2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit4SpaceExplorationSectionⅣ寫作指導(dǎo)作業(yè)含解析新人教版必修第三冊(cè)

PAGEUnit4SpaceExplorationUnit4SectionⅣ請(qǐng)同學(xué)們仔細(xì)完成[練案16]Ⅰ．閱讀理解Satellitesareanimportantpartofourordinarylives.Forexample,theinformationforweatherforecastsissentbysatellite.SomesatelliteshavecameraswhichtakephotographsoftheEarthtoshowhowcloudsaremoving.Satellitesarealsousedtoconnectourinternationalphonecalls.ComputerconnectionsoftheWorldWideWebandInternetalsousesatellites.ManyofourTVprogrammescometousthroughsatellites.Airplanepilotsalsosometimesuseasatellitetohelpthemfindtheirexactlocation.Weusesatellitestosendtelevisionpicturesfromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Theyareusually35,880kilometresabovetheequator(赤道)．Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.Thisisbecauseitismovingaroundtheworldat11,000kilometresanhour—exactlythesamespeedthattheearthrotates(轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng))．AsatellitemustorbittheEarthwithitsantennae(天線)facingtheearth.Sometimes,itmovesawayfromitsorbit,sotherearelittlerocketsonitwhichareusedtoputthesatellitebackintherightposition.Thisusuallyhappensabouteveryfiveorsixdays.Spaceisnotempty!Everyweek,moreandmoresatellitesaresentintospacetoorbittheEarth.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10—12years.SatelliteswhicharebrokenaresometimesrepairedbyastronautsorsometimesbroughtbacktotheEarthtoberepaired.Often,veryoldorbrokensatellitesareleftinspacetoorbittheEarthforaverylongtime.Thisisveryseriousbecausesomesatellitesusenuclearpowerandtheycancrashintoeachother.文章大意：本文是一篇科普說明文。對(duì)各種衛(wèi)星的用途、衛(wèi)星工作的狀態(tài)以及人們對(duì)已損壞衛(wèi)星的處理方法進(jìn)行了說明說明。1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTdonebysatellitesaccordingtothepassage？__D__A．Sendinginformationforweatherforecasts.B．TakingphotographsoftheEarth.C．SendingTVpictures.D．Providingfoodforairplanepilots.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段和第三段首句不難看出，衛(wèi)星可以傳遞天氣預(yù)報(bào)信息、拍攝地球照片、傳遞電視圖片等，但是沒說為飛行員供應(yīng)食物，所以選擇D項(xiàng)。2．WhydoesthesatellitemovearoundtheworldatthesamespeedastheEarthrotates？__B__A．Inordertotakephotographs.B．Inordertostayinacertainpositionintheorbit.C．Inordertomoveawayfromitsorbit.D．Inordertosendtelevisionpictures.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可以看出，衛(wèi)星之所以用和地球自轉(zhuǎn)相同的速度繞地球旋轉(zhuǎn)，是為了保持在肯定位置上。明顯B項(xiàng)正確。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inthe3rdparagraphreferto？__C__A．Asatellite.B．Alittlerocket.C．Asatelliteseemstostayinthesameplaceinthesky.D．Thesatelliteputstherocketsintherightposition.解析：代詞指代題。this在此替代前文的“Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.”故選C項(xiàng)。4．Whichistrueofsatellites？__A__A．Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10—12years.B．Everytimeasatellitegetsbroken,itisbroughtbacktotheEarthtoberepaired.C．Abrokensatelliteisneverleftinspace.D．Brokensatellitesoftencrashintoeachother.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段不難看出A項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ．七選五依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantit...toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.__1.B__Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●__2.F__Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown；youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.__3.D__Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有憐憫心)response?“Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.”●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.__4.C__●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.__5.A__Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?A．Feelingupsetagain?B．Wheredoyoustart?C．Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D．Remember,youareonlyhuman.E．Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F．Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G．Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?文章大意：這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個(gè)自我接納的小技巧。解析：1．依據(jù)題目“AFewTipsforSelf-acceptance(自我接納的幾點(diǎn)建議)”及下文的“Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.(這有許多可以幫你找到正確方向的方法)”可知，選項(xiàng)B．Wheredoyoustart?(從哪里起先呢？)最合下文語(yǔ)境，故選B項(xiàng)。2．依據(jù)下文“Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown；youaretheonlyoneinthisworld.(你是否希望最終你會(huì)因?yàn)樽约旱纳畋人麄兊暮枚械接辛?？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在這個(gè)世界上是獨(dú)一無二的)”可知，本段主要講解并描述不要把自己和別人作比較，因?yàn)樯钍俏覀冏约旱?，我們也是世界上?dú)一無二的。故F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.(停止把自己和別人進(jìn)行比較)可以作為本段中心句，故選F項(xiàng)。3．依據(jù)本文的中心句“Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.(寬恕自己所犯的錯(cuò)誤)”及下文的“Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.(你會(huì)一次又一次地犯錯(cuò)誤。)”可知，本句是在說明要講自己看作一個(gè)一般人，一般人是會(huì)犯錯(cuò)的。選項(xiàng)D．Remember,youareonlyhuman.(記住，你只是個(gè)人)與上下文連接最好，故選D項(xiàng)。4．依據(jù)上文“Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.(列出你全部的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了學(xué)位，今日你擺脫了逆境。)”可知，這些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得慶祝，即沒有什么事是太小而不值得慶祝的。故選C項(xiàng)。5．結(jié)合上文“Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.(用語(yǔ)言來說明為什么你覺得自己不值得，為什么你覺得自己不夠好?，F(xiàn)在，自己讀一下這些話)”和下文的“Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?(翻到你日記本上登記你的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和成就的那頁(yè)?？吹侥阌卸喟袅藛幔?”可推知本句是在說明“再次感到不安”的狀況。選項(xiàng)A．Feelingupsetagain？(再次感覺不安了嗎？)最合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅱ．完形填空MybikewasstolenlastSaturday.Leftwithalockanda__1.D__heart,Idecidedtoleavethethiefanote.Armedwithyellowpaint,I__2.C__abigcardboardsignandhungitonmygate.Itsaid：“Tothepersonwhostolemybicycle：IhopeyouneeditmorethanIdo.Ineedittogettowork.Ican’t__3.D__anotherone.PS:Bringitback.”Ifeltalittle__4.C__writingthesign.ButIknewotherpeople’sbicycleshadbeenstolenintheneighborhood,andtheleastIcoulddowas__5.A__whathadhappened.Ileftitupforsevendays.OnWednesdayevening,ayoungmanknockedatmydoor,carryinga__6.A__.“Didyougetyourbikestolen？”askedtheguy.“Ihadthisbike__7.C__around,soIfiguredyoumightbeabletouseit.”Iwassurprisedbythe__8.D__andtriedtoexplainmyintentions,sayingIreallyappreciatedit,__9.A__wasn’tsureifI’dbeabletouseit.Whatwasclear,however,wasthatitwasn’taboutthebicycle,itwasaboutthedesireto__10.C__.FinallyIaccepted,verytouchedbythekindness.Asnowstormcamethenextday,andmyhusbandsuggestedItakedownthesign.I__11.A__—mybikewasstolenontheweekend,sothesignwouldstayupuntilthenextweekend.OnSaturdaymorning,Igotanother__12.A__onthedoor.Itwasamiddle-agedwoman.Shesaidshedrovetwicearoundtheblocksoshecould__13.B__readmysign.“Whatkindofbicycledoyouneed？”sheasked.“IfIfindone,I’llbringittoyou.”Thenshegavemeabighug.Ifeltstrengthened.Thissignwas__14.C__things.Somuchkindnesswaspouringoutfromsuchasimplegestureof__15.D__myselfuptotheuniverse.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。自行車被偷后，“我”在大門口掛了個(gè)警告牌，希望小偷能看到，將自行車還回來。沒想到，“我”卻收到了生疏人的善意和幫助。1．A．warm B．softC．big D．heavy解析：由本段第一句“MybikewasstolenlastSaturday.”以及“Leftwithalock”可知，“我”很“難受(aheavyheart)”。2．A．read B．followedC．made D．saw解析：由本句中的“Armedwithyellowpaint”以及下文中的“writingthesign”可知，“我”“制作了(made)”一個(gè)牌子。3．A．lose B．lendC．choose D．a(chǎn)fford解析：由“Ineedittogettowork.”以及“Bringitback.”可知，“我”“買不起(can’tafford)”另一輛自行車。4．A．wrong B．happyC．foolish D．dangerous解析：由“ButIknewotherpeople’sbicycles...hadhappened.”可知，“我”覺得寫警告牌這個(gè)舉動(dòng)有些“愚蠢(foolish)”。5．A．say B．knowC．ignore D．realize解析：由本句中的“ButIknewotherpeople’sbicycleshadbeenstolenintheneighborhood”可知，“我”情愿將所發(fā)生的事“說出來(say)”。6．A．bike B．signC．board D．gun解析：由下文中的“Ihadthisbike...touseit.”可知，他扛著一輛“自行車(bike)”。7．A．traveling B．turningC．lying D．playing解析：由本句中的“Ifiguredyoumightbeabletouseit”可知，“我”這輛自行車“閑置著(lyingaround)”。8．A．a(chǎn)nswer B．a(chǎn)dviceC．promise D．offer解析：由上文中的“Ihadthisbike...touseit”可知，他的“幫助(offer)”使“我”驚異。9．A．but B．orC．a(chǎn)nd D．so解析：前后句之間表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用“but”。10．A．return B．comeC．help D．pay解析：由下文中的“Iaccepted...thekindness”可知，“我”變更辦法不是因?yàn)檫@輛自行車，而是因?yàn)樗芟搿皫椭?help)”“我”。11．A．refused B．obeyedC．a(chǎn)greed D．doubted解析：由“Asnowstormcamethenextday”以及“mybikewasstolen...thenextweekend”可知，“我”的丈夫建議“我”把警告牌拿下來，“我”“拒絕了(refused)”。12．A．knock B．pullC．gift D．poster解析：由“Itwasamiddle-agedwoman.”可知，此處表示“又有人敲門(anotherknockonthedoor)”。13．A．hardly B．fullyC．easily D．silently解析：由語(yǔ)境可知，她圍著街區(qū)開了兩圈的目的是能夠“完全(fully)”讀懂警告牌。14．A．providing B．showingC．changing D．running解析：“我”在大門口掛警告牌，希望小偷能看到，將自行車還回來。沒想到，卻收到了生疏人的善意和幫助，故這個(gè)警告牌在“變更著(changing)”一些事。15．A．holding B．pickingC．giving D．opening解析：結(jié)合整篇文章以及其次段中警告牌的內(nèi)容，此處表示“我”只是“將心中所想說出來(openingmyselfup)”，卻收到如此多的善意。Ⅳ．語(yǔ)法填空依據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Wearecurrentlylivinginaworld__1.where__rapidadvancesinmedicineandtechnologyinfluenceourliveson__2.a__regularbasis.Onetechnology，whichinrecentyears__3.hasdeveloped/hasbeendeveloping__(develop)veryquickly，iscloning.Clonesrefertoanimalsorplantsthatareproducedtobeexact__4.copies__(copy)ofoneanother.Clonesofdifferentkindsareproducedinvariousways，andtheyhavebecome__5.valuable__(value)inmanymedicalapplicationsandbiologicalexperiments.Mostareproducedinthelaboratory，withsomeofthem__6.occurring__(occur)inseveralspeciesinanaturalway.Areportin2024hadpicturesofMacaquemonkeysthathadbeenclonedsuccessfully.Sincetheyareprimates(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物)likeus，itgetsustocomeeven__7.closer__(close)tofindtherightproceduresofthecloningofhumans.Thiscomestothequestionwhywewouldneedorwanttodothis.Woulditbe__8.in__thebestinterestofhumankindtodevelopthistechnology？Besides，themoralquestionsthatwillberaised__9.are__(be)unbelievable，andwoulditbeanaccomplishmentthatcouldbenefithumankindenough__10.tobalance__(balance)theilleffectsthatitmightproduce?文章大意：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹飛速發(fā)展的醫(yī)學(xué)和技術(shù)常常影響著我們的生活，其中一種技術(shù)就是克隆，本文介紹了克隆的概念、現(xiàn)狀以及存在的一些問題。解析：1．考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以發(fā)覺，空前是主句，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞world，空處在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where。2．考查冠詞。onaregularbasis“定期地，常常地”，故填不定冠詞a。3．考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“inrecentyears”可知，develop的動(dòng)作從過去起先持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并有可能持續(xù)下去，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，故用hasdeveloped或hasbeendeveloping。4．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。copy在此表示“復(fù)制品”，是可數(shù)名詞。依據(jù)后面的oneanother“彼此，相互”可知，此處copy不止一個(gè)，故用copy的復(fù)數(shù)形式。5．考查形容詞。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境和系動(dòng)詞后跟形容詞的用法可知，此處用value的形容詞形式valuable“寶貴的，很重要的，有用的。”6．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。逗號(hào)前是完整的一個(gè)句子，逗號(hào)后是“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)閛ccur是不及物動(dòng)詞，且occur與其主語(yǔ)在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。留意：occur的現(xiàn)在分詞形式是先雙寫r再加-ing。7．考查副詞的比較級(jí)。依據(jù)句意和空前的even可知，空處應(yīng)用副詞的比較級(jí)closer。8．考查介詞。inthebestinterestof...意思是“對(duì)……最有利”，是固定搭配。9．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一樣。此處描述客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；由句子主語(yǔ)moralquestions為復(fù)數(shù)可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are。10