翻譯二級(jí)筆譯綜合能力模擬35

翻譯二級(jí)筆譯綜合能力模擬35Section1VocabularyandGrammarThissectionconsistsof3parts.Readthedirectionsfor（江南博哥）eachpartbeforeansweringthequestions.Part1VocabularySelectionInthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,C,Drespectively.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

TheEarth______threeprincipallayers:thedense,iron-richcore,themantlemadeofsilicaterocks,andthethin,solid-surfacecrust.A.comprisesB.composesC.consistsD.concedes正確答案：A[解析]comprise和consist是同義詞，但consist之后需跟介詞of，而空后沒(méi)有of，所以只能選A。

2.

Duringthe______oftherain,shereturnedhomeimmediately.A.spinB.flickC.lullD.notch正確答案：C

3.

Nowadays,theinternetishelpingmillionsofspontaneouscommunitiestobloom,suchkindofcommunitiesaredefinedbycommoninterestsratherthanby______.A.compatibilityB.reciprocityC.proximityD.probability正確答案：A

4.

Committeemembership______everyyear,sothatnewvoicesandopinionsareconstantlyheard.A.returnsB.replacesC.roundsD.rotates正確答案：D[解析]后半句的“新的聲音和見(jiàn)解”是最好的參照，所以rotates(輪換)是唯一的選擇。

5.

Whilesomeofthedrawingsarewell-rendered,othersaremere______afterallthesewordscamefromthehandsofabeginner.A.mementosB.illustrationsC.daubsD.portraits正確答案：C

6.

I______youthatthegoodswillbedeliverednextweek.A.insistB.confirmC.assureD.ensure.正確答案：C[解析]本題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)為動(dòng)詞，其含義分別為：A．堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為。該動(dòng)詞后面不能跟人稱代詞作間接賓語(yǔ)。所以應(yīng)首先排除。B．確認(rèn)，通常也不用人稱代詞作間接賓語(yǔ)。C．使確信，向……保證，后面可跟人稱代詞作間接賓語(yǔ)。而且，詞義也符合上下文的要求，為本題的正確答案。D．保證，后面也可跟人稱代詞作間接賓語(yǔ)，但后面不能同時(shí)跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。所以D不合適。

7.

Thetechnicianis______toalmostallthetasks,whomayevenfallsasleeponthejob.A.reluctantB.decreantC.recuperativeD.recusant正確答案：B[解析]該句的非限定定語(yǔ)從句中evenfallsasleep暗示前面講的是“玩忽職守”，所以decreant符合全句的語(yǔ)境。

8.

______means,whilefishing,theremightbeafish.A.AbsorbB.HopC.JerkD.Skip正確答案：C

9.

Thespeaker's______answerledtoanoutcryformtheOpposition.A.impressiveB.evasiveC.intensiveD.amusive正確答案：B

10.

Themagicianpickedseveralpersons______fromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.A.byaccidentB.onoccasionC.atrandomD.onaverage正確答案：C

11.

Thescientificdevelopmenthasbeenbreathtakinginthepastcentury,buttheunderstandingofthisprogresshasnot______changed.A.temporarilyB.rigorouslyC.dramaticallyD.incidentally正確答案：C

12.

AccordingtotheInternationalLaw,theUnitedNationswouldimposeeconomic______againstaninvadingcountry.A.commissionsB.promotionsC.sentencesD.sanctions正確答案：D

13.

WhenitcomestoChinese,Janealreadyknewsomeofthecharacters,butJohnhadtostartfrom______.A.screwB.scrapC.scratchD.scrape正確答案：C

14.

Thoughtactlessinhisyouth,BenjaminFranklinbecamesodiplomatic,so______athandlingpeoplethathewasmadeAmericanAmbassadortoFrance.A.foxyB.considerateC.shrewdD.adroit正確答案：D

15.

Childrenshouldalways______thesamebasicprocedure:seeingthewholeWord—hearingandpronouncing—writingfrommemory.A.gothroughB.takeoverC.respondtoD.carryoff正確答案：A

16.

Hisideasaboutthecurrentsituationwereso______thatIhadtoagreewithhim.A.cavernousB.chronicC.choralD.cogent正確答案：D

17.

Tomakesomeoneangryisto______.A.enticeB.sneerC.aggravateD.engrave正確答案：C

18.

Ontoday'sfullyoccupiedplanet,therearefewplacesleftwhere______peopledonothuntandtraporwhereloggersandminingcompanieshavenotsentinteamsofsurveyors.A.notoriousB.locomotiveC.negligibleD.indigenous正確答案：D

19.

Awriterwhowantstoconvincehisreadersofapointofviewmustmarshallhisarguments,assertthevirtuesofhisaponions,and______thepossibleprotestsoftheopposition.A.diminishB.demonstrateC.declaimD.demolish正確答案：D[解析]demolish有“廢除”和“駁倒”等意，與之后的賓語(yǔ)相吻合。

20.

______tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.A.HardlyhadhebegunB.NosoonerhadhebegunC.NotuntilbeganD.Scarcelydidhebegin正確答案：A

Part2VocabularyReplacementThispartconsistsof20sentences.Ineachofthemonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,C,Drespectively.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingthebasicmeaningofthesentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Theemperorgaveagrandiosebanquettocelebratehismarriageofconvenience.A.simutaneousB.sumptuousC.stimulatinyD.bump正確答案：B

2.

Anessaywhichattemptstotakeamiddleviewismuchmoretreacheroustowritethananessaywhicharguesforonlyonesideofthedebate.A.hazardousB.ambiguousC.amicableD.amphibious正確答案：A[解析]B意為“模棱兩可的”，C意為“平心靜氣的”，D意為“兩棲的”，所以只有hazardous(有危險(xiǎn)的)可選擇。

3.

Thehigherweclimbed,themoredifficultourbreathingwouldbecome,thisisknowntoeverymountainclibmer.A.facileB.laboriousC.juvenescentD.injurious正確答案：B

4.

Theeardrum,atautmembrane,locatedattheendoftheeatcanal,separatestheouterseafromtheinnerear.A.lightlytintedB.somewhatopaqueC.tightlystretchedD.delicatelymade正確答案：C

5.

Short-sightednesscanbetheresultofanabnormallythickeyeballorthedistortionofthelensoftheeye.A.exceptionallyB.exactinglyC.exaggeratedlyD.exasperatedly正確答案：A

6.

Aftertheearthquake,theinsurancecompanydidnothavethefundstoindemnifyalltheinsuredvictims.A.refurbishB.perforateC.remunerateD.obliterate正確答案：C

7.

Theyseveredtheirrelationshiponaccountofsomemisunderstandingaboutsometrivialmatter.A.stoppedB.closedC.separatedD.ended正確答案：C

8.

Shewastryingtocollectpublicsupportforherproposalofnewtermsforapeacetreaty.A.lustB.bulgeC.musterD.attach正確答案：C

9.

Thecollectionofthemuseumisveryrich,butmostpartofthemisinaccessibletoscholars.A.notavailableB.notclearC.notusefulD.notattractive正確答案：A

10.

Racialdiscrimination,whichsoundsridiculoustomostofpeopletoday,isstillpersistedbysomeracialists.A.foolishB.fatuousC.sillyD.ludicrous正確答案：D

11.

Thesoliderisquitegallantinhisbehaviortowardtheyoungcharminglady.A.courageousB.cack-handedC.courtlyD.censorious正確答案：C

12.

Mostofthatprofessor'swritingsareeitherforthebirdorahodgepodgeofthoughtsandideascoppiedfromotherauthors.A.pasticheB.paternalismC.paucityD.pathology正確答案：A

13.

InourChinesetraditionalculture,itisbelievedthatcleverfingersindicateadeftandquickmind.A.dexterousB.dissonantC.DivergentD.dubious正確答案：A

14.

Withtheburgeoningofscientificknowledge,workontheneweditionofatextbookbeginssoonaftercompletionoftheoriginal.A.culminationB.limitationC.venerationD.augment正確答案：D

15.

Thecentralgovernmenthopestocurtailmilitaryspendinginthenextyear.A.forbidB.invertC.prolongD.shorten正確答案：D

16.

ThepresidentoftheUnitedStates,Nixon,wasgivenared-carpetwelcomeattheairport.Hewascertainlyexcitedbythetreatment,butnotoverwhelmedbythedistinction.A.toomuchsurprisedbythespecialtreatmentB.veryappreciativeofthedifferenttreatmentC.takenabackbytheunexpectedtreatmentD.overrejopicedovertheformality正確答案：A

17.

Peterwasfamousfortheintenselypersonalappealofhissingingandacting.A.noticeablyB.extremelyC.tenderlyD.frequently正確答案：B

18.

Mostreadersaredrawntothefacetiousstoriesofhisrecentnovel.A.factualB.humourousC.sarcasticD.ridiculous正確答案：B[解析]facetious意指humourous。

19.

Thefirstwatermillwashorizontalandresembledarudimentaryturbine.A.flatB.rustyC.unconventionalD.unsophisticated正確答案：D

20.

Thatuniversityhasproducedalargenumberofsocialcelebrities,includingfourPresidentsandthreeSpeakers.A.sproutedB.spawnedC.stashedD.spouted正確答案：B

Part3ErrorCorrectionThispartconsistsof20sentences.Ineachofthemthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesanerror.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,C,Drespectively.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartsothattheerroriscorrected.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.Blackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Icannotthankyouverymuchforyourkindness,Iowemysuccesstoyou.A.soB.tooC.asD.enough正確答案：B[解析]本題考查習(xí)慣搭配。句意為：對(duì)于你的好心，我再怎么感謝也不為過(guò)，我把我的成功歸功于你。cannot...too...是固定搭配，表示“再……也不為過(guò)，越……越好”，符合句意。故答案為B。

2.

Ifpeoplecannotaffordtobuytheirownhouse,theycanrentpropertyfromaprivatelandlord,as10%ofthepopulationdoes,orfromtheirlocalcouncil.A.asdo10%ofthepopulationB.justas10%ofthepopulationwilldoC.thesameas10%ofthepeopledoD.aswilldo10%ofthepopulation正確答案：A[解析]這里的population是個(gè)集體名詞，是個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)概念，其動(dòng)詞不應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù)。另外，特別應(yīng)該注意在此狀語(yǔ)片語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞的倒裝使用法。

3.

ThepeopleonCapitalHillisnecessarytoremembertherestoftheworldaftertheircapitalgoestowrackandruin!A.needsthememoryoftherestoftheworldafterB.needstoremembertherestoftheworldbeforeC.isnecessarytoremembertherestoftheworldbeforeD.hasthenecessitytoremembertherestoftheworldbecause正確答案：B[解析]此句有兩錯(cuò)。其一，主語(yǔ)是people，當(dāng)作表語(yǔ)的necessary一詞應(yīng)該是個(gè)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，如finditnecessary，而該詞不能作此句的表語(yǔ)；其二，該句表達(dá)語(yǔ)義混亂。如果后半句要用after連接，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用完成時(shí)。實(shí)際上，后半句講的是一種可能性，意思是“否則就會(huì)……”，故用before才對(duì)。

4.

Isupposethepartyendedinafriendlyatmosphere,isn'tit?A.don'tIB.doIC.diditD.didn'tit正確答案：D[解析]本題考查反意疑問(wèn)句的用法。陳述句謂語(yǔ)用肯定形式，疑問(wèn)句謂語(yǔ)要用否定形式，因此可排除B、C兩項(xiàng)；又因?yàn)殛愂鼍涞闹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是實(shí)意動(dòng)詞ended，所以反意疑問(wèn)句中應(yīng)借助助動(dòng)詞do，為didn'tit。所以，答案是D。

5.

Sino-foreigneducationalprogramonbusinessispopularinChinanow,andthedemandforhighlevelinterpretationisgreat.A.programsinenterprises/highlevelinterpretersB.programsininternationalbusiness/seniorinterpretersC.programsininternationalbiz/seniorinterpretationsD.programsofbusiness/high-levelinterpretations正確答案：B[解析]本題考查詞義辨析。句意為：中外教育性貿(mào)易課程在中國(guó)很流行，高水平的口譯人員的需求量肯定很大。high-level“高級(jí)別的、高層次的”，senior“資深的”，demandfor后面的賓語(yǔ)多用表示人的具體名詞，所以，這里應(yīng)把interpretation改成interpreter。A、C、D三項(xiàng)也不正確，故排除。所以，答案是B。

6.

Daylightsavingtimewasinstitutedtoincreaseproductivity.A.reorganizedB.startedC.encouragedD.taught正確答案：B[解析]本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。畫(huà)線單詞．institute“建立，開(kāi)始”。reorganize“改組，改造，重新組織”，start“開(kāi)始，使發(fā)動(dòng)”，encourage“鼓勵(lì)，慫恿”，teach“教”。所以，答案是B。

7.

Theveryrealandfarreachingimplicationsinherentinthecurrentchangesbeingexperiencedbygovemmentspaceports,withtermsoftheireffectuponthewholeinternationalspacecommunity,arealsohighlighted.A.fortermsofB.astermsofC.intermsofD.fromtermsof正確答案：C[解析]本題考查固定搭配。句意為：國(guó)家太空船發(fā)射降落場(chǎng)目前所具有的現(xiàn)實(shí)與深遠(yuǎn)的意義就它們?cè)谡麄€(gè)國(guó)際太空領(lǐng)域里的作用是突出的。intermsof意為“根據(jù)，按照，以……的觀點(diǎn)，在……方面”，符合句意。因此，答案是C。

8.

Eachyear,inanever-endingcycleofdeathandrebirth,therainssweepacrosssouthernAsia.A.regrowthB.regenerationC.reconstructionD.recycle正確答案：B[解析]本題考查名詞辨析。句意為：每年，在一個(gè)死亡與再生的無(wú)限循環(huán)中，雨水席卷了亞洲南部。Rebirth“復(fù)活，新生”，regrowth“再次生長(zhǎng)，繼續(xù)生長(zhǎng)”，regeneration“再生，重建”，reconstruction“重建，改造”，recycle“再循環(huán)，再生”。根據(jù)句意可知，答案是B。

9.

WhenHenryarrivedhomeafteraharddayatwork,hiswifewasslept.A.hiswifewassleepingB.hiswifesleptC.hiswifehassleptD.hiswifehasbeensleeping正確答案：A[解析]本題考查時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用。句意為：當(dāng)亨利一天辛苦工作之后回到家時(shí)，他的妻子正在睡覺(jué)。本句中when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)作與主句中的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，此時(shí)主句應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí)；時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。所以，答案是A。

10.

Theoldladywassufferingfromtheemptynestsyndromeforsolongthatshefeltliketofindsomeoneshecouldtalktoher.A.tofindsomeonetotalkB.findingsomeonetotalkC.tofindsomeonetotalktoD.findingsomeonetotalkto正確答案：D[解析]本題考查固定搭配。句意為：這位老婦人已經(jīng)遭受空巢綜合癥很久了，所以她想找個(gè)可以跟她說(shuō)話的人。feellike(doing)something想要做某事，意欲，故排除A、C兩項(xiàng)。talk做“與……說(shuō)話、談話、交談”之意講時(shí)，是不及物動(dòng)詞，常與to或with連用。因此，答案為D。

11.

Theborderwasactuallytwotowns,thoughnoonewasbigenoughtoamounttoanything.A.notoneB.neitheroneC.noneD.nor正確答案：B[解析]本句考查的是兩者中的否定，應(yīng)用neitherofthem或neitherone。

12.

AsanEnglishmajorstudentatoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesinChina,IstronglybelievethatbusinessEnglishismorepracticalthanotherfields.A.astudentinEnglish...fieldB.amajorEnglishstudent...regionsC.anEnglishmajor...coursesD.anEnglishstudentmajor...sciences正確答案：C[解析]本題考查名詞應(yīng)用。句意為：作為一個(gè)英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的學(xué)生，我認(rèn)為商務(wù)英語(yǔ)比其他課程更實(shí)用。因?yàn)镋nglish前要用不定冠詞an，故排除A、B兩項(xiàng)?！坝⒄Z(yǔ)專業(yè)的學(xué)生”應(yīng)為做Englishmajor；因?yàn)樯虅?wù)英語(yǔ)為一門(mén)課程，所以，course“課程”符合句意。故答案是C。

13.

Theadvocates—mainlyfamilytherapydoctors—areapplyinganewapproachtoeverythingfrommarriageconflicttopsychosis.A.marginB.marineC.maritalD.martial正確答案：C[解析]本題考查形容詞辨析。句意為：倡導(dǎo)者——主要是家庭療法醫(yī)生——正在將一種新的治療方法應(yīng)用于從婚姻沖突到精神問(wèn)題的各種疾病中。Marriage“婚姻”；margin“邊緣”；marine“海(產(chǎn)、運(yùn))的”；marital“婚姻的”；martial“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的，軍事的”。根據(jù)句意可知，答案是C。

14.

Throughmanyyearsofevolution,yourbodyhaslearnedbowtorespondtostressbasingonitsinstinctforsurvival.A.basedonB.takenonC.foundedonD.builton正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)本句內(nèi)容，劃線部分應(yīng)填部分是分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；因此處于賓補(bǔ)與賓語(yǔ)(howtorespondtostress)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)填過(guò)去分詞。

15.

Don'tsethimtotalkingphilosophyorhe'llgoonallevening.A.offB.onC.atD.of正確答案：A[解析]本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：不要讓他講哲學(xué)，不然他會(huì)講一晚上。setoff意為“使……開(kāi)動(dòng)，使(某人)開(kāi)始做某事”，符合句意。seton意為“攻擊，教唆”，不合句意；set一般不與at和of搭配，故排除。因此，答案是A。

16.

Ofcourse,therehavebeentimes,asayoungman,whenIgottiredfromstudyanddevotedmytimetoplaying.A.tiredofB.gottiredofC.tiredupD.usedtotireof正確答案：B[解析]gettiredof對(duì)……厭煩了。

17.

Hewaslookingimpatientatthevisitingsalesman,whoshowednosignsofgettingreadytoleave.A.patientB.patienceC.impatienceD.impatiently正確答案：D[解析]本題考查副詞的應(yīng)用。此處，lookat為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，要用副詞作狀語(yǔ)對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾，所以應(yīng)用impatiently。所以，答案是D。

18.

Ifyoutakeacarefullookathowyoungpeoplebehavenowadaysbothatschoolsandafterschools,youwillcometotheconclusionhowdifferenttheyarecomparedtopeoplethatareoverfifty.A.bothinschoolsandafterschools,youwillcloncludehowdifferenttheyarefromthosepeoplewhoareintheirfifties.B.bothinandafterschools,youwillhavetheconclusionthattheydifferfromolderpeopleincomparision.C.bothinandoutofschools,youwillfindhowdifferenttheyarecomparedwiththebehavioroftheoldergenerationD.bothintheschoolandoutoftheschools,youwillfindtheyaredifferentwhencomparedwiththeoldgeneration.正確答案：C[解析]本句犯的也是表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤，而becomparedto的意思是“好比”，becomparedwith才是“與……相比”。

19.

GroverClevelandwasthefirstpresidentmarriedintheWhiteHouse.A.gotmarriedB.togetmarriedC.hasgotmarriedD.wasmarried正確答案：B[解析]本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：格羅弗·克利夫蘭是第一位在白宮結(jié)婚的總統(tǒng)。因?yàn)榫渲幸延兄^語(yǔ)，故排除A、C、D三項(xiàng)。不定式在此處作定語(yǔ)，修飾president。

20.

Thehard,outsurfaceofthetoothiscalledenamel.A.outsideB.appearanceC.outerD.hiding正確答案：C[解析]本題考查形容詞的用法。句意為：牙齒堅(jiān)硬的外層稱為牙釉質(zhì)。所以，此處須填入表示“外面的”之意的詞語(yǔ)。outside和outer均有“外部的”之意。outside一般指物體的外表或表面；而outer指相對(duì)于內(nèi)部而言的外部或外表；appearance意為“外貌，外觀”；hiding意為“隱匿”。所以，答案為C。

Section2ReadingComprehensionInthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwith4(A,B,CandD)choicestocompletethestatement.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.ThenblankenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.

Everygrouphasaculture,howeveruncivilizeditmayseemtous.Totheprofessionalanthropologist,thereisnointrinsicsuperiorityofonecultureoveranother,justastotheprofessionallinguist,thereisnointrinsichierarchyamonglanguages.

Peopleoncethoughtofthelanguagesofbackwardgroupsasundeveloped.Whileitispossiblethatlanguageingeneralbeganasaseriesofgruntsandgroans,itisafactestablishedbythestudyof"backward"languagesthatnospokentongueanswersthatdescriptiontoday.Mostlanguagesofuncivilizedgroupsare,byourmostseverestandards,extremelycomplex．TheydifferfromWesternlanguagesnotintheirsoundpatternsorgrammaticalstruetures,whichusuallyarefullyadequateforalllanguageneeds,butonlyintheirvocabularies,whichreflecttheobjectsandactivitiesknowntotheirspeakers.Eveninthisaspect,twothingsaretobenoted．First,alllanguagesseemtopossessthemachineryforvocabularyexpansion,eitherbyputtingtogetherwordsalreadyinexistenceorbyborrowingthemfromotherlanguagesandadaptingthemtotheirownsystem.Second,theobjectsandactivitiesrequitingnamesanddistinctionsin"backward"languages,whiledifferentfromtheWest,areoftensurprisinglynumerousandcomplicated.AWesternlanguagedistinguishesmerelybetweentwodegreesofremoteness("this"and"that").ButsomelanguagesoftheAmericanIndiansdistinguishbetweenwhatisclosetothespeaker,ortothepersonaddressed,orremovedfromboth,oroutofsight,orinthepast,orinthefuture.1.

Everygroupofhumanbeingshas______.A.itsownsetofideas,beliefsandwaysoflifeB.anextremelycomplexanddelicatelanguageC.itsownelegantmusic,literature，andotherartsD.theprocessofgrowingcropsorraisinganimals正確答案：A[解析]本題考查詞義理解。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“Everygrouphasaculture,howeveruncivilizeditmayseemtous.”可知，不管看著多不文明，每個(gè)民族都有自己的文化。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，人的思想、信仰和生活方式都屬于“文化”。所以，答案是A。

2.

Totheprofessionallinguists,______.A.thereisnointrinsicsuperiorityofculturesB.thereisnointrinsichierarchyoflanguagesC.alllanguagescamefromgruntsandgroansD.alllanguagesaremostsevereandstandard正確答案：B[解析]本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“...astotheprofessionallinguist,thereisnointrinsichierarchyamonglanguages.”可知，對(duì)于專業(yè)的語(yǔ)言學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō)，語(yǔ)言本來(lái)沒(méi)有等級(jí)之分。所以，答案是B。

3.

Mostlanguagesofuncivilizedgroupsare______.A.adequateB.numerousC.ingeniousD.ingenuous正確答案：C[解析]本題考查詞義理解。根據(jù)文章第二段第三句“Mostlanguagesofuncivilizedgroupsare,byourmostseverestandards,extremelycomplex.”可知，根據(jù)最嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，未開(kāi)化的群體中的大多數(shù)的語(yǔ)言都很復(fù)雜。Complex“復(fù)雜的”；adequate“足夠的”；numerous“很多的”；ingenious“有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，精致的”；ingenuous“坦白的”。只有C項(xiàng)與原文complex的意思相近。所以，答案是C。

4.

"Backward"languagesfallbehindWesternlanguagesin______.A.structuresB.vocabulariesC.writtenformsD.soundpatterns正確答案：B[解析]本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第二段第四句“TheydifferfromWesternlanguagesnotintheirsoundpatternsorgrammaticalstructures,...butonlyintheirvocabularies.”可知，“Backward”語(yǔ)言和西方語(yǔ)言的區(qū)別不是在于發(fā)音模式或語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，而是在于詞匯。由此可知，答案是B。

5.

Alllanguages,whethercivilizedornot,havetheirown______.A.waystotransferideasB.formstosatisfyneedsC.abilitiestoanswerdescriptionD.systemstoexpandvocabulary正確答案：D[解析]本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第二段第六句“...alllanguagesseemtopossessthemachineryforvocabularyexpansion...”可知，所有語(yǔ)言都有語(yǔ)言擴(kuò)展的機(jī)制。machinery意為“機(jī)構(gòu)，機(jī)制”，systems意為“系統(tǒng)，體制”。由此可知，答案是D。

6.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedinthepassage?A.Anthropologistshavenothingtodowithlinguists.B.Linguistshavenothingtodowithanthropologists.C.Thestudyoflanguagescastslightuponthestudyofcultures.D.Thestudyofculturescastsnolightuponthestudyoflanguages.正確答案：C[解析]本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“Totheprofessionalanthropologist,thereisnointrinsicsuperiorityofonecultureoveranother,justastotheprofessionallinguist,thereisnointrinsichierarchyamonglanguages.”可知，對(duì)專業(yè)的人類學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō)，各文化之間沒(méi)有固有的優(yōu)越之分，就像對(duì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō)，語(yǔ)言沒(méi)有固有的等級(jí)之分一樣。根據(jù)這句話的邏輯關(guān)系我們可以推斷出，作者闡述語(yǔ)言之間關(guān)系的目的是說(shuō)明不同文化之間的關(guān)系。castlightonsth.“使某事物清楚些”。所以，答案是C。

7.

Itisimpliedthatallcultureshavetobeviewed______.A.profoundlyB.intrinsicallyC.independentlyD.professionally正確答案：C[解析]本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，各種文化之間沒(méi)有固有的優(yōu)越之分；又根據(jù)第二段中的內(nèi)容可知，所有的語(yǔ)言都有擴(kuò)展詞匯的方法，日?；顒?dòng)和熟悉事物都需要名稱，要進(jìn)行辨別，這些自然要導(dǎo)致形成自己的語(yǔ)言體系。據(jù)此推斷，答案是C。

8.

Accordingtothispassage,tolearnaforeignlanguagewouldrequireoneto______.A.domoreactivitiesB.learnaboutanewcultureC.meetmorepeopleD.needmorenames正確答案：B[解析]本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第二段的倒數(shù)第三句“...objectsandactivitiesrequiringnamesanddistinctionsin'backward'languages,whiledifferentfromtheWest,areoftensurprisinglynumerousandcomplicated.”可知，學(xué)語(yǔ)言除了學(xué)語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)法外，還要了解與文化相關(guān)的思想、信仰和生活方式等。語(yǔ)言是文化的一部分，所以，學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)必須要了解該語(yǔ)言的文化。所以，答案是B。

9.

Theauthor'sattitudeshowninthispassage,toward"backward"languagesis______.A.restrainedB.subjectiveC.objectiveD.resolute正確答案：C[解析]本題考查作者態(tài)度。通讀全文可知，全文作者均采用第三人稱的陳述方式進(jìn)行講述，講到了不同文化和不同語(yǔ)言的之間的差別，由此可知，作者的態(tài)度是可觀的。所以，答案是C。

10.

Thispassageisonthewhole______.A.narrativeB.instructiveC.prescriptiveD.argumentative正確答案：B[解析]本題考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文主要是講述語(yǔ)言文化方面的內(nèi)容，說(shuō)明語(yǔ)言和文化密切相關(guān)。該文章具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。所以，答案是B。

Seekingtobuildsupportamongblackfamiliesforitseducationreformlaw,theBushadministrationpaidaprominentblackpundit$240,000topromotethelawonhisnationallysyndicatedtelevisionshowandtourgeotherblackjournaliststodothesame.

Thecampaign,partofanefforttopromoteNoChildLeftBehind(NCLB),requiredcommentatorArmstrongWilliams"toregularlycommentonNCLBduringthecourseofhisbroadcasts,"andtointerviewEducationSecretaryRodPaigeforTVandradiospotsthatwereairedduringtheshowin2004.

WilliamssaidThursdayheunderstandsthatcriticscouldfindthearrangementunethical,but"Iwantedtodoitbecauseit'ssomethingIbelievein."ThetopDemocratontheHouseEducationCommittee,Rep.GeorgeMillerofCalifornia,calledthecontract"averyquestionableuseoftaxpayers'money"thatis"probablyillegal".

Thecontract,detailedindocumentsobtainedbyUSATODAYthroughaFreedomofInformationActrequest,alsoshowsthattheEducationDepartment,throughtheKetchumpublicrelationsfirm,arrangedwithWilliamstousecontactswithAmerica'sBlackForum,agroupofblackbroadcastjournalists,"toencouragetheproducerstoperiodicallyaddress"NCLB.HepersuadedradioandTVpersonalitySteveHarveytoinvitePaigeontohisshowtwice.Harvey'smanager,RushionMcDonald,confirmedtheappearances.11.

WeknowfromthispassagethatMr.ArmstrongWilliamswas,atthetimewhenthestorywentpublic,allthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.columnwriterB.businessownerC.TVcommentatorD.governmentofficial正確答案：D[解析]本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)文章第二段...commentatorArmstrongWilliams"toregularlycommentonNCLBduringthecourseofhisbroadcasts,"andtointerviewEducationSecretaryRodPaigeforTVandradiospotsthatwereairedduringtheshowin2004.中可以看出ArmstrongWilliams和政府的關(guān)系是合同關(guān)系，他并不擔(dān)任任何政府官職。

12.

Fromthecontext,theword"pundit"underlinedinParagraph1isprobablysimilartoallthefollowingtermsEXCEPT______.A.banditB.journalistC.anchormanD.commentator正確答案：A[解析]本題考查詞義辨析。pundit“博學(xué)者，評(píng)論員”；bandit“強(qiáng)盜”；journalist“新聞?dòng)浾摺保籥nchorman“新聞節(jié)目主播”；commentator“評(píng)論員，講解員”。由此可以看出，答案是A。

13.

A"nationallysyndicatedtelevisionshow"underlinedinParagraph1ismostpossiblyaTVshowthat______.A.canbeorganizedlikeanationalgameB.canbeairedinmanytownsintheUSAC.mightbesomehoweradicatedsomedayD.mustbeshowneverywhereacrossthecountry正確答案：B[解析]本題考查短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)文章第一段“...theBushadministrationpaidaprominentblackpundit$240,000topromotethelawonhisnationallysyndicatedtelevisionshowandtourgeotherblackjournaliststodothesame.”可知，B項(xiàng)和nationallysyndicatedtelevisionshow的意思最接近。所以，答案是B。

14.

Asmentionedinthepassage,RodPaigewascertainly______.A.asecretaryinchargeofeducationintheNCLBprogramB.asecretaryinchargeofTVEducationforAmericanchildrenC.oneofthemanymeninterviewedonradioin2004D.themaninchargeoftheEducationMinistryoftheUnitedStates正確答案：D[解析]本題考查詞義辨析。將解題點(diǎn)定位于第二段最后一句“...EducationSecretaryRodPaigeforTVandradiospotsthatwereairedduringtheshowin2004.”，Secretary首字母大寫(xiě)表官職，表示“部長(zhǎng)，大臣”。所以，答案是D。

15.

Obviously,theword"arrangement"underlinedinParagraph3referstothefactthat______.A.hewasarrangedtospeakabouthisinvolvementB.acampaignwasunderwaytopromotetheadministrationC.hewaspaidforspeakingonNCLBdevelopmentsD.somecriticsmadeanarrangementtocriticizehim正確答案：C[解析]本題考查推理判斷。分析文章可知，arrangement指前兩段提到的內(nèi)容，因而應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。

16.

"ThetopDemocratontheHouseEducationCommittee,Rep.GeorgeMillerofCalifornia"meansthatMr.GeorgeMilleris______.A.fromtheStateofCalifornia,arepresentativeofhisstateattheHouseofRepresentatives,andaRepublicanPartymember,andhesitsontheEducationCommitteeoftheHouseofRepresentativesoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaB.aRepublicanrepresentativefromtheStateofCalifornia,arepresentativeoftheHouseofRepresentativesoftheUSAtotheStateofCalifornia,andthetopDemocratontheEducationCommitteeoftheHouseofRepresentativesC.arepresentativeoftheStateofCaliforniatotheHouseofRepresentativesoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,amemberoftheDemocraticParty,andamemberontheEducationCommitteeoftheHouseofRepresentativesD.atopDemocratrepresentingGeorgeMillerfromtheStateofCalifornia,aRepublicanPartymemberattheHouseofRepresentatives,andamemberoftheEducationCommitteeoftheHouseofRepresentativesoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica正確答案：C[解析]本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。通過(guò)題干中的Democrat一詞可知，GeorgeMiller屬于民主黨，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)提到民主黨，故C項(xiàng)正確；又A、B、D項(xiàng)都提到共和黨，故均可排除。所以，答案是C。

17.

Accordingtothepassage,"NoChildLeftBehind(NCLB)"wasmostpossiblyanew______.A.lawrecentlypassedB.campaignatlargeC.BushgovernmentplanD.broadcastprogram正確答案：A[解析]本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)文章第一段“Seekingtobuildsupportamongblackfamiliesforitseducationreformlaw,theBushadministrationpaidaprominentblackpundit$240,000topromotethelawonhisnationallysyndicatedtelevisionshowandtourgeotherblackjournaliststodothesame.”和第二段第一句“Thecampaign,partofanefforttopromoteNoChildLeftBehind...”可以推出，NCLB和thelaw是指的同一個(gè)事情，所以，NCLB指的是法律。故答案是A。

18.

The"contract"appearinginParagraph4isquitelikelyreferringto______.A.anarrangementbetweenUSATODAYandthe"FreedomofInformationAct"B.acommercialagreementbetweentheBushadministrationandMr.ArmstrongWilliamsC.anarrangementbetweentheEducationDepartmentandtheKetchumpublicrelationscompany______.D.avolunteeragreementbetweenMr.ArmstrongWilliamsandtheNoChildLeftBehindeffort正確答案：B[解析]本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)文章第一段“...theBushadministrationpaidaprominentblackpundit...”可知，theBushadministration和aprominentblackpundit之間有一個(gè)協(xié)議。通過(guò)分析可知，pundit指的是Mr.ArmstrongWilliams。由此推斷，contract指的是theBushadministration和Mr.ArmstrongWilliams之間的協(xié)議。所以，答案是B。

19.

Thereasonthatthisstorywasmadeknowntothepublicwasthefactthat______.A.USATODAYrequestedFreedomofInformationActtoactonitsbehalfB.FreedomofInformationActrequestedUSATODAYtoactonitsbehalfC.USATODAYmanagedtoobtaincopiesofthedocumentsthatcontainedthecontractD.FreedomofInformationActsostatedthatUSATODAYwasabletoobtainthedocuments正確答案：D[解析]本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句“Thecontract,detailedindocumentsobtainedbyUSATODAYthroughaFreedomofInformationActrequest,alsoshowsthat...”可知，協(xié)議是《今日美國(guó)》通過(guò)《自由情報(bào)法》請(qǐng)求獲得。所以，答案是D。

20.

The"appearances"attheendofthepassagereferto______.A.agroupofblackbroadcastjournalistsB.producersperiodicallyaddressNCLBC.RodPaigehadinterviewsin