2025版高考英語一輪復習第2部分人與社會主題群2文學藝術與體育主題語境4體育活動大型體育賽事體育與降體育精神教師用書教案

PAGE主題語境(四)體育活動、(大型)體育賽事、體育與健康、體育精神閱讀理解(2024·全國卷Ⅰ·C)Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了競走這項運動的相關狀況及其與跑步的不同之處。1．Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A．Theymustrunlongdistances.B．Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C．Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D．Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.C[推理推斷題。由題干中的關鍵詞conditionedathletes可將解題信息定位至其次段，依據(jù)該段中的“Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.”可知，競走運動的規(guī)則要求競走者的膝關節(jié)在腿搖擺時的大部分時間里伸直，同時一只腳保持與地面接觸。據(jù)此可知，競走者必需遵循一些特別的運動規(guī)則，故C項正確。]2．Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A．It'smorepopularattheOlympics.B．It'slesschallengingphysically.C．It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D．It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.D[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中的“someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning，suchasrunner'sknee，areuncommonamongracewalkers”可知，一些與跑步有關的損傷，如跑步者的膝蓋(受傷)，在競走者中并不常見。據(jù)此可知，競走不太可能導致膝蓋受傷，故D項正確。]3．WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A．Gettingexperts'opinions.B．Havingamedicalcheckup.C．Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D．Doingregularexercises.A[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中的“anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique”可知，Norberg博士建議任何希望嘗試競走的人或許應當首先詢問下教練或有閱歷的競走者，以學習正確的技巧，故A項正確。]4．Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetoracewalking?A．Skeptical. B．Objective.C．Tolerant. D．Conservative.B[觀點看法題。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，作者提到了競走這項運動的好處，同時也指出了它的一些危害，看法是客觀的，故B項正確。]閱讀七選五(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.1Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.·Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.2·Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.3Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.·4Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.·5Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.A．Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B．Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C．Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D．Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E．Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4－10hoursafterexercise.F．Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G．Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup!【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。從工作效率、新陳代謝、睡眠質量和飲食習慣四個方面介紹了晨練給人們帶來的好處。1．G[空后一句及接下來的段落是在講晨練的好處，所以G項“假如你準備常常熬煉，或者你現(xiàn)在正在熬煉，那就留意聽”符合語境。]2．E[依據(jù)空處前兩句(你的工作效率提高了；熬煉會讓你更醒悟，并準備好應付一天中擺在你面前的一切)可知，此空應選E項“運動后你可以保持頭腦醒悟4－10個小時”。moreawake與E項中的clear照應。]3．F[由此空后的“getting...thewholeday”與F項中的“burncaloriesthroughouttheday”一樣可知，答案為F項“在你運動之后，你一成天都在消耗卡路里”。]4．B[此空是本段的中心句，依據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講了晨練對睡眠的好處，所以選B項“你的睡眠質量提高了”。空后一句中的“sleptbetter”是關鍵信息。]5．A[依據(jù)本段中的“healthyfood”和“junkfood”與選項A中的diet有關可知，此空應選A項“你會堅持你的飲食(習慣)”。]完形填空(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)WhenIwas13myonlypurposewastobecomethestaronourfootballteam.Thatmeant1MillerKing,whowasthebest2atourschool.FootballseasonstartedinSeptemberandallsummerlongIworkedout.Icarriedmyfootballeverywherefor3.JustbeforeSeptember,Millerwasstruckbyacarandlosthisrightarm.Iwenttoseehimafterhecamebackfrom4.Helookedvery5，buthedidn'tcry.Thatseason,I6allofMiller'srecordswhilehe7thehomegamesfromthebench.Wewent10-1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer,8IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwastoblameforMiller's9.Oneafternoon,IwascrossingthefieldtogohomeandsawMiller10goingoverafence—whichwasn't11toclimbifyouhadbotharms.I'msureIwasthelastpersonintheworldhewantedtoaccept12from.Buteventhatchallengeheaccepted.I13himmoveslowlyoverthefence.Whenwewerefinally14ontheotherside,hesaidtome,“Youknow,Ididn'ttellyouthisduringtheseason,butyoudid15.Thankyouforfillinginfor16.”Hiswordsfreedmefrommybad17.Ithoughttomyself,howevenwithoutanarmhewasmoreofaleader.Damagedbutnotdefeated,hewas18aheadofme.Iwasrighttohave19him.Fromthatdayon,Igrew20andalittlemorereal.【語篇解讀】在學?！拔摇毕矏厶咦闱颍⑶液艹绨軲illerKing，但是他因為車禍失去了右臂而不能參與競賽了?！拔摇贝媪怂⑶胰〉昧蓑溔说某晒?。“我”心里感覺對不起他，但是他的話讓“我”深受感動。1．A.cheeringfor B．beatingoutC．relyingon D．stayingwithB[聯(lián)系空前的“tobecomethestaronourfootballteam”和空后的“whowasthebest...”可知，“我”要成為足球隊的明星，就意味著要擊敗(beatout)最好的球員MillerKing。]2．A.coach B．studentC．teacher D．playerD[聯(lián)系前文“我要在足球上戰(zhàn)勝MillerKing”可知，他是學校最好的球員(player)。]3．A.practice B．showC．comfort D．pleasureA[聯(lián)系前文“allsummerlongIworkedout”可知，整個夏天自己都帶著足球，在外練習(practice)。]4．A.school B．vacationC．hospital D．trainingC[聯(lián)系前文“Millerwasstruckbyacarandlosthisrightarm.”可知，他出車禍，住院了，然后從醫(yī)院(hospital)回來。]5．A.pale B．calmC．relaxed D．a(chǎn)shamedA[聯(lián)系前文“他剛從醫(yī)院回來”可知他臉色蒼白(pale)。]6．A.held B．brokeC．set D．triedB[聯(lián)系下文“Wewent10-1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer...”可知，“我”打破(break)了Miller全部的紀錄。]7．A.reported B．judgedC．organized D．watchedD[聯(lián)系空后的“thehomegamesfromthebench”可知，他坐在凳子上看(watch)競賽。]8．A.and B．thenC．but D．thusC[前后兩部分在語意上是轉折關系，因此用but。]9．A.decision B．mistakeC．a(chǎn)ccident D．sacrificeC[聯(lián)系空前的“Miller's”以及前文講解并描述的Miller因為車禍致殘不能參與競賽的狀況可知，作者總是責怪自己，因為Miller遭受車禍(accident)了自己才有機會。]10．A.stuck B．hurtC．tired D．lostA[聯(lián)系后文“whichwasn't________(hard)toclimbifyouhadbotharms”可知，因為現(xiàn)在失去了右臂，他過籬笆時被卡住(stuck)了。]11．A.steady B．hardC．fun D．fitB[聯(lián)系空后的“ifyouhadbotharms”可知，現(xiàn)在他被卡住了，假如有兩只胳膊，過籬笆對于他來說，不是難(hard)事。]12．A.praise B．a(chǎn)dviceC．a(chǎn)ssistance D．a(chǎn)pologyC[聯(lián)系下文“I________(helped)himmoveslowlyoverthefence.”可知，“我”幫助了他，但是“我”認為他是不想接受“我”的幫助(assistance)。]13．A.let B．helpedC．had D．noticedB[聯(lián)系前文可知，他卡在那里，再聯(lián)系空后“himmoveslowlyoverthefence”可知，“我”幫助(help)他從籬笆上下來。]14．A.dropped B．readyC．trapped D．safeD[由前文的“moveslowlyoverthefence”和空后的“ontheotherside”可知，最終我們平安(safe)了。]15．A.fine B．wrongC．quickly D．normallyA[聯(lián)系前文“Wewent10-1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer”可知，他說“我”做得很好(fine)。]16．A.us B．yourselfC．me D．themC[聯(lián)系空前的“fillingin”可知，因為Miller受傷，作者代替了他，此處是Miller說的話，所以用me。]17．A.memories B．ideasC．a(chǎn)ttitudes D．dreamsD[聯(lián)系前文“IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwastoblame”可知，他的話讓“我”從這些不好的夢(dream)中擺脫出來。]18．A.still B．a(chǎn)lsoC．yet D．justA[聯(lián)系空前的“Damagedbutnotdefeated”可知，Miller盡管受傷，但是沒有被戰(zhàn)勝，他仍(still)在“我”的前面。]19．A.challenged B．curedC．invited D．a(chǎn)dmiredD[聯(lián)系前文“MillerKing,whowasthebest________(player)atourschool”可知，“我”崇拜(admire)他。]20．A.healthier B．biggerC．cleverer D．coolerB[聯(lián)系空后的“andalittlemorereal”可知，自己慢慢長大(bigger)。]Ⅰ.寫出所給單詞的漢語意思1．conditionedadj.符合條件的2．straightadj.直的3．physicallyadv.身體地4．a(chǎn)pproximatelyadv.大約；也許5．considerableadv.相當大地6．swingv.搖擺7．skepticaladj.懷疑的8．objectiveadj.客觀的9．conservativeadj.保守的10．productivityn.生產(chǎn)力11．energizev.使充溢活力12．crazyadj.瘋狂的13．fencen.籬笆；柵欄14．trainingn.培訓；訓練15．sacrificev.犧牲Ⅱ.依據(jù)所給漢語寫出英文單詞1．eventn.賽事；競賽2．weightn.重量3．consultv.請教4．dietn.飲食5．a(chǎn)cceptv.接受6．damagev.損害7．defeatv.擊敗8．judgev.推斷9．praisev.贊揚10．memoryn.記憶；記憶力Ⅲ.依據(jù)所給提示寫出派生單詞1．calculatev.計算；推算→calculationn.計算；推算2．commonadj.常見的→uncommonadj.稀有的；非凡的3．cautionv.警告n.告誡；謹慎→cautiousadj.當心的；謹慎的4．effectn.效果；作用→effectiveadj.有效的5．toleratev.容忍→tolerantadj.寬容的；容忍的6．peacen.和平→peacefuladj.和平的7．healthn.健康→healthyadj.健康的8．regularadj.常常的；有規(guī)律的→regularlyadv.有規(guī)律地9．shamen.慚愧；慚愧→ashamedadj.感到慚愧的Ⅳ.依據(jù)所給漢語寫出慣用習語1．a(chǎn)s_a_result結果2．work_out熬煉；健身3．prefer_healthy_food_to_fast_food喜愛健康食品而不喜愛快餐4．beat_out擊敗5．be_to_blame_for因某事應受指責/應負責任[即時演練]單句語法填空1．Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesapersonhealthy(health),wealthyandwise.2．Asforme,Iprefertravelingbytraintotravelingbyplane.3．Judging(judge)fromhisexpression,hehaspassedtheexamination.4．Jennynearlymissedtheflightasaresultofdoingtoomuchshopping.5．Hisbookwas_praised(praise)totheskiesbyallhisfriends,butIdidnotlikeitatall.6．Heisaverycautious(caution)man;healwaysthinksverycarefullybeforehemakesadecision.7．Itisyouaswellasyourwifethataretoblameforyourson'sbadperformanceatschool.8．Thedamaged(damage)shipmanagedwithdifficultytogetbacktoport.9．Wearewillingtoworkwithyoutobringaboutahopefulopeningtowardsapeaceful(peace)settlement.Ⅰ.熟詞生義(寫出句中黑體詞的漢語意思)1．However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.沉重地走2．Yourmetabolismgetsaheadstart.領先；占優(yōu)Ⅱ.似易實難(將句中黑體詞部分譯成漢語)1．Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.[譯文]晨練除了對身體健康有益之外，還能給我們供應額外的好處。2．Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.[譯文]熬煉會讓你更加神清氣爽，更好地應對一天當中發(fā)生的任何事情。Ⅲ.困難晦澀(分析句子結構并譯成漢語)1．It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.[分析]本句是一個主從復合句。however前面的部分是says的賓語從句，運用了強調(diào)句型，強調(diào)的thisstrangeform是賓語從句的主語，anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass是JaclynNorberg的同位語。[譯文]不過，馬薩諸塞州塞勒姆州立高校運動科學助理教授賈克琳·諾伯格說，正是這種奇妙的形式使得競走運動成為一項如此有魅力的運動。2．Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.[分析]本句是一個主從復合句。句子的主句是racewalkerswouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour；movingatapaceofsixmilesperhour是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語修飾racewalkers；whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking是非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞800calories；althoughfewerthanrunning是although讓步狀語從句的省略，其后是which引導的非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞running。[譯文]依據(jù)大多數(shù)的計算結果，以時速6英里競走的運動員，每小時會消耗大約800卡路里，這一數(shù)據(jù)雖然比跑步消耗的卡路里少，但卻大約是步行時所消耗的卡路里的兩倍，跑步每小時大約消耗1_000卡路里或更多。3．Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.[分析]本句是一個并列復合句。while連接兩個并列分句，while后面的分句中whodonotleavetheground為非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞racewalkers。[譯文]依據(jù)她的探討，奔跑者每一步都是用他們體重4倍的重量沖擊地面，而競走運動員，由于并沒有離開地面，每走一步產(chǎn)生的重量大約只有他們體重的1.4倍。4．Wewent10-1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer,butIoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwastoblameforMiller'saccident.[分析]本句是一個并列復合句。and和but連接三個并列分句，but后面的分句中inwhichIwastoblameforMiller'saccident是定語從句修飾先行詞crazydreams。[譯文]我們以10比1獲勝，我當選最有價值球員，但是我常常做噩夢，在夢里，米勒出車禍都怪我。1．demandn.&v.要求；須要；需求(1)in(great)demand有(很大)需求；廣受歡迎meet/satisfyone'sdemand(s)滿意某人的需求(2)demandsth.of/fromsb.要求某人某事demandtodosth.要求做某事demandthatsb.(should)dosth.要求某人做某事(3)demandingadj.苛求的；費勁的demandtoknowthetruth要求了解真相tryourbesttosatisfythecustomers'demand(s)我們盡力滿意顧客的需求[名師點津]demand之后干脆跟不定式，不能說demandsb.todosth.。類似用法的動詞還有：hope,refuse,agree等。[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Theteachercametotheclassroomanddemandedto_be_told(tell)whatwasgoingonjustnow.②Thisisademanding(demand)jobandasmallmistakecanmakeagreatdifference.③Thestudentsdemandedthatthelibrary(should)_be(be)openatweekends.[實力提升]——詞匯升級一般表達：MoYan'snovelsareneededgreatlyinthiscitysincehewontheNobelPrizeforliterature.高級表達：MoYan'snovelsarein_great_demandinthiscitysincehewontheNobelPrizeforliterature.(demandn.)2．a(chǎn)ttituden．看法；看法；姿態(tài)attitudeto/towards...對……的看法/看法have/holdapositive/negativeattitudeto/towards...對……持確定/否定的看法ina(n)...attitude以……的姿態(tài)haveapositiveattitudetowardslife對生活持確定看法takeanoptimisticattitude實行一種樂觀的看法inaneasyattitude舒適地[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Thedirector'sattitudetowards/tothisprogramwilldecidewhatweshoulddonext.②Hesatinanattitudewhichtoanyonewouldhavebeenoneofextremediscomfort.③Whatisyourattitudetowards/toseniorhighstudentstakingupapart-timejob?[實力提升]——完成句子我個人認為，他對他人和生活持這樣的看法是完全錯誤的。Personally,itiscompletelywrongofhimtobewith_such_an_attitude_towards/to_others_and_life.3．fitadj.健康的；強健的；適合的；能勝任的v．適合；使(衣服)合身；使適應；使勝任n．適合；合身(1)keep/stayfit保持健康befitfor適合；勝任befit(forsb.)todo適合(某人)做……(2)fitin(with)(與……)相適應；(與……)相協(xié)調(diào)/符合fiton試穿(3)fitnessn.健康(狀況)；適合；勝任developthesenseofkeepingfit增加健身意識fitinwithourplans適合我們的安排havedifficultyfittinginverysoon很難在短期內(nèi)適應[名師點津]suit多指合乎須要、口味、性格、條件、地位、場合、顏色、款式等；match多指色調(diào)、形態(tài)、性質等方面的搭配；fit多指大小、形態(tài)的合適。[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①It'sjustaninformalparty,soit'snotfitforyouto_dress(dress)likethat.②Itisgenerallyagreedthatcyclingcontributesgreatlytopeople'sphysicalfitness(fit)．③Amyjoinedapaintinggroupbutdidn'tseemtofitin,soshehadtoleave.[實力提升]——完成句子我妹妹特別喜愛孩子，因此她特別適合幼兒園老師的工作。Mysisterloveschildrenverymuch,sosheis_quite_fit_for_the_jobasakindergartenteacher.4．stickv．粘?。豢ㄗ.手杖；棍棒(1)stickto堅持；信守stickat堅持不懈stickaround逗留stickout伸出；突出(2)be/getstuckin被困在……bestuckwith被……纏住無法擺脫sticktoyourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity堅持你上重點高校的幻想beginstickingaroundtochat起先留下來閑聊bestuckinthetrafficjam陷入交通堵塞[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Ihatedpractisingplayingthepiano,butIstucktoitandnowIcanplayprettywell.②IcouldseeoneendoftheletterstickingoutofJohn'spocket.③Willyouhelpmewiththismathematicalproblem?Iamstuckwithit.[實力提升]——一句多譯消防隊員設法救出來一個被困在大火中的女孩。①Thefirefightersmanagedtosaveagirlwho/that_was_stuck_in_the_big_fire.(定語從句)②Thefirefightersmanagedtosaveagirlstuck_in_the_big_fire.(分詞短語作定語)[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“被困在……”的短語還有：be/getcaughtin;be/gettrappedin;be/getlockedin;be/getblockedin等。5．strikevt.(雷電、暴風雨等)攻擊；突然想到；擊中；撞擊；敲鐘；擦燃(火柴)；打動n.(雷電、暴風雨等)攻擊；罷工[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中strike的含義①Igotstruckbythesceneryaroundthelakeanddecidedtostayforanotherday.打動②ThefirsttimeIstruckamatchIwasfulloffearofgettingburnt.擦燃(火柴)③IheardtheclockstrikingeightwhenIwokeupthismorning.敲鐘④Itgavemeashockthatanapplefelloffthetreeandstruckmeonthehead.擊中⑤Theworkerswillgoonstrikeifthedemandstheyputforwardareturneddown.罷工(1)sth.strikessb.某人突然想到……Itstrikessb.that...某人突然想到……bestruckby被……打動；癡迷……strikesb.on/on＋the＋身體部位擊打某人某部位(2)goon/beonstrike實行/在罷工(3)strikingadj.引人注目的，吸引人的bestruckbythebeautyofthecountry被鄉(xiāng)村美景打動goonstrikeinprotestingagainsttheincident實行罷工來抗議這起事務beinhospitalafterbeingstruckbyacar被車撞傷后住進了醫(yī)院[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Struck/Stricken(strike)bythemudslide,thetownwascutofffromtheoutside.②Itstruckmethatplayingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatlearningmomentforallthegirlsontheteam.③Itsuddenlystruck(strike)methatIhadn'tlockedmydoor.[實力提升]——句式升級一般表達：Iwasstruckbyhisinspiringwords,andIdecidedtocooperatewithhim.高級表達：Struck_by_his_inspiring_words,Idecidedtocooperatewithhim.(分詞短語作狀語)6．calmadj.安靜的；冷靜的v.使安靜；鎮(zhèn)靜下來n.安靜，安靜(1)calmoneself(使)自己安靜下來calm(sb.)down(使某人)安靜下來，冷靜下來(2)keep/stay/remaincalm保持冷靜(3)calmlyadv.安靜地；冷靜地keepcalminanemergency在緊急狀況下保持冷靜inthecalmsurfaceofthelake在安靜的湖面上acceptherdecisionwithhisusualcalm以他慣有的鎮(zhèn)靜接受了她的確定[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Thepolicefoundthatitwasdifficulttocalmdowntheangrycrowd.②Shewasbreathingdeeplyandtriedtocalmherself(she)．③Itriedto_keep(keep)calmlywhenfacingsuchavariedsituation.[實力提升]——一句多譯在這種狀態(tài)下，嬰兒很難安靜下來。①Inthisstate,itisdifficultforthebabytokeep/stay/remain_clam.(calmadj.)②Inthisstate,thebabyisdifficulttocalm_down.(calmv．)7．trapv.儲存；留存；設陷阱捕獲；使陷入逆境n.陷阱；圈套；陰謀；埋伏(1)be/gettrappedin被困在……trapo(doing)sth.誘騙某人(做)某事(2)fallinto/becaughtinatrap掉進陷阱；落入圈套set/layatrapfor為……設圈套betrappedintheburninghouse被困在著火的房子里betrappedintoacceptingthetermsofthecontract被誘騙接受這份合同的條款walkintothetraplaidforhim走進為他設的陷阱[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Trapped(trap)inthethicksnow,thetruckcouldn'tmoveabit.②Theshopkeepertrappedmeintobuying(buy)theirpoorqualitymilk.③Thereliefteamtriedtheirbesttorescuethoseminerstrapped(trap)underthemine.[實力提升]——一句多譯因為被困在了電梯里，他上學遲到了。①Because_he_was_trapped_in_the_lift,hewaslateforschool.(狀語從句)②Trapped_in_the_lift,hewaslateforschool.(分詞短語作狀語)Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking...依據(jù)大多數(shù)計算，以每小時六英里的速度移動的競走者每小時會消耗大約800卡路里，這大約是他們走路燃燒的兩倍……[句型公式]twiceasmanyas是倍數(shù)表達法，意為“是……的兩倍”。常見的倍數(shù)句型：(1)...倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.的原級＋as...(2)...倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.的比較級＋than...(3)...倍數(shù)＋the＋性質名詞(size/length/width/height/depth...)＋of...[名師點津]表示“兩倍”時用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基數(shù)詞＋times”表達。句子中表示倍數(shù)也可以用分數(shù)、百分數(shù)、half等其他程度狀語。[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Theresearchshowsthatindoorairpollutionistentimesgreater(great)thanoutdoorpollution.②Thishillisfourtimestheheightofthatsmallone.③It'ssaidthatthepowerplantisnowtwicelarger(large)thanwhatitwasbefore.[實力提升]——一句多譯我的農(nóng)場已經(jīng)擴展成了一個大農(nóng)場，是原來的3倍大。①Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthree_times_as_big_asthepreviousone.(同級比較)②Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthree_times_bigger_thanthepreviousone.(比較級)③Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthree_times_the_size_ofthepreviousone.(the＋名詞＋of)夯基固本·學問落實Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空1．Myfathercamedownstairsanddemandedto_know(know)whatwasgoingon.2．ThefirsttimeImetthesmartgirl,Iwas_stricken/struck(strike)byherwisdom.3．Itwasgettingdark;Ifoundacar_stuck(stick)inapoolbythesideoftheroad.4．Wetriedtodiscussthemattercalmly(calm)andreasonably.5．Thefirefightersweretryingtorescuethosetrapped(trap)intheburninghotel.Ⅱ.在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~1．Sincewaitersarestillindemand,Iwanttoapplyfortheposition.2．Theoldrailwaybetweenthetwocitiesisthreetimesthelengthofthenewhigh-speedrailway.3．It'sthefirsttimehehastakenupmarketing;I'mnotsurewhetherhewillfitin.4．Hewroteaseriesofarticles,hopingtochangepeople'sattitudetowards/tothedisabled.5．It'sbecomingatrendformodernpeopletoworkoutinthegym.強技提能·學問應用Ⅰ.完形填空(2024·開封市一模)OnaMondaymorning，backin2015，Irememberedparkingmycaroutsidemydoctor'sclinicinBroadwater，WesternAustralia.Ifelt1andIcarefullypracticedwhatIwantedtotellmydoctor.Heartbreak，sorrowandthelossofacompletefamilyleftmenotcopingwell.Iwas2.Ihadtriedtopickmyselfup，triedtothrowmyselfintomyworkasaneducatorinbefore-andafter-schoolcare，andalsotriedtofocusonmyart.3theseefforts，mydepressionhadn'tgoneaway.Itkeptgrowinglikeacancerinmyinnerworld.Iwantedanormal4.Iwantedtobeashealthyasmyson，Kai，whowasdependingonme.Itookafewdeepbreathsandwentintotheclinicformy5.AfterIreturnedtomycar，Ishutthedoorandstarted6uncontrollably.MydoctorsaidIhadseveredepression.Ineededtotakeantidepressants(抗抑郁藥)．Ihadtomakesomebig7togetbetter.Stillsobbing，Iwas8tohearaknockonmycardoor.Aslimladywithshortfairhair9openeditandbegantospeakcalmlyandkindlytome.“Idon'tknowwhatyou'reexperiencingrightnow.Butknowthis，Iwishyouwell.Ibelieveyouwillbe10andwhatyouaregoingthroughwillpass，”shesaid.“CanIgiveyouahug？”ThereIwas，aweepingmess,11acceptingthiskindstranger'scomfortinghug.AllImanagedtoreplyinachoked(哽咽的)voicewas“Thankyou”．Thiswasthemostsignificantactof12thatI'veeverexperiencedfromastranger.Itgavemehope.My13startedrightthere.Aboutayearlater，Ibumpedintothesamekind14attheopeningofanartexhibition.She15meandsmiled.ShesaidshecouldtellIwasdoingwell.Wehuggedagain，andoncemoreIcouldexpressmyappreciationforheract.【語篇解讀】作者遭受家庭變故后變得異樣郁悶，去診所看醫(yī)生時，被醫(yī)生診斷為嚴峻抑郁。作者從診所出來后坐在車里哭泣，一位生疏的女士勸慰了作者并給了作者一個擁抱，作者從那時起先好轉。一年后，作者再次偶遇那位女士，那位女士也認出了作者并對作者微笑。作者再次和那位女士擁抱并表達了自己的感謝之情。1．A.confident B．proudC．nervous D．patientC[依據(jù)空后的“IcarefullypracticedwhatIwantedtotellmydoctor”可推知，作者在面對醫(yī)生之前很驚慌。]2．A.ashamed B．a(chǎn)stonishedC．depressed D．confusedC[依據(jù)上文中的“Heartbreak，sorrowandthelossofacompletefamilyleftmenotcopingwell”可知，作者在這種狀況下應是很懊喪，與下文“mydepressionhadn'tgoneaway”呼應。]3．A.Without B．DespiteC．Beyond D．ThroughB[依據(jù)空后的“mydepressionhadn'tgoneaway”可知，盡管做出了這些努力，但作者的抑郁并沒有消逝。]4．A.excuse B．lifeC．job D．rewardB[依據(jù)空后的“Iwantedtobeashealthyasmyson...”和語境可知，作者想要一種正常的生活。]5．A.school B．neighborhoodC．house D．a(chǎn)ppointmentD[依據(jù)上文的“Irememberedparkingmycaroutsidemydoctor'sclinic”和語境可知，作者上文是在交代自己去看醫(yī)生之前的心理狀態(tài)和故事背景，此處表示作者深呼吸，然后進入診所赴約。]6．A.coughing B．weepingC．laughing D．shakingB[依據(jù)下文的“Stillsobbing”可知，作者看完醫(yī)生后回到車里起先失控哭泣。]7．A.preparations B．commentsC．changes D．contributionsC[依據(jù)本句中的“togetbetter”和語境可知，作者必需做出一些大的變更才能夠有所改善。]8．A.surprised B．delightedC．disappointed D．excitedA[依據(jù)語境可知，一位生疏的女士來敲作者的車門，這讓作者感到很意外。]9．A.quickly B．madlyC．gently D．casuallyC[結合本句中的“speakcalmlyandkindlytome”可知，那位女士應是輕輕地打開作者的車門。]10．A.leftbehind B．lookedafterC．calledon D．turnedoffB[依據(jù)上文的“Iwishyouwell”和上文作者去看醫(yī)生可知，那位女士告知作者，“我信任你將得到照看，你正在經(jīng)驗的終將過去”。]11．A.calmly B．eagerlyC．unwillingly D．gratefullyD[依據(jù)下文的“Thankyou”可推知，作者心懷感謝地接受了這個生疏人賜予的令人勸慰的擁抱。]12．A.courage B．kindnessC．wisdom D．devotionB[依據(jù)上文一位生疏的女士勸慰作者并給了作者一個擁抱可知，此處表示這是作者經(jīng)驗的來自一個生疏人的最重要的善舉。]13．A.treatment B．experimentC．recovery D．a(chǎn)dventureC[依據(jù)上文的“Itgavemehope”和下文中的“ShesaidshecouldtellIwasdoingwell”可知，此處表示作者從那時起先復原。]14．A.lady B．doctorC．educator D．girlA[依據(jù)上文的“Aslimlady”和本句中的“thesame”可推知，作者一年后又偶遇了那位女士。]15．A.recognized B．forgaveC．understood D．comfortedA[依據(jù)本句中的“andsmiled”和“ShesaidshecouldtellIwasdoingwell”可推知，那位女士也認出了作者。]Ⅱ.語法填空(2024·濟南市模擬)TheChinesewomen'svolleyballteamonceachievedgreathonorlastcentury,1.________inspiredsomanypeoplethroughoutthewholecountry.Butduringthelastdecade,astheoldvolleyballplayersretired2.________thenewoneswerenotstrongenough,theteammetwithvarious3.________(difficulty).After4.________(win)animportantmatch,theChinesewomen'svolleyballteamannounced5.________(they)return.TheChinesewomen'svolleyballteamhadaveryimportantmatch6.________theBrazilteamintheRioOlympicGames.Thehopetowinwasverylittle,becausetheBrazilteamwasthechampionoflasttwoOlympicGamesandtheChineseteamonlywononematchforthelast18records.What'smore,almostalltheaudience7.________(support)theBrazilteam.Itseemedthattowinthematchwas8.________(possible)fortheChineseteam,butundertheguidanceofcoachLang,thegirlswereverystronganddetermined9.________(fight)forthelastminute.Evenwhentheylostthefirstgame,theynevergaveup.Especiallyforthelasttwopoints,theyweresobraveand10.________(final)wonthematch.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述的是中國女排戰(zhàn)勝巴西隊，獲得奧運冠軍的故事。1．which[考查定語從句。此處which是關系代詞，引導非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的整個句子。]2．a(chǎn)nd[考查并列連詞。此處前后文是并列關系，意思是：由于老的排球運動員退役了，并且新的排球運動員不夠強。]3．difficulties[考查名詞復數(shù)。此處difficulties是名詞復數(shù)形式，表示泛指，作介詞with的賓語。]4．winning[考查非謂語動詞。此處winning是動詞-ing形式，用作介詞after的賓語。]5．their[考查代詞。此處their是形容詞性物主代詞，用作定語，修飾名詞return。]6．a(chǎn)gainst[考查介詞。此處against是介詞，意思是“(體育競賽)對陣”。]7．supported[考查動詞時態(tài)。此處supported是過去式，表示過去發(fā)生的動作。]8．impossible[考查邏輯關系。此處impossible是形容詞“不行能的”。中國隊好像不行能贏得這場競賽。]9．tofight[考查非謂語動詞。此處tofight是動詞不定式；bedeterminedtodosth.的意思是“決心做某事”。]10．finally[考查詞性轉換。此處finally是副詞，用作狀語，修飾動詞won。]話題寫作Step1.寫作要點(依據(jù)漢語提示補全所給的英文句子)①現(xiàn)在喜愛運動員的粉絲人數(shù)在增加。Nowadaysthenumberoffanswho_like_athletes_is_on_the_increase.②其中最受歡迎的是一名在競賽中表現(xiàn)精彩的游泳運動員。One_of_the_favourite_athletesisaswimmerwhoperformed_well_in_the_competition.③即使她必需與很多有競爭力的選手競爭，但她始終主動樂觀。Evenifshehadtocompete_against_many_competitive_swimmers,sheremainedpositive.④競賽很激烈，很多對手比她有優(yōu)勢，但她努力進入了決賽。Althoughthe_competition_was_toughandmany_competitors_had_an_advantage_over_her,shemanagedto_enter_the_final.⑤當她被宣布是冠軍時，她驚訝地站了起來。Whenshewas_declared_to_be_the_champion,sherose_to_her_feet,surprised.⑥她樂觀的看法保證了她在競賽中的勝利。Herpositiveattitudeguaranteed_her_success_in_the_competition.Step2.表達升級(變更所給句子的結構以使表達升級)①用狀語從句的省略改寫句⑤When_declared_to_be_the_champion,_she_rose_to_her_fe