高考總復習英語（北師大版）習題Unit5　Rhythm（必修二）課時作業(yè)

課時作業(yè)(五)A卷·基礎強化練Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou，itcanbeextremely(extreme)difficulttoletgoofyourhate.2．Itwasthepresident’ssecondappearance(appear)inpublic.3．Mobilephoneconversationsarenotpermitted(permission)anywhereinthelibrary.4．Thefamily’sreaction(react)wasalwaysabinationofshockandjoy.5．Thewinewasexcellent，butthefoodwasdisappointing(disappoint)．6．Aswomenwegenerally(general)sayandfeeltoomuchaboutthesethings.7．Thesenseofresponsibility(responsible)forourcountrymadethemcontributethemselvesgreatly.8．Thisaccidenthadagreateffect(effective)uponthefutureofbothmotherandson.9．Asweallknow，apersonwhocancreatemanynewinventionsisalwaysconsideredtobecreative.(creative)10．PeoplepresentattheconcertsinghighpraiseforSongZuying’sperformance；inotherwords，sheisagoodperformer.(perform)11．Ourteacherusedto_bring(bring)ustoattendasciencelectureinthehalltwiceaterm.12．(2017·浙江卷)Williamswas_impressed(impress)withBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.13．I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.14．Childas/thoughheis，heknowsalot.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Asthewhiskytooktheeffect，hegraduallyfellintoadrunksleep.去掉第二個the2．Thistableistooclosetothedoor；itgetsontheway.on→in3．Severalnewbookswillhavebeeneoutbytheendofnextmonth.去掉been4．Hehasgotusedtoliveinthebigcitynow.live→living5．Thewinewasgood，butthefoodtherewasdisappointed.disappointed→disappointing6．Itishightimethatwegetdowntodoingourhomework.get→got或get前加should7．Ifyouwanttodoso，youmustaskpermissionfirst.ask后加for8．Basingonmyownview，thisideaisacceptable.Basing→Based9．Intheeyesofme，theseworksofartareextremespecial.extreme→extremely10．I’mfullyresponsibilityforyourone－daytourtoourschoolandourcity.responsibility→responsible11．Iamdeeplyimpressbythegreatchangesthathavetakenplaceintheschooloverthepastthreeyears.impress→impressed12．Aftertheperform，I’meagertoshowyouaroundsomeplacesofinterest.perform→performanceⅢ.完成句子1．上次我見到他時他什么也沒有告訴我。Hedidn’ttellmeanythingthe_last_time_I_saw_him.2．我琢磨不透為什么他放棄了出國。Ican’tfigureoutwhyhequit_going_abroad.3．李明不能去參加會議，所以我代表他去了。LiMingcouldn’tgotothemeeting，soIrepresented_him.4．他否認他對那次事故負責。Hedeniedthathewas_responsible_for_the_accident.5．每當我看《中國新歌聲》時，我感到非常激動。Every_time_I_watchtheprogrammeSing！China，Ifeelveryexcited.6．自從我到北京找工作將近兩年了。It_is_nearly_two_yearssinceIcametoBeijingtolookforajob.7．直到他走到她的道上，她才注意到他。She_did_not_notice_the_manuntilhemovedintoherpath.8．那就是為什么我總是在其他人成功的地方失敗。That_is_whyIhavealwaysfailedwhereothershavesucceeded.Ⅳ.閱讀理解A話題難度系數(shù)詞數(shù)建議用時動物☆☆3207′(2018·河南偃師一高模擬)DOGSDRIVECARAuckland，NewZealandAftertwomonthsoflearning，MontyandPorterwereabletodriveanautomobilearoundaracetrack.“Wewantedtoprovehowsmartrescuedogsare，”animalbehavioristMarkVettesays.Vettefirstusedvoicemandsandtreatstoteachthedogshowtoturnasteeringwheelandhowtochangegear(換擋)．Thedogs’rideonlyacceleratedupto7.5milesanhour，andtrainerscouldstoptheautousingaremotecontrol.GOLDENZEBRAKailua－Kona，HawaiiZoethezebra’smarkingsarespecial.Theanimalhaswhiteandgoldenstripes.Zoe’sappearanceresultedfromarareconditioncalledamelanosis(黑素缺失癥)．Herbodydoesn’tmakeenoughmelanin，thesubstanceinananimal’sskinandhaircellsthatproducescolor.“Only25othergoldenzebrasareknowntoexistintheworld，”saysAnnGoody，whorunsthewildliferefugewhereZoelives.Inthewild，lifemaybedifficultforanimalswithamelanosisbecausepredators(捕獵者)caneasilyspotthem.ButZoeisprotectedatherrefuge.COCKATOOMAKESTOOLSVienna，AustriaWhenFigarothecockatoospotsfoodlyingjustoutofreachfromhiscage，hebuildsatinywoodentooltosweepthetastyprizeinhisway.Thebirdfirstrevealedhistalentwhenastonehewasplayingwithrolledoutofhiscage.Thecockatoocouldn’treachthestone.Soheflewawayandreturnedwithasmallbranch，slippingitthroughthefencetoslidethestonetowardhim.Wonderingifhewoulddoitagain，scientistsplacedanutexactlywherethestonehadbeen.Thistime，F(xiàn)igaropulledoutasmallpieceofwoodinhiscageanddraggedthenuttowardhim.[語篇解讀]本文介紹了三種令人驚訝的動物。1．IfZoethezebraissetfreeinthewild，shewill______.A．meetnonaturalpredatorsB．notgetalongwithotherzebrasC．managetomakeenoughmelaninD．beeasilyfoundforherappearance解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GOLDENZEBRA中Zoe’sappearanceresultedfromarareconditioncalledamelanosis(黑素缺失癥)．Inthewild，lifemaybedifficultforanimalswithamelanosisbecausepredators(捕獵者)caneasilyspotthem.可知Zoethezebra被放在野外捕獵者很容易根據(jù)他們的外表發(fā)現(xiàn)他們。關鍵詞easilyspot和easilyfound.2．What’sspecialaboutFigarothecockatoo?A．He’sparticularabouthisfood.B．He’sextremelyfondofstones.C．He’sgoodatdrawingsupportfromoutsideforces.D．Hecantellthedifferencebetweenstonesandnuts.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)COCKATOOMAKESTOOLS中hebuildsatinywoodentooltosweepthetastyprizeinhisway.他建立了一個微小的木制工具來掃他在路上的美味獎。heflewawayandreturnedwithasmallbranch，slippingitthroughthefencetoslidethestonetowardhim.他飛走了，帶著一個小樹枝回來，把樹枝穿過籬笆向他滑動石頭。Thistime，F(xiàn)igaropulledoutasmallpieceofwoodinhiscageanddraggedthenuttowardhim.這次，F(xiàn)igaro拉出他籠子里的一塊木頭，把堅果拖向他。從這里可以看出：他擅長于外部力量的支持。故選C。3．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Amazinganimals.B．Waystohelpanimals.C．Animals’uniquetalents.D．Tipsontraininganimals.解析：選A主旨大意題。根據(jù)DOGSDRIVECAR/GOLDENZEBRA/COCKATOOMAKESTOOLS中介紹的三種動物的奇特技能，可知它們都是令人驚訝的動物，故選A。B話題難度系數(shù)詞數(shù)建議用時科學技術☆☆☆☆42010′(2017·北京卷)Hollywood’stheorythatmachineswithevil(邪惡的)mindswilldrivearmiesofkillerrobotsisjustsilly.Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence(AI)maybeeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.In1960awell－knownmathematicianNorbertWiener，whofoundedthefieldofcybernetics(控制論)，putitthisway：“Ifweuse，toachieveourpurposes，amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectivelyinterfere(干預)，wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposeputintothemachineisthepurposewhichwereallyAmachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality，onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings：awishtopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine，thisqualityisnotinborn，norisitsomethingintroducedbyhumans；itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesingleinstructionoffetchingcoffee，itwillhaveastrongdesiretosecuresuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchorevenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstask.Ifwearenotcareful，then，wecouldfaceakindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined，superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectivesconflictwithourown，withtherealworldasthechessboard.Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofputerscientists.Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall，usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.Unfortunately，thatplanseemsunlikelytowork：wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinaryhumans，letalonesuperintelligentmachines.SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.Thereareprobablydecadesinwhichtoplanforthearrivalofsuperintelligentmachines.Buttheproblemshouldnotbedismissedoutofhand，asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.Somearguethathumansandmachinescancoexistaslongastheyworkinteams—yetthatisnotpossibleunlessmachinessharethegoalsofhumans.Otherssaywecanjust“switchthemoff”asifsuperintelligentmachinesaretoostupidtothinkofthatpossibility.StillothersthinkthatsuperintelligentAIwillneverhappen.OnSeptember11,1933，famousphysicistErnestRutherfordstated，withconfidence，“Anyonewhoexpectsasourceofpowerinthetransformationoftheseatomsistalkingmoonshine.”However，onSeptember12,1933，physicistLeoSzilardinventedtheneutron－induced(中子誘導)nuclearchainreaction.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了人工智能隨著科技的發(fā)展可能超出人類的控制以及人類應如何應對此類安全問題。4．Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificialintelligencemay________.A．runoutofhumancontrolB．satisfyhuman’srealdesiresC．mandarmiesofkillerrobotsD．workfasterthanamathematician解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的artificialintelligence(AI)maybeeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant“人工智能可能會變得極度善于達成某事而不是我們真正想要的那樣”可知，人工智能可能會超出人類控制，故選A項。5．Machineswithspecificpurposesareassociatedwithlivingthingspartlybecausetheymightbeableto________.A．preventthemselvesfrombeingdestroyedB．a(chǎn)chievetheiroriginalgoalsindependentlyC．doanythingsuccessfullywithgivenordersD．beathumansininternationalchessmatches解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。由題干中的machineswithspecificpurposes可定位到第二段第一句“Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality，onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings：awishtopreserveitsownexistence.”，由此可知，機器人要保證自己的存在，即A項“避免它們自己被消滅掉”。6．Accordingtosomeresearchers，wecanusefirewallsto________.A．helpsuperintelligentmachinesworkbetterB．besecureagainstevilhumanbeingsC．keepmachinesfrombeingharmedD．a(chǎn)voidrobots’affectingtheworld解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall，usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.”可知，一些研究者認為，我們可以用防火墻讓機器人回答難題，但從不允許它們影響真實世界，故選D項“避免機器人影響世界”。7．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthesafetyproblemofsuperintelligentmachines?A．ItwilldisappearwiththedevelopmentofAI.B．Itwillgetworsewithhumaninterference.C．Itwillbesolvedbutwithdifficulty.D．Itwillstayforadecade.解析：選C作者觀點題。由最后一段首句“SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.”可知，作者認為，解決超級智能機器的安全問題是可能的，但并非易事，故選C項。B卷·能力提升練Ⅰ.閱讀填句話題難度系數(shù)詞數(shù)建議用時建議☆☆2007′Ifyouareoneofthefortunatecollegegradswhohaslandedajob，yourattentionwillsoonturntolaunchingyourcareerinasuccessfulwaybyexcellinginyourfirstjob.__1__☆Sendemailsearlyand/orlateinthedaytoshowthatyouarenotonlypresentbutproductive.☆Plantoarriveearlierand/orstaylaterthanyoursupervisortoproveyouarereadytoworkhard.☆__2__Andthenworkfromhomeifpossibleorputinextrahourstocatchupwhenyoureturn.☆Introduceyourselftoasmanyco－workersaspossibleandlearnabouttheroletheyplayandtheworkdonebytheirdepartment.☆__3__Ifyouhavethetimeorintention，duringtheircrunchtimewithprojectsbutonlyafterconsultingwithyoursupervisorandmakingsurethereisn’tanythingelseshewouldpreferthatyouweredoing.☆__4__Theyhavehelpedpaveyourwaytothisfirstjob.Thesepeoplewillfeelmoreinvestedinyouiftheycanfollowalongasyourcareerdevelops.☆__5__youwillsetthestageforanexcitingandsuccessfullong－termcareer.A．Donotmissworktime.B．Offertohelpothersout.C．Keepinwelltouchwithyourboss.D．Youhadbetternothaveadayoffatallthetime.E．You’llonlyhaveonefirstjob，somakethemostofit.F．Keepintouchwithallthosepeople，likeyourremenders.G．Thereforeyoushouldpreparepracticalstrategiesforsuccessinyourfirstjob.[語篇解讀]本文作者介紹了一些使大學生在第一次工作中占得先機的方法。1．解析：選G從下文介紹“工作中要做到……事情就可以在首次工作中超越他人”的內容可知，此處為引出下文內容的句子，選項中關鍵信息practicalstrategies，firstjob提示答案。2．解析：選A由本句關鍵信息workfromhomeifpossible...extrahours可知，此處與工作時間有關，要多做額外工作，不能錯過工作時間。3．解析：選B根據(jù)此處關鍵信息theircrunchtime“處在危急時刻”，結合本段提到的幫助的幾個條件，可知選項中help...out...“幫助……擺脫……”合適。4．解析：選F根據(jù)本段提到的Thesepeoplewillfeelmoreinvestedinyou以及上句“為你鋪平道路”，并結合選項中的關鍵詞remender“推薦人”可知要與這些人保持聯(lián)系。5．解析：選E從最后的句子“確定舞臺”可知要好好把握工作機會，結合選項中makethemostof“充分利用”可知答案。Ⅱ.完形填空話題難度系數(shù)詞數(shù)建議用時幫助他人☆☆☆21015′(2018·開封一高階段性測試)Itwas11：30intheevening.A__1__AmericanladyofaboutseventywasstandingonthesideofanAlabama__2__tryingtobearapouringrainstorm.Hercarhad__3__andatthemomentshe__4__neededaride.Wettotheskin，shedecidedtoflagdownthenext__5__.Ayoungwhitemanstoppedtohelpher—generallyunheard__6__inthoseconflict－filled(矛盾沖突)1960s.Theman__7__hertosafetyinhiscar，and__8__taxicab(akindofcar)forher.Sheseemedtobeinagreat__9__.Shewrotedownhis__10__，thankedhimanddroveaway.Severaldayswentbyanda__11__cameontheman’sdoor.Tohis__12__，averybigcolorTVwasdeliveredtohishome.Aspecialnotewas__13__toit.Itread，“Dearsir，thankyousomuchforassistinga(n)__14__coloredwomanonthefreeway__15__night.Therain__16__wetallovernotonlymyclothes__17__myspirits.Thenyou__18__along.Becauseofyou，Iwas__19__tomakeittomydyinghusband’sbedsidejust__20__hepassedaway.Godblessyouforhelpingmeandkindlyservingothers.Sincerely，MrsNatKing[語篇解讀]主要敘述美國的一個白人青年幫助一個黑人老太太的故事。1．A.black B．whiteC．poor D．sick解析：選A60年代矛盾沖突(指白人對黑人的種族歧視)，下文提到了一個白人青年幫她，因此可判斷老太太是“黑人”。2．A.railway B．freewayC．street D．a(chǎn)venue解析：選B從第15空前的freeway一詞可知答案為B。3．A.brokenup B．speededupC．brokendown D．sloweddown解析：選C從下文shedecidedtoflagdownthenextcar可知，她的車“拋錨”了。4．A.seriously B．badlyC．fairly D．probably解析：選B因為車拋錨了，而她還要趕到病危的丈夫那里去，所以她“非?！毙枰钴?，只有badly符合此意。5．A.bus B．truckC．taxi D．car解析：選Dflagdown“揮手示意停車”，而且又在高速路上，所以只能是car。6．A.from B．byC．before D．of解析：選D一個白人青年停下來幫助她——這在60年代種族矛盾激烈的美國從未聽說過。hearof是“聽說”的意思。7．A.put B．ledC．fetched D．took解析：選D“takesbto＋地點”意為“把某人帶到某地”是固定短語。8．A.hired B．tookC．sent D．a(chǎn)sked解析：選A因為是出租車，所以要“租賃”。9．A.need B．helpC．hurry D．trouble解析：選C從下文看，她是去看她快要死了的丈夫，所以很“匆忙”。10．A.address B．numberC．name D．words解析：選A從下文可知，老太太為了感謝那位白人青年，買了一臺電視機給他送去，所以記下的是“地址”，而不是號碼。11．A.lady B．salesmanC．letter D．knock解析：選D由下文的ontheman’sdoor可判斷出是knock。aknockonthedoor“敲門聲”。12．A.surprise B．delightC．joy D．satisfaction解析：選A因為他沒有買電視機，看到一個售貨員送來一臺電視機，所以感到“驚奇”。13．A.offered B．givenC．stuck D．written解析：選C因為是紙條，所以判斷是“貼”在電視機上。14．A.aged B．darkC．lucky D．unhappy解析：選A根據(jù)第一空已經(jīng)知道是一位黑人婦女，且由下文可知，她70歲了。該句中已出現(xiàn)color一詞，則另一修飾該婦女的詞只能是aged。15．A.another B．theotherC．other D．a(chǎn)ny解析：選B從上下文的時間判斷，是“幾天前的一個夜晚”。16．A.let B．madeC．had D．turned解析：選B后面是形容詞wet，表示大雨使渾身都濕了用動詞make。17．A.and B．butC．or D．otherwise解析：選Bnotonly...but(also)是固定搭配，意為“不但……而且……”。18．A.got B．wentC．ran D．came解析：選D從上文可知，老太太的車子拋錨時，那個白人青年及時地出現(xiàn)在她跟前，并給予了幫助。19．A.able B．readyC．likely D．willing解析：選A從下文可知，此處表示“能”使她及時趕到她快要死了的丈夫跟前。beabletodosth.表示通過努力才能實現(xiàn)的事，其余選項不符合句意。20．A.after B．beforeC．until D．since解析：選B因為老太太得到了青年的幫助，才使她在她丈夫死之前趕到。Ⅲ.語法填空In1.________(I)opinion，languagescannotbetaught，theycanonlybelearned.Havingsomeoneorsomethingtoaidwiththeprocessis2.________greatbenefit.Findaguide，notaninstructor.EnglishwasalreadyaworldlanguagebythetimeIturned10in1991.Ithoughtitwas3.________(difficulty)formetostudyEnglishwell.I4.________(struggle)atfirst.Ididn’tliketheteacher.Grammarexplanationsconfusedme，andthematerialwas5.________(real)dull.IthoughtI’dneverlearnit.ThenmyparentsdecidedtohireaprivateEnglishtutor6.________waswonderfulandthoughtful.Shedidn’tsimplyinstructmeinthelanguage，buthelpedme7.________(discovery)it.Shesetmeontherightpathtolearning，andmostimportantly，learningtolovelanguage.Istartedreadingmany8.________(book)inEnglish.MyauntboughtmeTheHardyBoysformybirthdayandafterthattherewasnolookingback.Thebinationofreadingbooks,9.________(watch)movieseverydayandtalkingtomytutoronceaweekfortwoyearsworkedwonders.Bytheageof15IwasfluentinEnglish10.________inpossessionofathickAmerican[語篇解讀]本文主要講述了作者對學習英語的感受。1．解析：my考查代詞。句意為：我認為語言不能是用來教的，它們只能是用來學的。inone’sopinion意為“某人認為”。根據(jù)上下文語境可知應填my。2．解析：of考查介詞。ofgreatbenefit相當于verybeneficial，在此做表語，故填of。3．解析：difficult考查形容詞。Itis/wasdifficultforsb.todosth.意為“對某人來說做某事是困難的”，故填difficult。4．解析：struggled考查動詞。句意為：最初我努力(學習)。根據(jù)atfirst可知應用過去時，故填struggled。5．解析：really考查副詞。修飾形容詞應用副詞，故填really。6．解析：who/that考查定語從句。定語從句的先行詞是tutor，故填that/who。7．解析：(to)discover考查非謂語動詞。help后常常接動詞不定式或動詞原形做賓語補足語，故填(to)discover。8．books解析：考查名詞。many用來修飾名詞的復數(shù)形式，故填books。9．解析：watching考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)and前后兩部分應該保持一致，故watch的形式應與talking保持一致，故填watching。10．解析：and考查連詞?？崭袂昂髢刹糠种g是并列關系，故填and。Ⅳ.短文改錯文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。I’velearntfromthenoticethatyou’relookingforanEnglisheditorforusschoolpaper.I’mwrittenthislettertoapplyfortheposition.I’mLiHua，SeniorThreestudentinourschool.Inmyview，Imetyourrequirements：foronething，I’mwillingtodevotesomeofmysparetimetoserveothers；for