專題15 重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法過(guò)關(guān)：特殊疑問(wèn)句和祈使句（期末真題+名校模擬）-2022-2023學(xué)年七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末復(fù)習(xí)查缺補(bǔ)漏沖刺滿分（人教版）

專題15重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法過(guò)關(guān)：特殊疑問(wèn)句和祈使句期末真題+名校模擬特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句意思用法例句劃線舉例when什么時(shí)間問(wèn)時(shí)間WhendoyougotoBeijing?Ireadthebooktwoyearsago.who誰(shuí)問(wèn)人Whoisthatwoman?LiHuiisourmonitor.whose誰(shuí)的問(wèn)主人Whosebookisthis?Julia'sfatherisaworker.where在哪里問(wèn)地點(diǎn)Whereisthecinema?Theyaresinginginthetree.which哪一個(gè)問(wèn)選擇Whichbagisyours?Theboyinblueismycousin.why為什么問(wèn)原因Whyareyousoexcited?Becauseshelikesdogs.what什么問(wèn)東西/事情Whatcanyousee?Hedoeshishomeworkatnight..whattime什么時(shí)間問(wèn)點(diǎn)時(shí)間Whattimeisitnow?Shebeginsherclassesatnine.what/howabout….怎么樣問(wèn)意見(jiàn)What/howaboutyou?Shelikessinging._________you?whatday星期幾問(wèn)星期Whatdayisittoday?TodayisSunday.whatdate什么日期問(wèn)具體日期What’sthedatetoday?TomorrowisJuly31.how怎么樣問(wèn)情況/程度/方式/手段Howdoyoufeel?Shegoestoschoolonfoot.HelikesEnglishverymuch.howold(年齡)多大問(wèn)年齡Howoldareyou?Sheistenyearsold.howlong/多長(zhǎng)/問(wèn)長(zhǎng)度/一段時(shí)間Howlongisyourruler?Theriveris15miles.Themeetinglastedfortwohours.howbig(體積)多大問(wèn)大小Howbigistheelephant?Myroomis25squaremetres.howmany多少（數(shù)量）問(wèn)數(shù)量可數(shù)Howmanypencilsdoyouhave?Therearethreepeopleinmyfamily.howmuch多少（價(jià)錢(qián)）多少（數(shù)量）問(wèn)價(jià)錢(qián)問(wèn)數(shù)量不可數(shù)Howmuchisyourshirt?Myshirtis10dollars.Thereislittlemilkinthebottle.howfar多遠(yuǎn)問(wèn)路程Howfarisyourschool?It'saboutfiveminuteswalk.howfast多快問(wèn)速度Howfastcanheskateboard.?Shecanrun10milesanhour.Howoften多久一次問(wèn)頻率Howoftendoeshegojogging?Hegoesbowlingtwiceaweek.Howsoon還要多久問(wèn)時(shí)間Howsoonwillyoufinishyourwork?Juliawillcomebackinthreedays.祈使句祈使句用法詳解：1.Do型（即：動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)+其他成分）Pleasehaveaseathere.請(qǐng)這邊坐。有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下，動(dòng)詞可省略。Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.請(qǐng)這邊走。2.Be型（即：Be+表語(yǔ)（名詞或形容詞）+其它成分）Beagoodboy!要做一個(gè)好孩子！3.Let型（即：Let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分）Letmehelpyou.讓我來(lái)幫你。否定結(jié)構(gòu)：Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't。Don'tforgeme!不要忘記我！Don'tbelateforschool!上學(xué)不要遲到!Let型的否定式有兩種：（Don't+Let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分）Don'tlethimgo.別讓他走。（Let+賓語(yǔ)+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分）Lethimnotgo.別讓他走。4.NO開(kāi)頭，用來(lái)表示禁止性的祈使句。Nosmoking!禁止吸煙Nofishing!禁止釣魚(yú)Noparking!禁止停車(chē)5.祈使句+or/and+簡(jiǎn)單句=if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句Hurryup,orwewillmissthetrain.=Ifwedon’thurryup,wewillmissthetrain.一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—________pocketmoneydoyouget?

—Only________.A．Howmuch;little B．Howmuch;alittle C．Howmany;alittle D．Howmany;little2．—________canIgettothatvillage?

—Youmustwalk________theforest.A．What;between B．How;between C．What;through D．How;through3．_______goshoppingwithusthisafternoon?A．Howabout B．Whatabout C．Whynot D．Whydon’t4．________doyougoforaswim,onceaweekortwiceaweek?A．Howlong B．Howmuch C．Howsoon D．Howoften5．—________bikeisthis?

—It’smine.A．Who B．Whose C．Who’s D．Whom6．—________istheweatherlikeinAmericainwinter,Betty?—Wehavecoldwintersandhotsummers.A．What B．How C．Where D．Which7．________bookisit,Dick’soryours?A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who8．________canwegettotherailwaystation?A．What B．Why C．Where D．How9．—Hi,Dale.What’sthisinEnglish?

—________.A．It’sorange B．O-R-A-N-G-E C．That’sanorange D．It’sanorange10．—________doyouspell“book”?

—B-O-O-K.A．Where B．Why C．How D．What11．—How________areyou?—Iamthirteen.A．old B．much C．many D．do12．—________colouristhepen?—It’s________.A．What;green B．How;agreen C．What’s;green D．What;agreen13．________classareyou________?A．Where;in B．What;on C．What;in14．________arethosesweaters?A．What’scolor B．Whatcolors C．What’scolors D．Whatcolor15．—________?—They’reourcoats.A．What’sthat B．Who’sthat C．Whatarethose D．Whoarethey16．—_________isshe?

—She’smyteacher.A．What B．Who C．How D．Whose17．—________ishe?

—He’smycousinTony.A．Whose B．Who C．What D．Which18．—_________isthewomanyouweretalkingabout?—Iwastalkingaboutthewomanwithlonghair.A．Which B．Who C．What D．How19．—Whatishe?—Heis________.A．teacher B．teaching C．teaches D．a(chǎn)teacher20．—________thatman?—Theoneinthegreencar.Oh,that’smyuncle,Tom.A．Whose B．Who’s C．Whose’s D．Whichis21．—_________doyouusuallyreadEnglish？—Abouthalfanhour.A．When B．Whattime C．Howmany D．Howlong22．—________?

—Helookstallandstrong.A．Whatishe B．WhatdoeshelooklikeC．Whatdoeshelike D．Whoishe23．—________readingroomsarethereintheirschool?—Therearetwo.A．Howmuch B．Howmany C．Isthere D．Arethere24．—________isyourclassmateJohnlike?

—He’sverywell.A．How B．What C．Who D．Which25．—________arethebirds?—They’rehighinthetree.A．How B．What C．Where D．Who26．—_________areyoubuyingsomuchfood,Mum?—Becauseyouruncleiscomingfordinner.A．Why B．When C．Where D．How27．—Doyouknowtheboyunderthetree?—_______one?A．Who B．Whose C．Which D．When28．—Howdoesshelook?—________.A．Sheisfine B．Sheiswell C．Sheistallandslim D．Sheplaystenniswell29．—________dotheyoftengotoschool?—Onthebike.A．How B．What C．When D．Where30．—________?

—They’reDad’sshoes.A．Whatarethese B．Whicharethese C．Whosearethese D．Wherearethese31．________rightandgodownQiuzhiStreet.A．Turn B．Turns C．Toturn D．Turning32．—Lookatthesign.“________swimming!”—Soit________bedangeroustoswimhere.A．Don’t;must B．Not;may C．Notbe;can D．No;must33．________therealone,becauseit’sdangerous.A．Nottogo B．Notgo C．Notgoing D．Don’tgo34．Givemeachance,________Iwillproveittoyou.A．a(chǎn)nd B．till C．though D．while35．—________lateforschoolagain,Tom!

—Sorry,I________.A．Don’t;won’t B．Don’tbe;won’tC．Don’tbe;don’t D．Don’t;will36．Haveatry,

________youwillsucceed(成功).A．a(chǎn)nd B．or C．so D．but37．________climbthemountains(山).A．Not B．Don’t C．Notdo D．No38．Thereisasignonthewall,saying“________!”A．nophoto B．Nophotoes C．Don’tphotos D．Nophotos39．一________freshairitisnow!—Yes.________gooutforawalk.A．What;Let B．Whata;Let’s C．What;Let’s D．How;Letus40．LetPolly________youtotherailwaystation.A．drives B．driving C．todrive D．drive41．________takeabustoschool.A．Whatabout B．Whynot C．Let’s D．Shallwe42．_______talkwithyourclassmateinclass.A．No B．Neverto C．Notto D．Don’t43．Alan,________playbasketballhere.Yoursisterissleepingnow.A．not B．doesn’t C．don’t44．Lookatthesign.No________!Youcan’tsmokehere.A．smoke B．smokes C．smoking D．smoked45．—________upnow!Wehavetogointenminutes.

—OK,mum.A．Getting B．Toget C．Get D．Gets46．Jenny,________arrivelateagain.MissWhitewillbeunhappy.A．don’t B．not C．doesn’t47．—Excuseme,canyoushowmethewaytoZhenjiangMuseum?—________alongthisroad.Itisrightbesidethatredhouse.A．Walking B．Towalk C．Walk D．Walks48．Takeyourglasseswithyou,________youwon’tenjoytheplay.A．so B．or C．a(chǎn)nd D．therefore49．______thebridge.Youcanseethehospitalonyourright.A．Gocross B．Toacross C．Across D．Goacross50．—Excuseme,canyoutellmethewaytothemuseum?—________alongtheroad,andturnleft________thesecondturning,themuseumisbesidethepoststation.A．Towalk;on B．Walking;on C．Walk;at D．Towalking;at參考答案：1．B【詳解】句意：——你獲得了多少零花錢(qián)？——只有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句和代詞辨析。Howmuch多少，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；Howmany多少，修飾可數(shù)名詞；little幾乎沒(méi)有；alittle一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“pocketmoney”和句意可知，第一空應(yīng)用Howmoney修飾不可數(shù)名詞pocketmoney，第二空意為只有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。故選B。2．D【詳解】句意：——我怎么去那個(gè)村莊？——你必須穿過(guò)森林?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)詞和介詞辨析。what什么；how如何。根據(jù)“canIgettothatvillage?”可知，是詢問(wèn)如何去那個(gè)村莊，應(yīng)用how，排除AC；between在……之間；through通過(guò)。根據(jù)“walk...theforest.”可知，是指穿過(guò)森林，應(yīng)用through，故選D。3．C【詳解】句意：今天下午為什么不和我們一起去購(gòu)物呢?考查特殊疑疑問(wèn)句。Howabout=Whatabout做某事怎么樣，后面跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式；Whynot為什么不做某事，后跟動(dòng)詞原形；Whydon’tyoudo為什么你不做某事。根據(jù)空格后的go可知Whynot符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。4．D【詳解】句意：你多久去游泳一次，每周一次或每周兩次？考查特殊疑問(wèn)詞。Howlong多久；Howmuch多少；Howsoon多久之后；Howoften多久一次。根據(jù)“onceaweekortwiceaweek”可知每周一次或每周兩次，因此用Howoften來(lái)詢問(wèn)頻率。故選D。5．B【詳解】句意：——這輛自行車(chē)是誰(shuí)的？——它是我的?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。Who誰(shuí)；Whose誰(shuí)的；Who’s是誰(shuí)；Whom誰(shuí)。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“It’smine.”可知，此處詢問(wèn)自行車(chē)是誰(shuí)的，應(yīng)用Whose引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句。故選B。6．A【詳解】句意：——貝蒂，美國(guó)冬天的天氣怎么樣？——我們有寒冷的冬天和炎熱的夏天?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。What什么；How怎樣；Where哪里；Which哪一個(gè)。詢問(wèn)天氣可用句式：Whatistheweatherlike…?。故選A。7．A【詳解】句意：這是誰(shuí)的書(shū)，迪克的還是你的？考查特殊疑問(wèn)句。whose誰(shuí)的；what什么；which哪一個(gè)；who誰(shuí)。根據(jù)“Dick’soryours?”可知是問(wèn)這本書(shū)是誰(shuí)的，故選A。8．D【詳解】句意：我們?cè)鯓硬拍艿交疖?chē)站？考查特殊疑問(wèn)句。What什么；Why為什么；Where在哪里；How如何。根據(jù)“canwegettotherailwaystation?”可知是問(wèn)如何到達(dá)火車(chē)站，how符合句意。故選D。9．D【詳解】句意：——你好，戴爾。這個(gè)用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)？——它是一個(gè)橘子?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句的回答。根據(jù)“What’sthisinEnglish?”可知，對(duì)于What’sthis...?的回答，通常用It’s...；orange是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，且以元音音素開(kāi)頭，故要用不定冠詞an。故選D。10．C【詳解】句意：——你怎樣拼寫(xiě)“book”？——B-O-O-K?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。Where哪里；Why為什么；How怎樣；What什么。此處詢問(wèn)怎樣拼寫(xiě)單詞，應(yīng)用How提問(wèn)。故選C。11．A【詳解】句意：——你多大了？——我13歲?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。old年紀(jì)大的；much很多的；many很多的；do做。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“Iamthirteen.”可知，此處詢問(wèn)年齡，應(yīng)用Howold提問(wèn)。故選A。12．A【詳解】句意：——那支鋼筆是什么顏色的？——它是綠色的?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句固定句式。what什么；how如何；what’s是什么；green綠色。由“colour”可知，第一空用what，whatcolour詢問(wèn)什么顏色；顏色詞前不用冠詞。故選A。13．C【詳解】句意：你在哪個(gè)班？考查特殊疑問(wèn)句。where哪里；in在……里；what什么；on在……上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，介詞后面用what，這里的介詞用in。故選C。14．D【詳解】句意：那些毛衣是什么顏色的？考查特殊疑問(wèn)句。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，詢問(wèn)物品的顏色，常用whatcolor“什么顏色”。故選D。15．C【詳解】句意：——那些是什么？——它們是我們的外套?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。從答句“They’reourcoats.”可知，本題問(wèn)的是物，而不是問(wèn)人，故先排除B、D選項(xiàng)，又由答句中的They’re表示復(fù)數(shù)可知，C選項(xiàng)正確。需要注意的是：?jiǎn)柧渲械膖hese和those，在答句中都以they替代。故選C。16．B【詳解】句意：——她是誰(shuí)？——她是我的老師?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。What什么；Who誰(shuí)；How怎樣；Whose誰(shuí)的。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“She’smyteacher.”可知，此處對(duì)人提問(wèn)，應(yīng)用Who。故選B。17．B【詳解】句意：——他是誰(shuí)？——他的我的堂弟Tony?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。whose誰(shuí)的；who誰(shuí)；what什么；which哪一個(gè)。根據(jù)“He’smycousinTony”可知此處詢問(wèn)他是誰(shuí)，疑問(wèn)詞用who。故選B。18．A【詳解】句意：——你說(shuō)的那個(gè)女人是誰(shuí)？——我說(shuō)的是那個(gè)長(zhǎng)頭發(fā)的女人?？疾橐蓡?wèn)詞辨析。Which哪個(gè)；Who誰(shuí)；What什么；How如何。根據(jù)“Iwastalkingaboutthewomanwithlonghair.”可知，問(wèn)的是談?wù)摰氖悄膫€(gè)女人，用which引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句。故選A。19．D【詳解】句意：——他做什么的？——他是一名老師?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。teacher，可數(shù)名詞，老師；ateacher一名老師；teaching，名詞，教學(xué)；teaches，動(dòng)詞三單，教。根據(jù)“Whatishe?”可知，對(duì)職業(yè)進(jìn)行回答要用名詞，系動(dòng)詞是is，后跟名詞單數(shù)，故選D。20．B【詳解】句意：——那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)？——在綠色車(chē)?yán)锏哪莻€(gè)。哦，那是我叔叔湯姆?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。whose誰(shuí)的；who’s誰(shuí)是；whose’s誰(shuí)的是；whichis哪一個(gè)是。根據(jù)“Oh,that’smyuncle”可知，對(duì)人提問(wèn)用疑問(wèn)詞who，故選B。21．D【詳解】句意：——你通常讀多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的英語(yǔ)？——大約半小時(shí)。考查特殊疑問(wèn)詞詞義辨析。when什么時(shí)候；whattime幾點(diǎn)鐘；howmany多少，對(duì)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問(wèn)；howlong多長(zhǎng)，多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間/對(duì)物體長(zhǎng)度或時(shí)間段提問(wèn)。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“Abouthalfanhour.”可知，上文提問(wèn)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。故選D。22．B【詳解】句意：——他長(zhǎng)什么樣子？——他看起來(lái)很高很壯?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。Whatishe他是做什么的；Whatdoeshelooklike他長(zhǎng)什么樣子；Whatdoeshelike他喜歡什么；Whoishe他是誰(shuí)。答語(yǔ)“Helookstallandstrong.”指外貌，故用Whatdoeshelooklike?提問(wèn)。故選B。23．B【詳解】句意：——他們學(xué)校有多少間閱覽室？——兩間。考查特殊疑問(wèn)句。Howmuch“多少”，后接不可數(shù)名詞；Howmany“多少”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)“Therearetwo.”可知，問(wèn)句是詢問(wèn)閱覽室的數(shù)量；再根據(jù)“readingrooms”可知，應(yīng)用Howmany。故選B。24．B【詳解】句意：——你的同學(xué)約翰是什么樣的？——他很好。考查特殊疑問(wèn)詞。how怎樣；what什么；who誰(shuí)；which哪一個(gè)。句型whatbe...like表示“……如何”。故選B。25．C【詳解】句意：——鳥(niǎo)兒們?cè)谀膬耗兀俊麄冊(cè)跇?shù)的高處?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。How怎樣；What什么；Where哪里；Who誰(shuí)。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“They’rehighinthetree.”可知，應(yīng)是詢問(wèn)地點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用Where。故選C。26．A【詳解】句意：——媽媽，你為什么買(mǎi)這么多食物？——因?yàn)槟闶迨逡獊?lái)吃晚餐?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。Why為什么；When什么時(shí)候；Where哪里；How怎樣。答語(yǔ)“Becauseyouruncleiscomingfordinner”表原因，故用Why引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句。故選A。27．C【詳解】句意：——你認(rèn)識(shí)樹(shù)下的那個(gè)男孩嗎？——哪一個(gè)？考查特殊疑問(wèn)句。Who誰(shuí)；Whose誰(shuí)的；Which哪一個(gè)；When何時(shí)。根據(jù)“Doyouknowtheboyunderthetree?”和“...one?”可知，詢問(wèn)哪一個(gè)，故選C。28．C【詳解】句意：——她長(zhǎng)什么樣？——她又高又瘦?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。Sheisfine她很好；Sheiswell她是健康的；Sheistallandslim她又高又瘦；Sheplaystenniswell她網(wǎng)球打得很好。根據(jù)“Howdoesshelook?”可知，詢問(wèn)外貌，故選C。29．A【詳解】句意：——他們經(jīng)常怎么去上學(xué)？——騎自行車(chē)。考查特殊疑問(wèn)句。How如何；What什么；When何時(shí)；Where哪里。根據(jù)“Onthebike.”可知，詢問(wèn)上學(xué)的方式，故選A。30．A【詳解】句意：——這些是什么？——它們是爸爸的鞋子。考查特殊疑問(wèn)句。what什么；which哪一個(gè)；whose誰(shuí)的；where哪里。根據(jù)“They’reDad’sshoes”可知此處應(yīng)詢問(wèn)這些是什么東西，選項(xiàng)A符合。故選A。31．A【詳解】句意：向右拐，沿著秋芝街走?？疾槠硎咕?。此處是祈使句的肯定形式，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故選A。32．D【詳解】句意：——看這個(gè)標(biāo)志“禁止游泳”?！栽谶@里游泳一定很危險(xiǎn)?？疾榉穸ㄆ硎咕浜颓閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。否定祈使句有：Don’t/Never+動(dòng)詞原形；No+名詞/動(dòng)名詞。swimming是動(dòng)名詞，Noswimming“禁止游泳”。根據(jù)“Noswimming!”可知，禁止游泳說(shuō)明在此游泳一定很危險(xiǎn)，must“一定”表示推測(cè)。故選D。33．D【詳解】句意：不要單獨(dú)去那里，因?yàn)槟抢锖芪ｋU(xiǎn)?？疾槠硎咕?。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處是祈使句的否定形式，結(jié)構(gòu)為don’t+動(dòng)詞原形。故選D。34．A【詳解】句意：給我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我將會(huì)向你證明?？疾檫B詞。and并且，表并列；till直到；though雖然，表轉(zhuǎn)折；while當(dāng)……時(shí)。根據(jù)“Givemeachance”和“Iwillproveittoyou”可知，前后之間在句意上是承接關(guān)系，本句是“祈使句+and+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，所以用and連接。故選A。35．B【詳解】句意：——湯姆，不要上學(xué)再遲到了！——對(duì)不起，我不會(huì)再那樣做的?？疾槠硎咕涞姆穸ㄐ问?。belatefor“遲到”，此處是祈使句的否定形式，用don’t+動(dòng)詞原形，對(duì)于祈使句的回答，用will或won’t。故選B。36．A【詳解】句意：試一試，你會(huì)成功的?？疾檫B詞辨析。and和；or或者，否則；so因此；but但是。此處是“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，此處表示順承，用and表示“那么”。故選A。37．B【詳解】句意：不要爬山?？疾槠硎咕涞姆穸ㄐ问?。此處是祈使句的否定形式，結(jié)構(gòu)為Don’t+動(dòng)詞原形。故選B。38．D【詳解】句意：墻上有一塊牌子，上面寫(xiě)著“禁止拍照！”考查祈使句的否定。nophoto沒(méi)有照片；photo的復(fù)數(shù)為photo，Nophotoes表述錯(cuò)誤；Don’t后跟動(dòng)詞原形，Don’tphotos表述錯(cuò)誤；Nophotos禁止拍照?！癗o+v-ing!”或“No+名詞!”表示“不許做??????”，Nophotos!指“禁止拍照！”。故選D。39．C【詳解】句意為：——現(xiàn)在空氣多么清新??！——是啊，讓我們出去散步吧?？疾楦袊@句和祈使句。分析句子可知，感嘆句的中心詞為不可數(shù)名詞air，應(yīng)使用what引