山東省濰坊市高三上學期期中拉練測試英語試題（含答案解析）

高三英語期中考試模擬試題(一)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Cookathome. B.Exploreastreet. C.Eatout.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’mtootiredtocookathometonight.Whatwouldyouliketoeat?W:Well,Ireallywantpizza.andthere’salovelynewplaceinthehighstreet.It’squiteromantic,actually.M:Oh,you’veconvincedme.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whichdeskisthemangoingtobuy?A.Theonewithtwodrawers.B.Theonewiththreedrawers.C.Theonewithtwopenholders.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’mgettinganewdesk,andI’venarroweditdowntothesetwo.W:Ilikethethreedrawersinthebrownone.Thegreydeskonlyhastwo.Also,thebrownonehasapenholder.M:Well,Ithinkyou’reright.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthewomandescribehermove?A.Stressful. B.Smooth. C.Unexpected.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:How’sthebigmovecomingalong?It’sthisweekend,isn’tit?W:Don’tremindme!I’vestillgothundredsoflittlethingstotakecareofbeforelcangetoutofhere.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabank. B.Inabookstore. C.Inapostoffice.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:650...700...750dollarsandyourreceipt,sir.M:Whataboutmybankbook?W:We’llmailittoyou.Therearesomeadjustmentsweneedtomake.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Acourse. B.Aninstrument. C.Asport.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Youreallycan’tthrowverywell.Idon’tthinkyoucanbeontheteamunlessyouimprove.M:I’mafraidI’mverybadatplayingit.第二節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】6.Howdoesthewomansoundatfirst?A.Amused. B.Relieved. C.Surprised.7.WhatisEmilylikeaccordingtothewoman?A.Sheisreliable. B.Sheisplayful. C.Sheistroublesome.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:EmilygotintotroubleatschoolyesterdayW:No!You’rejoking?Whateverfor?M:Well,apparentlyshewasaccusedofbreakingawindow.W:No!Idon’tbelieveit.Whatdidshesay?M:Shedeniedit,ofcourse,andIthinktheheadmasterbelievedherstory.W:Well,ofcoursehedid.HowcouldanyonesuspectEmilyoflying?Shealwaysdisciplinesherselfandnevercausesanytrouble.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarepairshop.B.Inacarrentalcompany.C.Inaninsurancecompany.9.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?A.Giveuptherepairs. B.Borrowacar. C.Takeoutinsurance.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyoufiguredoutwhat’swrongwithit?M:Yes.Oneoftheenginepartsisbrokenandneedstobereplaced.Iorderedit,butitwilltakeafewdaystocomein.W:Oh,that’snogood.Ineedtousethecartogotoatradeshowthisweekend.M:Well,doyouhaveinsurance?Wehavesomeloanercarsthatyoucanusewhileyourcarisbeingrepaired.W:Yes,Ido.That’sgreat.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】10.WhywillHelenbeawayfromtown?A.Toattendawedding. B.TomeetAngelaFerrero. C.Towatchaconcert11.Whenwillthespeakersseetheperformance?A.OnJune18th. B.OnJune25th. C.OnJuly2nd.12.WhatdoesHelenwanttodo?A.PurchaseticketsimmediatelyB.Inviteco-workerstojoinher.C.Checkherworkemails.【答案】10.A11.C12.B【解析】【原文】M:Oh,Helen,AndyTorinoisperformingatOrchestraHallonJune18th.AndAngelaFerrero,onJune25th!W:I’dlovetoseeAndyTorino,butthatdatedoesn’twork.Myfriendisgettingmarriedthen,andI’llbeoutoftownfortheirceremony.M:Wait,letmecheck.Oh,itlookslikeAndyTorinowillbebackforonemorenightofjazztwoweekslater.Doyouwanttogothen?W:Letmecheckmyschedule.Ohyeah,that’sperfect.Let’scheckifanyoneelsefromourofficewouldliketogoandseetheconcert.I’llsendoutanemailrightnow.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】13.WhydidEasonworkasalivingstatueperformer?A.Tofulfillhisdream. B.Tosatisfyhiscuriosity. C.Tomakesomemoney.14.WhatdidEasondofortheWorldChampionships?AHepracticedseveralbodymovements.B.Hedesignedarealisticstoneappearance.C.Hestudiedpreviouschampionshipperformances.15.WhatdoesEasoncherishmostabouthisjob?A.Thepraisefromjudges.B.Theinteractionwithaudience.C.Theachievementincompetitions.16.WhatisthekeytobeingagoodlivingstatueaccordingtoEason?A.Physicalstrength. B.Creativeideas. C.Attractiveappearance.【答案】13C14.B15.B16.A【解析】【原文】W:Eason,couldyoutellushowyougotstartedasalivingstatueperformer?M:Well…itisnotactuallysomethinglplannedtodo.ItwasafunjobItookonwhileIwasatuniversitytoearnabitof’extramoneyandwhenIdiditactually,itturnedoutthatIwasquitegoodatit.W:Whatdoyouhavetodoasalivingstatue?M:Firstly,youshouldcomeupwithacreativeideaandthenyouhavetopracticeandfindtherightclothesandstuffanddothefullbodymake-up.W:YouwontheWorldLivingStatueChampionshipsrecently.Couldyoutellussomethingaboutthat?M:Um,fortheWorldChampionshipsIwasastonestatueandIpaintedinthosetinymarkssothatlookedlikeakindofold,almostfallingapartstatue,andIthinkthejudgesreallyappreciatedthat.W:Yep,Igetit.Sowhatisthepointofdoingthisjob?M:Thepointreallyistheconnectionyoumakewithyouraudience.Whenyoumakeatinymovementtheytendtoexplodewithlaughter.Andit’sthatinteractionbetweentheaudienceandtheperformerthat’sreallywhatit’sallabout.W:Andwhatisthesecretofbeingagoodlivingstatue?M:Firstly,nevertryandperformonanemptystomach.Ifyougethungry,youcanstarttofeellight-headed,soyoualwaysneedtoeatsomethingfirst.Well,goodstomachmusclesarekey,too.Youneedtohavethemtoholdthosepositions.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelibrary?A.ItwillclosedownoneyearlaterB.Itisopenduringpublicholidays.C.Ittypicallyoperates10hoursaday.18.Howmuchdoesacopycostlibraryuserswithoutacopiercard?A.10cents. B.20cents. C.60cents19.Whereshouldhistoryenthusiastsgo?A.Thefirstfloor. B.Thesecondfloor. C.Thethirdfloor.20.Whatissaidaboutthecomputeruseinthelibrary?A.Ithasnotimelimit. B.Itrequiresregistration. C.Itisfreeonlyforfirst-timeusers.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】W:Here’syournewlibrarycard.Itwillrunoutoneyearlaterfromtodayandallowyoutoborrowupto15bookspermonth.Thelibraryisopenfrom9a.m.to7p.m.everydayexceptSundaysandpublicholidays.Onthefirstfloor,you’llfindfiction,literature,biography,travelandlifestylebooks,gardeningbooks,andcookbooks.There’salsoaphotocopierforpublicuse.Copiescosttwentycentseach,butIrecommendyoubuyamonthlycopiercardfor$10,whichgivesyou60copiespermonthatareducedprice.Onthesecondfloor,you’”llfindtechnology,geography,sciencebooks,andchildren’sbooks.There’sasmallchildren’srecreationareathereaswell,andonSaturdays,weholdastoryreadingmorningforyoungkids.Thethirdfloorhashistory,maps,newspapers,journals,andartsandhumanitiesbooks.WehavecomputerswithInternetaccessonthefourthfloor.Thecomputersarefreetouse,butthere’satwo-hourlimit.It’sfirst-come,first-served.Justputyournamedownonthelistifyouwanttouseone.Ifyouwanttouseyourowncomputerinthelibrary,wehavefreewirelessaccessaswell.That’saboutit.Doyouhaveanyquestions?第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAdventure.Newexperiences.Interestingpeople.Readaboutotherpeople’sexcitingtravelsaroundtheworldwiththesethreebooks.IsThatBikeDiesel,Mate?:Oneman,onebikeandthefirstLapAroundAustraliaonUsedCookingOilbyPaulCarterTherearelotsofwaystotravelaroundAustralia.Youcoulddoitbyplane,trainorcar.ButauthorPaulCarterdecidedtotourthecountryonahomemademotorcyclethatrunsoncookingoil.Why?theauthorworkedintheoilindustryformanyyears,andwaskeentoexplorealternativefuels.So,heboughttheunusualbikefromagroupofAustralianuniversitystudents(whohadbuiltitthemselves)andsetoff.Onroute,hehaslotsofamusingexperiences.Healmostdiesinacrashandheevenattemptstobreakthelandspeedrecordforamotorbikerunning.YouAreAwful(ButILikeYou)TravelsThroughUnlovedBritainbyTimMooreTravelwritersusuallygotothebestdestinations.ButnotTimMoore.Inthebook,TimtravelstotheworstplacesintheUK.Followhimasheheadsto“thebleakesttowns,theworsthotelsandthescariestpubs”.Andtomakemattersworse,hedoesitinthemiddleofwinter.“MyprimarychallengewastohaveagoodtimeinplacesthateveryonehadsaidIwouldn’t,”saidtheauthor.AndhedoesmeetlotsofquirkycharactersanddiscoversthatevenBritain’sugliestpartshaveaninnerbeauty.Coasting:APrivateVoyagebyJonathanRabanIn1982,authorJonathanRabanboughtaboatandnavigatedBritain.Andthisisthebookabouthisadventure.Alongthewayhegetscaughtinafewstorms,exploresseasidetownsandeventakeshisagingparentsalongforpartofthejourney.Rabanalsouseshistimeatseatothinkabouthow1980sBritainischangingunderPrimeMinisterMargaretThatcher.21.WhatisspecialofPaulCarter’stravel?A.Hebreaksthelandspeedrecord.B.Heusesanunconventionalfuel.C.Hisagingparentsaccompanieshim.D.Hismotorcyclealmostdiesinacrash.22.WhatchallengedoesTimMoorefacewhiletravelingintheUK?A.Searchingforalternativefuels.B.Survivingheavystormsatsea.C.Enduringthefreezingcoldinwinter.D.Enjoyinghimselfinunattractiveplaces.23.Whatdothethreebookshaveincommon?A.Theysharepracticaltraveladvicefortourists.B.Theycomparedifferentmodesoftransportation.C.Theyexploreuniqueandchallengingtravelexperiences.D.Theyofferalternativefuelsourcesandtheirapplications.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。主要介紹的是三本關于其他人激動人心的獨特的環(huán)球旅行的書籍。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IsThatBikeDiesel,Mate?:Oneman,onebikeandthefirstLapAroundAustraliaonUsedCookingOilbyPaulCarter部分的“TherearelotsofwaystotravelaroundAustralia.Youcoulddoitbyplane,trainorcar.ButauthorPaulCarterdecidedtotourthecountryonahomemademotorcyclethatrunsoncookingoil.(在澳大利亞有很多種旅行方式。你可以乘飛機、火車或汽車去。但作家保羅·卡特決定騎一輛用食用油驅動的自制摩托車環(huán)游這個國家。)”可知，作家保羅·卡特不是使用一輛用食用油驅動的自制摩托車環(huán)游，由此可知，保羅·卡特旅行的特別之處在于他使用一種非常規(guī)燃料旅行的。故選B項。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YouAreAwful(ButILikeYou)TravelsThroughUnlovedBritainbyTimMoore部分的“Followhimasheheadsto“thebleakesttowns,theworsthotelsandthescariestpubs”.Andtomakemattersworse,hedoesitinthemiddleofwinter.“MyprimarychallengewastohaveagoodtimeinplacesthateveryonehadsaidIwouldn’t,”saidtheauthor.(跟隨他前往“最荒涼的城鎮(zhèn)，最糟糕的酒店和最可怕的酒吧”。更糟糕的是，他還在大冬天這么做。“我的主要挑戰(zhàn)是在每個人都說我不會去的地方玩得開心，”作者說。)”可知，TimMoore在最糟糕的天氣里去最糟糕的目的地旅行，去人們認為他玩的不會開心的地方尋求快樂，由此可知，TimMoore在英國旅行時遇到的挑戰(zhàn)是在沒有吸引力的地方自得其樂。故選D項。【23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段“Adventure.Newexperiences.Interestingpeople.Readaboutotherpeople’sexcitingtravelsaroundtheworldwiththesethreebooks.(冒險。新體驗。有趣的人。閱讀這三本書，了解其他人令人興奮的世界旅行。)”以及對三本與冒險、新體驗和有趣的人相關的書中介紹的獨特的世界旅行可知，這三本書的共同點是他們探索獨特而富有挑戰(zhàn)性的旅行體驗。故選C項。BFor15yearsIreadthebooks,tookthecoursesanddownloadedtheappstotrytobecomeabetterperson.Nevertheless,noneofithelped.Iwasinmymid-20swhenIfellintooneofthemosttoxicrelationshipsofmylife.Irememberbuyingmyfirstself-helpbook,whichpromisedIcouldbehealedofanything.Idevoureditindaysandwashooked.Overthenext15years,Iboughthundredsofself-helpbooks,coursesandapps,andtrackeddowneveryself-styledpersonalimprovementexpertinthehopethattheycouldteachmehowtobecomehappier,moreconfidentandmorelovable.Growingupinanenvironmentofaddictionanddomesticconflictmademevulnerabletotheindustry’spromisesofself-improvement.Ibelievedself-helpauthorscouldbetheinstructorsIhadneverfound.Mydependencybecamestrongaftermyfatherdiedin2022.Imanagedtospendanenormousamountoftimereadingabouthowtogrievewellinsteadofdoingtherightthings:sittingwithmyfeelings,allowingmyselftocryandprocessingtheloss.Myobsession(癡迷)withself-helphadbecometoxic,andsomethinghadtogive.Itstartedtodawnonmethatinsteadofhelpingme,theadvicewasmakingmefeelworse.Italkedwithalovedoneandrecognizedthatintryingtochangemylife,Iwastryingtochangethingsthatwereoutofmycontrol.InsteadoffocusingonwhoIwantedtobecome,Ihadtoquitself-helptolearnandacceptwhoIreallywas.Spendingtimealone,oftenwalking,andlisteningtomythoughtswithouttryingtosilenceorchangethemhelped.SinceIquitmyself-helpcane,I’verealizedthatfocusingallmyenergyonimprovingmyselfcanreallysuckthejoyoutoflife.Itmakeshappinessconditional:onlywhenIlookthatwaycanIbeloved.Itcanalsostopmefromunconditionallyacceptingmyimperfectlyperfectself.Afteralongtime,IamfinallycomingroundtotheideathatperhapsIneverneededfixingatall.24.Whydidtheauthorbecomeobsessedwithself-helpmaterials?A.Toescapefromherfamily.B.Toovercomepersonalfailures.C.Tolookforawaytokilltime.D.Tofindguidestobetterherself.25.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromPara.4?A.Sheoftenquarreledwithhersiblingsinchildhood.B.Shebecamestrongerafterherfatherpassedaway.C.Herupbringingenvironmentgreatlyinfluencedher.D.Herlongtimeofreadinghelpedheroutoffeelingbad.26.Whatcausedtheauthortoquitherobsession?A.Thedeathofherfather.B.Aconversationwithalovedone.C.Thesuggestionfromaninstructor.D.Anapponself-improvement.27.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthetext?A.Embracingthetrueself.B.Focusingonthestrengths.C.Seekingprofessionaladvice.D.Cultivatingthepositivethinking.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者從癡迷于自助書籍到逐漸接受自己而放棄自助書籍的過程?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Overthenext15years,Iboughthundredsofself-helpbooks,coursesandapps,andtrackeddowneveryself-styledpersonalimprovementexpertinthehopethattheycouldteachmehowtobecomehappier,moreconfidentandmorelovable.”（在接下來的15年里，我買了數(shù)百本自助書籍、課程和應用程序，并追蹤了每一位自稱為個人進步專家的人，希望他們能教我如何變得更快樂、更自信、更可愛。）可知，作者熱衷于自助材料是為了尋找能讓自己變得更好的指導，故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Growingupinanenvironmentofaddictionanddomesticconflictmademevulnerabletotheindustry’spromisesofself-improvement.”（在成癮和家庭沖突的環(huán)境中長大，讓我很容易受到行業(yè)自我提升承諾的影響。）可知，作者的成長環(huán)境對她影響極大。故選C。【26題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Italkedwithalovedoneandrecognizedthatintryingtochangemylife,Iwastryingtochangethingsthatwereoutofmycontrol.”（我和我愛的人交談，認識到在試圖改變我的生活時，我是在試圖改變那些我無法控制的事情。）可知，一位親人的交流讓她意識到自己的問題所在，進而放棄了對自助的癡迷，故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“InsteadoffocusingonwhoIwantedtobecome,Ihadtoquitself-helptolearnandacceptwhoIreallywas.”（我沒有專注于我想成為什么樣的人，我不得不放棄自助，去學習和接受真正的我）和最后一段“Afteralongtime,IamfinallycomingroundtotheideathatperhapsIneverneededfixingatall.”（過了很長一段時間，我終于意識到，也許我根本不需要改變）可以看出，作者想傳達的思想是接納真實的自我，故選A。CTheoceancoversalmostthree-quartersoftheplanet.Werealltheplanet’swaterplacedovertheUnitedStates,itwouldformacolumnofliquid132kmtall.Theoceanprovides3bnpeoplewithalmostafifthoftheirprotein(makingfishabiggersourceofthestuffthanbeef).Climateandweathersystemsdependonthetemperaturepatternsoftheoceananditsinteractionswiththeatmosphere.Ifanythingoughttobetoobigtofail,itistheocean.Humanshavelongassumedthattheocean’ssizeallowedthemtoputanythingtheywantedintoitandtotakeanythingtheywantedout.However,changingtemperaturesandchemistry,overfishingandpollutionhavestresseditsecosystemsfordecades.Theoceanstoresmorethannine-tenthsoftheheattrappedonEarthbygreenhouse-gasemissions.Consequently,coralreefsaresuffering.Scientistsexpectalmostallcoralstobegoneby2050.Bythemiddleofthecenturytheoceancouldcontainmoreplasticthanfishbyweight.Grounddownintotinypieces,itiseatenbyfishandthenbypeople,withuncertaineffectsonhumanhealth.Nevertheless,appetiteforfishgrows:almost90%ofstocksarefishedeitheratorbeyondtheirsustainablelimits.Theoceannurtureshumanity.Humanitytreatsitwithcontempt.Suchself-destructivebehaviordemandsexplanation.Unarguably,theoceanbeingsubjecttoaseriesoflawsandagreements,enforcementishard.Apartfromthis,tworeasonsstandout.Oneisgeography.Thebulkoftheoceanisbeyondthehorizonandbelowthewaterline.Thedamagebeingdonetoitshealthisvisibleinafewliminalplaces.Butforthemostpart,theseaisoutofsightandoutofmind.ItistellingthatthereisonlyasinglefleetingreferencetotheoceanintheParisagreementonclimatechange.Second,theoceanisavictimofotherbiggerprocesses.Theemissionofgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphereischangingthemarineenvironmentalongwiththerestoftheplanet.Theoceanhaswarmedby0.7℃sincethe19thcentury,damagingcoralsandencouragingorganismstomigratetowardsthepolesforcoolerwaters.Greaterconcentrationsofcarbondioxideinthewateraremakingitmoreacidic,harmingcreaturessuchascrabsandoysters,whosecalciumcarbonateshellssufferasmarinechemistryalters.28.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.Thevastnessoftheocean.B.Thesignificanceoftheocean.C.Theecosystemoftheocean.D.Theclimateoftheocean.29.Howdoestheauthorconveyhismessageinparagraph3?A.Bylistingcurrentproblems.B.Byprovidingresearchdata.C.Bycitingexpertopinions.D.Bycomparingdifferentecosystems.30.Whydoestheauthormention“theParisagreementonclimatechange”inparagraph4?A.Toshowpeopleoftendisobeyit.B.Totelluspeopleseldomrefertoit.C.Toremindustheoceanisvitaltoman.D.Toproveoceanprotectionisoverlooked.31.Whatwilltheauthorprobablywritenext?AHowtotapintotheocean.B.Howtoresearchintotheocean.C.Howtorisetothechallengesoftheocean.D.Howtoraisepeople’senvironmentalawareness.【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是海洋對人類的意義重大，但海洋之大，讓人們誤以為她的資源取之不盡用之不竭，人類對海洋資源無窮無盡的索取讓她面臨嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)?！?8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中“Theoceanprovides3bnpeoplewithalmostafifthoftheirprotein(makingfishabiggersourceofthestuffthanbeef).Climateandweathersystemsdependonthetemperaturepatternsoftheoceananditsinteractionswiththeatmosphere.Ifanythingoughttobetoobigtofail,itistheocean.(海洋為30億人口提供了近五分之一的蛋白質(使魚類成為比牛肉更大的蛋白質來源)。氣候和天氣系統(tǒng)取決于海洋的溫度模式及其與大氣的相互作用。如果有什么東西應該大到不能倒，那就是海洋。)”可知，此處介紹了海洋對民生的重要性以及海洋對環(huán)境的重要性，由此可知，第一段主要介紹的是海洋的重要性。故選B項。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theoceanstoresmorethannine-tenthsoftheheattrappedonEarthbygreenhouse-gasemissions.(海洋儲存了地球上因溫室氣體排放而滯留的十分之九以上的熱量。)”可知，海洋儲存著滯留在地球上十分之九以上的熱量，結合下文中的“Bythemiddleofthecenturytheoceancouldcontainmoreplasticthanfishbyweight.Grounddownintotinypieces,itiseatenbyfishandthenbypeople,withuncertaineffectsonhumanhealth.(到本世紀中期，海洋里的塑料重量將超過魚類的重量。這些塑料在海水沖刷下磨成細小的碎片，被魚類吃掉，進而被人類所食，這對人類的健康會造成不確定的影響。)”可知，本段列舉了海洋面臨的問題：存儲因溫室氣體排放而滯留在地球的熱量以及海洋的塑料污染問題，由此可知，作者是通過列舉海洋面臨的問題來表達信息的。故選A項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Suchself-destructivebehaviordemandsexplanation.Unarguably,theoceanbeingsubjecttoaseriesoflawsandagreements,enforcementishard.(這種自我毀滅的行為需要解釋。無可爭議的是，海洋受到一系列法律和協(xié)議的約束，執(zhí)行起來很困難。)”以及下文中的“ItistellingthatthereisonlyasinglefleetingreferencetotheoceanintheParisagreementonclimatechange.(在關于氣候變化的《巴黎協(xié)定》中，對海洋只有一次短暫的提及，這很能說明問題。)”可知，作者在段首點明海洋受到一系列法律和協(xié)議的約束，但是執(zhí)行起來很難，進而在尾句中提到關于氣候變化的《巴黎協(xié)定》的執(zhí)行情況，由此可知，作者提及《巴黎協(xié)議》是為了證明海洋保護是被忽視的。故選D項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段“Theoceancoversalmostthree-quartersoftheplanet.Werealltheplanet’swaterplacedovertheUnitedStates,itwouldformacolumnofliquid132kmtall.Theoceanprovides3bnpeoplewithalmostafifthoftheirprotein(makingfishabiggersourceofthestuffthanbeef).Climateandweathersystemsdependonthetemperaturepatternsoftheoceananditsinteractionswiththeatmosphere.Ifanythingoughttobetoobigtofail,itistheocean.(海洋占地球表面的四分之三。如果將地球上的所有海水放置在美國上空，將形成一個132公里高的圓柱。海洋向30億人口提供了五分之一的蛋白質（魚類提供的蛋白質超過了牛肉）。氣候和天氣系統(tǒng)依賴海洋的溫度模式以及和大氣的交互。如果有什么東西“因為太大而不能倒”的話，那就應該是海洋。)”可知，本文在分析海洋面臨的問題時，先寫了海洋的重要性：海洋之大、海洋對民生的重要性、海洋對環(huán)境的重要性，進而在下文描述海洋面臨的問題：資源問題、環(huán)境問題，這樣更能引起人們的關注與警覺，由此可推斷，海洋對人類如此重要，而當前又面臨著如何多的問題，所以，接下來作者應該介紹的是如何應對海洋的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項。DInhighereducation,wheremeritocracy(任人唯賢)andobjectivityarehighlyvalued,onemightassumethatthealphabeticalorderofstudents’surnamesplaysnoroleindeterminingtheiracademicsuccess.However,recentresearchsuggestsotherwise.AstudyconductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofMichigan,analyzingover30milliongradingrecords,revealsasurprisingfinding:studentswithsurnamesthatappearearlierinthealphabettendtoreceivehighergradescomparedtotheircounterpartswithlateralphabeticalplacements.ThisbiasisparticularlystrikinginlargeclassesorcourseswhereassignmentsaresubmitteddigitallythroughplatformslikeCanvas,awidelyusedonlinelearningmanagementsystem.Systemslikethistypicallyarrangestudentsubmissionsalphabeticallybydefault(系統(tǒng)默認).Asaresult,studentswithsurnamestowardstheendofthealphabet,suchasthosestartingwithYorZ,tendtoreceivelowergradesonaveragecomparedtotheirpeerswithsurnamesfromthebeginningofthealphabet.Thisphenomenonisattributedtoaneffectknownas“sequentialgradingbias”,whichreferstoanunintentionaladvantageordisadvantagethatstudentsmayfaceduetotheorderinwhichtheirworkisevaluated.Forexample,jobinterviewcandidateswhoareinterviewedlaterinthedaymayberatedmoreharshlycomparedtothosewhowentearlier.Inthecontextofalphabeticalordering,instructorsoftenbegingradingfromthetopofthelist,wheresurnamesstartingwithletterslikeAorBappear.Thisinitialadvantagecanunintentionallyinfluencegradingpatterns,whereearlypapersmightreceivemorefavorableassessmentscomparedtothoseevaluatedlater.However,theexamsthataregradedinthereverseorderinwhichtheyaresubmittedmayshowanoppositetrend.Educationalinstitutionsandpolicymakersareencouragedtoexplorealternativegradingstrategiesthatmitigatealphabeticalbiases.Suggestionsincluderandomizedgradingorders,namelesssubmissions,ordeliberateeffortstocounteractfirstimpressionsthroughdiverseevaluationcriteria.Byaddressingthesebiasesproactively,institutionscanfosterfairerandmoreinclusivelearningenvironmentswherestudentperformanceisevaluatedimpartiallybasedonmeritratherthansurnameplacement.32.WhydoestheauthormentionCanvasinthecontextofthestudy?A.Topromotetheuseofdigitalplatformsforacademicpurposes.B.Tohighlightthepopularityofonlinelearningmanagementsystems.C.Toemphasizetheimpactofdigitallearningplatformsongradingbiases.D.Todemonstratethediversegradingstandardsofdigitallearningplatforms.33.Inthelastparagraph,whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”mean?A.Complicate.B.Simplify.C.Fuel.D.Reduce.34.Accordingtothetext,onesuggestedalternativegradingstrategyshouldbebasedon_________.A.thestudent’ssurnameB.randomgradingsequenceC.randomfirstimpressionD.thestudent’ssubmissiontime35.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A.InequalityIssuesviaDigitalLearningSystemsB.StrategiesforOvercomingBiasinGradingSystemsC.UnintendedConsequencesofAlphabeticalGradingD.TheCauseofSequentialGradingonStudentPerformance【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。研究人員驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)：與按字母順序排列較晚的學生相比，姓氏在字母表中出現(xiàn)較早的學生往往獲得更高的成績?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第二段“ThisbiasisparticularlystrikinginlargeclassesorcourseswhereassignmentsaresubmitteddigitallythroughplatformslikeCanvas,awidelyusedonlinelearningmanagementsystem.Systemslikethistypicallyarrangestudentsubmissionsalphabeticallybydefault(系統(tǒng)默認).Asaresult,studentswithsurnamestowardstheendofthealphabet,suchasthosestartingwithYorZ,tendtoreceivelowergradesonaverage(這種偏見在通過Canvas等廣泛使用的在線學習管理系統(tǒng)以數(shù)字方式提交作業(yè)的大班或課程中尤為明顯。默認情況下，這樣的系統(tǒng)通常按字母順序排列學生提交的內容。因此，姓氏在字母表末尾的學生，如以Y或Z開頭的學生，平均成績往往較低)”可知，作者在研究中提到了Canvas，以強調數(shù)字學習平臺對評分偏差的影響。故選C項?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。由最后一段“Educationalinstitutionsandpolicymakersareencouragedtoexplorealternativegradingstrategiesthatmitigatealphabeticalbiases.(鼓勵教育機構和政策制定者探索字母偏差的替代評分策略。)”以及上文可知，現(xiàn)在在線學習管理系統(tǒng)存在評分偏差問題，所以這里希望有新的平臺可以“減少”這種字母偏差。所以猜測mitigate表“減少”的意思。故選D項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段“Suggestionsincluderandomizedgradingorders,namelesssubmissions,ordeliberateeffortstocounteractfirstimpressionsthroughdiverseevaluationcriteria.(建議包括隨機評分順序、匿名提交或通過不同的評估標準刻意抵消第一印象。)”可知，一種對現(xiàn)在評分策略替代的建議是按照隨機序列評分。故選B項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。由第二段“AstudyconductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofMichigan,analyzingover30milliongradingrecords,revealsasurprisingfinding:studentswithsurnamesthatappearearlierinthealphabettendtoreceivehighergradescomparedtotheircounterpartswithlateralphabeticalplacements.(密歇根大學的研究人員進行的一項研究分析了3000多萬條評分記錄，揭示了一個令人驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)：與按字母順序排列較晚的學生相比，姓氏在字母表中出現(xiàn)較早的學生往往獲得更高的成績。)”以及上下文可知，文章主要講研究人員驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)與按字母順序排列較晚的學生相比，姓氏在字母表中出現(xiàn)較早的學生往往獲得更高的成績。所以C項UnintendedConsequencesofAlphabeticalGrading(按字母順序評分的意外結果)符合文意。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Lifeisfilledwithnumerousvictoriesanddownfalls;whatmattersishowyoutackleeachsituation.Whetheritisyourschoolingoraseriouslifestruggle,wemustlearntoturnthepageandchangeourlifeforthebetter.____36____Youmightfindyourselfinadeadend.____37____Thiswillhelpyoumarkyourfuturedecisions.Everythingthatyoufaceduntilnowwasjustapartoftheproblemandeverythingthatcomesafterthelinewillbepartofthesolution.Don’ttakethewholethingassuffering;instead,itisalearningexperience.Makesurethatyouwon’tletanythingholdyoubackandwilltrytobebettereachday.Whenhandlingatoughsituation,youmayneedsomeextrahelp.Connectwithpeoplethathavegonethroughthesametrialsasyouhave.During