中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法突破課件：專題二+動(dòng)詞第3講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

第二部分專題二動(dòng)詞第3講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞思維導(dǎo)圖串考點(diǎn)1．動(dòng)詞不定式的形式：to＋動(dòng)詞原形(有時(shí)可以省略to)；否定形式為“notto＋動(dòng)詞原形”。核心考點(diǎn)精講練命題點(diǎn)1動(dòng)詞不定式

2．動(dòng)詞不定式的句法功能功能用法例句作賓語(yǔ)一般只作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)TheydecidedtovisittheGreatLakes.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)位于賓語(yǔ)后，補(bǔ)充說明賓語(yǔ)的意義、狀態(tài)等。Theteacheraskedustoturnoffthelights.功能用法例句

作狀語(yǔ)

[其他市、州：語(yǔ)法填空：2023．77]一般在句中作目的、結(jié)果、原因狀語(yǔ)Heopenedthedoorforhertocomein.(作目的狀語(yǔ))Paulistooexcitedtosayanything.(作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))作主語(yǔ)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將不定式后置TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.＝

ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.作表語(yǔ)常位于be動(dòng)詞后Herjobistodothedishes.

作定語(yǔ)常放在所修飾詞的后面作后置定語(yǔ)(如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，則需加介詞)Ihavealotofbookstoread.

Pleasegivemesomepapertowriteon.【拓展】特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，還可轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句。如：Canyoutellmewheretogetthescarf？＝CanyoutellmewhereIcangetthescarf?結(jié)構(gòu)功能例句疑問詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)WhentogotoBeijinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.作賓語(yǔ)Ihaven'tdecidedyetwhentoleave.作表語(yǔ)Thequestioniswheretofindwater.3．常見可接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞

(詞組)(v.＋todosth.)afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起agree同意choose選擇continue繼續(xù)decide決定expect期望fail失敗forget忘記hope希望learn學(xué)習(xí)like喜歡manage設(shè)法need需要plan計(jì)劃prefer更喜歡prepare準(zhǔn)備promise承諾refuse拒絕wait等待want想要wouldlike想要4.常見接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞

(v.＋sb.todosth.)advise建議allow允許ask要求expect期望force強(qiáng)迫help幫助invite邀請(qǐng)teach教tell告訴want想要warn警告wish希望encourage鼓勵(lì)request要求order命令[其他市、州：語(yǔ)法填空：2024.74]5.動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to的省略(1)在一些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞之后，要把不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中的to省略，但在

變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，要把省略的to加上(let除外)。常用的有：

一感：feel

二聽：listento，hear

三讓：let，have，make

四看：watch，see，lookat，notice如：Theboy'sfunnyactionmadeeveryonelaugh.＝Everyonewasmadetolaughbytheboy'sfunnyaction.(2)help后帶to不帶to均可。如：Shestillworksthereonceaweektohelpkids(to)learntoread.(3)當(dāng)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)作用相同的不定式并列時(shí)，通常只需在第一個(gè)不定式處用to，其余不定式的to可以省略。但是，如果兩者有對(duì)比關(guān)系，則后面的不定式to不可省略。如：Totryandfailisbetterthannottotryatall.(4)whynot…后省略to。如：WhynotgowithTom?(5)hadbetter…后省略to。如：We'dbetterrideasharedbikethere.6．不定式的常見句型(1)Itis＋adj.＋for/ofsb.＋todosth.對(duì)某人來說做某事是……/某人做某事

真是……(2)Ittakes/tooksb.＋一段時(shí)間＋todosth.做某事花某人……時(shí)間。(3)It'stimetodosth.到做某事的時(shí)間了。(4)It'sone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事。(5)prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.寧愿做某事而不愿做某事(6)too＋adj.＋todosth.太……而不能做某事(7)adj.＋enoughtodosth.足夠……去做某事(8)It'sone'sdutytodosth.做某事是某人的義務(wù)。1．動(dòng)名詞的形式：動(dòng)詞原形＋-ing；否定形式為“not＋動(dòng)詞原形＋-ing”2．動(dòng)名詞的句法功能命題點(diǎn)2動(dòng)名詞功能用法例句作主語(yǔ)單個(gè)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodisbadforyourhealth.作表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))作表語(yǔ)可轉(zhuǎn)化為作主語(yǔ)Myhobbyisplayingtheguitar.＝

Playing

theguitarismyhobby.功能用法例句作賓語(yǔ)作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，表示一般的習(xí)慣性行為或經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作Mysisterenjoysrunningverymuch.作介詞的賓語(yǔ)I'mlookingforwardtoworkingouttheproblem.作定語(yǔ)位于所修飾詞之前，只表明所修飾詞的用途等Themeetingroomistoosmalltoholdthirtypeople.3.常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞

(詞組)(v.＋doingsth.)分類示例動(dòng)詞avoid避免

consider考慮

enjoy喜歡finish完成

imagine想象

keep堅(jiān)持mind介意

practice練習(xí)

suggest建議分類示例動(dòng)詞詞組feellikedoingsth.想要做某事giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事keepondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事setoutdoingsth.著手/開始做某事bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事beinterestedindoingsth.對(duì)做某事感興趣分類示例動(dòng)詞詞組can't/couldn'tstanddoingsth.不能忍受做某事can't/couldn'thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事havefun/trouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有樂趣/有麻煩/有困難lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事【拓展】既可接不定式又可接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞1．分詞的形式(1)現(xiàn)在分詞：v.-ing，表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，有主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行之意；(2)過去分詞：v.-ed，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，有被動(dòng)、完成之意。2．分詞的用法

分詞在句中可起形容詞或副詞的作用，作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，也可構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行或完成時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。(1)作表語(yǔ)ThefilmwassomovingthatIwasdeeplymoved.命題點(diǎn)3分詞(課標(biāo)僅作理解要求)(2)作定語(yǔ)ThebookwrittenbyMr.Wangisveryinteresting.(3)作狀語(yǔ)，可表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、讓步等。Laughingandtalking，thekidswentintotheroom.(表伴隨)(4)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Weallwanttheproblemtobesolved.Ⅰ.用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．[2024江蘇無錫]Thechildrendidalotofresearchinthelab_________(finish)thescienceproject.2．[2024江蘇蘇州改編]Stop_________(push)andjustwaitforyourturn.3．[2024江蘇蘇州改編]Youneedagoodsenseofbalance_________(ride)abicycle.4．[2024四川眉山]InJourney

to

the

West，thecleverandbraveMonkeyKingisneverafraid_________(fight)badpeople.針對(duì)練習(xí)

pushingtofinish

toride

tofight5．[2024甘肅白銀]TheInternetcanbeausefultool，butdon'tletit_________(take)upallofyourtime.6．[2024甘肅臨夏]Ienjoy_____________(listen)tomusicinmysparetime.7．[2024內(nèi)蒙古包頭]Manystudentshavetrouble_______________(communicate)withtheirparents.However，withalittlehardwork，theycanlearntosolvethisproblem.8．Itwon'ttakealongtime_________(find)anyplaceintheworldwiththehelpofonlinemaps.9．Weteenagersshouldspendmoretime________(learn)abouttheoutsideworld.takelistening

communicating

tofindlearning10．Weholdadanceeveryyear__________(raise)moneyforthestudentsinpoorareas.11．Wehaven'tdecidedwhen__________(visit)ourgrandparents.12．__________(keep)diariesinEnglishisagoodwaytohelpyouwithyourEnglish.13．Iprefer___________(listen)tomusicratherthanplaycomputergames.14．Accordingtomyexperience，thefirststeptolearnEnglishwellis_____________(pronounce)correctly.15．Tomiscrazyaboutfootball.However，hisparentsdon'tallowhim_________(stay)outlatetoplayfootballforhissafety.toraisetovisitKeepingtolistentopronouncetostay16．Theyreachedthestationtoolate__________(catch)thetrain.17．Let'sthinkofagoodway_________(help)thesickkidsinthehospital.18．Myfatherexpectsme_______(try)outforthatfamousmusicaltournextyear，sohebooksthesummercamporganizedbyexperienceddramateachersforme.19．Thenewyeariscoming.Teachersencourageus____________(develop)newhobbies.20．Mr.Smithwashappy___________(accept)theinvitationtothespeechcontest.tocatch

tohelptotrytodeveloptoacceptⅡ.翻譯句子21．[2024重慶中考A卷改編]請(qǐng)教教我如何彈鋼琴。Pleaseteachmehow____

______thepiano.22．網(wǎng)絡(luò)交友對(duì)中學(xué)生來說是不安全的。_________

_________ontheInternetisnotsafeformiddleschoolstudents.23．從她身上我體會(huì)到打敗困難的唯一方式是不斷努力，而不是抱怨。FromherIlearnedtheonlywaytobeatdifficultiesis________

_______insteadofcomplaining.toplayMakingfriendskeeping

trying24．科學(xué)家們說，如今生活在森林里的熊貓不足2000只。Scientistssaytherearenowfewerthan2，000pandas______

___

theforest.25．為了拯救大象，我們不能買象牙制品。Tosavetheelephants，wecan'tbuythings______

____ivory.26．幫你記住某個(gè)東西的一個(gè)好辦法是在你的頭腦里想象一幅它的畫面。Agreatway___

__________

somethingistoimagineapictureofitinyourmind.livingin

madeoftoremember27．作為年輕人，我們要有改變世界的勇氣。Asyoungmen，weshouldhavethecourage__________

____________theworld.28．閱讀時(shí)，有些學(xué)生碰到生詞習(xí)慣查字典。Somestudentsareused____

_________upthewordstheydon'tknowinthedictionarywhilereading.

tochangeofchangingtolookingⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空微語(yǔ)篇[2023山西改編]Joegotachocolatefromhisfatherforhiscleaningworkathome.Whenhewasready29.________(eat)it，hiselderbrothertookawaythechocolatefromJoeandputit