云南省高三下學(xué)期333高考備考診斷性聯(lián)考（二）英語(yǔ)試題

2024屆“3+3+3”高考備考診斷性聯(lián)考卷（二）英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2．每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。在試題卷上作答無(wú)效。3．考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿(mǎn)分120分，考試用時(shí)100分鐘。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABesidesgettingoutintonatureyourself,thenextbestthingistotakeitallinthroughthepagesofabook.Butwheretostart?Checkoutournaturalhistorybookremendations.LivingasaNaturalistByLiuHuajie,ChinaHaveyoueverwantedtogetdowntothelevelofplantsandseetheworldthroughtheir“eyes”?LivingasaNaturalistinvitesyouintothisworld.Thisbookmakesnaturalhistoryaccessibleandattractive.ItinterpretsancientChineseeducationalandphilosophicalideasofknowingaboutnaturefromanaturalhistoryperspective.ItalsointroduceskeyfiguresintheWest’sapproachtothesubject.Thisisalldonewithahumorousandengagingwritingstylewhilefeaturingbeautifulimagesofplantsandanimals.MyFirstSummerintheSierraByJohnMuir,US/UKInthesummerof1869,JohnMuir,a31yearoldScottishimmigrant,joinedagroupofshepherdsinthefoothillsofCalifornia’sSierraNevadamountainrangeforanadventurethatprovedlifechangingforhim.Duringthosefourmonths,hekeptadiarywhilefollowingaflockofsheep,paintingagloriouspictureofidyllicforestsandmajesticmountainpeaks.ThisdiarywastitledMyFirstSummerintheSierra,whichinspiredthousandsofAmericanstovisitthearea.ItlaterbecamethewellknownYosemiteNationalPark.ThePeregrineByJ.A.Baker,UKIn1965,JohnA.Bakergaveuphisworkandlivedonhisearnings,devotingallhistimetoobservingtheperegrinefalcon(游隼).Fromautumntospring,BakertrackedtheingsandgoingsofapairofperegrinefalconsineasternEnglandbybicycleandonfoot,documentingtheirlivesandtheenvironmenttheylivein.Likethebirditself,Bakerhasakeeneyefordetail.Thebird’smostexcitingmoments,likefastflyingandhuntingprey,arebroughttolifebyBaker.Inhiseyes,themostimportantaspectsofnaturalhistoryanditsdocumentationarepatience,passionandobservation.1.WhatisincludedinLivingasaNaturalist?A.Storiesaboutshepherds. B.Drawingsofwesternfigures.C.Picturesofcreatures. D.Theoriesaboutnaturalscience.2.WhatdoesMyFirstSummerintheSierraleadto?A.Immigrants’pursuitofanindependentlife. B.Thepopularityofnaturalhistorybooks.C.John’sdedicationtoanimalprotection. D.People’saffectionfortheregion.3.WhatmakesThePeregrineasuccess?A.Greatpatienceandsubtleobservation.B.Thehumorousandengagingwritingstyle.C.Theconceptof“wilderness”rootedinBaker’sheart.D.Practicalexamplesoflivingharmoniouslywiththebird.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹了有關(guān)自然歷史的三本經(jīng)典書(shū)籍。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LivingasaNaturalist中關(guān)鍵句“Thisisalldonewithahumorousandengagingwritingstylewhilefeaturingbeautifulimagesofplantsandanimals.(這一切都是以幽默和迷人的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格完成的，同時(shí)以美麗的植物和動(dòng)物圖片為特色)”可知，該書(shū)的一大特色是含有漂亮的動(dòng)植物圖片，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MyFirstSummerintheSierra中關(guān)鍵句“ThisdiarywastitledMyFirstSummerintheSierra,whichinspiredthousandsofAmericanstovisitthearea.(這本日記標(biāo)題是《我在塞拉的第一個(gè)夏天》，它激勵(lì)了成千上萬(wàn)的美國(guó)人去參觀這個(gè)地區(qū))”可知，該書(shū)激發(fā)了人們對(duì)此地的熱愛(ài)之情，故選D。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThePeregrinez中關(guān)鍵句“Inhiseyes,themostimportantaspectsofnaturalhistoryanditsdocumentationarepatience,passionandobservation.(在他看來(lái)，自然歷史及其文獻(xiàn)最重要的方面是耐心、激情和觀察)”可知，在Baker眼里，自然歷史及其文獻(xiàn)最重要的方面是耐心、熱情以及觀察。由此可見(jiàn)，他作品的成功得益于他極大的耐心和敏銳的洞察力，故選A。BFromsweepinglandscapestoamazingbuildings,Taiwanisanislandthatmanytouristsvisitfrequently.That’swhyitcanseemoddthatoneofitsmostfamouslandmarksistwohumblemailboxes.LocatedintheZhongshanDistrictinthecityofTaipei,theseuniquemailboxeshavecaughtthepublic’simaginationthankstotheirappearance.Unlikemostmailboxes,thesetwoareseverelybent.Duetoitslocation,Taiwantendstobestruckbytyphoons,asitisusuallyhitbythreeorfourwindstormsayear.In2015,aparticularlybadoneknownasTyphoonSoudelorstrucktheisland.Duringthestorm,abillboardgotlooseduetotheheavywindsandhitthemailboxes.Whileitbenttheirposts,itdidn’ttearthemdown.Afterthestormwasover,peoplecameacrossthenewlyleaningmailboxesandfellinlovewiththem.Notonlydidtheylookadorable,buttheywerealsoasymbolofresilience(堅(jiān)韌)andsurvival.Socialmediaquicklycaughtwindofthesenewlandmarksandpeoplebeganvisitingthem.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheystartedstagingfunphotoswiththenewlandmarks,usingforcedperspective—similartothewaytouristsposeinItalywiththeLeaningTowerofPisa.Thisledauthoritiestoacceptthesymbolismofthemailboxeswillingly,andinsteadofrepairingthem,theyaddedaboardtellingtheirstoryinChinese,English,andJapanese.Theboardreads:“OnAugust8th,2015,TyphoonSoudelorstruckTaiwan.Wewerehitintheheadsbyasignboardasaresultandcouldn’thelpbutleanoverfromthepain.Itwassopainfulinfact—wecan’tstandupstraightanymore.Butwepersevered:wedidn’tfalloverafterall.Wehavetotakelifeasitesandinaway,Ithinkwelookmoreartsyandsophisticatedthisway!Doweinspireyou?Takeapicturewithustoremindyourselvesthatweareallsurvivorsandcanperseverenomatterwhat.”ThebestpartofthisTaipeiattractionisthatthemailboxesarestilloperational.Thelettersintheboxesareevenmarkedwithaspecialstampthatshowsthefamousmailboxes.4.Whyarethemailboxesbent?A.Theywerestruckbyabillboard.B.Theyweresqueezedbyahugestone.C.Theywereblownoverbythestrongwind.D.Theywereremodeledonpurposebytheirdesigner.5.Whydidn’tthegovernmentrepairthemailboxes?A.Theyweredifficulttofix. B.Theyhadbeeverymercialized.C.Theyweregainingpopularityamongtourists. D.TheywereaforttotheTyphoonsufferers.6.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph4probablymean?A.Havingexperiencedalot. B.Withdelicatedecorations.C.Offirstclassquality. D.Beingwindproof.7.Howdothemailboxesinspirepeople?A.Theypresentveryhighartisticvalue.B.Theyindicatefocusonbeautyappreciation.C.Theywarnpeopleofdamagingeffectsoftyphoons.D.Theysymbolizegreatcourageinthefaceofadversity.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了臺(tái)北中山區(qū)的兩個(gè)郵箱在臺(tái)風(fēng)期間被廣告牌砸中，發(fā)生嚴(yán)重彎曲卻依然不倒，因其可愛(ài)的外形和獨(dú)特的象征意義而受到游客的喜愛(ài)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Duringthestorm,abillboardgotlooseduetotheheavywindsandhitthemailboxes.Whileitbenttheirposts,itdidn’ttearthemdown.(在暴風(fēng)雨中，一塊廣告牌因大風(fēng)而松動(dòng)，砸在了郵箱上。雖然它弄彎了柱子，但并沒(méi)有把它們?cè)业?”可知，在風(fēng)暴期間，一塊廣告牌因強(qiáng)風(fēng)而松動(dòng)，砸到了郵箱，使其彎曲。故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Socialmediaquicklycaughtwindofthesenewlandmarksandpeoplebeganvisitingthem.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheystartedstagingfunphotoswiththenewlandmarks,usingforcedperspective—similartothewaytouristsposeinItalywiththeLeaningTowerofPisa.Thisledauthoritiestoacceptthesymbolismofthemailboxeswillingly,andinsteadofrepairingthem,theyaddedaboardtellingtheirstoryinChinese,English,andJapanese.(社交媒體很快就發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些新地標(biāo)，人們開(kāi)始參觀它們。沒(méi)過(guò)多久，他們就開(kāi)始用強(qiáng)迫視角拍攝這些新地標(biāo)的有趣照片——類(lèi)似于游客在意大利對(duì)比薩斜塔的拍照方式。這使得當(dāng)局心甘情愿地接受了這些郵箱的象征意義，他們沒(méi)有修理它們，而是在上面加了一塊用中文、英文和日文講述他們的故事的板)”可知，社交媒體很快就聽(tīng)到了這些新地標(biāo)的風(fēng)聲，人們開(kāi)始參觀它們，這讓當(dāng)局心甘情愿地接受了郵箱的象征意義，所以并沒(méi)有修理他們。故選C。【6題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段劃線(xiàn)詞前文“Itwassopainfulinfact—wecan’tstandupstraightanymore.Butwepersevered:wedidn’tfalloverafterall.Wehavetotakelifeasitesandinaway,Ithinkwelookmoreartsy(它是如此痛苦，事實(shí)上，我們不能站直了。但我們堅(jiān)持了下來(lái)：我們終究沒(méi)有倒下。我們必須接受生活，在某種程度上，我認(rèn)為我們看起來(lái)更有藝術(shù)性)”可知，這是當(dāng)局對(duì)于郵箱解釋文字。郵箱被廣告牌砸中，痛得忍不住俯下身來(lái)，但還是堅(jiān)持了下來(lái)，終究沒(méi)有倒下，它們隨遇而安，在某種意義上，沒(méi)有被修復(fù)過(guò)的郵箱看起來(lái)更有藝術(shù)感，更有故事感，經(jīng)歷了更多，劃線(xiàn)詞與“Havingexperiencedalot.經(jīng)歷了很多”意思相近。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句“Doweinspireyou?Takeapicturewithustoremindyourselvesthatweareallsurvivorsandcanperseverenomatterwhat.(我們激勵(lì)了你嗎？和我們一起拍張照片，提醒自己我們都是幸存者，無(wú)論如何都能堅(jiān)持下去)”可知，郵箱在風(fēng)暴中堅(jiān)持了下來(lái)，象征著面對(duì)逆境的巨大勇氣。故選D。CBrazilianscientiststhinktheymighthavefoundawaytoundothedamagecausedbythecuttingdownoftreesandturnfarmlandbackintoforest.Thesecretliesinancientlocalknowledgeofsoil.AmazonianDarkEarth(ADE)isathick,blacksoilfounddeepintheAmazonrainforest,anditcouldhelprestoreforestsaroundtheworld.ADEisakindofpost(soilmadefromdeadplantsandanimals).Variouskindsofpostaresoldingardeningcentersaroundtheworld,butADEisunique.ItwascreatedbyindigenouspeoplefromtheAmazonbetween2,000and2,500yearsago.TheAmazonianpeople,todayknownasAmerindians,createdADEusingcharcoalfromfires,animalbones,foodwasteandpoo.Itcontainsmicrobes(微生物)thathelptoturnchemicalsinthesoilintousefulnutrientsthatfeedplantsandtrees.VastareasoftheAmazonhavebeencutdown,mostlytomakewayforgrasslandforraisingcattle.Scientistsarelookingforawaytoturngrasslandbackintorainforestandreviveforestecosystems.Thesesupportthousandsofanimalandplantspecies,manyofwhichareuniquetothearea.Forestsalsoabsorblotsofcarbondioxide.ToseeiftheAmazon’sspecialsoilcouldhelp,thescientistsgrewgrassesandtreesinADE,regularearthandamixtureofboth.TreesgrowninADEwereuptosixtimestallerthanthoseinregularsoil.ADEtakeshundredsofyearstocreate,sothescientistscan’tsimplymakemore.Teammember,DrSiuMuiTsai,saidthatinsteadtheywanttotryand“copyitscharacteristics”,especiallyitshelpfulmicrobes,andseeifitcouldhelptorestorenaturalhabitats.8.WhatmakesADEvaluable?A.Itshistoryofthousandsofyears. B.Itspotentialtoenhancereforestation.C.Itsmedicalpropertiesforplantsandanimals. D.ItsbeingdiscoveredbytheAmazonianpeople.9.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thenecessityofrestoringforests.B.Theserioussituationofendangeredanimals.C.ThepositiveeffectsofADEonforestecosystems.D.Theadaptationofgrasslandstothechangingclimate.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.AnalternativeisboundtoreplaceADE.B.Soilwithsimilarfeaturesisindevelopment.C.ADEworksbetterwhenmixedwithregularsoil.D.ADEhasbeenprovedeffectiveingrowingtrees.11.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abiologytextbook. B.Anarcheologyjournal.C.Asciencemagazine. D.Aliterarycollection.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了在亞馬遜雨林深處發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種黑土（ADE）可以幫助恢復(fù)世界各地的森林?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AmazonianDarkEarth(ADE)isathick,blacksoilfounddeepintheAmazonrainforest,anditcouldhelprestoreforestsaroundtheworld.(亞馬遜黑土是在亞馬遜雨林深處發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種厚厚的黑土，它可以幫助恢復(fù)世界各地的森林)”可知，亞馬遜黑土的價(jià)值在于它可以幫助恢復(fù)世界各地的森林。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“VastareasoftheAmazonhavebeencutdown,mostlytomakewayforgrasslandforraisingcattle.Scientistsarelookingforawaytoturngrasslandbackintorainforestandreviveforestecosystems.Thesesupportthousandsofanimalandplantspecies,manyofwhichareuniquetothearea.Forestsalsoabsorblotsofcarbondioxide.(亞馬遜的大片地區(qū)已經(jīng)被砍伐，主要是為了給養(yǎng)牛的草地讓路?？茖W(xué)家們正在尋找一種將草原變回雨林并恢復(fù)森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的方法。這里孕育著成千上萬(wàn)的動(dòng)植物物種，其中許多是該地區(qū)獨(dú)有的。森林也吸收大量的二氧化碳)”可知，本段主要介紹了退耕還林的必要性，故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“TreesgrowninADEwereuptosixtimestallerthanthoseinregularsoil.(在亞馬遜黑土中生長(zhǎng)的樹(shù)木比在普通土壤中生長(zhǎng)的樹(shù)木高6倍)”可知，生長(zhǎng)在亞馬遜黑土中的樹(shù)木比生長(zhǎng)在普通土壤中的樹(shù)木高六倍，說(shuō)明亞馬遜黑土在促進(jìn)樹(shù)木生長(zhǎng)方面非常有效。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Brazilianscientiststhinktheymighthavefoundawaytoundothedamagecausedbythecuttingdownoftreesandturnfarmlandbackintoforest.Thesecretliesinancientlocalknowledgeofsoil.(巴西科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，他們可能已經(jīng)找到了一種方法，可以消除砍伐樹(shù)木造成的破壞，將農(nóng)田變回森林。秘密在于當(dāng)?shù)毓爬系耐寥乐R(shí))”可知，全文介紹了亞馬遜黑土可以幫助恢復(fù)世界各地的森林，很可能出自一本科學(xué)雜志。故選C。DInthemorethan6,000yearsoflivingincities,humanshavealwayshadtofindsolutionstoproblemsconcerninghowtheyliveandwork,suchassanitation,transportation,crimeandenvironmentalprotection.Today,usingcuttingedgetechnologies,smartcitiescancoverthemall.Wearenowintheeraofbeing“smart”.AccordingtotheEuropeanmission,asmartcityis“aplacewheretraditionalnetworksandservicesaremademoreefficientwiththeuseofdigitalsolutionsforthebenefitofitsinhabitantsandbusinesses”.Itmeanssmarterurbantransportnetworks,upgradedwatersuppliesandwastedisposalfacilitiesandmoreefficientwaystolightandheatbuildings.Italsomeansamoreinteractiveandresponsivecityadministration,saferpublicspacesandmeetingtheneedsofanagingpopulation.Theoriginoftheconceptofsmartcitiescanbetracedbacktothe1960sand1970s,whentheUSmunityAnalysisBureaubeganusingdatabases,aerialphotographyandotherdigitalmethodstocollectdataanddoanalysissothatthecitiescoulddirectservices,relievetheinfluenceofdisastersandreducepoverty.Smartcitiesrelyheavilyonautomation,connectivitytotheInternet,andtheInternetofthings(IoT).AccordingtoTWI,aglobalorganizationdedicatedtotechnologyengineering,asmartcityoperatesaccordingtofourbasicsteps:collection,analysis,munication,andaction.Inthisapproach,asetofsmartsensorswillcollectrealtimedataaboutpeopleandinfrastructure.Afterthedatacollectedisanalyzed,theresultwillbemunicatedtothedecisionmakers,whowilltakeactiontoimprovethequalityofcitylifeforitsresidents.Smartcitytechnologieshavealreadybeenappliedinsomecountriesandcitiesaroundtheworld.Singapore,forexample,hasintroducedawiderangeofsmarttechnologiesinbothitspublicandprivatesectorssincelaunchingitsSmartNationinitiativein2014.Tohelpwiththeagingpopulation,itintroducedadigitalhealthsystemallowingvideoconsultationsaswellaswearabledevicestomonitorpatients.12.Whatisthemainfeatureofasmartcity?A.Itcanmeettheneedsoftheelderly. B.Itisfullyevolvedandmultifunctional.C.Ithighlydependsonmoderntechnologies. D.Itisaplacewhereonecanliveacarefreelife.13.WhatmayTWIagreewith?A.Decisionmakersaresupposedtoanalyzetherealtimedata.B.Jointeffortsarerequiredtoensuretheoperationofasmartcity.C.Thequalityofcitylifehasimprovedduetothegovernmentinitiative.D.Problemsstillexistinthesmartcitydespitegreatconvenienceitbrings.14.WhyisSingaporementionedinthelastparagraph?A.Topraiseitscontributiontotheworld.B.Toshowitsadvantageoverothercountries.C.Togainwidespreadsupportforasmartcity.D.Toillustratetheapplicationofsmartcitytechnologies.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SmartCity:ABriefHistory B.SmartCity:LivetheSmartWayC.SmartCity:SayGoodbyetothePast D.SmartCity:BothChancesandChallenges【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了智慧城市的定義、起源、特點(diǎn)以及應(yīng)用?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Today,usingcuttingedgetechnologies,smartcitiescancoverthemall.(今天，使用尖端技術(shù)，智慧城市可以覆蓋所有這些)”以及第四段“Smartcitiesrelyheavilyonautomation,connectivitytotheInternet,andtheInternetofthings

(IoT).(智慧城市在很大程度上依賴(lài)于自動(dòng)化、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接和物聯(lián)網(wǎng))”可知，智慧城市利用尖端技術(shù)解決生活中的諸多問(wèn)題，且在很大程度上依賴(lài)于自動(dòng)化、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接以及物聯(lián)網(wǎng)。由此可見(jiàn)，智慧城市高度依賴(lài)現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“AccordingtoTWI,aglobalorganizationdedicatedtotechnologyengineering,asmartcityoperatesaccordingtofourbasicsteps:collection,analysis,munication,andaction.Inthisapproach,asetofsmartsensorswillcollectrealtimedataaboutpeopleandinfrastructure.Afterthedatacollectedisanalyzed,theresultwillbemunicatedtothedecisionmakers,whowilltakeactiontoimprovethequalityofcitylifeforitsresidents.(據(jù)致力于技術(shù)工程的全球性組織TWI介紹，智慧城市的運(yùn)作需要四個(gè)基本步驟：收集、分析、溝通和行動(dòng)。在這種方法中，一組智能傳感器將收集有關(guān)人員和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)。收集到的數(shù)據(jù)被分析后，結(jié)果將傳達(dá)給決策者，決策者將采取行動(dòng)改善城市居民的生活質(zhì)量)”可知，智慧城市的正常運(yùn)行需要多方的共同努力，故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Smartcitytechnologieshavealreadybeenappliedinsomecountriesandcitiesaroundtheworld.Singapore,forexample,hasintroducedawiderangeofsmarttechnologiesinbothitspublicandprivatesectorssincelaunchingitsSmartNationinitiativein2014.(智慧城市技術(shù)已經(jīng)在世界上一些國(guó)家和城市得到了應(yīng)用。例如，新加坡自2014年啟動(dòng)智能?chē)?guó)家計(jì)劃以來(lái)，在公共和私營(yíng)部門(mén)引入了廣泛的智能技術(shù))”可知，提到新加坡，是為了進(jìn)行舉例說(shuō)明智慧城市技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Today,usingcuttingedgetechnologies,smartcitiescancoverthemall.Wearenowintheeraofbeing“smart”.(今天，使用尖端技術(shù)，智慧城市可以覆蓋所有這些。我們現(xiàn)在處在一個(gè)“智慧”時(shí)代)”及下文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了智慧城市的定義、起源、特點(diǎn)以及應(yīng)用。B項(xiàng)“智慧城市：智慧生活方式”體現(xiàn)出智能科技下的智慧生活，具有很強(qiáng)的概括性，故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheMaasaipeoplearethemosteasilyidentifiableinKenyawiththeirverycolorfulclothingandornamentsonthebody.Theyliveanomadiclife,raisingandhuntinganimalsnearsomeofKenya’smostvisitedwildlifeparks.___16___ItisatraditionforayoungMaasaimancalledamoranintheMaasailanguage,tokillalionalonewithaspeartoshowthatheisaman.Withthekill,amoranwouldbeabletowina“l(fā)ionname”andadmirationamongyoungwomen.___17___Instead,theyoungMaasaiwilltakepartinajavelin(標(biāo)槍)throwingpetitionataneventcalledtheMaasaiOlympics.MingatiSamanya,attheageof69,isoneoftheMaasaielders.Duringhisyouth,Samanyakilledtwolionstoshowhewasaman.___18___SamanyaisnowamongtheelderswhoaretryingtopushtheyoungMaasaitodosomethingdifferenttoprovethemselves,whichincludesparticipatinginjavelinthrowing,jumpingandotheractivitiesinthemunityOlympics.___19___Inthepast,theykilledlionsanddidn’tgetanybenefitfromit.Rightnow,whenthemoransthrowajavelin,runorjump,theygetnotjustmedals,butalsosomemoney.___20___ThankstotheMaasaiOlympicsanditsappealingpracticeinparticular,thelionpopulationinpartsoftheKimanaSanctuary(保護(hù)區(qū))nearMountKilimanjarohasincreased10timesoverthelast20years.A.Itcanhelpprovidefortheirfamilies.B.Quiteoftenwomenalsojoinintheevents.C.Thatishowhehadthe“l(fā)ionname”Mingati.D.HereeshowtheyprotecttherightsoftheMaasai.E.ButtheMaasaiseemtobeendingthetradition.F.However,theirhuntinghasoftenbeentakenasathreattothelions.G.OnaSaturday,themoransnearKimanawillpeteforrewards.【答案】16F17.E18.C19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文?！蔼?dú)自用長(zhǎng)矛殺死一頭獅子”是肯尼亞馬賽部落男性成人的象征?，F(xiàn)在，這一傳統(tǒng)正在改變。他們?cè)O(shè)立了馬賽奧運(yùn)會(huì)，并給出獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，在這一舉措下，獅子的數(shù)量有了提升?！?6題詳解】空前“TheMaasaipeoplearethemosteasilyidentifiableinKenyawiththeirverycolorfulclothingandornamentsonthebody.Theyliveanomadiclife,raisingandhuntinganimalsnearsomeofKenya’smostvisitedwildlifeparks.(馬賽人是肯尼亞最容易辨認(rèn)的民族，他們穿著色彩鮮艷的衣服和身上的裝飾品。他們過(guò)著游牧生活，在肯尼亞一些游客最多的野生動(dòng)物園附近飼養(yǎng)和狩獵動(dòng)物)”說(shuō)明馬賽人的生活方式，結(jié)合文章最后“ThankstotheMaasaiOlympicsanditsappealingpracticeinparticular,thelionpopulationinpartsoftheKimanaSanctuarynearMountKilimanjarohasincreased10timesoverthelast20years.(多虧了馬賽奧運(yùn)會(huì)，尤其是它吸引人的做法，在乞力馬扎羅山附近的基馬納保護(hù)區(qū)的部分地區(qū)，獅子的數(shù)量在過(guò)去20年里增加了10倍)”可知，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“然而，他們的捕獵經(jīng)常被認(rèn)為是對(duì)獅子的威脅”引出這種生活方式對(duì)于獅子的威脅，首段與尾段呼應(yīng)。故選F?！?7題詳解】空前“ItisatraditionforayoungMaasaiman,calledamoranintheMaasailanguage,tokillalionalonewithaspeartoshowthatheisaman.Withthekill,amoranwouldbeabletowina“l(fā)ionname”andadmirationamongyoungwomen.(年輕的馬賽人(在馬賽語(yǔ)中被稱(chēng)為moran)有一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)，那就是獨(dú)自用長(zhǎng)矛殺死一頭獅子，以表明他是一個(gè)男人。通過(guò)捕殺，moran可以贏得一個(gè)“獅子的名字”和年輕女性的崇拜)”表明這種傳統(tǒng)的寓意，空后“Instead,theyoungMaasaiwilltakepartinajavelinthrowingpetitionataneventcalledtheMaasaiOlympics.(相反，年輕的馬賽人將參加一項(xiàng)名為馬賽奧運(yùn)會(huì)的標(biāo)槍比賽)”表明，年輕的馬賽人正在改變這一傳統(tǒng)，E選項(xiàng)“但馬賽人似乎正在終結(jié)這一傳統(tǒng)”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?8題詳解】空前“MingatiSamanya,attheageof69,isoneoftheMaasaielders.Duringhisyouth,Samanyakilledtwolionstoshowhewasaman.(現(xiàn)年69歲的MingatiSamanya是馬賽老人之一。在他年輕的時(shí)候，Samanya殺死了兩只獅子，以顯示他是一個(gè)男人)”并結(jié)合前文講到馬賽部落男性成人的傳統(tǒng)“獨(dú)自用長(zhǎng)矛殺死一頭獅子”，還可獲得“獅子的名字”可知，C選項(xiàng)“這就是為什么他有了“獅子的名字”Mingati”符合語(yǔ)境，與前文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選C?！?9題詳解】空處為段落主題句。后文“Inthepast,theykilledlionsanddidn’tgetanybenefitfromit.Rightnow,whenthemoransthrowajavelin,runorjump,theygetnotjustmedals,butalsosomemoney.(在過(guò)去，他們捕殺獅子，并沒(méi)有從中得到任何好處?，F(xiàn)在，當(dāng)馬賽人投擲標(biāo)槍、跑或跳時(shí)，他們不僅能獲得獎(jiǎng)牌，還能得到一些錢(qián))”表示現(xiàn)在的奧運(yùn)會(huì)中，獲勝的馬賽人能得到一些獎(jiǎng)賞，G選項(xiàng)“在一個(gè)星期六，Kimana附近的馬賽人將為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”中rewards與后文medals，money對(duì)應(yīng)。故選G?！?0題詳解】空前“Inthepast,theykilledlionsanddidn’tgetanybenefitfromit.Rightnow,whenthemoransthrowajavelin,runorjump,theygetnotjustmedals,butalsosomemoney.(在過(guò)去，他們捕殺獅子，并沒(méi)有從中得到任何好處?，F(xiàn)在，當(dāng)馬賽人投擲標(biāo)槍、跑或跳時(shí)，他們不僅能獲得獎(jiǎng)牌，還能得到一些錢(qián))”可知，前句介紹了馬賽奧運(yùn)會(huì)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)不僅有獎(jiǎng)牌，還有獎(jiǎng)金，A選項(xiàng)“它可以幫助他們養(yǎng)家糊口”表示獎(jiǎng)金的用處，和前文語(yǔ)境一致。故選A。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。At59,DoctorXiaoJiulinstandsonly90centimeterstall.Heisthe___21___ofachildhooddiseasethatseverelyinfluenceshisbone___22___.Astheonlydoctorattheclinic,he___23___allthework.However,nothingseemstoo___24___forXiao.Yetitwasalmostimpossibleto___25___hisdreamofbeingadoctor.Hisparentscouldn’taffordhis___26___beyondhighschool,andhedesperatelyneededto___27___himself.Helearnedpalmreading,always___28___tostudymedicineandsavelives,though.His___29___paidoff.Hegotthechancetoapprenticeataclinic____30____fortwoyearsandstudiedatalocalmedicalschoolforanotherthreeyears.Hethenreturnedtohishomevillagetobeadoctor.Nopatientcametohis____31____atfirst.Thevillagers,whowere____32____ofhispetence,wouldrathergototheneighboringvillagesfor____33____.“Irefusedtobe____34____,knowingIneededtoimprovemyselfto____35____theirtrust,”saidXiao.Hereadmedicalbookswheneverhehadtime.Todaytheclinichasprovidedprimarycareforatleast2,000villagers,butasXiao’sreputationgrows,morepatientsfromneighboringareasetoconsulthim.21.A.patient B.victim C.specialist D.subject22.A.development B.transformation C.flexibility D.firmness23.A.assigns B.supervises C.organizes D.undertakes24.A.achievable B.tough C.desirable D.risky25.A.giveup B.holdback C.stickto D.makeup26.Atraining B.practice C.equipment D.education27.A.motivate B.accept C.challenge D.support28.A.proceeding B.ceasing C.desiring D.hesitating29.A.assessment B.perseverance C.attachment D.tolerance30.A.permanently B.accidentally C.eventually D.barely31.A.clinic B.studio C.hospital D.laboratory32.A.unconvinced B.ignorant C.unconscious D.envious33.A.recovery B.consultation C.operation D.confirmation34.A.cross B.overwhelmed C.dependent D.frustrated35.A.earn B.maintain C.enhance D.restore【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.D27.D28.C29.B30.C31.A32.A33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了身材不足1米的肖九林醫(yī)生堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想，克服困難，成為著名村醫(yī)的事跡?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他是一種兒童疾病的受害者，嚴(yán)重影響了他的骨骼發(fā)育。A.patient病人；B.victim受害者；C.specialist專(zhuān)家；D.subject主題。根據(jù)“DoctorXiaoJiulinstandsonly90centimeterstall.”及“ofachildhooddisease”可知，肖九林醫(yī)生是兒童疾病的受害者。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他是一種兒童疾病的受害者，嚴(yán)重影響了他的骨骼發(fā)育。A.development發(fā)展，發(fā)育；B.transformation變形；C.flexibility靈活性；D.firmness堅(jiān)定。根據(jù)前文“At59,DoctorXiaoJiulinstandsonly90centimeterstall.”可知，肖醫(yī)生不足1米，所以是骨骼發(fā)育不良。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為診所里唯一的醫(yī)生，他承擔(dān)了所有的工作。A.assigns分配；B.supervises監(jiān)督，管理；C.organizes組織；D.undertakes從事、承擔(dān)。根據(jù)“Astheonlydoctorattheclinic”可知，作為唯一的醫(yī)生，肖醫(yī)生承擔(dān)了所有的工作。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，對(duì)肖來(lái)說(shuō)，似乎沒(méi)有什么是困難的。A.achievable可完成的；B.tough艱難的；C.desirable令人向往的；D.risky有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)前文“Astheonlydoctorattheclinic,he___3___allthework.”及下文描述他在成為一個(gè)醫(yī)生的道路上遭受的困難，但他堅(jiān)持到最后成功可知，對(duì)于肖醫(yī)生，沒(méi)有什么是困難的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：然而，要堅(jiān)持成為一名醫(yī)生的夢(mèng)想幾乎是不可能的。A.giveup放棄；B.holdback抑制；C.stickto堅(jiān)持；D.makeup組成，編造。根據(jù)下文“Hisparentscouldn’taffordhis___6___beyondhighschool”可知，父母只能負(fù)擔(dān)到高中的學(xué)費(fèi)，要成為一名醫(yī)生還要學(xué)習(xí)很多內(nèi)容，所以，堅(jiān)持醫(yī)生的夢(mèng)想幾乎是不可能的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父母負(fù)擔(dān)不起他高中之后的教育費(fèi)用，他迫切需要養(yǎng)活自己。A.training訓(xùn)練；B.practice練習(xí)；C.equipment設(shè)備；D.education教育。根據(jù)“Hisparentscouldn’taffordhis___6___beyondhighschool”可知，父母只能負(fù)擔(dān)到高中學(xué)習(xí)費(fèi)用，大學(xué)教育費(fèi)用承擔(dān)不起。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父母負(fù)擔(dān)不起他高中之后的教育費(fèi)用，他迫切需要養(yǎng)活自己。A.motivate激勵(lì)；B.accept接受；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.support支持。根據(jù)上文講到父母只能支付到他的高中學(xué)費(fèi)可知，他需要自己來(lái)養(yǎng)活自己，支持自己的夢(mèng)想。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他學(xué)會(huì)了看手相，但一直渴望研究醫(yī)學(xué)，拯救生命。A.proceeding繼續(xù)；B.ceasing停止；C.desiring渴望；D.hesitating猶豫。根據(jù)“Helearnedpalmreading”及“tostudymedicineandsavelives”可知，他總是渴望研究醫(yī)學(xué)，拯救生命。故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的毅力得到了回報(bào)。A.assessment評(píng)估；B.perseverance毅力；C.attachment附件，依戀；D.tolerance忍受。根據(jù)“paidoff”可知，雖然條件困難，但是肖醫(yī)生沒(méi)有放棄，他的毅力和堅(jiān)持最終得到了回報(bào)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他最終得到了在一家診所當(dāng)兩年學(xué)徒的機(jī)會(huì)，并在當(dāng)?shù)匾凰t(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)了三年。A.permanently永遠(yuǎn)地；B.accidentally偶然地；C.eventually最終；D.barely幾乎不。根據(jù)“His___9___paidoff.”可知，肖醫(yī)生的努力獲得了成功，最終，他得到了一個(gè)兩年學(xué)徒的機(jī)會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一開(kāi)始沒(méi)有病人來(lái)他的診所。A.clinic診所；B.studio錄音室；C.hospital醫(yī)院；D.laboratory實(shí)驗(yàn)室。根據(jù)上文“Hethenreturnedtohishomevillagetobeadoctor.”及文章第一段“Astheonlydoctorattheclinic”可知，肖醫(yī)生回到了村莊作村醫(yī)，開(kāi)了診所。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：村民們不相信他的能力，寧愿到鄰村去咨詢(xún)。A.unconvinced懷疑的；B.ignorant無(wú)知的；C.unconscious無(wú)意識(shí)的；D.envious嫉妒的。根據(jù)“wouldrathergototheneighboringvillages”可知，村民不相信他的能力，即，懷疑他的能力。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：村民們不相信他的能力，寧愿到鄰村去咨詢(xún)。A.recovery恢復(fù)；B.consultation咨詢(xún)；C.operation操作，手術(shù)；D.confirmation確認(rèn)。根據(jù)“wouldrathergototheneighboringvillagesfor___13___.”可知，村民不相信肖醫(yī)生的醫(yī)術(shù)，寧愿去鄰村找醫(yī)生咨詢(xún)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：肖說(shuō)：“我拒絕沮喪，我知道我需要提高自己來(lái)贏得他們的信任?！盇.cross惱怒的；B.overwhelmed被壓倒的；C.dependent依賴(lài)的；D.frustrated沮喪的，受挫的。根據(jù)“knowingIneededtoimprovemyself”可知，雖然村民看不上他，但是他并沒(méi)有沮喪，更認(rèn)為自己要提高知識(shí)水準(zhǔn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：肖說(shuō)：“我拒絕沮喪，我知道我需要提高自己來(lái)贏得他們的信任?！盇.earn掙得，賺得；B.maintain維持；C.enhance提升；D.restore恢復(fù)。根據(jù)最后一段“Todaytheclinichasprovidedprimarycareforatleast2,000villagers”可知，肖醫(yī)生獲得了信任，所以，當(dāng)他挫敗時(shí)，他想要贏得村民的信任。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheannualYuyuanGardenlanternshowinShanghai,whichis___36___(original)fromtheHanDynasty,hasbeenlistedasoneofChina’sformsofintangibleculturalheritage.Itisoneofthecountry’soldestlanternfairs,___37___localsgotoenjoythefestiveatmosphereandwisheachotherwell.Now,thebelovedYuyuanGardenlanternshow___38___(take)placeoutsideofChinafortheveryfirsttime,___39___60largesizedstructuresandmorethan2,000lanternslightingtheoldestamusementparkinParis.Fromdragonshapedlanternstopatterns___40___(inspire)bythelegendaryworldof“TheClassicofMountainsandSeas”,aChineseliteraryclassic,theYuyuanGardenlanternshowinParishasbuiltaworldoflightsandimaginationforvisitors,showcasingthecharmoftraditionalChineseculture.Highlightingvariousculturaland___41___(spirit)symbols,thelanterndisplaysincludemythicalcreaturessuchasKunpengandYinglong,___42___(represent)ambitionandstrength.Beyondthelanterns,visitorscanalsoadmiretraditionalChinesecostumesand___43___(accessory),andenjoyChinesecuisine.Withamixtureofdancing,acrobatics(雜技)___44___martialartsperformances,thelanternshowpromisestobe____45____immersiveexperienceintheworldofChinesefolkloreandlanterns.Morethanjustalanterns