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翻譯三級(jí)筆譯綜合能力2004年11月ⅠVocabularyandGrammarThissectionconsistsof3parts.Readthedirectionsforeac(江南博哥)hpartbeforeansweringthequestions.Part1VocabularySelectionInthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.
Shedidnot______stayingathomeasshehadsomesewingtodo.A.matterB.careC.objectD.mind正確答案:D[解析]詞義辨析。
A.matter要緊,有關(guān)系(是不及物動(dòng)詞,所以不適合用于此句);B.care介意,操心;但don'tcareaboutdoing表示“不想做某事,不介意做某事”(但中間不能省略about);C.object反對(duì),拒絕(強(qiáng)調(diào)口頭上不喜歡或不贊成,常伴有公開(kāi)反對(duì)的理由,常和介詞to搭配);D.mind介意,反對(duì)(通常用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件句中);don'tminddoingsth.不介意做某事;因此D是答案。
2.
Ishouldliketorentahouse,thatismodern,cozyand,______,inaconvenientplace.A.beforeallB.aboveallC.overallD.firstofall正確答案:B[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。
B.a(chǎn)boveall首先,首要(一般是指幾種并列成分中最重要的或最受關(guān)注的);C.overall遍及;D.firstofall首先(一般放在要依次羅列的事情的開(kāi)頭),所以B是答案。
3.
Leadingstressmanagementexpertssaythatlifewithstresswouldbedulland______.A.disorderlyB.time-consumingC.fruitlessD.unexciting正確答案:D[解析]詞義辨析。
A.disorderly混亂地,無(wú)秩序地;B,time-consuming花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間的;C.fruitless不結(jié)果實(shí)的,D.unexciting不令人興奮的;“充滿(mǎn)壓力的生活”當(dāng)然應(yīng)是“難以令人興奮及無(wú)趣的”了,所以答案為D。
4.
Martinhascreatedenoughmemorable______tomakeiteasytoforgivehislows.A.youngstersB.noblesC.highsD.miserables正確答案:C[解析]固定搭配。
high在此是名詞,表“高水平,高額數(shù)字,高潮”,在本句中與low構(gòu)成對(duì)比:成功之處與敗筆。
5.
Bascahas______hisfirstprizeattheIntelScienceTalentSearch,thepremiernationalhighschoolsciencecompetition.A.landedB.lentC.renderedD.brought正確答案:A[解析]詞義辨析。
land使登陸,使上岸,使處于;獲得,捕獲(常用于口語(yǔ))如:Helandedacontractforbuildingafactory.他得到了一個(gè)承建工廠的合同。lend借出,貸款,增添;render使……成為,報(bào)答;bring拿來(lái),取來(lái),帶來(lái),因此答案為A。
6.
Noonewas______intheaccident.A.injuredB.damagedC.woundedD.suffered正確答案:A[解析]近義辨析。
幾個(gè)詞均有受傷,傷害之意。injure著重指容貌、機(jī)能等的損壞,一般指在事故中受傷或指身體內(nèi)部受傷;damage毀壞,指對(duì)某物的損害,造成在價(jià)值、效用、外觀等方面的損失;wound指用外界暴力引起的身體“創(chuàng)傷”,特指在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中或其它災(zāi)害中受傷,一般指外傷;suffer表示受痛苦,患病時(shí)常用sufferfrom。因此A為答案。
7.
Johnishandsome______thescaronhisface.A.althoughB.evenifC.insteadofD.despite正確答案:D[解析]近義辨析。
A.a(chǎn)lthough(連詞)盡管,雖然(通常用在從句前)=inspiteofthefactthat;B.evenif(連詞)即使,盡管(evenif的從句中含有強(qiáng)烈的假定性);C.insteadof(介詞)代替……,而不;D.despite(介詞)盡管=inspiteof
(后面跟名詞或名詞性短語(yǔ));因此D為答案。
8.
Evenatanearlystagetheschoolfeltthatshe______agoodchanceofpassingherexams.A.stoodB.gainedC.possessedD.took正確答案:A[解析]固定搭配。
standa(good/fair)chanceofdoingsth.或standa(good/fair)chancetodosth.大有希望,有相當(dāng)把握;takeachance或takechances冒險(xiǎn)一試,碰運(yùn)氣,投機(jī);因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
9.
Orsonaccusedtheman______thetheft.A.forB.ofC.inD.on正確答案:B[解析]固定搭配。
accusesb.ofsth.指控,控告,職責(zé),因此B為答案。
10.
Ican'ttellthetimebecausethe______oftheclockhavebeenremoved.A.handsB.pointersC.armsD.fingers正確答案:A[解析]固定搭配。
(鐘表等的)指針一般用hand,如:thehourhand時(shí)針;theminutehand分針;thesecondhand秒針;因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
11.
Oneperson______10nowgoestoauniversityinthiscountry.A.ofB.overC.inD.from正確答案:C[解析]詞義辨析。
表示比率、數(shù)量時(shí)用in,如:Notoneintenoftheboyscouldspellwell.這些男孩中拼寫(xiě)正確的不到十分之一。of表示數(shù)量和種類(lèi),如:Thelorrycanholdthreetonsofcoal.這輛卡車(chē)可以裝3噸煤。over表示數(shù)目、程度“在……以上;超過(guò)”,如:over30books指30多本書(shū)。from(表示起點(diǎn))從;從……起,如:Shoesrangefromtwentyyuanapair.皮鞋售價(jià)每雙20元起。因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。
12.
Thisbookisfullofpractical______onhomerepair.A.helpsB.tipsC.aidsD.clues正確答案:B[解析]詞義辨析。
help和aid都表“幫助,援助”之意,help指積極幫助別人出主意,或給予精神、物質(zhì)上的幫助,強(qiáng)調(diào)受助者得到幫助或好處;但作表語(yǔ)時(shí),一般用helpful;aid提供物質(zhì),尤其是金錢(qián)上的幫助或援助:tip提示,技巧,點(diǎn)子,消息,如:Hegavesomegoodtipsongardening.他在園藝方面提出了一些好點(diǎn)子。clue線索;因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
13.
I'msotiredthatIcan'ttake______whatyou'resaying.A.upB.outC.inD.on正確答案:C[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。
takeup拿起,開(kāi)始從事,吸收;takeout拿出,出發(fā),取得,takein接受,吸收,理解,takeon披上,呈現(xiàn),承擔(dān),接納,因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。
14.
Hisfailure______greatdisappointmentstohisparents.A.forcedB.causedC.madeD.provided正確答案:B[解析]詞義辨析。
force強(qiáng)制,強(qiáng)加,推動(dòng),施加壓力:cause引起,惹起,促成;make制定,作出,賺錢(qián),獲得:provide供應(yīng),準(zhǔn)備,預(yù)防,規(guī)定;因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
15.
Thelittleboywascontinually______theornaments.A.trippingupB.fallingdownC.breakingupD.knockingover正確答案:D[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。
tripup絆倒,falldown倒下,跪拜,breakup打碎,分裂,結(jié)束,knockover打翻,弄倒,因此選項(xiàng)D為答案。
16.
Ifastarseemstobemovinginawavyline,we______itofbeingadoublestar.A.doubtB.believeC.guessD.suspect正確答案:D[解析]近義辨析。
doubt不相信,懷疑,不信任(指在意見(jiàn)或信念上不肯定、未決定或缺乏確信,多用作及物動(dòng)詞。在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中可用that引出從句,在肯定句中用whether或if引出從句):believe相信(某人所說(shuō)的話(huà)或某事是真的),其后可連用名詞、代詞、從句作賓語(yǔ),還可連用不定式結(jié)構(gòu):guess猜測(cè),推測(cè)(著重在沒(méi)有根據(jù)和事實(shí)之前,純粹憑個(gè)人想法猜測(cè),有瞎猜的意味,多用作及物動(dòng)詞,其后用名詞、代詞、從句、復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)等);suspect懷疑,猜想(懷疑某事是否存在/某人有錯(cuò)/某事物的真實(shí)性或可靠程度,但對(duì)所疑心的事情往往又缺乏或沒(méi)有證據(jù);其后除用名詞、代詞外,還用不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、從句,有時(shí)可用of短語(yǔ)作復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu));因此選項(xiàng)D為答案。
17.
Iwrotetomybankmanager,______togettingaloan.A.inthehopeB.onthequestionC.withtheaimD.withaview正確答案:D[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。
inthehopeof/inthehopethat盼望(通常沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性);withaviewto/of以……為目標(biāo),指望于:因此D為答案。
18.
Hisemotionalproblems______fromhisexperiencesasachild,Ithink.A.stemB.flourishC.rootD.sprout正確答案:A[解析]詞義辨析。
A.stem滋生,阻止,起源,發(fā)生:B.flourish茂盛,繁榮,處于活躍/旺盛時(shí)期:C.root生根,固定,根源在于(in),D.sprout萌芽,所以答案為A。
19.
______pollutioncontrolmeasuresareexpensive,manyindustrieshesitatetoadoptthem.A.AlthoughB.HoweverC.BecauseD.Onaccountof正確答案:C[解析]近義辨析。
although雖然(多用于正式文體,語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng),只用于表示事實(shí)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,敘述的是已成立的事實(shí)):however然而(較正式,雖與but意思相同,但比but弱,且把相反的概念放到極為次要的地位,因此常常用來(lái)做插入語(yǔ),還可較婉轉(zhuǎn)地引出最后決定或結(jié)論):because是從屬連詞,多表示所敘述的理由是本句的重點(diǎn),引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,onaccountof因?yàn)?,由?引導(dǎo)名詞形短語(yǔ),不能引導(dǎo)從句),所以C為答案。
20.
______ofrecentpoliticaldevelopments,hewastakenbysurpriseuponhisarrivalinthecapital.A.UnexpectedB.UnacquaintedC.UnawareD.Unknowing正確答案:C[解析]形近識(shí)別。
unexpected想不到的,意外的,突然的(形容詞),unacquainted不熟悉的,不知道的(形容詞):beunawareof不了解,不明白,沒(méi)注意;(unaware用作表語(yǔ)形容詞),如:beunawareofthetruth不明真相,unknowing不知道的,沒(méi)察覺(jué)的(of):因此C為答案。
Part2VocabularyReplacementThispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingthebasicmeaningofthesentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.
Thedoctorpreferredtoresignratherthanbeaccusedpubliclyofinfamousconduct.A.unknownB.extraordinaryC.mysteriousD.disgraceful正確答案:D[解析]形容詞辨析。
unknown不知道的,未知的;extraordinary非常的,特別的;mysterious神秘的:disgraceful可恥的,有損名譽(yù)的;infamous聲名狼藉的;所以D為答案。
2.
SinceJonasSalkcameupwithhispoliovaccine,infantileparalysishasvirtuallydisappearedfromtheUnitedStates.A.surfacedwithB.raisedthepriceofC.discoveredD.elevated正確答案:C[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。
comeupwith想出,提出,提供;raisethepriceof抬高……的價(jià)格:discover(首次)發(fā)現(xiàn),發(fā)覺(jué),找到;因此C為答案。
3.
Inthenineteenthcentury,poorEuropeansseekingtomaketheirfortunesturnedtoAmericaasamatterofcourse.A.automaticallyB.obviouslyC.traditionallyD.resignedly正確答案:A[解析]副詞辨析。
(as)amatterofcourse(當(dāng)作)理所當(dāng)然的事,必然的結(jié)果;automatically自動(dòng)地,機(jī)械地,不假思索地,必然發(fā)生的,obviously明顯地,顯而易見(jiàn)地;traditionally傳統(tǒng)上,傳說(shuō)上:resignedly聽(tīng)從地,服從地;因此答案為A。
4.
Nineteenth-centuryscholarstriedtotracetheoriginsofmodernlanguagestoancientHebrew.A.limitB.connectC.convertD.draw正確答案:B[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析。
trace追蹤,查找,追溯,探索,limit限制,限定:connect聯(lián)結(jié),把……聯(lián)系起來(lái),由……聯(lián)想到,convert使轉(zhuǎn)變;轉(zhuǎn)換,draw汲取,領(lǐng)取,引起:所以答案為B。
5.
Icyroadsandpoorvisibilityarefamiliarhazardsinthemidwest.A.chancesB.dangersC.conditionsD.occurrences正確答案:B[解析]名詞辨析。
hazard冒險(xiǎn),危險(xiǎn)(的事):chance機(jī)會(huì),可能性,運(yùn)氣:danger危險(xiǎn)(物),威脅,condition條件,情形,環(huán)境;occurrence發(fā)生,出現(xiàn),事件:所以B是答案。
6.
Foralltheirprotestations,theyheededthejudge'sruling.A.InspiteofB.OnbehalfofC.BecauseofD.Without正確答案:A[解析]詞語(yǔ)辨析。
for既可作介詞,又可作連詞:此句中的for作連詞,表示“盡管,雖然”。inspiteof不管,不顧:onbehalfof代表,becauseof因?yàn)?;without(表示條件)如果沒(méi)有,所以答案為A。注意:for作介詞時(shí),有表理由、原因的“因……的理由”之意。
7.
Thespaceshuttleprogramentailstheuseofsophisticatedtechnology.A.enhancesB.developsC.createsD.involves正確答案:D[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析。
entail(必然的)伴同……,需要,使人承擔(dān)(費(fèi)用等);如:Theprojectwouldentailahugeincreaseindefensespending.這項(xiàng)規(guī)劃需要大大增加國(guó)防費(fèi)用。enhance提高,增強(qiáng):develop發(fā)展,發(fā)達(dá),開(kāi)發(fā),培養(yǎng),create創(chuàng)作,創(chuàng)造,引起;involve牽涉,包含,需要,如:Winningthegameinvolvesbothskillandfortune.想贏得這場(chǎng)比賽,既要技巧也要運(yùn)氣。因此D為答案。
8.
Tomwasavidforlearningandimitatingandreadeverythinghecould.A.eagerB.surgingC.appreciativeD.vigorous正確答案:A[解析]形容詞辨析。
avid貪婪的,渴望的,如:Thelittlegirlisavidforpraise.這個(gè)小姑娘渴望受到夸獎(jiǎng)。eager熱心于,渴望著,如:eagerfor/afterknowledge渴求知識(shí):appreciative欣賞的,有欣賞力的,表示感激的,承認(rèn)有價(jià)值的;vigorous精力旺盛的,有力的,健壯的,因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
9.
Thecountrywillnolongerbeplaguedbyturmoil.A.constantchangeB.badweatherC.utterconfusionD.fuelshortages正確答案:C[解析]名詞辨析。
turmoil騷動(dòng);混亂,constantchange不斷的變化,badweather惡劣的天氣;utterconfusion十足的混亂,fuelshortages燃料短缺:因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。
10.
Asageneralrule,SeptemberistheworstmonthoftheyearforhurricanesintheGulf.A.NormallyB.OnrareoccasionsC.InvariablyD.Sometimes正確答案:A[解析]副詞辨析。
asageneralrule=ingeneral一般說(shuō)來(lái),大體上,通常:normally正常地,通常地;onoccasions偶爾,有時(shí),間或:invariably不變地,sometimes不是,有時(shí);因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
11.
Innovativeapproachestomanufacturing,coupledwiththetremendoussizeofthedomesticmarket,ledtotheemergenceoftheUnitedStatesasanindustrialgiant.A.followedbyB.derivingfromC.combinedwithD.mixedwith正確答案:C[解析]詞語(yǔ)辨析。
couplewith加上,外加,derivefrom得自,由來(lái),衍生;combinewith結(jié)合,聯(lián)合,合并,化合;因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。
12.
Laurelleavesarestillanemblemofvictory.A.asymbolB.aresultC.asuggestionD.aspoil正確答案:A[解析]名詞辨析。
emblem象征,徽章,符號(hào),symbol符號(hào),記號(hào),象征,result結(jié)果,成效,suggestion提議,意見(jiàn),暗示,spoil戰(zhàn)利品,掠奪物,因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
13.
TheNationalIndustrialRecoveryActwasdesignedtospurindustry.A.taxB.stimulateC.censureD.rebuke正確答案:B[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析。
spur鞭策,刺激,tax對(duì)……征稅,使負(fù)重?fù)?dān),stimulate刺激,激勵(lì),censure責(zé)難;rebuke斥責(zé),非難,因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
14.
WhentheErieCanalwasbuiltinthe1820's,itwastheengineeringmarvelofitstime.A.wonderB.disputeC.frustrationD.model正確答案:A[解析]名詞辨析。
marvel奇跡;wonder奇跡,驚奇;dispute爭(zhēng)論,辯論,爭(zhēng)吵;frustration挫敗,挫折,受挫,model樣式,模范,典型,因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
15.
MaryMcCarthy'ssatiresarecouchedintheprosestylethathasaclassicprecision.A.fusedB.prefacedC.standardizedD.expressed正確答案:D[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析。
couch表達(dá),隱含,措詞;如:Poetscouchtheirfeelinginbeautifullanguage,詩(shī)人用美麗的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)他們的感受。fuse熔合,使結(jié)合;preface為……寫(xiě)序言,作為……的開(kāi)端:standardize使符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn),使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化,express表達(dá),表示;如:Sheexpressedherappreciationfortheirgracioushospitality.她對(duì)他們的殷勤款待表示感謝。
Part3CorrectingGrammaticalErrorsThispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesanerror.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartsothattheerroriscorrected.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.
Whenhefailshisfinalexamination,heissureofauniversityplace.A.IfB.IncaseC.EvenwhenD.Evenif正確答案:D[解析]連詞應(yīng)用。
根據(jù)句意,劃線部分應(yīng)填一個(gè)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞,而if如果(引導(dǎo)條件從句),每當(dāng)……時(shí)(表因果關(guān)系),即使(if當(dāng)此意講時(shí),常用evenif);如:IfIamwrong,youarewrongtoo.即使我錯(cuò)了,你也對(duì)不了。incases在……的情況下,萬(wàn)一…,的話(huà),如:Incaseanythingimportanthappens,pleasecallmeup.萬(wàn)一發(fā)生什么重要事情,請(qǐng)打電話(huà)給我。evenif即使,縱使(evenif的從句中含有強(qiáng)烈的假定性);如:Evenifheispoor,sheloveshim.即使他很窮,她還是愛(ài)他。所以應(yīng)用選項(xiàng)D。
2.
Hesays,youmusttakeinthoseresponsibilities.A.takeawayB.takeonC.takeoutD.takeoff正確答案:B[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)搭配。
本句意為:他說(shuō),你必須承擔(dān)起這些責(zé)任。takeaway拿走,減去;takeon承擔(dān),從事,具有;takeout拿出,取出,除去;takeoff起飛,脫下,匆匆離去,取消;因此選項(xiàng)B是答案。
3.
Whentheybrokeopenthedoor,theyfoundastrangemanliedonthefloorunconscious.A.layB.laidC.lainD.lying正確答案:D[解析]副詞應(yīng)用。
根據(jù)本句內(nèi)容,劃線部分應(yīng)填部分是分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ);因此處賓補(bǔ)與賓語(yǔ)(astrangeman)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞,選項(xiàng)D是答案。
4.
IregrettohavenotpaidmoreattentiontoourEnglishlessonsatschool.A.notpayingB.nothavingpaidC.havenotpaidD.nottohavepaid正確答案:B[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
本句考察的是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的使用,句意為:我后悔上學(xué)時(shí)沒(méi)奸好學(xué)英語(yǔ)。“regret+動(dòng)名詞”表示“對(duì)過(guò)去做過(guò)事情的后悔”;“regret+不定式”
表示“對(duì)尚未做或正在做的事情的后悔”;選項(xiàng)C、D都不對(duì);另外在此,動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前,應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞的完成式,所以只有選項(xiàng)B正確。
5.
Withoutthemusic,thechildrenwouldhavenothadsomuchfun.A.wouldn'tbehavingB.wouldn'thavebeenC.wouldn'tbeD.wouldn'thavehad正確答案:D[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
當(dāng)有兩個(gè)以上的助動(dòng)詞時(shí),not跟在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞之后。介詞短語(yǔ)withoutthemusic可代替虛擬條件從句;本句表達(dá)的是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè),后面的主句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用would+have+過(guò)去分詞;因此選項(xiàng)D是答案。
6.
JohnandIhavejustbeentellingstoriestwoofus.A.ourselvesB.toeachotherC.eachofusD.both正確答案:B[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
根據(jù)本句的結(jié)構(gòu),劃線部分應(yīng)是充當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ);而有此功能的選項(xiàng)只有介詞短語(yǔ)toeachother。其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)ourselves,eachofus,和both在此均為代詞。
7.
HadIrunoutofgas,Ioughttohavecalledthegarage.A.hadB.wouldhaveC.wouldD.shouldhave正確答案:B[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
本句考察的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法:本句前面部分是表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件從句,后面的主句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用should/would/could/might+have+過(guò)去分詞;因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
8.
Icannotthankyouvery.muchforyourkindness,Iowemysuccesstoyou.A.soB.tooC.asD.enough正確答案:B[解析]習(xí)慣搭配。
cannot…too…是固定搭配,表示“再……也不為過(guò),越……越好”;答案為B。
9.
Don'tsethimtotalkingphilosophyorhe'llgoonallevening.A.offB.onC.atD.of正確答案:A[解析]習(xí)慣搭配。
setoff出發(fā),燃放,使……開(kāi)動(dòng),使(某人)開(kāi)始做某事;如:Whateveryousaywillsetheroffcrying.不管你說(shuō)什么都會(huì)使她哭泣。seton攻擊,教唆;因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
10.
Isupposethepartyendedinafriendlyatmosphere,isn'tit?A.don'tIB.doIC.diditD.didn'tit正確答案:D[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
本句考察的是反意疑問(wèn)句的用法:陳述句謂語(yǔ)用肯定形式,疑問(wèn)句謂語(yǔ)要用否定形式,因此選項(xiàng)B、C均不對(duì);陳述句強(qiáng)調(diào)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ended,所以反意疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)為didn'tit,選項(xiàng)D是答案。
11.
Scarcelyhadthevanturnedthecomerthanthemirrorcameoff.A.NomoreB.NosoonerC.NotanyD.Nolonger正確答案:B[解析]習(xí)慣搭配。
本句能與than搭配使用的選項(xiàng)只有A和B;而nomore…than意為“不過(guò),僅僅,同……一樣不”與題意不符;只有選項(xiàng)B.nosooner…than
(一……就)是正確答案。
12.
Wedon'tplantogototheconcert,andsotheydon't.A.sodotheyB.theydon'ttooC.neitherdon'ttheyD.theydon'teither正確答案:D[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
由and連接的這句話(huà)前半句是否定結(jié)構(gòu),后半句也要用否定結(jié)構(gòu);其形式有兩種:neitherdothey(用neither句子要倒裝)和theydon'teither.因此選項(xiàng)D為答案。
13.
Havingfinishedlunch,thecasewasdiscussed.A.theydiscussedthecaseB.theyhaddiscussedthecaseC.thecasewasdiscussedD.thecasehadbeendiscussed正確答案:A[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與句中主語(yǔ)一致。句中只能是they在discuss,分詞邏輯主語(yǔ)是they,句子主語(yǔ)也應(yīng)是they;所以選項(xiàng)C、D均不對(duì);而前半句用的是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前,所以選項(xiàng)A是答案。
14.
WhenHenryarrivedhomeafteraharddayatwork,hiswifewasslept.A.hiswifewassleepingB.hiswifesleptC.hiswifehassleptD.hiswifehasbeensleeping正確答案:A[解析]時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用。
本句中when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)作與主句中的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,此時(shí)主句應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí);時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí),主句應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):所以選項(xiàng)A是答案。
15.
Itwasnotuntilshearrivedattheclassroomsherealizedshehadforgottenhercoursebook.A.andsherealizedB.whichsherealizedC.thensherealizedD.thatsherealized正確答案:D[解析]習(xí)慣搭配。
此句用的是itwasnotuntil…that.這一固定搭配,如:ItwasnotuntilhetoldmethatIknewit.直到他告訴我,我才知道。
ⅡReadingComprehensionInthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwith4(A,B,CandD)choicestocompletethestatement.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.
Texanshaveburstingprideandloveattention.Theyalsohaveathickstreakofshortsightedgreedand,evenbyAmericanstandards,abusteddispositiontoviolence.WhentheyhearthissortofcriticismtheyusuallyascribeittotheignoranceandjealousyofstuffyYankeeswhohavenotspentenoughtimeinthestatetounderstandit.Forsuchavowedlyrobustpeopletheyaresurprisinglysensitive.TheyhatedEdnaFerber'snovelGiant,whichscourgedTexanvulgarity,racismandthemoresofmillionaires,buttheyboughtitingreatquantitiesandpackedcinemastoseethefilm.Theywouldratherbetalkedaboutthannot,andifyoudonottalkaboutthemtheydoitforyou.
Inclaimingspecialqualifiesforthemselves,Texanshavehadtobecomereconciledtothefactthatalargenumberofthemarenotnative.Inthelastcentury"GonetoTexas"wasacommonplacegraffitodaubedonbarnsinotherstates,andinrecentyears"GonetoTexas"has,figuratively,beenwrittenonthefrontdoorsofmillionsofAmericansandalsoMexicans.Intheearly1980snewcomersaccountedfornearlytwo-thirdsofthestate'spopulationincrease.ButTexansdonotbelievetheyarebeingdiluted.TheymaintainthatTexanhood,orTexianism,isamatterofattitudeandthatTexanicqualitiesexistinabundanceinmanyAmericans,regardlessoftheirbirthplace:itiswhenthesepeopleareplantedinTexas,andnourishedbyitsatmosphere,thattheyflowerliketrueTexans.AmanmaynotbeborninTexas,whichisunfortunate;buthecanbeborntobeTexan.
ManyAlaskansareurban,youngandraisingfamilies,hereforawhile,andtryingtomakemoneybeforemovingtosomewherewarmer.Butmanyarestaying.WhilemostremaininAnchorageandothercenters,somesetouttobuildacabininthewildernessandlivebyhunting,trappingandfishing,learninghowtoskinamuskratandmoose,howtosurviveterribleweather,howtobetrulyintunewiththeland,takingpleasureingreatsilenceandunpeopledimmensity.Tosettlethefrontierthestatehasahomesteadingprogram,basedonthefederalHomesteadActof1864,whichwasakeyeventintheopeningupoftheAmericanwest.HundredsofAlaskansareawardedparcelsofwildernesslandinanannuallotteryandundertaketoinvestsweatequity,tobuildahomewithinthreeyearsandclearandcultivatethelandwithinfive.AlaskanslovereadingaboutAlaska,andtwoofthemostpopularbooksareamanualonlogcabinbuildingandacollectionoftalesaboutgrizzlybears,ofwhichAlaskaisastronghold.Logcabinlifeisforthestout-heartedfewwiththespringsofadventurestronginthem,andthesewildernessAlaskansareremarkable.Somearerefugeesofonekindoranother.SeveralhundredareVietnamveterans,torturedbytheirexperiencesofwarandunabletofitintonormalurbanlife,seekingsolaceinthewilds.1.
WhichofthefollowingstatementscanbestdescribeTexans?A.Theyareaggressivelyself-confidentoftheirwisdom.B.Theyarebrutallycrudeinmakingalivingforthemselves.C.Theyareblindlyallergictonegativecommentsontheirweakness.D.Theyareopenlyandcrudelythin-skinnedaboutdiscriminationsagainstthem.正確答案:D[解析]
細(xì)節(jié)題型。
文章第一段第一、二句敘述了(美國(guó))得克薩斯州人的性格;隨后第三句中Whentheyhearthissortofcriticismtheyusuallyascribe(把……歸因于)ittotheignoranceandjealousyofstuffyYankeeswho...及第四句Forsuchavowedlyrobustpeopletheyaresurprisinglysensitive.談及得州人對(duì)于批評(píng)是敏感、易怒的,他們將對(duì)他們的批評(píng)之詞認(rèn)作是北佬的無(wú)知和妒嫉,……;因此選項(xiàng)D.“他們對(duì)人們給予他們的歧視十分敏感,公開(kāi)且粗魯?shù)乇硎緫嵟?openlyandcrudelythin-skinnedabout)”是答案。
2.
TheauthorinParagraph1describesTexansasaclassofpeoplewhoareA.ofamixtureofpersonalityconsistingofbothmoralityandimmoralityB.ofamixtureofnatureconsistingofbothprideandviolenceC.moresensitivetocriticismsoftheiruncivilizedconductsD.borntobesavageanduncivilizedpeople正確答案:B[解析]態(tài)度題型。
文章第一段第一、二句敘述了(美國(guó))得克薩斯州人的性格,從作者所用之詞:burstingprideandloveattention,shortsightedgreedandabusteddispositiontoviolence可看出他描繪得州人的天性是自尊與兇暴的混合,因此選項(xiàng)B是答案。
3.
WhichofthefollowingstatementscanbestsummarizetheimplicationsofParagraph2?A.TexansaresoconceitedthattheyblindlyandsubjectivelyconsidereverythingTexantobeinclusivelyTexan.B.TexanspridethemselvesonbeingsuperiortootherAmericanswhoarenotasrichasTexans.C.Texansthumbdownonallnon-nativesandregardthemasbeinglesseducatedandresourceful.D.Texansarecrudeinnature,savageinbehavior,andconceitedinpersonality.正確答案:D[解析]推斷題型。
從第二段第一句和倒數(shù)一、二句可看出得州人很為自己所擁有的特殊品性而自豪,但大部分的得州人并不是土生土長(zhǎng)的:可他們將“得州身份”或“得州主義”看成是存在于許多美國(guó)人品質(zhì)中的一種態(tài)度,不論他們的出生地在那兒,只要來(lái)到得州,他們就像真正的得州人一樣在這兒開(kāi)花結(jié)果。他們認(rèn)為自己沒(méi)生在得州是不幸的,但能生就成為一個(gè)得州人。因此選項(xiàng)A、B、C都與“得州人并不都是土生土長(zhǎng)主人”有抵觸,只有D.“得州人天性純樸,行為粗魯,個(gè)性自以為是”是答案。
4.
Accordingtotheauthor,AlaskansarecharacterizedbytheirdistinctiveanduniquewayoflifethatA.isembracedbybothastrongdesiretomakemoneyandspecialqualitiesforenjoyingpeaceB.takeshunting,fishingandlearninghowtoskinwildanimalsastheirmajoractivitiesC.ismadeupofboththeenjoymentofstayingindoorsandtheexplorationofanddoingthewildernessD.consistsofboththeloveofthemselvesandthelustforwealth正確答案:C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型。
從第三段中看出選項(xiàng)A、D完全不對(duì);而選項(xiàng)B說(shuō)“阿拉斯加人將打獵,釣魚(yú)、學(xué)習(xí)如何剝野獸的皮作為主要的活動(dòng)”也與原文不符,只有選項(xiàng)C?!鞍⒗辜尤伺c眾不同的獨(dú)特生活方式表現(xiàn)在他們既享受呆在戶(hù)內(nèi)的樂(lè)趣(見(jiàn)第三段第一句與第三句前半句)又喜歡在荒野上探險(xiǎn)與行事(見(jiàn)第三段第二句與第三句后半句)”正確。
5.
AlaskanslovereadingbooksaboutA.Alaskans'wayoflivingashuntersandaslogcabinbuildersB.Alaskans'keeninterestinlivinginthewildandtheabundanceinwildanimalsC.storiesaboutAlaskans'logcabinlifeandtheirabundanceofgrizzlybearsD.storiestellinghowAlaskanswerecultivatingthelandandbuildinglogcabins正確答案:B[解析]推斷題型。
從第三段第三句后半句看到一些阿拉斯加入takingpleasureingreatsilenceandunpeopledimmensity(以生活在荒無(wú)人煙的寂靜原野之中為樂(lè)事)和倒數(shù)第四句提到最流行的兩本書(shū)是建造小木屋的手冊(cè)和有關(guān)灰熊的傳奇故事集。因此推論出阿拉斯加人愛(ài)讀有關(guān)生活在廣袤原野及野生動(dòng)物的書(shū),選項(xiàng)B正確。
Caesarwasright.Thinpeopleneedwatching.I'vebeenwatchingthemformostofmyadultlife,andIdon'tlikewhatIsee.Whenthesenarrowfellowsspringatme,Iquivertomytoes.Thinpeoplecomeinallpersonalities,mostofthemmenacing.You'vegotyour"together"inperson,yourmechanicalthinperson,yourcondescendingthinpurism,yourtsk-tskthinperson,yourefficiency-expertthinperson.Allofthemaredangerous.
Inthefirstplace,thinpeoplearen'tfun.Theydon'tknowhowtogoofoff,atleastinthebest,fatsenseoftheword.They'vealwaysgottobeadoing.Givethemacoffeebreak,andthey'lljogaroundtheblock.Supplethemwithaquieteveningathome,andthey'llfixthescreendoorandlickS&Hgreenstamps.Theysaythingslike"therearen'tenoughhoursintheday".Fatpeopleneversaythat.Fatpeoplethinkthedayistoodamnlongalready.
Thinpeoplemakemetired.They'vegotspeedylittlemetabolismsthatcausethemtobustlebriskly.They'reforeverrubbingtheirbonyhandstogetherandeyeingnewproblemsto"tackle".Iliketosurroundmyselfwithsluggish,inert,easygoingfatpeople,thekindwhobelievethatifyoucleanituptoday,it'lljustgetdirtyagaintomorrow.
Somepeoplesaythebusinessaboutthejollyfatpersonisamyth,thatallofuschubbiesareneurotic,sick,sadpeople.Idisagree.Fatpeoplemaynotbechortlingalldaylong,butthey'reahellofalotnicerthanthewizenedandshriveled.Thinpeopleturnsurly,mean,andhardatayoungagebecausetheyneverlearnthevalueofahot-fudgesundaeforeasingtension.Thinpeopledon'tlikegooeysoftthingsbecausetheythemselvesareneithergooeynorsoft.Theyarecrunchyanddull,likecarrots.Theygostraighttotheheartofthematterwhilefatpeopleletthingsstayallblurryandhazyandvague,thewaythingsactuallyare.Thinpeoplewanttofacethetruth.Fatpeopleknowthereisnotruth.Oneofmythinfriendsisalwaysstaringatcomplex,unsolvableproblemsandsaying,"Thekeythingisfatpeopleneversaythat."Theyknowthereisn'tanysuchthingasthekeythingaboutanything.6.
Accordingtotheauthor,mostthinpeoplearedangerousbecauseA.theirpersonalitiesaremostlymadeupofdisgustingelementsB.mostoftheirpersonalitiescarrythreateningelementsC.theirpersonalitieslargelyendangerthelifeofotherpeopleD.theyhaveuncooperativeandunpleasantpersonalities正確答案:B[解析]
細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見(jiàn)文章第一段第四句:Thinpeoplecomeinallpersonalities,mostofthemmenacing(威脅的,險(xiǎn)惡的)和最后一句:Allofthemaredangerous.由此得出:瘦人的個(gè)性本身帶有威脅性的因素。
7.
Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestdescribethebehaviorofmostthinpeopleasascribedbythepassage?A.Thinpeoplecouldneverfindthemselveshavingenoughtimeforleisure.B.Thinpeopleareseldomunabletofindthemselveshavingnothingtodo.C.Thinpeopleareneverlazyindoingthingsuseful.D.Thinpeoplearefussilyannoyingandparticularlydisgusting.正確答案:B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見(jiàn)第二段第二,三句及倒數(shù)第三句:Theydon'tknowhowtogoofoff(吊兒郎當(dāng)?shù)毓ぷ?…They'vealwaysgottobeadoing(忙亂).Theysaythingslike“therearen'tenoughhoursintheday”.這些句子都說(shuō)明:瘦人很少有沒(méi)事兒干的時(shí)候,另外本段中的兩個(gè)例子也給出了進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。
8.
Accordingtothepassage,theauthorlikesbeingwiththose______.A.fatpeoplewhoareclumsyandslowinmovementandgetsfedupwiththosequickandsensitivethinpeopleB.thinpeoplewhoarealwaysenergeticandactiveandthosefatpeople,too,whoaresteadyinthemovestheytakeC.fatpeoplewhoareinactiveandeasilygetjadedbuthatestobeamongthosethinpeoplewhoareactiveandenergeticD.thinpeoplewhogetridofthingsquicklybutfeelssickofthosefatpeoplewhoareallthumbs正確答案:C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見(jiàn)第三段最后一句:Iliketosurroundmyselfwithsluggish(行動(dòng)遲緩的),inert(惰性的),easygoingfatpeople…及第二段最后兩句,因此選項(xiàng)C.“作者喜歡與怠惰且易感疲憊不堪的胖人在一起,而討厭與活躍且精力充沛的瘦人在一起”是答案。
9.
Whichofthefollowingstatementcanbestdistinguishbetweenfatandthinpeople?A.Fatpeoplearesullenandgloomywhereasthinpeoplearecheerfulwhoknownofatigue.B.Fatpeoplearelazyandclumsywhereasthinpeoplearediligentandcrafty.C.Fatpeoplearepracticallyreliablewhereasthinpeopleareseldomtrustworthy.D.Fatpeoplearealwaysfeelingjadedwhereasthinpeopleneverfeeltired.正確答案:B[解析]推斷題型。
閱讀全文發(fā)現(xiàn),選項(xiàng)A.“胖人是悶悶不樂(lè)與陰郁的而瘦人卻是愉快和不知疲倦的?!迸c選項(xiàng)C.“胖人實(shí)際上相當(dāng)可靠而瘦人幾乎無(wú)法信任?!迸c文章不符;而選項(xiàng)D.“胖人總是感到疲憊不堪而瘦人從不感到疲倦?!边^(guò)于絕對(duì),也不正確;只有選項(xiàng)B.“胖人懶散、笨拙而瘦人勤勉、靈巧?!笔谴鸢浮?蓮奈恼碌牡诙?、三、四段得到線索。
10.
Whenitcomestolookingatthings,fatpeopleandthinpeoplenevercometotermswitheachotherbecauseA.innaturethinpeoplehavelesssensationalinclinationthanmostfatpeoplewhoarealwaysatthemercyoffatB.inessencethinpeoplearelessemotionalandtouchythanfatpeoplewhoaretooimpulsiveC.innaturethinpeoplelookatthingsinrose-coloredspectacleswhereasfatpeoplealwaystakeadimviewoftheobjectsD.Inessencethinpeoplearetooquickonthetriggerwhereasfatpeopleareslowatpickingupsubtlethings正確答案:B[解析]推斷題型。
見(jiàn)文章最后一段分別用來(lái)形容胖人和瘦人的詞語(yǔ):胖人:neurotic(神經(jīng)質(zhì)的),sick(病怏怏的),sad;而瘦人:surly(陰沉的),mean,andhard(小氣的,難對(duì)付的),neithergooey(感傷的)norsoft;crunchy(利索)
anddull(無(wú)趣的),因此可推斷出瘦人基本上不像胖人那樣情緒化,他們比易沖動(dòng)的胖人難對(duì)付;因此選項(xiàng)B是答案。
Thefirstandmostimportantagentsofsocializationarethepeoplewhocareforinfants.Intheearliestmonths,messagesfromnurturersconstitutethechild'sbasicunderstandingoftheworldaroundit.Thisistheinfant'sfirstintroductiontothelanguagethatshapesperceptionandelicitsemotion.
Anotherpowerfulsourceofinformationandsocializationisthefriendshipofpeers.Peersareequalsthatonecandealwithonthesamelevelasoneself,whereasparentsaresuperiors.Theheavyemotionaloverlayoffamilyrelationshipsmakessomekinds,oflearningdifficult.
Muchformalsocializationisplacedinthehandsofprofessionals.Teachersfromkindergartenonarespecificallydesignatedagentsofsocialization.Ideally,ateacherisonewhohasbothknowledgeandtheskillstopresentit.Duringthecourseofteachingtheirsubjects,classroominstructorsprovide
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