2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit5TheValueofMoney單元加餐練習(xí)題含解析新人教版必修第三冊(cè)

Unit5TheValueofMoney單元加餐練Ⅰ.閱讀理解Aresomepeoplebornclever,andothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandourexperience?Strangelyenough,theanswertothesequestionsisyes.Tosomeextentourintelligenceisgiventousatbirth,andnoamountofeducationcanmakeagenius(天才)outofachildbornwithlowintelligence.Ontheotherhand,achildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurrounding(環(huán)境).Thusthelimitsofperson'sintelligencearefixedatbirth,whetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thisview,nowheldbymostexperts,canbesupposedinanumberofways.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith.Thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelytobeintelligent.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulation,itislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.If,ontheotherhand,wetaketwoidenticaltwins,theywillverylikelytobeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,usuallyhavesimilarintelligence,andthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidentical(完全相同的)twinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendone,forexample,toauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkingisboring.Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedeveloping,andthisshowsthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother,butwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligence.這是一篇說(shuō)明文。有些人天生聰慧，有些人天生愚鈍？還是人的智力是隨著閱歷和環(huán)境得到了發(fā)展？這些問(wèn)題的答案是確定的。因此，在某種程度上人的智力是天生的，但是隨著環(huán)境的改變，閱歷的增長(zhǎng)，人的智力也隨之增長(zhǎng)。1．Whichofthesesentencesbestdescribesthewriter'spointinParagraph1?A．Tosomeextent,intelligenceisgivenatbirth.B．Intelligenceisdevelopedbytheenvironment.C．Somepeopleareborncleverandothersbornstupid.D．Intelligenceisfixedatbirth,butisdevelopedbytheenvironment.答案：D解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Thusthelimitsofperson'sintelligencearefixedatbirth,whetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.”可知，人的智力的極限在誕生時(shí)就已經(jīng)確定了，他是否能達(dá)到這些極限將取決于他所處的環(huán)境。所以D選項(xiàng)“智力在誕生時(shí)是固定的，但隨著環(huán)境的改變而發(fā)展”最能描述作者在第一段中的觀點(diǎn)。故D選項(xiàng)正確。2．Itissuggestedinthispassagethat________.A．unrelatedpeoplearenotlikelytohavedifferentintelligenceB．closerelationsusuallyhavesimilarintelligenceC．thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweenpeople,themoredifferenttheyarelikelytobeinintelligenceD．peoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachotherarenotlikelytohavesimilardegreesofintelligence答案：B解析：推理推斷題。由其次段中“Thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelytobeintelligent.”和最終一段“Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother,butwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligence.”可知，血緣關(guān)系越近，智力水平越相像。這一結(jié)論也被一個(gè)事實(shí)所證明，生活中彼此親密接觸的，但卻完全沒(méi)有血緣關(guān)系的人，他們的智力水平可能是相像的。所以這篇文章表明親密關(guān)系的人通常有相像的智力。故B選項(xiàng)正確。3．Brothersandsistersarelikelyto________.A．havesimilarintelligence B．havedifferentintelligenceC．gotothesameuniversity D．gotothesamefactory答案：A解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)其次段“Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,usuallyhavesimilarintelligence，”可知，像兄弟姐妹、父母和孩子這樣的關(guān)系，通常都有相像的智力。所以兄弟姐妹可能有相像的智力。故A選項(xiàng)正確。4．Thebesttitleforthisarticlewouldbe________.A．IntelligenceB．WhatIntelligenceMeansC．WeAreBornwithIntelligenceD．EnvironmentPlaysaPartinDevelopingIntelligence答案：D解析：標(biāo)題推斷題。通讀全文可知，有些人天生聰慧，有些人天生愚鈍？還是人的智力是隨著閱歷和環(huán)境得到了發(fā)展？這些問(wèn)題的答案是確定的。因此，在某種程度上人的智力是天生的，但是隨著環(huán)境的改變，閱歷的增長(zhǎng)，人的智力也隨之增長(zhǎng)。所以短文最佳的標(biāo)題為“環(huán)境在智力發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著作用”。故D選項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.七選五HowtoWelcomeChangesinYourLifeDoyouembrace(欣然接受)theroadyouarenowonorresistandavoidachangeatallcostswhenarecenteventhasshakenyougreatly?Herearethingsyoucandointhemidstofuncertaintytochoosedifferentlytochangethetrackofyourlife.Don'treact.Whatdowedowhenwedon'tknowwhattodo?First,stop,takeadeepbreathanddon'tdoanything.__1__Itishavingfaithandtrustingwhatyoudoknowintheunknown.Reflectonthepast.Anotheractivityistorecalltimesinyourlifewhenyouwerefacedwithanunknown.Then,thinkabouthowyouhandledthesituation.__2__Useyourpastexperiencestobringyoustrength,andtoremainyouwhatyouarecapableof.Makeconsciousdecisions.__3__However,morepossibilitiesopenupwhenweareatpeace.Gooveryourlistofwhatifsandmakeamorebalancedlistofthebestandworstsituationspossible.Thentalktolovedonesaboutwhatyouwoulddoineachsituationandthechoicesyoudohave.__4__Weoftenseefearsasourgreatestenemy,yettheyprovideuswithanenormousopportunityforself-growth.Whatifweweretoseethemasfriendswhowanttohelpusbecomeabetterperson?Letyourfearshelpyouinsteadofhurtingyou.Then,writedownwhatcomestoyou.__5__A．Don'tpanic.B．Befriendyourfears.C．Youmaybesurprisedbytheanswers.D．Whenwearefearful,ouroptionsseemlimited.E．Thentrytofeelateasewiththestateof“notknowing”．F．Learningfrompastfailureshelpsyoumakebetterdecisions.G．Rememberingtheseincidentswillremindyouthatyou'vegonethroughdifficultsituations.本文敘述的是如何迎接生活中的改變。1．E解析：依據(jù)上文：首先，停下來(lái)，深呼吸，不要做任何事情。可知接下來(lái)應(yīng)當(dāng)是：然后試著以“不知道”的狀態(tài)放松自己。First是關(guān)鍵詞，與E項(xiàng)中Then呼應(yīng)。答案為E。2．G解析：依據(jù)上句：然后，考慮你怎樣處理這個(gè)境況。再依據(jù)空格下句：利用過(guò)去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)帶給你力氣，讓你知道你能做什么。此空的意思是：記得這些事情將會(huì)提示你記起你所經(jīng)驗(yàn)的逆境。故選G。3．D解析：依據(jù)下句：然而，當(dāng)我們處于平和狀態(tài)時(shí)，可能會(huì)有更多的可能性?？芍暇涞囊馑际牵寒?dāng)我們膽怯 時(shí)，我們的選擇好像是有限的。However在這里是關(guān)鍵詞，前后是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選D。4．B解析：此空是一個(gè)小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)當(dāng)是一個(gè)短小精悍的祈使句，在A、B中選擇。再依據(jù)下句：我們常常把恐驚看作是我們最大的敵人，然而，它們?yōu)槲覀児?yīng)了一個(gè)自我成長(zhǎng)的巨大機(jī)會(huì)。fears是關(guān)鍵詞，可知答案為B項(xiàng)，Befriendyourfears.把恐驚當(dāng)作摯友相待。5．C解析：空格前兩句是前面問(wèn)句的回答：讓恐驚幫助你而不是損害你。然后，寫(xiě)下你的感受?？芍耗憧赡軙?huì)對(duì)答案感到驚異。故選C。Ⅲ.完形填空Mylifewouldn'tbesowonderfulwithoutmyparents.EverytimeIlookatthemoreventhinkofthem,Iamvery__1__.OurnativecountrywasVietnam,but,to__2__thewar,wehadtoleaveourhomeforAmerica.Iwastwoyearsoldandtheyoungestofsevenchildren.Thisjourneywasnot__3__formyparents,butthroughouttheythoughtoftheirchildrenfirst.Iwaseventoldthattheyonceateonlyapplepeelsto__4__thefruitpartforme.OurjourneytoAmericawasnotthelastofour__5__.WewerealsofacedwithstartingalifeinAmericawithnothing.Myparents'strong__6__togivetheirchildrenagoodlifewaswhathastakenuswherewearetoday.Ofcourse,ourbeginningyearswerehard.__7__almosteverythingwehadwasboughtatsecond-handshops,wewere__8__becauseourlifewasreallypeaceful.Myparentsworkedveryhardtobuildabetterlife.Iwillalways__9__howearlytheygotupinthemorning.Afterafewyearsmydadgotadegreeinbusinessandthenhegota(n)__10__.Slowly,ourlivingstatusbeganto__11__.Myparentsboughtacarand__12__theysavedupenoughmoneytobuyahouse.Todaywemovedoutoftheapartment,startingournew__13__.Wereallylivevery__14__andmyparents'greatestachievementisthattheyhave__15__thatnothingisimpossible.本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了作者的父母帶著孩子在美國(guó)努力生活的故事。1．A.honorable B．a(chǎn)dmirableC．grateful D．powerful答案：C解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.honorable光榮的；B.admirable令人敬佩的；C.grateful感謝的；D.powerful強(qiáng)大的。依據(jù)本空前的Mylifewouldn'tbesowonderful可知，作者對(duì)父母特別感謝。故選C。2．A.prevent B．escapeC．end D．stop答案：B解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.prevent阻擋；B.escape逃離；C.end結(jié)束；D.stop停止。依據(jù)本空后的wehadtoleaveourhome可知，為了躲避斗爭(zhēng)，作者一家人不得不離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)。故選B。3．A.easy B．possibleC．long D．dangerous答案：A解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.easy簡(jiǎn)單的；B.possible可能的；C.long長(zhǎng)的；D.dangerous危急的。上文說(shuō)作者的父母帶著七個(gè)孩子去美國(guó)，這段行程確定特別不簡(jiǎn)單。故選A。4．A.demand B．spareC．store D．find答案：B解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.demand要求；B.spare讓給；C.store儲(chǔ)存；D.find發(fā)覺(jué)。依據(jù)本空前的theyonceateonlyapplepeels可知，父母只是吃蘋(píng)果皮，而把果肉讓給作者。故選B。5．A.struggles B．worryC．burdens D．pain答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A．struggles奮斗；B.worry擔(dān)憂(yōu)；C.burdens負(fù)擔(dān)；D.pain難受。依據(jù)本空后的WewerealsofacedwithstartingalifeinAmericawithnothing.可知，去美國(guó)的旅程并不是最終的奮斗。故選A。6．A.decision B．a(chǎn)bilityC．determination D．patience答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.decision確定；B.ability實(shí)力；C.determination決心；D.patience耐性。依據(jù)本空后的togivetheirchildrenagoodlifewaswhathastakenuswherewearetoday可知，父母讓孩子們過(guò)上更好的生活的決心成就了今日的我們。故選C。7．A.Because B．SinceC．Unless D．While答案：D解析：考查連詞詞義辨析。A.Because因?yàn)?；B.Since自從；C.Unless除非；D.While盡管。依據(jù)本空后的almosteverythingwehadwasboughtatsecond-handshops可知，此處是說(shuō)盡管我們幾乎全部的東西都是二手貨。故選D。8．A.cautious B．happyC．nervous D．crazy答案：B解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；B.happy快樂(lè)的；C.nervous驚慌的；D.crazy瘋狂的。依據(jù)本空后的becauseourlifewasreallypeaceful可知，我們感到很快樂(lè)因?yàn)槲覀兊纳钫娴暮馨察o。故選B。9．A.cherish B．rememberC．enjoy D．understand答案：B解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.cherish珍愛(ài)；B.remember記得；C.enjoy喜愛(ài)；D.understand理解。依據(jù)本空后的howearlytheygotupinthemorning可知，作者恒久都會(huì)記得父母每天起得有多早。故選B。10．A.promotion B．substituteC．status D．partner答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.promotion升職；B.substitute代替者；C.status地位；D.partner伙伴。依據(jù)本空前的Afterafewyearsmydadgotadegreeinbusiness可知，然后父親得到了升職。故選A。11．A.follow B．a(chǎn)ppearC．continue D．rise答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.follow跟隨；B.appear出現(xiàn)；C.continue接著；D.rise上升。上文說(shuō)父親升職了，由此可知作者家的生活條件有所提高。故選D。12．A.immediately B．obviouslyC．gradually D．suddenly答案：C解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。A.immediately馬上；B.obviously明顯；C.gradually慢慢地；D.suddenly突然。依據(jù)本空后的theysavedupenoughmoneytobuyahouse可知，慢慢地父母攢夠了錢(qián)買(mǎi)房子。故選C。13．A.education B．familyC．life D．career答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.education教化；B.family家庭；C.life生命，生活；D.career職業(yè)。上文說(shuō)買(mǎi)了自己的房子，離開(kāi)了那座公寓，可知，我們過(guò)上了新的生活。故選C。14．A.confidently B．dependentlyC．independently D．comfortably答案：D解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。A．confidently自信地；B.dependently依靠地；C.independently獨(dú)立地；Dfortably舒適地。上文說(shuō)作者一家人剛到美國(guó)的時(shí)候生活很艱苦，現(xiàn)在那段日子已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)去，由此可知現(xiàn)在生活很舒適。故選D。15．A.proven B．describedC．declared D．realized答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.proven證明；B.described描述；C.declared宣告；D.realized意識(shí)到。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，再依據(jù)本空后的thatnothingisimpossible可知，作者的父母用行動(dòng)證明白沒(méi)有什么是不行能的。故選A。Ⅳ.概要寫(xiě)作閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。TheWorldRiceConferencehasvotedCambodianricethebestriceintheworld.Cambodiaproducedjustonepercentoftheworld'srice.Itistryingtoincreasethatamount,andtheawardmayhelp.Thecountry'sriceindustryissmallandnotwell-organized.Asaresult,largeamountsofunprocessedricearesenttoThailandandVietnamwhereitissoldforahigherprice.ButricemeansalottoCambodia'seconomy.ManyCambodianssurviveinpartbygrowingriceonsmallpiecesofland.SokPuthyvuthisthepresidentofCambodiaRiceFederation.“Weneedbetterseeds,weneedabettercollectionprocess,weneedbetterstorage,weneedbetterlogistics(物流),andalsoourexportneedstobrandCambodianricetobeoneofthetopbrandsintheworld.”KeatChhonisCambodia'sformerdeputyprimeminister.Hesaysincreasingriceexportwillimprovethelivesofmanyofthecountry'sfarmers.Hesaysthepurposeofthericepolicyistoreducepovertyandhelppeopleinruralareasearnmore.Thisishighlybeneficialtomakingthedevelopmentgapbetweenruralandurb