2023年中考英語新時政熱點閱讀 18 環(huán)境保護(hù)（含解析）

2023年中考英語新熱點時文閱讀?環(huán)境保護(hù)

題型主要內(nèi)容

1短文填空介紹了中國舉辦“綠色奧運(yùn)”，2022年冬奧會將是歷史上第一屆完全使用可再生

清潔能源為所有場館供電的奧運(yùn)會。

2閱讀理解介紹了戴森公司的產(chǎn)品、聯(lián)合國的決議和中國林業(yè)局的報告，來說明人們抵抗

污染，阻止全球變暖，提高森立覆蓋率方面采取的措施和取得的成就。

3閱讀理解垃圾污染環(huán)境，危害人們的健康，導(dǎo)致動物死亡，同時也阻礙了可持續(xù)發(fā)展，

并列舉了處理垃圾問題的三種方法：減少他國的垃圾輸入及制定廢物處理的法

律法規(guī)；廢物合理利用：垃圾分類。

4閱讀理講述了TobyMcCartney為了應(yīng)對塑料污染的嚴(yán)重問題，而將塑料用于公路建造

的故事。

5閱讀還原7選5介紹了費(fèi)爾菲爾德學(xué)校的學(xué)生和老師通過自己種植蔬菜，回收廢物垃圾，植樹，

步行和騎自行車上下學(xué)等這些事情來改善、保護(hù)環(huán)境。

01

（2022?全國?九年級課時練習(xí)）管

則IM2O2Z-

Asthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicsisaroundthecomer,Chinahasrepeateditsdetermination（決

心）tohosta“GreenOlympics“andispreparingto]thatpromise.

Beijingwill2venues（場地）fromthe2008Olympicsforthe2022WinterGames.Among

these,（heNationalAquaticCenteror"WaterCube“一knownasthe“IceCube”fbrtheupcomingWinter

Games—willhostcurling（冰花）events,andtheNationalIndoorStadiumwillhosticehockeyOpening

andclosingceremonieswill3againtakeplaceattheBeijingNationalStadium,orBird'sNest.

The2022WinterOlympicswillbethefirstGainesinhistorytototallypowerallvenues4clean

energyfromrenewablesources.SolarandwindpowerwillbeproducedintheZhangbciareaofHebei

Province.

ForthefirsttimeinthehistoryoftheOlympicGames,Beijingwillusecarbondioxide（二氧化碳）

tomakeice.Itisanenvironmentallyfriendly5inice-making.Atthesametimeitwillproducealot

ofhealwhichcanbeusedtowarmupwater.Sportspersonscanuse（he6water（olakeashower.The

newice—makingtechnologywillalso7electricity.

Allvenuescanbereachedbygreenpublictransportation.Spectators（觀眾）atthe2022Winter

Olympicswillheencouragedto8bypublictransportacrossthethreecompetitionareas-downtown

Beijing,itssuburbanYanqingDistrictandco-hostZhangjiakouinHebeiProvince.Thethreeareasare

connected9anelectric-poweredhigh-speedrailway.

TheBeijingWinterOlympicsVillageisagreenvillage.The10aremainlymadeofsteel（鋼），

whichmakesiteasytorebuild（hemaftertheGames.After（heGames,thevillagewillbeturnedintopublic

rentalhousing.

02

（2022?湖北?武漢七一華源中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測）

High-techpollutionprotection

TechnologycompanyDysonhascreatedheadphoneswithavisor（面

罩）tohelppeopleavoidpollutedairCalledtheDysonZone,itconnects

noise-cancelingheadphoneswithavisorthatsitsjustinfrontofthenose

andmouth,providinguserswithcleanedair.Theproductisdesignedto

fightagainstairandsoundpollution.

OnMarch15,theUNGeneralAssembly（聯(lián)合國大會）passeda

resolutionsupportingbicyclesasatoolfbrdealingwithclimatechange.

Itcallsonmembercountriestoaddbicyclestopublictransportationand

encouragesthemtofocusonbicycle-sharingservices.TheUNsaid

transportationisthethird-largestsourceofcarbondioxide（CO2）,a

greenhousegasthatcausesglobalwarming.Choosingabikeoveracar

justonceadaycanreduceaperson'stransportationcarbonemissions

by67percent,accordingtoaUniversityofOxfordstudy.

Plantingforestsforthefuture

China'sNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministrationofforestinChinaplanted3.6

millionhectares（公博）

2021broughtoutareportonMarch11,showingChina,sland-greeningo<forestin2021

progressin2021.Accordingtothereport,3millionhectaresofChinese

grasslandwereimprovedthroughgrassplanting,and23,900hectaresof

farmlandwerechangedintograssland.Asmuchas1.44millionhectares

oflandweresavedfrombecomingdesert.

11.Allthenewsabovehassomethingtodowith.

A.inventionB.lawsC.environmentD.achievements

12.TheideaoftheDysonZoneisto.

A.introduceanewproductB.showhowcreativeDysonis

C.provideuserswithmoreairD.protectpeoplefrompollution

13.Thebestheadingforthesecondnewswouldbe.

A.Two-wheeledSolutionB.AnEnvironmentally-friendlyBicycle

C.SeriousClimateChangeD.CarsvsBicycles

14.WhydidtheUNsuggestridingbikesmoreoften?

A.Becauseitisalolbelterforhealth.

B.Becauseitwillproducefarlessgreenhousegas.

C.Becauseridingbikesismuchcheaperthandrivingcars.

D.Becauseitcandrawmoreattentiontobicycle-sharingservices.

15.It'sclearthat.

A.ChinaplantedalotoftreesonMarch11.2022

B.Chinadoesn,thavetoworryaboutgrassandanymore

C.Chinataughtmanypeoplehowtoplanttrees

D.Chinaachievedgreatlyin（hefieldofland-greening

03

（2022?新疆阿克蘇?三模）InChina,eachyearweproduceabout150milliontonsofcitywaste

accordingtoareport.Wheredoesthewastego?Peopleusuallyburnorbury（埋）it.Wcalsoreceivewaste

fromsomedevelopedcountries.Wegetusefulmaterialsfromit.Whatabouttheuselesspart?Stillburnedor

buried.Butisitaproperway?

Wastepollutestheenvironment,harmspeople'shealthandcausesanimalstodie.Italsogetsintheway

ofgreenandsustainabledevelopment.Wecan'tmakemoneyatthecostoftheenvironment.Weshouldleave

cleanwaterandgreenmountainstoournextgenerations（一，代，一輩）.

Chinaisgettingreallysericusaboutwastenow.

Wearetakinglesswastefromdevelopedcountries.FromJanuary2018,Chinastartedtostop24kinds

ofwastecomingintoourcountry.Andmorelawsandrulesaboutdealingwithwastehavebeenniad3.Anyone

whobreaksthelawwillbepunished.

Chinaalsotriestoputwasteintogooduse.Oneexampleisthewasteelectricityfactories.Theyburn

wastetomakeelectricityinagreenway.Noharmfulgasesorwaterwillgetintotheenvironment.

TheChinesegovernmentisencouragingpeopletodowastesorting（分類）.CitieslikeShanghai,

ChongqingandBeijinghavethe:rownsortingsystems.Morewilljointhemsoon.Moreandmorepeopleare

formingthehabitofseparatingtheirwaste.

16.Thewriterstartsthepassageby.

A.tellingstoriesB.comparingnumbersC.raisingquestionsD.givingsuggestions

17.Theunderlinedword“sustwinable"inParagraph2means""inChinese.

A,可享受的B.可持續(xù)的C.可借鑒的D.可復(fù)活的

18.Fromthepassage,weknow（ha（.

A.wastedoesharmonlytotheenvironment

B.thosewhobreak（helawmaynotbepunished

C.Chinastopsgettingwastefromdevelopedcountries

D.wastesortingstartstobecomepopularinChina

19.Fromthelastthreeparagraphs,wecanlearnthat.

A.Chinahasstopped24kindsofwastecoiningintoourcountryforthreeyears

B.allthepeopleareformingthehabitofseparatingtheirwasteinChina

C.noharmfulgasesorwalercangetintotheenvironment

D.Chinaispayingmoreandmoreattentiontothewastenow

20.Thestructureofthepassagemaybe.

（「Paragraph1;2=Paragraph2;3=Paragraph3;4-Paragraph4;5=Paragraph5;6=Paragraph6）

A.Ho瑟w'B.弋Ho紫w,HJLZZIC.C*?**-HZzo]^D.—?Ip

:工?Lr-s-1^LQ=^卜?！盠r^g1y5Lr-g-1

04

（2022,廣東茂名?模擬預(yù)測）Weallknowplasticpollutionhasbecomeaseriousproblem.Onemillion

plasticdrinkingbottlesarethrownawayeveryminute.Whatifwecoulduseplasticwaste（obuildroads?

ThisisexactlywhatTobyMcCartneyhasdone.

In2019,McCartney'sUK-basedcompany,MacRebur,builtaplasticroadinElgin（own,Scotland.The

plasticwastewasmadeintograins（顆粒）andthenmixedwithbitumen（瀝青）.Theroadlooksjustlikeany

otherroad.Butithasimprovedstrengthandismoresiretchy（有彈性的）Ihankstotheplastic.

“Ourtechnologycannotonlyhelpsolvetheproblemofplasticwastebutalsoproduceroadsthatdeal

betterwithchangesintheweather,McCartneysaid.

McCartney'sideacamefromatriptoIndia."IsawpeopleinIndiawouldputplasticwasteinto

potholes（路面的坑洼）andburnit.Theplasticwouldmeltdown（熔化）andfilltheholes,MsaidMcCartney.

“Iknewthattheremustbesomecorrespondencesbetweenplasticandbilumen,whichbothcomefrom

oil.That,showIstartedtothinkaboutmixingthem,"hesaid.

Afterlotsoftesting,McCartneyfoundtheperfectmethod.Andnowhiscompanyhasbuiltmanyplastic

roadsaroundtheworld.Aone-kilometerstretchofroadusesabout684,000plasticbottlesor1.8million

plasticbags.Theroaditselfcanberecycledandthematerialscanbereusedtobuildnewroads.

"We'rejustasmallpartofendingtheplasticproblems,butit'snicetobepartofit,“McCartneysaid."I

justdon'twantmydaughterstoliveinaworldwheretherearemoreplasticsintheoceanthanfish.”

21.Comparedwithnormalroads,theplasticroad.

a.isnoteasytobreakb.isfitforhotweatherc.ismorestretchyd.costsmoremoney

A.abB.acC.beD.bd

22.gaveMcCartneytheideaofbuildingtheplasticroad.

A.Toomanychangesintheweather

B.Hiswishtoreduceplasticpollution

C.Hisknowledgeofplasticandbitumen

D.Indianpeople'swayofdealingwithpotholes

23.Theunderlinedword"correspondences“inthispassagemeans.

A.competitionsB.connectionsC.differencesD.reasons

24.WhatdoesMcCartneymeaninthelastparagraph?

A.Heisreadytoofferhelpinreducingplasticpollution.

B.Childrenshouldalsojointoreduceplasticpollution.

C.Plasticproblemswillsoonbesolvedwithhishelp.

D.Plasticpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.

25.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Todescribehowmuchakid'sfuturematters.

B.lbencourageeverycompanytobuildaplasticroad.

C.lbhelppeopleunderstandhowharmfulplasticwasteis.

D.Totellpeopleplasticwastecanbereusedtobuildaroad.

05

（2022?江蘇宿遷?三模）FairfieldSchooliscalled“thegreenestschoolinBritain''becausethepupils

andtheteachersattheschoolthinkit'sveryimportanttolookaftertheenvironment.26

Growingvegetables

ThepupilsinFairfieldSchoolstarted（heirownvegetablegarden.Bothchildrenandteachersplantand

watertheseeds,thentheypickthevegetables.Thevegetablesareusedinschoolmeals.27"School

lunchesarctastierthaneverbeforesaysonepupil.

Recycling

TheFairfieldpupilsdon'tjustbringtheirbookstoschool——theybringtheirrubbishtoo!Thereare

recyclingbinsintheplaygroundforplasticbags,plasticbottles,paperandsoon.28

Plantingtrees

Noweverychildhasplantedtheirowntree.29They'vemadetheviewfromtheclassroom

morebeautiful!

Findingcleanerwaystogetaround

30"Whentheroadsarcbusy,it'sfastertoridebikesthantogobycaranyway/'saysonepupil.

Eventheteachersdon'tusetheircars.uWcdon'tencourageourpupilstolookaftertheenvironmentifwc

don'tdoitoursclves!^^saysoneteacher.

A.Theteachersgiveaprizeeverymonthtothepupilwhohastriedthehardesttorecycle.

B.Thefollowingiswhattheyaredoing.

C.InFairfieldSchool,theteacherscareabouttheirpupilsverymuch.

D.EveryonewalksorridesabiketoFairfieldSchool.

E.ManyparentslaketheirchildrentoFairfieldSchoolintheircars.

F.Theylookaftertheirowntreesduringtheweek.

G.Nowtheycanallenjoyhealthyfoodatlunchtime.

參考答案：

1.keep2.reuse3.once4.with5.way6.hot7.save8.travel9.by10.buildings

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了中國舉辦“綠色奧運(yùn)”，2022年冬奧會將是歷史上第倔完全使用可再生清

潔能源為所有場館供電的奧運(yùn)會。

1.句意：在2022年北京冬奧會即將到來之際，中國再次表明了舉辦“綠色奧運(yùn)”的決心，并將信守

這一承諾。根據(jù)“thatpromise.”可知是信守承諾，keep“保持”符合語境，空前有不定式符號to,動詞

用原形，故填keep。

2.句意：北京將為2022年冬奧會重復(fù)使用2008年奧運(yùn)會的場館。根據(jù)“BeijingwilL.venues（場地）

fromthe2008Olympicsfbrthe2022WinterGames.”可知2022年冬奧會重復(fù)使用2008年奧運(yùn)會的場

館，reuse“重生使用”，是動詞，空前有will,動詞用原形，故填reuse。

3.句意：開幕式和閉幕式將再次在北京國家體育場舉行，也就是鳥巢。根據(jù)"Openingandclosing

ceremonieswill...againtakeplaceattheBeijingNationalStadium,orBird'sNest.”可知是指再一次，又一

次，onceagain“再—?次”，故填once。

4.句意：2022年冬奧會將是歷史上第一屆完全使用可再生清潔能源為所有場館供電的奧運(yùn)會。根據(jù)

“tototallypowerallvenues...cleanenergyfromrenewablesources.”可知是指用可再生清潔能源，with“用”,

是介詞，符合語境，故填with。

5.句意：這是一種環(huán)保的制汰方式。根據(jù)“willusecarbondioxide（二氧化碳）tomakeice”可知用二

氧化碳制冰是一種環(huán)保的制冰方式，way“方式”，被an修飾，應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故填way。

6.句意：運(yùn)動員可以用熱水洗澡。根據(jù)“whichcanbeusedtowarmupwater”以及“canusethe...water

totakeashower”可知利用二黛化碳來制冰會產(chǎn)生大量的熱量，加熱水后，運(yùn)動員可以用熱水洗澡，

hot“熱的”，形容詞，故填hot,

7.句意：新的制冰技術(shù)也將節(jié)省電力。根據(jù)“Thenewice-makingtechnologywillalso…electricity."可

知是指省電，save“節(jié)約”,動詞，空前有will,動詞用原形,故填save。

8.句意：2022年冬奧會的觀眾將被鼓勵乘坐公共交通穿越三個比賽區(qū)域——北京市中心、郊區(qū)延慶

區(qū)和協(xié)辦城市,河北張家口。根據(jù)“bypublictransportacrossthethreecompetitionareas―downtown

Beijing,itssuburbanYanqingDistrictandco-hostZhangjiakouinHebeiProvince”可知是指乘坐公共交通

穿越三個比賽區(qū)域，travel“行進(jìn)”，動詞，空前有不定式符號，動詞用原形，故填travel。

9.句意：這三個地區(qū)由一條電力驅(qū)動的高速鐵路連接。根據(jù)"Thethreeareasarcconnected...anelectric-

poweredhigh-speedrailway.”可知三個地區(qū)被一條電力驅(qū)動的高速鐵路連接，by“被"，是介詞，故填

by。

10.句意：這些建筑主要是用鋼建造的，這使得奧運(yùn)會后重建它們很容易。根據(jù)“TheBeijingWinter

OlympicsVillageisagreenvillage.The...aremainlymadeofsteel（鋼）”可知是指北京冬奧村里的建筑

是用鋼制造的，building“建筑物”，可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故填buildings。

11.C12.D13.A14.B15.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了戴森公司的產(chǎn)品、聯(lián)合國的決議和中國林業(yè)局的報

告，來說明人們抵抗污染，阻止全球變暖，提高森立覆蓋率方面采取的措施和取得的成就。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一則新聞“Theproductisdesignedtofightagainstairandsoundpollution.”，

第二則新聞“OnMarch15,theUNGeneralAssembly（聯(lián)合國大會）passedaresolutionsupportingbicycles

asatoolfbrdealingwithclimatechange.,第三則新聞“Accordingto...weresavedfrombecomingdesert.^^

可知，這三則新聞分別報道了抵抗空氣噪音污染、抵抗全球變暖和防止沙漠化問題，都與環(huán)境有關(guān)。

故選C。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“CalledtheDysonZone,itconnects...fightagainstairandsoundpollution.”可知，

這種產(chǎn)品幫助人們對抗空氣和噪音污染。故選D。

13.最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀這一則報道“OnMarch15,theUNGeneralAssembly（聯(lián)合國大會）...accordingto

aUniversityofOxfordstudy.”可知，本文主要介紹的是提倡用自行車作為應(yīng)對氣候變化的工具。故選

Ao

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheUNsaidtransportationisthethird-largestsourceofcarbondioxide（CO2）,a

greenhousegasthatcausesglobalwarming.”可知，交通是二弱化碳的第三大排放源，COi會導(dǎo)致全球

變暖。又根據(jù)"Choosingabikeoveracarjustonceadaycanreduceaperson'stransportationcarbon

emissionsby67percent,accordingtoaUniversityofOxfordstudy.”可知,自行車會減少二氧化碳的排

放。故選B。

15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Accordingtothereport,3millionhectaresofChinesegrasslandwereimproved

throughgrassplanting,and23,900hectaresoffarmlandwerechangedintograssland.Asmuchas1.44

milHonhectaresoflandweresavedfrombecomingdesert.”可知，中國的綠化，防止沙漠化取得了很大

發(fā)展。故選D。

16.C17.B18.D19.D20.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講的是垃圾污染環(huán)境，危害人們的健康，導(dǎo)致動物死亡，同時也阻礙了可持續(xù)發(fā)

展，并列舉了處理垃圾問題的二種方法：減少他國的垃圾輸入及制定廢物處理的法律法規(guī)；廢物合

理利用：垃圾分類。

16.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段出現(xiàn)的三個問句“Wheredoesthewastego?...Whatabouttheuseless

part?...Butisitaproperway?”可知，木文是通過提出問題開始的，故選C。

17.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)"Weshouldleavecleanwaterandgreenmountainstoournextgenerations.''（我們

應(yīng)該把青山綠水留給我們的下一代）可推斷，suitable在這里的意思是“可持續(xù)的”，也就是我們經(jīng)常

說的“可持續(xù)發(fā)展”，故選B。

18.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Moreandmorepeopleareformingthehabitofseparatingtheirwaste”（越來越多

的人養(yǎng)成了廢物分類的習(xí)慣。）可知，垃圾分類在中國已經(jīng)開始流行，故選D。

19.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“FromJanuary2018,Chinastartedtostop24kindsofwastecomingintoourcountry.

Andmorelawsandrulesaboutdealingwithwastehavebeenmade”可知，中國現(xiàn)在對垃圾越來越重視，

也制定了更多關(guān)于處理廢物的法律和規(guī)則，故選D。

20.文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章最后一段才提到垃圾分類，所以C、D結(jié)構(gòu)是錯誤的；文章第四段的“減少他

國的垃圾輸入及制定垃圾處理的法律法規(guī)”，第五段的“廢物合理利用”以及第六段的“垃圾分類”，都

屬于第三段的“處理廢物問題的方法“，所以排除B,故選A,

21.B22.D23.B24.A25.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了TobyMcCartney為了應(yīng)對塑料污染的嚴(yán)重問題，而將塑料

用于公路建造的故事。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Theroadlooksjustlikeanyotherroad.Butithasimprovedstrengthandismore

stretchy（有彈性的）thankstotheplaslic.”可推斷出與普通道路相比，塑料道路的優(yōu)點是強(qiáng)度得到提升

不容易折斷，更具有彈性。故選B。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“McCartney'sideacamefromatriptoIndia.”可知建造塑料公路的想法

來源于McCartney的印度之旅，在印度旅行時看到印度人用廢棄塑料來填公路的坑洼地而產(chǎn)生了利

用塑料建造公路，實現(xiàn)塑料的回收再利用。故選D。

23.詞義猜測題?根據(jù)“Iknewthattheremustbesomecorrespondencesbetweenpla