語(yǔ)法專題05 形容詞和副詞

語(yǔ)法專題05形容詞和副詞形容詞形容詞用于描述人或事物所具有的特征、共性、品質(zhì)等。如：interesting，fun，boring，difficult，nice，great，good等。部分形容詞有-ing和-ed兩種形式，表示的意義不同。-ing形式通常指事物本身的性質(zhì)，意為＂令人感到……的＂，而-ed形式通常指人的感受，意為＂感到……的＂。?interesting令人感愛好的，好玩的 ?interested感愛好的?Thestoryisinteresting.這個(gè)故事很好玩。?Sheisinterestedinthegame.她對(duì)這個(gè)玩耍感愛好。類似的詞還有：boring無聊的exciting令人興奮的bored感到無聊的excited感興奮的relaxing令人放松的surprising令人吃驚的relaxed感到放松的surprised感到吃驚的moving令人感到動(dòng)的；感人的moved感動(dòng)的例題：Everyonewas________whentheyheard(聽到)the________news.A.exciting;excitingB.excited;excitingC.exciting;excited形容詞副詞的比較等級(jí)規(guī)章變化一般加-er,-eststrong---stronger---strongest以字母e結(jié)尾的只加-r,-stlate---later---latest以輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母后再加-er,-esthot---hotter---hottestthin---thinner---thinnestslim---slimmer---slimmest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，將y變?yōu)閕,再加-er,-estangry---angrier---angriestugly---uglier---ugliestearly---earlier---earliest雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在詞前加more或mostquickly---morequickly---mostquicklyenthusiastic---moreenthusiastic---mostenthusiastic留意：=1\*GB3①少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞以及以-er和-le結(jié)尾的詞有兩種比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式common---commoner/morecommon---commonest/mostcommonclever---cleverer/moreclever---cleverest/mostcleversimple---simpler/moresimple---simplest/mostsimple=2\*GB3②有些形容詞沒有程度或本身表程度，沒有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，如right/wrong/excellent/favorite/perfect等。不規(guī)章變化good/well---better---bestbad/badly---worse---worstmuch/many---more---mostlittle---less---leastold---older/elder---oldest/eldestfar---farther/further---farthest/furthest形容詞副詞比較級(jí)基本用法“比較級(jí)+than”表示“比...更”Hegetsupearlierthananyoneelseintheclass.“比較級(jí)+比較級(jí)”表示“越來越....”O(jiān)urcountryisbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越.....,越.....”Themoreticketsyousell,themoremoneyyouwillget.“the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwo”表示“兩者中較....的”Theshorterofthetwogirlsismysister.“no+比較級(jí)+than”表示“兩者都不....”Heisnotallerthanhisbrother.“not+比較級(jí)+than”表示“前者不如后者”Heisnottallerthanhisbrother.形容詞副詞最高級(jí)基本用法=1\*GB3①The+形容詞/副詞最高級(jí)+表范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)（among/of/in）Autumnisthebestseasonoftheyear.Heworkshardestinhisclass.=2\*GB3②“Oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+范圍”表示“....中最....之一”Thisisoneofthemostimportanteventsinmodernhistory.=3\*GB3③“the+序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”表示“第幾最....”TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.=4\*GB3④否定詞+比較級(jí)=最高級(jí)Hehasneverspentamoreworryingday.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的修飾詞修飾原級(jí)的詞：fairly,quite,rather,so,very,too,nearly修飾比較級(jí)的詞：much,even,still,(by)far,alittle,alot,agreatdeal,any等修飾最高級(jí)的詞：序數(shù)詞,(by)far,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notreally,nothinglike等倍數(shù)的表達(dá)：=1\*GB3①倍數(shù)+as---as=2\*GB3②倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than=3\*GB3③倍數(shù)+the+名詞+ofAtaroughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesasbigasGreatBritain.==Ataroughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesbiggerthanGreatBritain.==Ataroughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesthesizeofGreatBritain.形容詞副詞的轉(zhuǎn)換一般狀況加-lyquick—quicklybrave---bravely輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，改y為i再加-lyeasy---easilybusy—busily以-le結(jié)尾，去e加-ysimple—simplygentle—gentlypossible---possibly元音字母+e結(jié)尾去e加-lytrue---truly-ll結(jié)尾，只加-yfull—fullydull—dully-ic結(jié)尾，加-allybasic—basicallyscientific---scientificallyspecific---specifically留意：public---publicly留意：特殊變形：whole—whollyshy—shylydry—dryly2.以-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞：friendly/lovely/lively/lonely/deadly/monthly/yearly/daily/weekly四：易混形容詞副詞的區(qū)分ago,beforeago從現(xiàn)在算起若干時(shí)間以前，常用一般過去時(shí)Igraduatedfromthecollege10yearsago.before=1\*GB3①?gòu)倪^去某時(shí)間算起若干時(shí)間以前，常用過去完成時(shí)Shesaidthatshehadmarriedhim3monthsbefore.=2\*GB3②單獨(dú)使用，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Haveyoueverseenthisfilmbefore?hard,hardlyhardlyadv.幾乎不hardadj.困難的adv.努力地Thisisahardjob.WecanhardlybelievePeterworkssohard.so,suchsuch+a/an+adj.+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞such+adj+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不行數(shù)名詞so+adj./advso+adj.+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞so+many/much/few/little(少的)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不行數(shù)名詞late,later,latter,latest,latelylateadj./adv.遲晚lateradj.以后的//adv.后來latteradj.(兩者中)后者的latestadj.最新的latelyadv.最近，近來一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—Helenfeels________afterwatchingthe________basketballgame.—Me,too.Iwanttowatchitagain!A．exciting;exciting B．excited;excited C．exciting;excited D．excited;exciting2．—Whatdoyouthinkoftheboyingreenjacket?—Heisa________soccerplayerandcanplaysoccer________.A．well;good B．good;well C．well;well D．good;good3．Howcanwebestrongand________?A．health B．healthier C．healthy D．healthiest4．Don’trunsofast.Youmustbe________whenyoucrossthestreet.A．careful B．carefully C．careless D．nervous5．MissGreenisfrom________.Sheis________.A．English；English B．England；England C．English；England D．England；English6．—Isthedoor________now?It’ssocold.—Sorry,Iwillkeepthedoor________.A．opened;closed B．open;closeC．opened;close D．open;closed7．Thefilmmakesus________.A．tohappy B．happily C．happy D．tohappily8．Mr________shoesare________.A．green;green B．Green;Green C．Green’s;green D．green’s;green9．Myfirstteacherwas________withme.A．friendly B．strict C．strictly D．friend10．JennyandKatearemygood________.Theyarevery________tome.A．friend;friendly B．friendly;friendlyC．friends;friendly D．friends;friend11．—Wasit________inyourareayesterday?—No,Butitsnowedheavilytoday.A．snow B．snows C．snowed D．snowy12．—Myfatherisa________man.—Ithinkso.Yourfatheris________overthere.A．hard-working;work B．workhard;working C．hard-working;working D．workhard;work13．—Iboughtapairofglovesforyou.Theycankeepyourhands_________.—Thankyouverymuch.A．cold B．coldly C．warm D．warmly14．—Theteacherlooksvery________.

—Yes,heislooking________atTom.What’swrong?A．a(chǎn)ngry;angrily B．a(chǎn)ngry;angry C．a(chǎn)ngrily;angrily D．a(chǎn)ngrily;angry15．Thepunchyoumadetastedquite________.A．well B．good C．nicely D．terribly16．Yesterdaywasmybirthday.Mymummadeanicecakeformeandittasted________.A．well B．delicious C．better D．deliciously17．Shestaysathome________,butshedoesn’tfeel________.A．lonely;alone B．a(chǎn)lone;lonely C．a(chǎn)lone;alone D．lonely;lonely18．Chineseisas________asEnglishinourdailylife.A．important B．moreimportant C．importanter D．importantly19．Heisoneof________inhisclass,sohealwayssitsinthebackrow.A．thetallestboys B．tallestboys C．tallboys D．thetallerboy20．Thesunshinesandshines,theweatherbecomes________.A．warmandwarm B．warmerandwarmer C．coolandcool D．coolerandcooler21．—IfIgetthejob,I’llmake________moremoney.—Yes,youwillgetmore________eachmonth.A．a(chǎn)little;dollar B．a(chǎn)few;dollars C．a(chǎn)little;dollars D．a(chǎn)few;dollar22．Tomishardworking.Itisnot________thathecanpasstheexameasily.A．surprising B．surprised C．interesting D．interested23．Thereisn’t________inthiscountrythisyear.A．enoughrain B．rainenough C．rainyenough D．enoughrains24．Thisappleis________thatone.A．threetimesasbiggeras B．a(chǎn)sbigthreetimesasC．threetimesasbigas D．a(chǎn)sbigasthreetimes25．You’dbetterkeepthewindows________.Itissohothere.A．open B．opening C．opens D．opened26．—WhatdoesLucylooklikeafterschool?

—She.A．looklikehappy B．lookslikehappy C．lookshappily D．lookshappy27．LucyandLilyare__________students.A．twonew B．toonew C．newtwo D．newtoo28．YangMiisaniceladywith________.A．longblackhair B．a(chǎn)longblackhair C．shortblackhairs D．a(chǎn)blacklonghair29．Heworkshardandisoften________.Ihopehewillhavemore________.A．success;successful B．successful;successC．success;successes D．successful;successful30．Shanghaiisbiggerthan________cityinChina.A．theother B．a(chǎn)nother C．a(chǎn)nyother D．someother31．Sheisa________dancerandshecandancevery_______.A．good,well B．well,well C．good,well D．well,good32．WhenIgottothehospital,mygrandmawas________.A．living B．a(chǎn)live C．live D．lives33．I’m________inreadingEnglishstories.A．interesting B．interests C．interested D．interest34．Thefilmis________wonderful,andwefeel________.A．quite;relaxed B．quiet;relaxed C．quite;relaxing D．quiet;relaxing35．Thesecarsare________.Theyrun________.A．quicker;quick B．quickly;quickly C．quick;quickly D．quickly;quick36．—I________watchsportsnewsbecauseit’sboring.—Really?ButIthinkit’sinteresting.A．a(chǎn)lways B．hardlyever C．usually D．sometimes37．—Canyoufindmydictionary,mum?—No,Ilookedforit________,butstillcan’tseeit.A．somewhere B．everywhere C．a(chǎn)nywhere D．nowhere38．Look!Thetrafficisterribleduringrushhours.Soyoushoulddrive.A．fast B．quickly C．quietly D．carefully39．Mr.Smithdoesn’tlikeswimming,sohe______goesswimmingwithhischildren.A．a(chǎn)lways B．usually C．often D．seldom40．—Canyouswim?—Yes,I________,andIdoit________.A．must;good B．must;well C．can;good D．can;well41．Mary______speaksChinese.Sheknowsitjustalittle.A．often B．usually C．seldom42．JimisfromEnglandandhespeaksEnglishvery________.A．good B．well C．bad D．badly43．Kittydrawsas________asMike.A．ugly B．wonderful C．beautiful D．carefully44．ItishoteverysummerinXinjiangandit________rains.A．sometimes B．a(chǎn)lways C．never D．seldom45．Imusthaveagoodsleep,soI________sleeplate.A．sometimes B．often C．seldom D．never二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。

Whatwouldpeopleliketoeatontheirbirthday?Theanswermaynotbethe46indifferentcountries.In47countries,peoplehavebirthday48withcandles.The49ofcandlesistheperson’sage.Thebirthdaypersonmust50awishandblowoutthecandles.Ifheorshe51allthecandlesin52go,thewishwill53.IntheUK,peoplesometimes54acandyinabirthdaycake.Thechildwiththecandyis55.

InChina,itisgetting56tohavecakeonyourbirthday.Butmanypeoplestilleatverylongnoodlesfortheirbirthday.They57cutupthenoodlesbecausethelongnoodlesareasymboloflong58.Insomeplaces,Chinesepeoplealsoeat59ontheirbirthday.Theyareasymboloflifeandgoodluck.

Allofthesebirthdayfoodsmaybedifferent,buttheideasarethesame.They60goodlucktothebirthdayperson.46．A．same B．fun C．right D．real47．A．a(chǎn)ny B．a(chǎn)ll C．many D．much48．A．food B．eggs C．noodles D．cakes49．A．name B．color C．size D．number50．A．make B．take C．say D．spell51．A．findsout B．putsout C．looksout D．blowsout52．A．one B．two C．first D．second53．A．comeon B．comedown C．cometrue D．comeout54．A．lose B．make C．put D．find55．A．busy B．healthy C．tidy D．lucky56．A．welcome B．popular C．relaxing D．interesting57．A．never B．a(chǎn)lways C．often D．sometimes58．A．time B．way C．life D．story59．A．rice B．eggs C．fish D．vegetables60．A．take B．bring C．get D．Have三、閱讀理解ATheChinesezodiac

TheChinesezodiac(生肖，屬相)features12animalsignsinthisorder:Rat,Ox,Tiger,Rabbit,Dragon,Snake,Horse,Sheep,Monkey,Rooster,DogandPig.Ithasahistoryofmorethan2,000years.Thereisananimalforeachyear,butthe“year”isdefinedbyChineselunarcalendar(按農(nóng)歷界定).It’snotfromJan.1sttoDec.31stingeographicalyear.ChinaRed

RedisthecolorofChina.InChinawecallitChinaRed.Itmakespeopleexcited.AndithasrichmeaninginChinesecultureandhistory.Here,redisasymbol(象征).Itgivescolortothesoul(靈魂)ofthenation.ChinaRedisthecoloroftheluck,health,harmony,happiness,peace,richnessandsoon._________

PeopleusuallyspendthefirstdayoftheChineseNewYearwiththeirfamilymembersathome.TheyusuallyhavedumplingsorniangaoasthefirstmealoftheNewYear.Afterbreakfast,littlekidsputonnewclothesandgiveNewYeargreetingstotheirparentsandgrandparents.Boththekidsandun-marriedadultsmayreceivemonetaryredenvelopesfromseniorsinthefamily.61．Thethreematerialsabovehavesomethingtodowith_________?A．Chinesescience B．Chineseculture C．Chinesefood D．Chinesesports62．Theheading(小標(biāo)題)ofthethirdmaterialmaybe_________.A．GoingHomeForNewYear B．MakeAWishForNewYearC．FirstDaySpentAtHome D．WhatPeopleEatForBreakfast63．Theunderlinedpart“redenvelopes”probablymeans_________inChinese.A．春聯(lián) B．紅包 C．窗花 D．剪紙64．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentioned(提到)?A．WhatanimalsareintheChinesezodiac. B．WhatthemeaningofChinaRedis.C．WhatwedoonthefirstdayofNewYear. D．Whatwehaveforlunchanddinner.65．Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat_________.A．theyearinChineselunarcalendarisdifferentfromthegeographicalyearB．redisthesymbolofbadluck,health,harmony,happiness,peace,richnessC．theyearinChineselunarcalendarstartsfromJan.1standendsonDec.31stD．peoplehavedumplingsorniangaoaftervisitingtheirgrandparentsathomeBOnmostweekends,youcanfindLisaStoneinfrontofacomputer.Butsheisn’tplayinggamesorwatchingvideos.She’slearninghowtowritecode.Codeisasetofinstructions(指令).Ittellsacomputerwhattodo.Codersarethepeoplewhowritetheinstructionsforacomputer.Codersmakewebsites(網(wǎng)站)orapps.Appscanbeusedforeverythingfromplayinggamestocheckingtheweather.Lisabegantolearncodingwhenshewas4yearsold.Sheusescodingtodoart,workoutproblemsandmakegames.Lisalikescodingbecauseit’suseful.“Codingisreallyfun,”shesaid.“Youcanshowwhatyouthinkinwhatyoumake.”HowdoesLisalearncoding?ShetakesclassesatC.Thewebsiteoffershundredsoffreecodelessonsforkids.Infact,morethan29millionstudentsin180countries(國(guó)家)useit.Ithopestobringcodingtoevenmorekids.“Webelievethateverychildshouldhavethechancetolearnaboutcomputersandcoding,”saidAliceSmith,thepresident(負(fù)責(zé)人)ofC.