2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit3Sportsandfitness教學知識細解碼學案新人教版必修第一冊

PAGE1-Unit3Sportsandfitness1．fitvt.&vi.合身；適合adj.健康的；合適的→fitness2．hostvt.主辦；主持n.主子；東道主；節(jié)目主持人→hostessn．女主子；女老板；女服務(wù)員3．gymn．健康房；體育館→gymnasticsn．體操(訓練)4．honourn．榮譽；敬重；榮幸→honourableadj.光榮的；高尚的5．championn．冠軍；優(yōu)勝者→championshipn．錦標賽；冠軍賽；冠軍稱號6．determinevt.確定；判決→determinationn．決心；確定→determinedadj.堅決的；下定決心的7．injurevt.使受傷；損害→injuredadj.受傷的；有傷的→injuryn．損害；損傷8．gracen．優(yōu)雅；恩惠；魅力→gracefuladj.美麗的；優(yōu)雅的9．strengthn．力氣；體力→strongadj.強壯的→strengthenvt.加強；鞏固10．failv．失??；不及格→failuren．失??；失敗的人(或事物)1．workout熬煉；計算出；解決；制訂出①Iworkoutregularlytokeepfit.熬煉②Youhavetoworkoutaplanasquicklyaspossible.制訂出③Youcanworkouttheanswerbyaddingallthenumbers.計算出④Tomcameupwithawaytoworkoutthephysicalproblem.解決2．makeit獲得成功；準時到達；出現(xiàn)①Shemadeitinfilmswhenshewasstillateenager.獲得成功②Wejustmadeitintimeforthewedding.準時到達③Ican'tmakeitonFriday.出現(xiàn)；到場3．eventn．競賽項目；重大事情；公開活動①Themostattractiveeventinthesportsmeetwasthegymnasticscompetition.競賽項目②Manyjournalistshavebeensenttoreporttheeventsincetheearthquakehappened.重大事情③Ourteacherencouragesustotakeanactivepartinallkindsofsocialevents.公開活動WordsAndPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學問要點1)comealong跟隨；到達；進步；趕快；出現(xiàn)(教材P36)Wouldyouliketocomealong?你想要跟著去嗎？[例1]Shewantstocomealongwithustothemovie.她想跟我們一起去看電影。[例2]Itwasluckyyoucamealong.真幸運你來了。[造句]快點，不然就誤火車了。Comealongorwe'llmissthetrain.[學問拓展]comeup(with) 想出；提出comeabout 發(fā)生comeacross 穿過(路、橋)；(偶然)遇見；發(fā)覺comeout 出來；(書等)出版；發(fā)行cometo 醒悟；總計；達到；談到Whenitcomesto... 當談到……[即學即練]完成句子①Achancelikethisdoesn'tcomealongeveryday.像這樣的機會不是每天都有的。②Somethingunexpectedcameupatthemeetingyesterday.昨天會議上出現(xiàn)了一些意外的事情。③Howdidthiscrazysituationcomeabout?這種瘋狂的局面是如何出現(xiàn)的？④Thatmagazinecomesoutonceamonth.那個雜志每月出一期。eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點2)setanexample樹立榜樣(教材P38)Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheirsportsandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.他們作為運動員必需是自己體育項目上的佼佼者，并且也為他人樹立了良好的榜樣。[例1]Youshouldbesettinganexampletoyourlittlebrother.你應(yīng)當為你弟弟樹立榜樣。[例2]WeshouldfollowJim'sexampleandworkhard.我們應(yīng)當以吉姆為榜樣，努力工作。[造句]雷鋒為我們樹立了一心一意為人民服務(wù)的榜樣。LeiFengsetanexampletousinservingthepeopleheartandsoul.[學問拓展]followsb.'sexample 學某人的樣子beanexampletosb. 成為某人的榜樣forexample 例如makeanexampleofsb. 懲處某人以警告他人；殺一儆百giveanexample 舉例[即學即練]用example的相關(guān)短語完成句子①(2024·天津河東區(qū)一模)WeChinesepeopleareallcalledontolearnfromLeiFeng，whowethinksetsagoodexampletoallofus.②Wemademanyimprovementstoourhouse；forexample，wepaintedthewallsandboughtnewcarpet.③There'salotinwhatyousay，butpleasegiveanexample．④Theteachermadeanexampleofthestudentwhohadcopiedhisdeskmate'sanswersduringthefinals.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點3)honourn．敬重；崇敬；榮幸；光榮vt.敬重；敬重(教材P38)Asaplayer，LangPingbroughthonourandglorytohercountry.作為一名運動員，郎平為祖國爭光，贏得了榮譽。[例1]Onemustshowhonourtoone'sparents.人人都應(yīng)當敬重父母。[例2]Itismyhonourtobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.我很榮幸能在這里與你共享關(guān)于中學要學習什么的看法。[造句]她被譽為模范老師。Sheishonouredasamodelteacher.[學問拓展](1)inhonourof/inone'shonour 為了表示對……的敬意；為了紀念……h(huán)avethehonourtodo/ofdoing... 有幸做……It'sanhonourtodo... 很榮幸做……(2)be/feelhonouredtodo/ofdoing... 為做……而感到榮幸(3)honourableadj. 光榮的；高尚的；敬重的[即學即練]單句語法填空①Ifeelhonoured(honour)tobeinvitedtogiveyoualectureonhowtoimproveEnglishreadingability.②Ihavethehonourtomake(make)aspeechtowelcometherespectedguests.③WecelebrateTeachers'Dayeveryyearinhonourofteachers.句型轉(zhuǎn)換④IfeelitagreathonourthatIwillbeinvitedtospeakatthemeetingbeforesomanystudents.(改成非謂語動詞形式)→Ifeelitagreathonourtobeinvitedtospeakatthemeetingbeforesomanystudents.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點4)determinationn．決心；確定(教材P38)WhentheChineseteamwaspreparingforthe2024WorldCup，herdeterminationwastested.當中國隊備戰(zhàn)2024年世界杯時，她的決心受到了考驗。[例1]Herefusedoursuggestionwithdetermination.他堅決地拒絕了我們的建議。[例2]Ittakeshardworkanddeterminationtoreachthegoalsthatwewanttoachieve.實現(xiàn)我們的目標須要努力和決心。[造句]亨利表現(xiàn)出極大的決心來學英語。HenryshowsgreatdeterminationtolearnEnglish.[學問拓展](1)determinevi.&vt. 確定；確定；(使)下定決心determinetodo... 確定做……(表示動作)determineon/upon 確定(2)determinedadj. 堅決的；堅決的；堅決的bedeterminedtodo... 決心做……(表示狀態(tài))[即學即練]單句語法填空①Hisdetermination(determine)towinisclearlyevident.②Determined(determine)tolookafterhisparentswell，hemovedtolivewiththem.③Nomatterwhathappens，shehasdeterminedtotell(tell)thetruth.④Ihavedeterminedongoing(go)tothecountrysideaftergraduation.[小片段填空]MysisterLilyhasdeterminedgoingtoPekingUniversity.Sheisadeterminedgirl，soweknowthatonceshehasdeterminedtodosomething，shewillmakeherdreamcometruewithgreatdetermination．(determine)eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點5)fallapart裂開；裂開；崩潰(教材P38)TheteamthatLangPinghadbuiltwasfallingapart.郎平一手打造的隊伍正在分崩離析。[例1]WiththeQingDynastyfallingapart，itwasreplacedbyanewsystem.隨著清朝的瓦解，取而代之的是一個新的制度。[例2]Theyusedtobeclosefriends，butfellapartnotlongago.她們曾經(jīng)是密切的摯友，但不久前關(guān)系裂開了。[造句]我覺得這把舊椅子要散架了。Ithinkthisoldchairisfallingapart.[學問拓展]falldown 摔倒falloff 從……掉下來fallbehind 落后；跟不上fallover 跌倒；絆倒fallinto 養(yǎng)成；染上fallout (頭發(fā)等)脫落；吵架[小片段填空]Abananaskinfelloffthetable.Thelittlegirldidn'tseeit.Shesteppedonitandfellover．What'sworse，herbowlbrokeintopieces.Quickly，hermotherraninandpickedherup.Ifshefallsintothehabitofdependingonparentsineverything，thegirlwillfallbehindothersintime.香蕉皮從桌子上掉下來。小女孩沒有望見。她踩到上面滑倒了。更糟的是，她的碗摔成了碎片。她媽媽立即跑進來扶起她。假如小女孩養(yǎng)成事事依靠父母的習慣，她遲早會落后于其他孩子的。eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點6)loseheart丟失信念；泄氣(教材P38)Losingtwoimportantplayerswasabigchallenge，butLangPingdidnotloseheart.失去兩名得力干將是個嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)，但郎平?jīng)]有垂頭喪氣。[例1]Thoughbeatenbytheoppositeteam，theydidn'tloseheart.雖然被對方球隊擊敗，但他們沒有丟失信念。[例2]Eventhoughyourresearchappearstobeatadeadendnow，youshouldn'tloseheartbutkeepontrying.即使你們的探討現(xiàn)在好像陷入了僵局，你們還是不應(yīng)當泄氣，而要接著進行下去。[造句]請不要灰心，你還有機會。Pleasedon'tloseheart；youstillhavechances.[學問拓展](1)loseone'sheartto 愛上……putone'sheartinto 一心撲在……上learnsth.byheart 背誦；記牢……oone'sheart 使……刻骨銘心(2)heartandsoul 一心一意地fromthebottomofsb.'sheart從某人的心底[即學即練]完成句子①Johnplaystennisbadly，butwithheartandsoul(一心一意)．②Jimlosthisheartto(愛上)thePersiancatatfirstsight.③AlthoughMikewasintrouble，hedidn'tloseheart(沒灰心)．[小片段填空]Whenhewasachild，helosthishearttowritingpoems.Thoughheputhisheartintoitformanyyears，itseemedasifnothinghadbeenachieved.However，hewouldneverloseheart．他還是個孩子時就愛上了寫詩。盡管多年來他一心一意地寫詩，但看起來好像還是一無所成。然而，他恒久不會灰心。eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點7)failuren．失??；失敗的人(或事物)(教材P38)Icanacceptfailure；...我可以接受失??；……[例1]Itwasevidentthatthepolicywasafailure.很明顯，這個政策是失敗的。[例2]Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelpshapeyouryearahead.年終時快速回顧一年的成功和失敗將有助于你確定來年的發(fā)展。[造句]這次藝術(shù)展覽不但沒有失敗，反而是一個巨大的成功。Theartshowwasfarfromafailure；itwasagreatsuccess.[學問拓展](1)endinfailure 以失敗告終heartfailure 心臟衰竭(2)failv. 失?。晃茨?；失靈；不足；缺乏；突然失去failtodo... 未能做……failin... 在……失敗[名師點津](1)failure作“失敗”講時是不行數(shù)名詞，表示抽象意義；作“失敗者，失敗的事”講時是可數(shù)名詞，表示詳細意義。這種用法被稱為“抽象名詞的詳細化”。(2)類似用法的詞有：單詞不行數(shù)可數(shù)success成功成功的人/事danger危急危急的人/因素surprise驚訝意想不到的事business生意企業(yè)beauty漂亮美人[即學即練]單句語法填空①Makecertainthatyoulearnfromfailure(fail)andthenusewhatyouhavelearnedinfuturesituations.②Hissuccesswasalongstory，butinbrief，hesucceededaftermanyfailures(fail)．③—Thesuccessthebrilliantyoungscientisthasmadeisadmirable.—Ithinkheisasuccessasascientist.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點8)giveup放棄；倒戈(教材P38)Losinggamestaughthimtopractiseharderandnevergiveup.競賽失利教會了他更加努力的訓練和永不放棄。[例1]Itriedtopersuadehimtogiveupsmoking，butfailed.我試圖勸服他戒煙，但失敗了。[例2]Sherealizedshewaswrongandgaveuptheargument.她意識到她錯了，便停止了爭辯。[造句]她確定辭去工作，開一家咖啡館。Shedecidedtogiveupherjobandstartacoffeebar.[學問拓展]giveaway 分發(fā)；贈送；泄露giveback 歸還giveoff 發(fā)出(光、熱、聲音、氣味等)giveout 分發(fā)；用完；耗盡givein 屈服；倒戈；讓步；上交[即學即練]介、副詞填空①Onceyouhavemadeupyourmindtodosomething，you'dbetternotgiveup．②MymotherissostubbornthatIcanneverpersuadehertogivein．③Studentsweregladtogiveawaysomeoftheirbookstochildreninpoormountainousareas.④Herradioisgivingoutastrangesignal.⑤Thesungivesoffheatandlight.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點句式1)過去完成時(教材P38)Oneofthebestplayershadbeeninjured，andtheteamcaptainhadtoleavebecauseofheartproblems.最優(yōu)秀的隊員中有一人受傷了，而且隊長也因心臟問題離隊。[句式分析]hadbeeninjured是過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。過去完成時指先于過去某動作發(fā)生前完成的動作，即“過去的過去”，用“had＋過去分詞”表示。在這里，hadbeeninjured與后半句theteamcaptainhadtoleave...形成參照，指這名優(yōu)秀隊員受傷在前，隊長因心臟問題離隊在后。[例1]BythetimeIrushedtothestation，thetrainhadalreadyleft.當我趕到火車站時，火車已經(jīng)開走了。[例2]Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshestartedtoreadthenovel.她在起先看小說之前就已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。[造句]你給我打電話時我已經(jīng)出門了。Ihadgoneoutwhenyoucalledme.[學問拓展](1)hope，plan，want，mean等用過去完成時表示未實現(xiàn)的愿望，安排和準備等(2)Hardly/Scarcelyhadsb.done...when一……就……Nosoonerhadsb.done...than一……就……(3)by，bytheendof，bythetime，until，before，since后接表示過去某一時間的短語或從句時，主句用過去完成時。(4)It/Thatwasthe...timethat從句時，從句用過去完成時。表示“是第幾次做某事”。[名師點津]過去完成時的被動語態(tài)的三種形式(1)確定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋hadbeendone＋其他成分(2)否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋hadnotbeendone＋其他成分(3)疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：had＋主語＋beendone＋其他成分[即學即練]單句語法填空①Thepolicefoundthatthehousehadbeenbroken(break)intoandalotofthingsstolen.②Hesaid15peoplehadbeeninjured(injure)，twoofthemadmittedtohospital.③Hecomplainedthatthiswasthethirdtimehehadbeeninformed(inform)ofthechangesofthemeeting.④Johnhadtohavehiscarrepairedinagaragebecauseithadbeendamaged(damage)seriously.完成句子⑤Hardlyhadthespeakerfinishedhisspeechwhentheaudiencekeptaskinghimquestions.演講者一結(jié)束他的講話，觀眾就不停地向他提問。⑥Bythetimethemessengerreachedhim，thedamagehadbeendone．送信人趕到他那兒時，損失已經(jīng)造成了。eq\a\vs4\al(重點句式2)現(xiàn)在完成進行時(教材P38)TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichhestartedinChicagohasbeenhelpingyoungpeoplesince1996.他(喬丹)在芝加哥所創(chuàng)建的“男孩女孩俱樂部”從1996年至今始終在幫助年輕人。[句式分析]本句主句時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成進行時，這一時態(tài)主要用于表示過去起先并始終持續(xù)的動作，可能剛剛停止，也可能還在進行。[例1]Ihavebeenringingyouseveraltimesintwodays.這兩天內(nèi)我給你打過好幾次電話。[例2]Becauseofillness，hehasbeenlyinginbedallday.由于生病，他成天都躺在床上。[例3]Sincethetimehumankindstartedgardening，wehavebeentryingtomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.自從人類開創(chuàng)園藝工作以來，我們始終在努力使我們的環(huán)境更加漂亮。[例4]Wherehaveyoubeen？Wehavebeenlookingforyoueverywhere.你剛才去哪里了？我們始終在到處找你。[造句]兩個月來他們始終在建橋。Theyhavebeenbuildingthebridgefortwomonths.[學問拓展]現(xiàn)在完成進行時由“have/hasbeen＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，其基本用法如下：(1)表示從過去某一時間起先，始終持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并仍在進行。(2)表示從過去某時起先始終持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，在說話時剛剛結(jié)束。(3)現(xiàn)在完成進行時有時所表示的動作并不是始終在不停地進行，而是在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地重復(fù)。[即學即練]完成句子①TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfornearlytwothousandyears.中國有將近2000年的造紙歷史。②IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincethreeyearsago.自從三年前以來我始終在學英語。③Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.我們已經(jīng)等你半個小時了。④Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft．你離開后，發(fā)生了巨大的改變。1．Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheirsportsandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.[分析]本句為復(fù)合句。who引導定語從句，修飾athletes。從句中are和set是并列謂語。[譯文]他們作為運動員必需是自己體育項目上的佼佼者，并且也為他人樹立了良好的榜樣。2．Shehadfaceddifficultiesbefore，andsheknewthatheryoungplayerscouldwiniftheyworkedtogetherasateam.[分析]本句是由and連接的兩個并列句，后一個句子中that從句作knew的賓語，同時that從句中又有一個if引導的條件狀語從句。[譯文]她曾面對多數(shù)艱難困苦，知道年輕隊員們只要團結(jié)一樣，定能奪取成功。3．Jordan'sskillswereimpressive，butthementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.[分析]本句為but連接的并列句，but后分句中thatheshowed為定語從句，修飾thementalstrength。[譯文]喬丹的技巧令人印象深刻，而他強大的精神力氣讓他獨一無二。教材高考ToinviteAmytoane-sportsevent.Theeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening，makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Comeandworkoutatagym.Withsuchbusylives，itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Youcanmakeit.SheleftbeforeIcouldevenmakeittothedoortooffermythanks.(2024·天津卷)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Sheisstillcomingtotermswiththefailureofhismarriage.2．Hetriedhisbesttocomforttheinjured(injure)passengersandtoldthemhelpwasontheway.3．Withhertalentanddetermination(determine)，itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.4．Thestreetseemedwide.IwonderedifIwouldmakeittotheotherside.5．Groupexerciseisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoimprovephysicalfitness(fit)．6．IamluckyasIamoneofthehosts(host)．7．Suchamanisanhonourtohiscountry.8．Ithinkyouhadbettergiveupalcohol.9．Hedroppedoutofschoolatage16andhishealthstartedtofallapart．10．Hehasbeencycling(cycle)toworkforthelastthreeweeks.Ⅱ.短語填空comealong，trackandfield，workout，makeit，fallapart，loseheart，giveup，setanexample，preparefor，share...with...1．HisspokenEnglishhascomealongalotrecently.2．Heworksouteverydaytobuilduphisstrength.3．Luckily，hejustmadeitintimeforclassthismorning