決戰(zhàn)閱讀之說明文-現(xiàn)象解說類2 精講課件（入門篇）

(高中說明文)現(xiàn)象解說2決戰(zhàn)閱讀之巔

培養(yǎng)快速理清篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，抓取文章大意的能力。運(yùn)用說明文體裁分析，規(guī)范閱讀理解的解題步驟。學(xué)會(huì)使用“脫衣服”大法分析長(zhǎng)難句。積累與現(xiàn)象解說類說明文相關(guān)的主題詞匯。Ready?Go!說明文體裁分析Part1事理說明事物說明說明文分類歷年數(shù)據(jù)年份省份篇章內(nèi)容2021年新高考I卷D篇闡述了情商的定義以及對(duì)有關(guān)于情商未來研究的期望全國(guó)甲卷B篇介紹了在PortLympne保護(hù)區(qū)的部分黑犀?，F(xiàn)狀全國(guó)乙卷C篇介紹藝術(shù)家BenjaminVonWong用塑料垃圾制作的塑料雕塑，呼吁人類審視和一次性塑料的關(guān)系D篇針對(duì)開放性辦公室，一項(xiàng)研究調(diào)研多少分貝的噪音最有利于人們的創(chuàng)造性思維的發(fā)展新高考II卷D篇介紹一種正在開發(fā)中的，可以用于監(jiān)測(cè)放牧牛健康狀況的機(jī)器人天津卷D篇闡述了藝術(shù)這一活動(dòng)對(duì)人類的重要意義浙江卷C篇一項(xiàng)研究表明狗能夠識(shí)別人類的面部表情北京卷C篇通過百位科學(xué)家、作家和學(xué)者的公開信，闡述了全球崩塌（globalcollapse）的相關(guān)內(nèi)容歷年數(shù)據(jù)年份省份篇章內(nèi)容2020年全國(guó)I卷B篇闡述了重新閱讀的意義和益處，鼓勵(lì)大家重新閱讀D篇介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院的工程師開發(fā)出的一種發(fā)光植物全國(guó)II卷B篇研究表明孩子們玩智力游戲有助于發(fā)展包括空間技能等多項(xiàng)能力C篇介紹了美國(guó)新奧良和布魯克林舉辦的不同尋常的時(shí)裝秀中展出海貍鼠制成的皮衣全國(guó)III卷D篇通過引用最近的基因發(fā)現(xiàn)，闡述人類的進(jìn)化不僅僅發(fā)生在數(shù)十億年前，也發(fā)生在最近的幾千年間北京卷B篇介紹世界上第一條佩戴污染檢測(cè)器記錄地面附近的污染物水平的狗江蘇卷B篇講述了一度停用的電話亭在英國(guó)重新流行起來C篇研究表明對(duì)于那些能忍受的人來說，不吃早餐鍛煉可能對(duì)健康更有益年份省份篇章內(nèi)容2020年天津卷（5月）C篇HarbourAir航空公司研發(fā)電動(dòng)飛機(jī)天津卷(7月)C篇介紹了聲音技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的3種全新應(yīng)用浙江卷C篇《神經(jīng)病學(xué)》雜志發(fā)布一則研究顯示，做挑戰(zhàn)性的工作，有可能幫助衰老人群保持大腦的敏銳成都診斷模擬題科學(xué)家的研究表明2歲及其以前的幼年記憶并不可信高密模擬模擬題一項(xiàng)研究表明定期打網(wǎng)球有助于延長(zhǎng)壽命2019年全國(guó)卷IC篇介紹了一種新的防止個(gè)人身份和數(shù)據(jù)在電子空間被盜的高科技智能鍵盤D篇主要講述了受歡迎度對(duì)青少年的影響歷年數(shù)據(jù)年份省份篇章內(nèi)容2019年全國(guó)卷IIC篇分析美國(guó)越來越多的人喜歡獨(dú)自進(jìn)餐的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象D篇介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局為了把航天技術(shù)和學(xué)校教育結(jié)合起來，而針對(duì)高中生實(shí)施的HUNCH計(jì)劃。全國(guó)卷IIID篇一位哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的科學(xué)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)猴子能進(jìn)行基本的加法計(jì)算。北京卷D篇解說由于氣候變暖，世界海洋將會(huì)變得更藍(lán)、更綠的現(xiàn)象。浙江卷C篇解說并分析加利福尼亞州從90年代以來大樹不斷消失的現(xiàn)象和背后的重要原因2018年全國(guó)卷IB篇介紹了一檔英國(guó)電視節(jié)目，給觀眾介紹如何減少食物浪費(fèi)以及如何以較少的預(yù)算做出美味佳肴C篇講述了隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展人類語言越來越少的現(xiàn)象及其原因D篇紐約羅徹斯特理工學(xué)院的研究表明，新電子設(shè)備的環(huán)境能耗比舊設(shè)備更低，是更經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)保的選擇歷年數(shù)據(jù)年份省份篇章內(nèi)容2018年全國(guó)卷IIB篇介紹了7月份各種營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富，并包含對(duì)人體有益的微量元素的熱帶水果北京卷C篇介紹了一種吃塑料，并能用胃里的酶降解塑料的蟲子大蠟螟天津卷C篇介紹了3D打印技術(shù)在食物的應(yīng)用上取得的進(jìn)展和遇到的挑戰(zhàn)2017年全國(guó)卷IIC篇Terrafugia公司研制出飛行汽車并成功進(jìn)行了第一次飛行D篇介紹了植物在受到昆蟲的攻擊時(shí)是如何進(jìn)行自我保護(hù)的,北京卷C篇已經(jīng)被疫苗消滅的麻疹近日有回歸的趨勢(shì)全國(guó)卷ID篇介紹了一種自己可以親手制作簡(jiǎn)易太陽能蒸餾器的方法2014年全國(guó)卷ID篇為了拯救因?yàn)闉l臨滅絕的小眾語言，語言學(xué)家展開了記錄拯救工作歷年數(shù)據(jù)說明文通常說明某一事物的特征，普遍真理，闡述科學(xué)道理和對(duì)事物發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)果等進(jìn)行介紹、說明的一種文體。哇，考頻這么高，說明文到底是什么？說明文是高考閱讀理解的?？?，每年閱讀理解都有涉及。123說明對(duì)象事物說明事理說明語篇結(jié)構(gòu)說明順序說明方法一般-特殊型問題-解決型匹配-比較型時(shí)間空間邏輯舉例、比較、分類、引用、數(shù)字、定義、表格、圖示…12341事物事理說明文往往為了說清楚某個(gè)事物或事理是什么、為什么、怎么樣，通常在標(biāo)題或首段直接指出說明對(duì)象。說明文圍繞所說事物/事理，采用多種說明方法客觀闡明，因而高頻詞會(huì)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，閱讀過程中把握高頻詞也能準(zhǔn)確找出說明對(duì)象，提取核心信息。名師指路2020江蘇卷B方法1：尋找高頻詞①

Sometimesit’shardtoletgo.FormanyBritishpeople,thatcanapplytoinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast-age-oldcastles,splendidhomes...andredphoneboxes.②

Beatenfirstbythemarchoftechnologyandlatelybytheterribleweatherinjunkyards(廢品場(chǎng)),thephoneboxesrepresentativeofanagearenowmakingsomethingofacomeback.Adaptedinimaginativeways,manyhavereappearedoncitystreetsandvillagegreenshousingtinycafes,cellphonerepairshopsorevendefibrillatormachines(除顫器).③

Theoriginalironboxeswiththeroundroofsfirstappearedin1926.TheyweredesignedbyGilesGilbertScott,thearchitectoftheBatterseaPowerStationinLondon.AfterbecominganimportantpartofmanyBritishstreets,thephoneboxesbegandisappearinginthe1980s,withtheriseofthemobilephonesendingmostofthemawaytothejunkyards.④

Aboutthattime,TonyInglis’engineeringandtransportcompanygotthejobtoremovephoneboxesfromthestreetsandsellthemout.ButInglisendedupbuyinghundredsofthemhimself,withtheideaofrepairingandsellingthem.Hesaidthathehadheardthecallstopreservetheboxesandhadseenhowsomeofthemwerelistedashistoricbuildings.⑤AsInglisand,

laterotherbusinessmen,gottowork,repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesandvillagesaspeoplefoundnewusesforthem.Today,theyareonceagainafamiliarsight,playingrolesthatareoftenjustasimportantforthecommunityastheiroriginalpurpose.2020江蘇卷B⑥

Inruralareas,whereambulancescantakearelativelylongtimetoarrive,thephoneboxeshavetakenonalifesavingrole.Localorganizationscanadoptthemfor1pound,andinstalldefibrillatorstohelpinemergencies.⑦

Othersalsolookedatthephoneboxesandsawbusinessopportunities.LoveFone,acompanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthanabandoningthem,openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.⑧

Thetinyshopsmadeeconomicsense,accordingtoRobertKerr,afounderofLoveFone.Hesaidthatoneoftheboxesgeneratedaround$13,500inrevenueamonthandcostonlyabout$400torent.⑨

Inglissaidphoneboxescalledtomindanagewhenthingswerebuilttolast.“Ilikewhattheyaretopeople,andIenjoybringingthingsback,”hesaid.連詞成句，得到說明對(duì)象AresearchshowsthatphoneboxesinBritainhaverecentlymadeacomebackwithnewfunctions.事理說明文本文屬于現(xiàn)象解說類說明文高頻詞：phoneboxescomeback2017北京卷C①

Measles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.②

Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled

“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.③

Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.④

That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.⑤

Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.方法2：看文章標(biāo)題；尋找首段中心句事理說明文本文屬于現(xiàn)象解說類說明文22020江蘇卷B①

Sometimesit’shardtoletgo.FormanyBritishpeople,thatcanapplytoinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast-age-oldcastles,splendidhomes...andredphoneboxes.②

Beatenfirstbythemarchoftechnologyandlatelybytheterribleweatherinjunkyards(廢品場(chǎng)),thephoneboxesrepresentativeofanagearenowmakingsomethingofacomeback.Adaptedinimaginativeways,manyhavereappearedoncitystreetsandvillagegreenshousingtinycafes,cellphonerepairshopsorevendefibrillatormachines(除顫器).③

Theoriginalironboxeswiththeroundroofsfirstappearedin1926.TheyweredesignedbyGilesGilbertScott,thearchitectoftheBatterseaPowerStationinLondon.AfterbecominganimportantpartofmanyBritishstreets,thephoneboxesbegandisappearinginthe1980s,withtheriseofthemobilephonesendingmostofthemawaytothejunkyards.④

Aboutthattime,TonyInglis’engineeringandtransportcompanygotthejobtoremovephoneboxesfromthestreetsandsellthemout.ButInglisendedupbuyinghundredsofthemhimself,withtheideaofrepairingandsellingthem.Hesaidthathehadheardthecallstopreservetheboxesandhadseenhowsomeofthemwerelistedashistoricbuildings.⑤AsInglisand,laterotherbusinessmen,gottowork,repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesandvillagesaspeoplefoundnewusesforthem.Today,theyareonceagainafamiliarsight,playingrolesthatareoftenjustasimportantforthecommunityastheiroriginalpurpose.2020江蘇卷B⑥

Inruralareas,whereambulancescantakearelativelylongtimetoarrive,thephoneboxeshavetakenonalifesavingrole.Localorganizationscanadoptthemfor1pound,andinstalldefibrillatorstohelpinemergencies.⑦

Othersalsolookedatthephoneboxesandsawbusinessopportunities.LoveFone,acompanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthanabandoningthem,openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.⑧

Thetinyshopsmadeeconomicsense,accordingtoRobertKerr,afounderofLoveFone.Hesaidthatoneoftheboxesgeneratedaround$13,500inrevenueamonthandcostonlyabout$400torent.⑨

Inglissaidphoneboxescalledtomindanagewhenthingswerebuilttolast.“Ilikewhattheyaretopeople,andIenjoybringingthingsback,”hesaid.說明對(duì)象現(xiàn)象描述現(xiàn)象原因現(xiàn)象影響2020江蘇卷B篇2017北京卷C①

Measles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.②

Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.③

Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.④

That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.⑤

Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.2017北京卷C⑥

Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(決定不參加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption（豁免）,sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.⑦

Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.⑧

Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.說明對(duì)象現(xiàn)象描述現(xiàn)象原因現(xiàn)象影響2017北京卷C篇Expositionexplainssomething.Inordertomakeideasclearandunderstandabletothereaders,expositionusuallyfollowstimeorder,spaceorderorlogicalorder.常見的邏輯順序有：從原因到結(jié)果，從主要到次要，從整體到部分，從概括到具體，從現(xiàn)象到本質(zhì)等。名師指路3①

Sometimesit’shardtoletgo.FormanyBritishpeople,thatcanapplytoinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast-age-oldcastles,splendidhomes...andredphoneboxes.②

Beatenfirstbythemarchoftechnologyandlatelybytheterribleweatherinjunkyards(廢品場(chǎng)),thephoneboxesrepresentativeofanagearenowmakingsomethingofacomeback.Adaptedinimaginativeways,manyhavereappearedoncitystreetsandvillagegreenshousingtinycafes,cellphonerepairshopsorevendefibrillatormachines(除顫器).2020江蘇卷B題目見講義③

Theoriginalironboxeswiththeroundroofsfirstappearedin1926.TheyweredesignedbyGilesGilbertScott,thearchitectoftheBatterseaPowerStationinLondon.AfterbecominganimportantpartofmanyBritishstreets,thephoneboxesbegandisappearinginthe1980s,withtheriseofthemobilephonesendingmostofthemawaytothejunkyards.④

Aboutthattime,TonyInglis’engineeringandtransportcompanygotthejobtoremovephoneboxesfromthestreetsandsellthemout.ButInglisendedupbuyinghundredsofthemhimself,withtheideaofrepairingandsellingthem.Hesaidthathehadheardthecallstopreservetheboxesandhadseenhowsomeofthemwerelistedashistoricbuildings.2020江蘇卷B題目見講義2020江蘇卷B題目見講義⑤

AsInglisand,laterotherbusinessmen,gottowork,repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesandvillagesaspeoplefoundnewusesforthem.Today,theyareonceagainafamiliarsight,playingrolesthatareoftenjustasimportantforthecommunityastheiroriginalpurpose.⑥

Inruralareas,whereambulancescantakearelativelylongtimetoarrive,thephoneboxeshavetakenonalifesavingrole.Localorganizationscanadoptthemfor1pound,andinstalldefibrillatorstohelpinemergencies.⑦

Othersalsolookedatthephoneboxesandsawbusinessopportunities.LoveFone,acompanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthanabandoningthem,openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.⑧

Thetinyshopsmadeeconomicsense,accordingtoRobertKerr,afounderofLoveFone.Hesaidthatoneoftheboxesgeneratedaround$13,500inrevenueamonthandcostonlyabout$400torent.⑨

Inglissaidphoneboxescalledtomindanagewhenthingswerebuilttolast.“Ilikewhattheyaretopeople,andIenjoybringingthingsback,”hesaid.2020江蘇卷B題目見講義本文是事理說明文，是關(guān)于英國(guó)電話亭重新回歸后的新角色和新職能。作者通過列數(shù)字、引資料、作比較等說明方法，介紹了現(xiàn)象描述、現(xiàn)象原因和現(xiàn)象影響，充分說明了電話亭從過去淘汰到如今再歸來的新角色與新職能，比如原功能持續(xù)、拯救生命功能、經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)會(huì)。即說明對(duì)象：FormanyBritishpeople,objectsthatrepresentcountry'spast-age-oldthings,includingredboxes,arehardtoletthemgo.名師指路What’sthemainideaofthispassage?總結(jié)：說明文的說明方法圍繞說明對(duì)象展開陳述。2017北京卷C題目見講義①

Measles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.②

Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.2017北京卷C題目見講義③

Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.④

That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.⑤

Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.本文是事理說明文，是關(guān)于麻疹在歷史上帶來的危害以及再度爆發(fā)的原因。作者通過列數(shù)字、下定義、作比較等說明方法，介紹了現(xiàn)象描述、現(xiàn)象原因以及現(xiàn)象影響，闡釋了疫苗的重要性以及大眾需要有的擔(dān)當(dāng)。即說明對(duì)象：MeaslesismakingacomebackwhichwasnearlywipedoutintheUSA14yearsago.產(chǎn)生此現(xiàn)象的原因是人們的錯(cuò)誤信息以及反疫苗的錯(cuò)誤思想。名師指路What’sthemainideaofthispassage?總結(jié)：事理類說明文的說明對(duì)象通常也是主旨句，呈現(xiàn)文章的主旨。真題講解示例12020江蘇卷BPART2123Watchthevideoandfindoutsomefunctionsofphoneboxes.2020江蘇卷B題目見講義①

Sometimesit’shardtoletgo.FormanyBritishpeople,thatcanapplytoinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast-age-oldcastles,splendidhomes...andredphoneboxes.②

Beatenfirstbythemarchoftechnologyandlatelybytheterribleweatherinjunkyards(廢品場(chǎng)),thephoneboxesrepresentativeofanagearenowmakingsomethingofacomeback.Adaptedinimaginativeways,manyhavereappearedoncitystreetsandvillagegreenshousingtinycafes,cellphonerepairshopsorevendefibrillatormachines(除顫器).③

Theoriginalironboxeswiththeroundroofsfirstappearedin1926.TheyweredesignedbyGilesGilbertScott,thearchitectoftheBatterseaPowerStationinLondon.AfterbecominganimportantpartofmanyBritishstreets,thephoneboxesbegandisappearinginthe1980s,withtheriseofthemobilephonesendingmostofthemawaytothejunkyards.④

Aboutthattime,TonyInglis’engineeringandtransportcompanygotthejobtoremovephoneboxesfromthestreetsandsellthemout.ButInglisendedupbuyinghundredsofthemhimself,withtheideaofrepairingandsellingthem.Hesaidthathehadheardthecallstopreservetheboxesandhadseenhowsomeofthemwerelistedashistoricbuildings.⑤AsInglisand,laterotherbusinessmen,gottowork,repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesandvillagesaspeoplefoundnewusesforthem.Today,theyareonceagainafamiliarsight,playingrolesthatareoftenjustasimportantforthecommunityastheiroriginalpurpose.2020江蘇卷B題目見講義⑥

Inruralareas,whereambulancescantakearelativelylongtimetoarrive,thephoneboxeshavetakenonalifesavingrole.Localorganizationscanadoptthemfor1pound,andinstalldefibrillatorstohelpinemergencies.⑦

Othersalsolookedatthephoneboxesandsawbusinessopportunities.LoveFone,acompanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthanabandoningthem,openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.⑧

Thetinyshopsmadeeconomicsense,accordingtoRobertKerr,afounderofLoveFone.Hesaidthatoneoftheboxesgeneratedaround$13,500inrevenueamonthandcostonlyabout$400torent.⑨

Inglissaidphoneboxescalledtomindanagewhenthingswerebuilttolast.“Ilikewhattheyaretopeople,andIenjoybringingthingsback,”hesaid.摘要一般特殊型

說明文引言正文總結(jié)FormanyBritishpeople,objectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast-age-oldthings,includingredboxes,arehardtoletthemgo.Adaptedinimaginativeways,thephoneboxesrepresentativeofanagearenowmakingsomethingofacomeback.Thephoneboxeswhichfirstappearedin1926begandisappearinginthe1980s.ButInglisendedupbuyingthemandrepurposedphoneboxes.Newusesofthephoneboxesare:1.familiarrolesasorignialones;2.alifesavingrole;3.busniessoppourtunities.Inglissaidphoneboxescalledtomindanagewhenthingswerebuilttolast.1.Thephoneboxesaremakingacomeback__________.

3.Thephoneboxesarebecomingpopularmainlybecauseof__________.Thephoneboxesmadeeconomicsense.快速通讀文章完成下面的摘要，并找出所對(duì)應(yīng)的題目。disappearanceofredboxesMindMap2020江蘇卷B篇說明對(duì)象現(xiàn)象原因PhoneboxesinBritainhaverecentlymadeacomebackwithnewfunctions.現(xiàn)象影響Thephoneboxesmadeeconomicsense.themarchoftechnology現(xiàn)象描述phoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesandvillagespeoplefoundnewusesforthemreturningofredboxesInglisrepairedandsoldredboxestocallonpeoplepreservethem.newfunctionsofredboxestheterribleweatherinjunkyardsbusinessopportunitiesPhoneboxescalledtomindanagewhenthingswerebuilttolast.familiarrolesalifesavingrole2.Whydidthephoneboxesbegintogooutofserviceinthe1980s?題目速覽Thephoneboxesaremakingacomeback__________.toformabeautifulsightofthecitytoimprovetelecommunicationsservicestoremindpeopleofahistoricalperiodtomeettherequirementofgreeneconomy1細(xì)節(jié)理解題Whydidthephoneboxesbegintogooutofserviceinthe1980s?Theywerenotwell-designed.Theyprovidedbadservices.Theyhadtooshortahistory.Theylosttonewtechnologies.2Thephoneboxesarebecomingpopularmainlybecauseof__________.theirnewappearanceandlowerpricesthepushofthelocalorganizationstheirchangedrolesandfunctionsthebigfundingofthebusinessmen3細(xì)節(jié)理解題推理判斷題拆解：說明文（一般特殊型）細(xì)節(jié)理解題1STEP1：標(biāo)關(guān)鍵詞Thephoneboxesaremakingacomeback__________.A.toformabeautifulsightofthecityB.toimprovetelecommunicationsservicesC.toremindpeopleofahistoricalperiodD.tomeettherequirementofgreeneconomySTEP2：定位信息段題干定位說明對(duì)象PhoneboxesinBritainhaverecentlymadeacomebackwithnewfunctions.①

Sometimesit’shardtoletgo.FormanyBritishpeople,thatcanapplytoinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast-age-oldcastles,splendidhomes...andredphoneboxes.技巧點(diǎn)撥：同義復(fù)現(xiàn)representtheircountry’spast-age-old答案指向句分析參考譯文FormanyBritishpeople,thatcanapplytoinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast-age-oldcastles,splendidhomes...andredphoneboxes.對(duì)許多英國(guó)人來說，這句話適用于代表他們國(guó)家的古老的城堡、輝煌的家園以及紅色的電話亭等機(jī)構(gòu)和物品。目的狀語thatcanapplytoinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast-age-oldcastles,splendidhomes...andredphoneboxesFormanyBritishpeople定語從句211233拆解：說明文（一般特殊型）細(xì)節(jié)理解題2STEP1：標(biāo)關(guān)鍵詞Whydidthephoneboxesbegintogooutofserviceinthe1980s?A.Theywerenotwell-designed.B.Theyprovidedbadservices.C.Theyhadtooshortahistory.D.Theylosttonewtechnologies.題干定位現(xiàn)象原因STEP2：定位信息段disappearanceofredboxesthemarchoftechnologytheterribleweatherinjunkyards③

AfterbecominganimportantpartofmanyBritishstreets,thephoneboxesbegandisappearinginthe1980s,withtheriseofthemobilephonesendingmostofthemawaytothejunkyards.

phonewiththeriseofthemobile技巧點(diǎn)撥：語塊解釋答案指向句分析參考譯文AfterbecominganimportantpartofmanyBritishstreets,thephoneboxesbegandisappearinginthe1980s,withtheriseofthemobilephonesendingmostofthemawaytothejunkyards.

在成為英國(guó)許多街道的重要組成部分后，電話亭在20世紀(jì)80年代開始消失，因?yàn)橐苿?dòng)電話的興起將大部分電話亭送到了垃圾場(chǎng)。AfterbecominganimportantpartofmanyBritishstreets時(shí)間狀語原因狀語thephoneboxesbegandisappearinginthe1980swiththeriseofthemobilephonesendingmostofthemawaytothejunkyards112233拆解：說明文（一般特殊型）推理判斷題3STEP1：標(biāo)關(guān)鍵詞Thephoneboxesarebecomingpopularmainlybecauseof__________.theirnewappearanceandlowerpricesthepushofthelocalorganizationstheirchangedrolesandfunctionsthebigfundingofthebusinessmen題干定位現(xiàn)象原因STEP2：定位信息段newfunctionsofredboxesfamiliarrolesalifesavingrolebusinessopportunities⑤

AsInglisand,laterotherbusinessmen,gottowork,

repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesandvillagesaspeoplefoundnewusesforthem.

repurposed技巧點(diǎn)撥：原因的定位不止是because，還要注意as,for,with等小詞作狀語答案指向句分析參考譯文AsInglisand,laterotherbusinessmen,gottowork,repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesandvillagesaspeoplefoundnewusesforthem.

隨著英格利斯和后來的其他商人開始工作，改裝后的電話亭開始重新出現(xiàn)在城市和村莊里，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)了它的新用途。as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingAsInglisand,laterotherbusinessmen,gottoworkaspeoplefoundnewusesforthemincitiesandvillages11223344回顧Tip1:說明文細(xì)節(jié)理解題的破解分三步走。①_______________________________;②_______________________________;③_______________________________。Tip2:說明文細(xì)節(jié)理解題正確選項(xiàng)特征______________________________________細(xì)節(jié)理解劃出題干、選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞同詞/同義復(fù)現(xiàn)回憶文章結(jié)構(gòu)，定位具體段落關(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞句，找出答案推理判斷Tip1:說明文推理判斷題的破解分三步走。①_____________________________________;②_____________________________________;③_____________________________________。Tip2:說明文推理判斷題正確選項(xiàng)特征______________________________________定位關(guān)鍵詞于段落中分析邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)找出表達(dá)思想傾向和感情色彩的詞語塊解釋/同義復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯梳理：同義/近義復(fù)現(xiàn)①

Sometimesit’shardtoletgo.FormanyBritishpeople,thatcanapplytoinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast-age-oldcastles,splendidhomes...a