章描述。25.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?A.HowKar-godeliversthegoods.B.WhatchallengesKar-gomayface.C.Howthedriversreducedeliverycost.D.Whythelastmiledeliveryisexpensive.【解析】選D。段落大意題。依據(jù)其次段內(nèi)容可知,本段重點(diǎn)介紹了最終一英里運(yùn)輸成本為什么高。故D選項(xiàng)最合適。26.WhatistheadvantageoftheAItechnologyusedbyKar-go?A.Ithasanadvancedinternalsortingsystem.B.Itenablesvehiclestoworkmoreefficiently.C.Itmakesadriverbecomeanexpertintraffic.D.Ithelpspeoplecleannewobstaclesontheroad.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段可知,該人工智能運(yùn)貨車可以運(yùn)用特別科技成為一個(gè)在自己運(yùn)行路途方面的專家,并能夠從從前的閱歷中學(xué)習(xí),從而可以幫助它自己處理將來道路上的新障礙,據(jù)此推斷人工智能技術(shù)可以使Kar-go運(yùn)貨車的工作效率更高,故B選項(xiàng)最合適。27.WhatinfluencedoesKar-gohaveontheUK?A.Itwillcreateover420,000jobsfordrivers.B.Itwillreducethedeliverycostbyupto90%.C.Itmaycontributetothegrowthofonlinebusiness.D.ItmaymaketheUKleadintheautonomousmarket.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Kar-gopromisestoreducethelastmiledeliverycostbyupto90%,providinganefficientsolutiontotherapidly-expandingonlineretailmarket.”可知,Kar-go運(yùn)貨車能夠?qū)⒆罱K一英里的貨運(yùn)成本降低90%,從而有效地解決快速發(fā)展的在線零售市場(chǎng)的運(yùn)輸難題,故C選項(xiàng)最符合題意。CInanewstudy,researchersanalyzedinformationfrommorethan18,000peoplewhoprovidedbloodsamples.Participantsreportedwhethertheyexercisedregularly,andifso,whattypeofexercisestheytypicallydid.Theresearchersthenscannedparticipants,blood,lookingforgenes(基因)thataretiedtoanincreasedriskofobesity(肥胖).Next,theresearchersexaminedwhethercertainexercisesseemedtobalancethisrisk.Overall,peoplewhoreporteddoinganytypeofregularexercisestendedtohavealowerBMI(體重指數(shù))thanthosewhodidn’t.Thiswastrueevenamongpeoplewhoweregeneticallyeasytobecomeoverweight.Butoneexercisestoodoutastheonewiththestrongestanti-obesityeffect:jogging.ParticipantswithobesitygeneswhojoggedtendedtohavealowerBMIthanpeoplewithsimilargeneticriskwhodidnotjog.Butforthosewholoathejogging,fearnot:FiveothertypesofexerciseswerealsotiedtoalowerBMIamongindividualsatriskforobesity.Theseincludedmountainclimbing,ballroomdancingandwalking.Thebenefitsoftheseexerciseswerethebiggestamongthosewiththegreatestgeneticriskofobesity.Interestingly,severalothertypesofexercisesfailedtocounteractthegeneticriskofobesity.Theseincludedcycling,stretchingexercisesandswimming.Thefindingsdon’tmeanthattheselatterexercisescan’thelpwithweightcontrol.It’sjustthattheydidn’tseemtocounteractthegenetictendencytogainweight.Therecouldbeseveralreasonsforthis.Theresearchersnotedthat,fortheaverageJoeorJane,cyclingandstretchingexercisestendtorequirelessenergythantheexercisesthatweretiedtoalowerobesityrisk.Inaddition,exercisinginwater,ashappenswithswimming,mayincreaseappetite.【文章大意】本文為一篇說明文。探討表明,慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。此外,爬山、交際舞和漫步也有利于降低肥胖的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。相反,騎自行車、做伸展運(yùn)動(dòng)和游泳等并不能幫助反抗肥胖基因風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)oathe”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Dislike. B.Display.C.Disturb. D.Discourage.【解析】選A。詞義揣測(cè)題。畫線詞后面供應(yīng)了其他幾項(xiàng)反抗肥胖基因風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)?？梢姰嬀€詞所在句的意思是“對(duì)于那些不喜愛慢跑的人來說,也不必?fù)?dān)憂”。故可推斷l(xiāng)oathe是“不喜愛,厭煩”之意。29.Whichexercisehastheleasteffectonbalancingobesitygenes?A.Mountainclimbing. B.Ballroomdancing.C.Runningslowly. D.Ridingabicycle.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“severalothertypesofexercisesfailedtocounteractthegeneticriskofobesity.Theseincludedcycling,stretchingexercisesandswimming.”可知,騎自行車不能反抗肥胖基因風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！疽族e(cuò)點(diǎn)撥】A項(xiàng)具有較大的干擾性。緣由是考生未能正確理解“severalothertypesofexercisesfailedtocounteractthegeneticriskofobesity.Theseincludedcycling,stretchingexercisesandswimming.”,本句的意思是“一些其他類型的運(yùn)動(dòng)不能反抗肥胖基因風(fēng)險(xiǎn),包括騎自行車、做伸展運(yùn)動(dòng)及游泳”。但這并不等于說這些運(yùn)動(dòng)沒有減肥效果。后面一句話“Thefindingsdon’tmeanthattheselatterexercisescan’thelpwithweightcontrol”也清晰地說明白這一點(diǎn)。故A項(xiàng)不正確。30.Whatdoestheauthorindicateinthelastparagraph?A.Swimmingdoesn’thelponeloseweight.B.Divingmaymakeapersoneatmorefood.C.Averagepeopleputlessenergyintoexercises.D.Stretchingexerciseswillbecomepopular.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句“Inaddition,exercisinginwater,ashappenswithswimming,mayincreaseappetite”可知水中運(yùn)動(dòng)可能會(huì)增加食欲。潛水屬于水中運(yùn)動(dòng),據(jù)此可推斷潛水可能使一個(gè)人飯量增加。31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?A.JoggingLessLeadstoGeneticObesityB.RegularExercisesTendtoLowerBMIC.WhetherExercisesBalanceRisksofObesityGenesD.GenesAreVeryImportantforPeople’sWeightControl【解析】選C。標(biāo)題推斷題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句、其次段第三句、第三段最終一句和第四段第一句可知,本文主要講的是運(yùn)動(dòng)是否能夠平衡肥胖基因的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),故C項(xiàng)是最佳答案。DTheclimatechangehasbecomeanissuethatnoonecanescapefrom.Iftheworldwantstolimitclimatechange,watershortageandpollution,weallneedtochoose“flexitarian(彈性素食的)”diets,sayscientists.Thismeanseatingmainlyplant-basedfood,whichisoneofthreekeystepstowardsasustainablefutureforallin2050,theysay.Foodwastewillneedtobehalvedandfarmingpracticeswillalsohavetoimprove,accordingtothestudy.Withoutaction,theimpactsofthefoodsystemcouldincreasebyupto90%.FastontheheelsofthelandmarkreportoftheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)comesthisnewstudyonhowfoodproductionandconsumptionimpactmajorthreatstotheplanet.Theauthorssaythatthefoodsystemhasanumberofsignificantenvironmentalimpactsincludingbeingamajordriverofclimatechange,providingfreshwaterandreducingpollutionthroughoveruseofnitrogen(氮)andphosphorus(磷).Thestudysaysthatthankstothepopulationandincomegrowthexpectedbetween2010and2050,theseimpactscouldgrowbetween50%—90%.Thiscouldpushourworldbeyonditsgeographicboundaries.Sowhenitcomestoclimatechange,theauthorslookedatwhattheycalleda“flexitariandiet”.“Wecaneatarangeofhealthydietsbutwhattheyallhaveincommon,accordingtothelatestscientificevidence,isthattheyareallrelativelyplant-based,”saidleadauthorDr.MarcoSpringmannfromtheUniversityofOxford.“Youcangofromadietthathassmallamountsofanimalproducts;somemightcallitaMediterranean-baseddiet;wecallitaflexitariandiet.Wetriedtostaywiththemostconservativeoneofthesewhichinourviewistheflexitarianone,buteventhishasonlyoneservingofredmeatperweek,”headded.Iftheworldmovedtothistypeofdiet,thestudyfoundthatgreenhousegasemissions(排放)fromagriculturewouldbereducedbymorethanhalf.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。探討表明,彈性素食飲食有助于改善環(huán)境。32.Whatbenefitwillthenewdietsbringtotheworld?A.Theanimalswillbesaved.B.Peoplewillneedmorewater.C.Theclimatechangewillstop.D.Thepollutionwillbecontrolled.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段其次句“Iftheworldwantstolimitclimatechange,watershortageandpollution,weallneedtochoose’flexitarian’diets,sayscientists.”可知,通過選擇彈性素食飲食,人們可以限制氣候變更,緩解水資源短缺并能削減污染。故選D。33.Whatcanbecalleda“flexitarian”diet?A.Eatanimalproductseverymeal.B.Eatplant-basedvegetableseverymeal.C.Eatmainlyvegetablesandnevereatanimalproducts.D.Eatplant-basedmealmainlyandanimalproductssometimes.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Youcangofromadietthathassmallamountsofanimalproducts;somemightcallitaMediterranean-baseddiet...buteventhishasonlyoneservingofredmeatperweek”可知,彈性素食飲食主要是以蔬菜為基礎(chǔ)的飲食,但每周至少也要吃一次紅肉。由此可推知,彈性素食飲食以蔬菜為主,肉食為輔。故選D。34.Whatwillhappenifthenewdietispopularglobally?A.Theclimatewillbecomewarmer.B.Thefoodconsumptionwillincrease.C.Peoplewillhavelessgreenhousegas.D.Peoplewillproducemorefoodwaste.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“Iftheworldmovedtothistypeofdiet,thestudyfoundthatgreenhousegasemissionsfromagriculturewouldbereducedbymorethanhalf.”可知,假如全球都實(shí)行這種飲食方式,農(nóng)業(yè)所產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體排放量將削減一半以上,即溫室氣體的產(chǎn)生量會(huì)變得更少。故選C。35.Whatistheattitudeoftheauthortothenewdiet?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful.C.Opposed. D.Indifferent.【解析】選A。觀點(diǎn)看法題。通讀全文可知,文章主要介紹了彈性素食飲食有助于改善環(huán)境。由此可推知,作者對(duì)這種飲食方式是支持的。故選A。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeople,includingsomesuccessfulmen,wearthesameclothingdailytofocustheirdecision-makingenergyonmoreimportantthings.36Julia,anartteacher,iswearingthesamedressforthefirst100daysofschooltocreateawarenessoftheenvironmentalcostsoffastfashion.

Availableonlineorfromvariousshops,itallowseveryonetoadoptthelatestfashiontrendsinstantly.Thoughthatsoundslikeawin-winforall,therapidchangeinstylesandtheaffordablepricesresultinimpulse(沖動(dòng))purchases,manyofwhicharethrownawayafterbeingwornjustonceortwice.37

Julia’sideaforthe“OneOutfit(服裝),100Days”beganasacommentshemadetoherhusbandduringthesummer.38Moreover,itwouldserveasagreatlessonforhernewstudents.Selectingaperfectoutfitforthechallengewasalittletricky.Aftersomeconsideration.Juliasettledonaplaindress.Thoughshehasabackupdress,Juliaplanstouseitonlyifabsolutelynecessary.

39Ithasalsoinspiredsomeofhercolleaguesandherhusbandtotakeupthechallenge.Juliasaystheexperimenthasforcedhertorethinkherattitudetowardsclothes.Shevaluesthingsmorenow—respectingtheplanetforherchildrenandtryingtovalueherselfinadifferentway,asopposedtocaringsomuchaboutwhatshelookslike.40Reuse,recycle,and,mostimportantly,reduce.

A.Juliaisalsotiredofmakingdecisionsonsmallthings.B.Theexperimenthasarousedcuriosityofmanystudents.C.Julia’s“OneOutfit,100Days”challenge,however,hasaselflessaim.D.ThankstoJulia’sidea,thewholeschoolbegantofollowherchallenge.E.Shehopesmorepeoplewilllearnfromherandapplythe3Rstotheirlife.F.Over21billionpoundsofclothendsupbeingwasteyearlyintheUSalone.G.Thinkingfurther,shedecideditwouldbeawaytoshowhereco-friendlylifestyle.【文章大意】本文為記敘文。介紹了一位藝術(shù)老師Julia“一百天,一套衣服”的理念及其帶來的變更和影響。36.【解析】選C?？疾槌猩蠁⑾戮洹Ｒ罁?jù)空前的“tofocustheirdecision-makingenergyonmoreimportantthings”和空后的“tocreateawarenessoftheenvironmentalcostsoffastfashion”可知,Julia的“一百天,一套衣服”挑戰(zhàn)不僅是為了把更多精力放在重要的事情上,還是出于環(huán)保這一無私的目的。C項(xiàng)與上下文吻合,為正確選項(xiàng)。37.【解析】選F。考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)支撐句。依據(jù)空前的“impulsepurchases,manyofwhicharethrownawayafterbeingwornjustonceortwice”可知,很多人沖動(dòng)之下買來的衣服穿了一兩次后就被扔掉,F項(xiàng)為這一行為的后果,承接上文。38.【解析】選G?？疾榧?xì)微環(huán)節(jié)支撐句?？涨疤岬健癰eganasacommentshemadetoherhusbandduringthesummer”,G項(xiàng)“進(jìn)一步思索后,她確定這將是呈現(xiàn)她環(huán)保生活方式的方法”承接上文,且與空后的“Moreover,itwouldserveasagreatlessonforhernewstudents”吻合,為正確選項(xiàng)。39.【解析】選B?？疾榧?xì)微環(huán)節(jié)支撐句。依據(jù)空后的“Ithasalsoinspiredsomeofhercolleaguesandherhusbandtotakeupthechallenge”可知,此處在講Julia的挑戰(zhàn)的影響,故B項(xiàng)符合語境,下文中的also和experiment也是提示?！疽族e(cuò)點(diǎn)撥】本題易誤選D項(xiàng)。該項(xiàng)中的“thewholeschool”與下一句中的“someofhercolleagues”相沖突。40.【解析】選E。考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)支撐句。依據(jù)空后的“Reuse,recycle,and,mostimportantly,reduce”可知,該空與3Rs有關(guān),E項(xiàng)符合語境。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TheGloverkidsinNewburgh,NewYork,wanttomakealittleextramoneythemselvesbeforeschoolopens.So,earlierthisweek,theysetupalemonadestandonthesideoftheroad.41wasgoodduringtherushhour,atwhichpointsomepoliceofficerspulledup,and42WhitneyGlover,motheroftheyoungenterprisers,thatsome43personhadcalledtomakecomplaintsaboutkids’sellinglemonade.

Now,inmoststories,that’swhenthepolice44thestand,tellingkidstotakeafoodhandlingcourse,andgeta45fromtherelateddepartment.Thenthechildrengohomecompletely46,fortheirenterpriseisbroken.Butnotinthis47.Thepoliceofficerssaidthekidsweren’tdoinganythingwrong,48creatingabitofatrafficjam,andtheirmotivationshouldbe49.Thekidsalsopromisedtomake50totheirscheduletoavoidtrafficproblems.After51foraphotowiththekids,theyleft.Whitneypostedthepictureonsocialmediawithexplanatorywords.

The52storyhascreatedagreatdealoflocal53andthelemonadebusinessisnowbooming.Dozensofcustomershave54forlemonade.“Everysingletimeyoubuyaglass,childrenlookamazedbythe55oftimeandeffortstocoinsintheirhands,”Whitneysaid.

【文章大意】本文為一篇記敘文,主題語境是“人與自我”。一群孩子擺攤賣檸檬水,有人舉報(bào),警察去了以后并沒有責(zé)令孩子們撤掉攤位或者懲罰他們,而是激勵(lì)了他們的創(chuàng)業(yè)精神。41.A.Progress B.BusinessC.Budget D.Purpose【解析】選B。結(jié)合語境可知,在上下班高峰期生意(Business)不錯(cuò)。42.A.demanded B.proposedC.warned D.informed【解析】選D。依據(jù)下文中的“thatsome______personhadcalledtomakecomplaintsaboutkids’sellinglemonade.”可知,警察通知(informed)孩子們的母親,有人投訴孩子們的攤位。

43.A.bitter B.generousC.anxious D.responsible【解析】選A。依據(jù)下文中的“makecomplaintsaboutkids’sellinglemonade”“creatingabitofatrafficjam”可知,打電話投訴的人對(duì)孩子們?cè)谏舷掳喔叻迤跀[攤感到憤憤不平。bitter在此處表示“憤憤不平的”。44.A.takeover B.leaveoutC.shutdown D.driveaway【解析】選C。結(jié)合語境以及下文的“Thenthechildrengohome...theirenterpriseisbroken”可知,通常在這時(shí),警察會(huì)讓孩子們的攤位停止?fàn)I業(yè)(shutdown)。takeover”接管”;leaveout“遺漏,不包括”;driveaway“趕跑(某人)”。45.A.course B.permitC.fund D.record【解析】選B。依據(jù)空后的“fromtherelateddepartment”可知,此處表示告知孩子們從有關(guān)部門取得一張?jiān)S可證(permit)。46.A.surprised B.frightenedC.depressed D.confused【解析】選C。依據(jù)語境可知,(假如)孩子們的生意被迫停業(yè),他們會(huì)很懊喪地回家。depressed“懊喪的”。47.A.context B.caseC.reason D.respect【解析】選B。依據(jù)下文中的“Thepoliceofficerssaidthekidsweren’tdoinganythingwrong”可推想,警察并沒有讓孩子們停止?fàn)I業(yè),所以此處表示上文提到的事在這種狀況(case)下并沒有發(fā)生。48.A.otherthan B.insteadofC.asfor D.dueto【解析】選A。除了(otherthan)造成一點(diǎn)交通擁擠之外,孩子們并沒有做錯(cuò)什么,而且他們的主動(dòng)性應(yīng)當(dāng)被贊揚(yáng)(celebrated)。49.A.managed B.preventedC.celebrated D.reflected【解析】選C。celebrate在此處表示“贊揚(yáng),贊美,歌頌”。manage“管理”;prevent“阻擋”;reflect“反映”。50.A.contributions B.differencesC.objections D.adjustments【解析】選D。結(jié)合上文提到的交通擁堵和空后的“theirscheduletoavoidtrafficproblems”可知,孩子們承諾會(huì)對(duì)營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間作出調(diào)整(adjust