文檔英語(yǔ)常見語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤大全

學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載Ignore錯(cuò):Theyalwaysignorethattheircountryattackedusfirst對(duì)：Theyalwaysignorethefactthattheircountryattackedusfirst\Ill錯(cuò)Somepeoplecannotaffordtoseeadoctor對(duì)Somepeoplewhoareill/sickcannotaffordtoseeadoctorSomesickpeoplecannotaffordtoseeadoctorImagine錯(cuò)Icannotimaginetoliveinacoldclimate對(duì)Icannotimaginelivinginacoldclimate我們通常用imagine(someone)doingsomething(不是todosomething):Ican’timagineEricgettingupatfiveinthemorningjusttojustgofishingImmediately錯(cuò)Theywanttophonethemimmediatelythebabywillbeborn對(duì)TheywanttophonethemimmediatelythebabyisbornImportance錯(cuò)Whydotheyattachsuchsuchagreetimportancetothematter?對(duì)Whydotheyattachsuchgreatimportancetothematter?Importance是個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。Important錯(cuò)Winninghasneverbeenimportantforme對(duì)Winninghasneverbeenimportanttome\如果我們關(guān)心某事，表達(dá)非常重要的意思時(shí)，我們說“itisimportanttous”Whatthecriticssayisnotimportanttosomewriters,butitistome.Ourfriendshipisveryimportanttome.In1錯(cuò)IvisitmyparentsabouttwoorthreetimeinayearThereshouldbeatutorialatleastonceineverytwoweeks對(duì)IvisitmyparentsabouttwoorthreetimesayearThereshouldbeatutorialatleastonceeverytwoweeks提到頻率時(shí)，我們不用in。比較：InthelastsixmonthshehasmadethreetripstoLondon.2錯(cuò)Iam,goingtoAthensin2othDecember.對(duì)IamgoingtoAthenson20thDecember.明確的日子前用介詞on:onTuesday、on22ndJune錯(cuò)Inthefollowingmorninghecametoseemeagain對(duì)Onthefollowingmorninghecametoseemeagain.我們說inthemorning/afternoon/evening,但我們也說onthefollowingmorning/.afternoon/evening。例句也可以這樣說：Thefollowingmorninghecametoseemeagain不過，這種說法沒明顯不正式。4錯(cuò)I’mplanningtovisitEnglandinthebeginningdoFebruary.對(duì)I’mplanningtovisitEnglandatthebeginningofFebruary.我們說inaparticularmonth,也說atthebeginning/endofaparticularmonth。比較：I’mplanningtovisitEnglandinFebruary.5錯(cuò)Itwasthehappiesttimeinmulife.對(duì)Itwasthehappiesttimeofmylife.在最高級(jí)后面，我們通常用“of+時(shí)期”：thebusiestdayoftheweek、thecoldestnightoftheyear.6錯(cuò)Unempolymentisamajorprobleminthesedays對(duì)UnemploymentisamajorproblemthesedaysThesedays或nowadays前面不用in(也不用其他介詞)但是，請(qǐng)比較：inthosedaysmyhairverylong.7錯(cuò)Ilivein40AlexandraStreet對(duì)Iliveat40Alexandrastreet街道（street）、馬路（road）名前有數(shù)字時(shí)，我們用at.比較:ShelivesinLimeTreeAvenueShelivesat35LimeTreeAvenue8錯(cuò)Youcouldsmellthepaintinthewholebuilding對(duì)Youcouldsmellthepaintalloverbuilding我們用allover/throughout+建筑物/地區(qū)名？國(guó)家名等。表達(dá)“整個(gè)地區(qū)”的概念：TheseplantsarefoundalloverKoreaHisbooksareenjoyedbychildrenthroughouttheworldInconvenience錯(cuò)Wewishtoapologizetolocalresidentsforanyinconveniencescaused對(duì)Wewishtoapologizetolocalresidentsforanyinconveniencescause當(dāng)它籠統(tǒng)地址問題困難時(shí)，inconvenience是個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞。比較：Heavytrafficcongestionwasjustoneofseveralinconveniencescausedbytheroadworksincrease錯(cuò)Thesehasbeenanincreaseofthenumberofthepeoplewhosufferfromheartdisease對(duì)Thesehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofthepeoplewhosufferfromheartdisease我們通常用anincreaseinsomething不用of：TheseimprovementshaveledtoanincreaseinlifeexpectancyIndeed錯(cuò)Weknewlittleindeedaboutwhereweweregoing對(duì)Weknewverylittleaboutwhereweweregoing如果詞組以indeed結(jié)尾，那么該詞組要求以very開頭：ThankyouverymuchindeedIhadverygoodtimeindeedIndirectobjects1錯(cuò)Atbedtime,Ialwaysreadtothechildrenastory對(duì)Atbedtime,Ialwaysreadthechildrenastory錯(cuò)Igavetothemanallthemoneythatwasinmypocket對(duì)Igavethemanallthemoneythatwasinmypocket當(dāng)間接賓語(yǔ)在直接賓語(yǔ)前時(shí)，通常我們不用to或for。比較：Hegave+themoney+toTrevor（直接賓語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)）Hegave+Trevor+money（間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)）I’vegot+someflowers+forher（直接賓語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)）I’vegot+her+someflowers(間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ))也有兩個(gè)例外2錯(cuò)Ihadn’tseenmyauntforalongtimeanddecidedtopayavisittoher對(duì)Ihadn’tseenmyauntforalongtimeanddecidedtopayheravisit如果其中一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)是代詞，那么這個(gè)代詞要緊跟在動(dòng)詞之后：IthinkI’llsend+it+toyourparentsWhydon’tyougive+him+youraddress在pay（someone）avisit、give(someone)achance、make(some)anoffer、tell（someone）thetruth中，直接賓語(yǔ)幾乎總是放在后面：Whydidn’tyoutell+them/yourparents+thetruth?3錯(cuò)Hehasboughtaveryexpensivediamondnecklaceforhiswife對(duì)Hehasboughthiswifeaveryexpensivediamondnecklace當(dāng)直接賓語(yǔ)比間接賓語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)時(shí)，間接賓語(yǔ)要緊跟在動(dòng)詞之后（不用to/for）。比較：Wesent+aletter+toallthecustomersonoutmailinglistWesent+allourcustomers+aletterexplainingthereasonsforthepriceincreases在任何句子中，短的或簡(jiǎn)單的部分總要放在長(zhǎng)的或復(fù)雜部分的前面。這被稱為“句尾重心”4錯(cuò)Whatalovelydress!Didsomeonemakeyou?對(duì)Whatalovelydress!Didsomeonemakeitforyou?當(dāng)直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)都是代詞時(shí)，我們通常用to/for修飾間接賓語(yǔ)，并把它放在最后：Whendidyoulend+it+tohim?Shehasofferedtowrite+it+formeIwouldn’ttell+this+toeveryoneIndirect/reportedspeech:commands錯(cuò)Itoldthedriverletmeoutatthetrafficlights對(duì)Itoldthedrivertoletmeoutatthetrafficslights錯(cuò)Shewarnedhimdon’tgoneatthedog對(duì)Shewarnedhimnottogotonearthedog祈使句不用在間接引語(yǔ)中。比較：TurnrightatthebankHetoldmetoturnrightatthebankDon’tbothersendingmeaninvitationShetoldmenottobothersendingheraninvitation轉(zhuǎn)述“建議或命令”我們用（not）+to–不定式。Indirect/reportedspeech:questions錯(cuò)Canyourememberwhatwasshewearing?對(duì)Canyouremembershewaswearing?錯(cuò)SheaskedmewheredidIlearntoEnglish對(duì)SheaskedmeIlearnedtospeakEnglish如果wh-分句在另一分句中，那么wh-分句的主語(yǔ)要放在動(dòng)詞的前面。比較：Wherehasshegone？Hewantstoknow+whereshehasgoneWhattimeisit?Doyouknow+whattimeitis?這是我們不用助動(dòng)詞do。比較：Wheredosehework?Doyouknow+whereheworks?2錯(cuò)HeaskedmeinwhatIwasinterested對(duì)HeaskedmewhatIwasinterestedin?\介詞in通常放在wh-詞語(yǔ)之前：IwouldliketoknowtowhomthelettershouldbeaddressedIndirect/reportedspeech:reportingverbs1錯(cuò)Thedoctorreassuredthatmyproblemwasnotserious對(duì)Thedoctorreassuredmethatmyproblemwasnotserious一些引述動(dòng)詞的后面要出現(xiàn)“聽者”。這樣的詞有：“advise,assure,convince,inform,notify,persuade,reassure,remind,tell”2錯(cuò)Shesaidthedoctorthatshewasunabletosleep對(duì)Shetoldthedoctorthatshewasunabletosleep錯(cuò)Sherepliedmethattherewasnohotwater對(duì)Sherepliedthattherewasnohotwater另一些引述動(dòng)詞的后面不出現(xiàn)“聽者”。這樣的詞有：“argue,deny,enquire,insist,reply,say”.3錯(cuò)Sheinformedtoherbossthatsheneededalargeroffice對(duì)Sheinformedherbossthatsheneededalargeroffice錯(cuò)Iaskedtotheairhostessiftherewereanyemptyseats對(duì)Iaskedtotheairhostessiftherewereanyemptyseats有些引述動(dòng)詞后面的“聽者“前。要加to。這樣的詞有：“ask,assure,convince.Inform,persuade,promise,remind,tell”。Indirect/reportedspeech:tenses1錯(cuò)Shetoldmethatsheislookingforthemuseum對(duì)Shetoldmethatshewaslookingforthemuseum錯(cuò)MrsLeewonderedwherehersonhasgone對(duì)MrsLeewonderedwherehersonhadgone錯(cuò)Hethinksthatoutputlevelswerelikelytodeclineoverthenexttwelvemonths對(duì)Hethinkthatoutputlevelsarelikelytodeclineoverthenexttwelvemonths對(duì)Hethoughtthatoutputlevelswerelikelytodeclineoverthenexttwelvemonths如果某人說“Iwanttogohome”，我們有兩種句式轉(zhuǎn)述這句話。句式A：Shesaysthatshewantstogohome.句式B：Shesaidthatshewantedtogohome當(dāng)我們馬上引述別人說的話是，通常用句式A。在這個(gè)句式中，引述動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)（say），引述分句中的動(dòng)詞（wants）和直接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞（want）也是用同樣的時(shí)態(tài)當(dāng)我們過了一段時(shí)間再引述別人說的話時(shí)，通常用句式B。在這個(gè)句式中，引述動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)態(tài)。直接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞也要改變，用過去時(shí)態(tài)：直接引語(yǔ)IamlateI’mgoinghomeIhaven’tseenhimbeforeWherehashegone?間接引語(yǔ)ShesaidshewaslateShesaidshewasgoinghomeShesaidshehadn’tseenhimbeforeShewonderedwherehehadgone?如果引述動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)，那么直接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)通常需要改變。注意：如果引述的時(shí)候呢，引述的內(nèi)容依然成立，那么就有兩種選擇：Shetoldmethatshehas/hadtwobrothers2錯(cuò)Theairhostesstoldthemantocallherifhewouldfeelillagain對(duì)Theairhostesstoldthemantocallherifhefeltillagain如果引述動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)態(tài)（told）,而直接引語(yǔ)用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（callmeifyoufellill…….），那么通常在簡(jiǎn)介引語(yǔ)中要改用一般過去時(shí)（ifhefelt）。3錯(cuò)IdecidedthatonceIwouldhavefinishedsecondaryschool,Iwouldgotouniversity對(duì)IdecidedthatonceIhadfinishedsecondaryschool,Iwouldgotouniversity如果引述動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)態(tài)（decided）,而直接引語(yǔ)用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（例如：onceIhavefinished….）。4錯(cuò)Sheapologizedandsaidthatshewon’tdoitagain對(duì)Sheapologizedandsaidthatshewouldn’tdoitagain錯(cuò)Shewantedtoknowwhenshecangohome對(duì)Shewantedtoknowwhenshecouldgohome如果引述動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)態(tài)（said,wantedtoknow）,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞通常要變成其過去形式。直接引語(yǔ)IcanseeherWhencanIgo?I’llseeyoulaterIwon’tdoitagainImaybelate間接引語(yǔ)HesaidhecouldseeherHesaidhewouldseemelaterShesaidshewouldn’tdoitagainHesaidhemightbelate5錯(cuò)Shethreatenedthatifhedoesnotleaveheralone,shewouldcallthepolice對(duì)Shethreatenedthatifhedidnotleaveheralone,shewouldcallpolice當(dāng)引語(yǔ)中的一個(gè)條件句時(shí)，我們通常用與相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。比較：Shesaysthatifshehasthetime,shewillcomeShesaidthatifshehadthetime,shewouldcomeShesaidthatifshehadhadthetime,shewouldhavecomeInferior1錯(cuò)Thereisnoreasonatallforyoutofeelinferiorthanhim對(duì)Thereisnoreasonatallforyoufeelinferior(tohim)當(dāng)我們?cè)趇nferior后面提到某人或某物時(shí)，用to不用than。2錯(cuò)Somewomenfeelmoreinferioriftheydonothaveacareer對(duì)SomewomenfeelinferioriftheydonothaveacareerInferior本身有比較的含義，不要和more連用Infintives:form,1錯(cuò)Itcostthegovernment$15milliontobuilttheschool對(duì)Itcostthegovernment$15milliontobuildtheschool錯(cuò)Ididn’twanthismothertomisunderstoodme對(duì)Ididn’twanthismothertomisunderstandme現(xiàn)在不定式（presentinfinitive.通常直接被稱為不定式）就是所謂的動(dòng)詞原形，動(dòng)詞的基本形式，也就是我們字典中所查的單詞的形式。例如：be,go,build,misunderstand。跟其他不定式不一樣，現(xiàn)在不定式要跟不定式標(biāo)記連用：tobe,togo,tobuild等。2錯(cuò)Thetrainshouldarriveat8:25,butitwasalmostanhourlate對(duì)Thetrainshouldhavearrivedat8:25,butitwasalmostanhourlate錯(cuò)Becausetheballhadburst,theairpressuremaybetoogreat對(duì)Becausetheballhadburst,theairpressuremayhavebeentoogreat當(dāng)某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生了或者說認(rèn)為某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，我們用完成體的不定式（perfectinfinitive）。比較：ThelettershouldarrivetomorrowThelettershouldhavearrivedyesterday3錯(cuò)Thepolicemadeeveryonetoleavethebuildingimmediately對(duì)Thepolicemadeeveryoneleavethebuildingimmediately4錯(cuò)Shefeltthatshecouldnevertogohomeagain對(duì)Shefeltthatshecouldnevergohomeagain情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟不帶to的不定式我們通常把not和never放在to-不定式中的to的前面。6錯(cuò)Whatyoumustneverdoistogivethemyourhomeaddress對(duì)Whatyoumustneverdoisgivethemyourhomeaddress錯(cuò)Allcoulddowastocry對(duì)AllIcoulddowascry’為了強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)動(dòng)作，我們通常用這個(gè)句型：what/all+主語(yǔ)+do+be+動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。比較：SheclosedallthewindowsWhatshedidwas(to)closeallthewindowsTheyputlettersintotheenvelopesAlltheydois(to)putlettersintoenvelopes動(dòng)詞不定式的通常形式是動(dòng)詞原形或to+動(dòng)詞原形。但是，如果在動(dòng)詞do之前我們用的是must,should,can,.Will,等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，那么后面必須用動(dòng)詞原形：Whatyoushouldn’tdoisgivehimyouaddressAllIcoulddowasjustsitandwait7錯(cuò)Sheinvitedmetositdownandtohavesomethingtodrink對(duì)Sheinvitedmetositdownandhavesomethingtodrink錯(cuò)