2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit4NaturalDisasters課時作業(yè)三DiscoveringUsefulStructuresGrammar含解析新人教版必修第一冊

PAGE1-Unit4NaturalDisasters課時作業(yè)(三)DiscoveringUsefulStructures(Grammar)必備學問基礎練進階訓練第一層Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Theelectricity________(供應)hadbeencutoff.2．Thevolcanocould________(爆發(fā))atanytime.3．Itcausedbigfires,storms,acidrain,andevenearthquakesand________(火山)eruptions.4．Manybuildingsweredamagedbythe________(颶風)andalotofpeoplebecamehomeless.5．To________(生存)intheforest,animalsmustclimbfromtreetotree.6．The________(臺風)hitthecoastalareas.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Thisisthehospital________wevisitedyesterday.2．Heistheboy________fatherisateacher.3．Aplaneisamachine________canfly.4．Theman________iswalkingontheplaygroundismyoldfriend.5．Lookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehouse________roofisunderrepair.6．Theytalkedabouttheirclassmatesandthings________theystillrememberedinmiddleschool.7．Shesaidshewoulddoanything________couldhelphermotherrecoverfromthedisease.8．Anyone________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.9．Theman________youmetyesterdayismyfather'sschoolmate.10．Thefirstthing________hedidafterarrivinghomewasdoinghishomework.Ⅲ.把下列句子改寫成含有定語從句的主從復合句1．Theboysaremyfriends.Theboysareplayingfootball.________________________________________________2．ThepersonisMr.Ball.Youshouldaskhimaboutthematter.________________________________________________3．Ihaveeverseenthefilmanditisthemostinterestingfilm.________________________________________________4．Thestudent'sarticlewaspublished.Iknowthestudent.________________________________________________5．Thefishisn'tfresh.Weboughtthefishyesterday.________________________________________________關鍵實力綜合練進階訓練其次層Ⅰ.閱讀AEarthquakeshappenwithoutwarning(前兆).Theycanhappenatanytimeofaday,atanypointduringtheyear.Butdon'tworrybecausemostaresoweakthattheycannotbefelt.Onlyafewbigoneshurtpeople.However,it'simportanttoknowwhattodowhenanearthquakeishappening.Donotgooutside.Youcouldgetinjuredfromfallingglassorpartsofbuildings.Ifyouareoutside,stayawayfrombuildingsandpowerlines(輸電線)．Stayunderadesk,table,orotherstrongfurniture.Holdontoit.Orstayinacornerofthebuilding.Coveryourfaceandheadwithyourarmsandcoveryourmouthwithatowelorclothing.Stayinsideuntilshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.Keepawayfromwindows,picturesoradvertisementsonthewallorthebuildings,andanythingelsethatcouldfallandhurtyou.Mostpeoplegetinjuredbyfallingthingsduringanearthquake,notbytheshakingitself.Alsokeepawayfromafire.Youcouldfalldownandburnyourselfinthefire.Ifyouaredrivingwhenanearthquakehappens,stopthecarifit'ssafe.Stayinsideyourcaruntiltheearthquakestops,anddon'tdrivenearbridges.Trynottostopbypowerlinesortrees.Thesecouldfallandhurtyou.1．Mostearthquakesaretoo________tohurtpeople.A．strongB．weakC．dangerousD．heavy2．Fromthepassage,whenanearthquakeishappening,weshould________.A．stayunderabigbuildingB．stayunderastrongfurnitureC．standbywindowsD．drivenearabigbridge3．Itisn'tsafeforyouto________whiletheearthquakeishappening.A．runoutofthebuildingB．stayinacornerofthebuildingC．coveryourheadwithyourarmsD．coveryourmouthwithatowel4．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Howdangeroustheearthquakeis.B．Howtobesafeinanearthquake.C．Weshouldn'tbeafraidoftheearthquake.D．Howtheearthquakecomesintobeing.BAnearthquakehappenswhentwoplatesrubtogether.Theearthplatestravelindifferentdirectionsandatdifferentspeeds.Ifoneplateisslowlyforcedunderneaththeother,pressure(壓力)buildsupuntiltheplatesbreakapart.Thisprocess(過程)causesthegroundtomove.Itisanearthquake.Inotherwords,earthquakesaretheshakingoftheearth'ssurfacecausedbytheearth'srockyouterlayerasaresultoftheenergystoredwithintheearth.Thestrainwithintherocksissuddenlyreleased(釋放)．Thedamageanearthquakecausesdependsonwhereitisandthetimeitishappening.Ifanunpopulatedregionisstruck,therewillbelowlossoflifeorproperty(財產(chǎn)).Ifithitsalargecity,theremaybemanyinjuriesandmuchdestruction.Manyoftheareasatriskarelargelypopulatednow.Majorearthquakeshittingthoseareastodaycouldproduceterribledamage.Actually,thereareseveralmillionsmallearthquakeseveryyear.Largeearthquakes,suchasthe1964Alaskanquakethatmeasured8.4ontheRichterscale,causemillionsofdollarsindamage.Inthelast500years,millionsofpeoplehavebeenkilledbyearthquakesaroundtheworld—including240,000inthe1976TangshanearthquakeinChina.A60－secondorlessearthquakecancausedevastationthatcontinuesforyearsafterthefirsttremor.In1972,aseriesofsevereearthquakesstruckManagua,Theshakingoftheearthissometimesnotthegreatestdisaster.Itisintheensuingfiresandfloodsthatoftenthegreatestdamageoccurs.Inthe1906earthquake,itwasthefirescausedafteritthatdidthemajorityofthedamage.Anearthquakecanalsodestroydamshighaboveacityorvalleys,causingfloodstosweepdownandsweepawayeverythingintheirpath.5．Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A．Anearthquakecomesfromtheinsideoftheearth.B．Theearthhasgreatenergyinstorage.C．Howtheearthplatesmove.D．Howanearthquakehappens.6．Whichofthefollowingismentionedtoshowthatanearthquakecankilltoomanypeople?A．The1964Alaskanquake.B．The1976Tangshanearthquake.C．The1972Managuaearthquake.D．The1906earthquake.7．Theunderlinedwork“ensuing”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．causingtoomuchheatandgreatdamageB．causingmanyinjuriesandmuchdestructionC．happeningasaresultofanothereventD．happeningsuddenlyandunexpectedly8．BygivingtheexampleinParagraph4,theauthorwantstoshowthat________.A．a(chǎn)nearthquakedoesn'tlastlongB．thedamagecanlastlongC．peopleinManaguasufferedtoomuchD．NicaraguaisstillapoorcountryCAyoungcoupledecidedtogetmarried.Asthebigdaydrewnearerandnearer,theybothgrewnervousbecauseeachofthemhadaproblem.Thebridegroomdecidedtoaskhisfatherforadvice.“Dad，”hesaid,“IloveLilyverymuch,butIhaveverysmellyfeet,soI'mafraidthatshewillnotputupwiththem.”Hisfathersaid,“Allyouhavetodoiswashyourfeetasoftenaspossible,andyoushouldalwayswearsocks,evenwhenyougotobed.”Well,itseemedaworkablesolution,theyoungmanthought.Theyoungwomanturnedtohermother.“Mom，”shesaid,“MymorningbreathissobadthatI'mafraidmynewhusbandwillnotwanttoliveinthesameroomwithme.Ilovehim.Ican'tlivewithouthim.”Hermothersaid,“Inthemorning,getstraightoutofbedwhenyouwakeup,andheadforthebathroomandbrushyourteeth.Don'tsayanywordbeforeyoubrushyourteeth.”Theyoungwomanfollowedhermother'sadvice.Theywerefinallymarriedinawonderfulceremony.Notforgettingtheadviceeachhadreceived,theycarefullyspenteveryday.Thehusbandworehissockseverynightandthewifekepthermorningssilent;theydidquitewelluntilaboutamonthlater.Justbeforedawn,thehusbandwokeonlytofindthatoneofhissockswasgone!Thinkingoftheterribleresult,hefeltfrightenedatonce.Hejumpedupandbegantosearchthebedforhissockinahurry.Ofcourse,thismadethewifewoken.Withoutthinking,thewifeasked,“Whatonearthareyoudoing？”Thehusbandstoppedinsurprise,andthenhecried,“Oh,no!Youmusthaveswallowedmysock！”9．Whattroubledtheyoungmanbeforehegotmarried?A．Hisfeethadanunpleasantsmell.B．Hewasunpreparedforthebigday.C．Hewastoopoortomarrythegirl.D．Hishabitwastoobadtobeknown.10．Whydidthehusbandfeelfrightened?A．Becauseheforgottowearthesocks.B．Becausehissocksweremissing.C．Becausehiswifemightfindthetruth.D．Becauseitwoulddisappointhisfather.11．Thehusbandsaidthelastsentenceofthepassagebecause________.A．hiswifewasveryhungryinthemorningB．hiswifeoftendreamedofeatingthingsC．hewantedtohavehiswifebuynewsocksD．hefoundhiswife'sbreathverysmelly12．Whatwouldhappennextmostprobably?A．Thewifewouldleavethehusbandsoon.B．Thecouplewouldtelleachotherthetruth.C．Thehusbandwouldbuyanewpairofsocks.D．Thecouple'sparentswouldhelpfindthesock.Ⅱ.七選五Wouldyouknowwhattodoifafirestartedinyourhome?Takethetimenowtoreviewthefollowingsafetytips,andyourfamilywillbepreparedintimeofafireinyourhome：__1__Anescapeplancanhelpeverymemberofafamilygetoutofaburninghouse.Theideaistogetoutsidequicklyandsafely.__2__Soitisimportanttolearnandrememberthedifferentwaysoutofyourhome.StaylowIfyoucanseesmokeinthehouse,staylowtothegroundasyoumakeyourwaytotheexit.__3__Youwillbreathelesssmokeifyoustaytotheground.Smokenaturallyrises,soifthereissmokewhileyouareusingyourescaperoute,stayinglowmeansyoucancrawl(爬)undermostofit.Whatifyoucan'tgetoutrightaway?Ifyoucan'tgetoutfastbecausefireorsmokeisstoppinganescaperoute,youwillwanttoyellforhelp.Youcandothisfromanopenwindoworcall911ifyouhaveaphonewithyou.__4__Then,firefighterswillhaveahardtimefindingyou.Thesoonertheyfindyou,thesooneryoubothcangetout.Ifyourclothescatchfire,whatshouldyoudo?Yourclothescouldcatchfireduringafireorbyaccidentifyousteptooclosetoacandle.Ifthishappens,don'trun!Instead,stop,droptotheground,coveryourfacewithyourhands,androll.Thiswillcutofftheairandputouttheflames.__5__A．KnowyourwayoutB．Preventingfiresisinthefirstplace!C．Aneasywaytorememberthisis:Stop,Drop,andRoll!D．Smokefromafirecanmakeithardtoseewherethingsare.E．Theywillhelpprepareyouforwhatyouneedtodoincaseofafire.F．Evenifyouarescared,neverhideunderthebedorinacloset.G．Inafire,smokeandpoisonous(有毒的)airhurtmorepeoplethantheactualflames(火焰)do.Ⅲ.語法填空Everyboyandeverygirlexpectstheirparents1.________(give)themmorepocketmoney.Whydotheirparentsjustgivethemacertainamount?Onemainpurposeistoletkids2.________(learn)howtomanagetheirownmoney.Theamountofmoney3.________parentsgivetotheirchildrentospendastheywish4.________(differ)fromfamilytofamily.Childrenareexpectedtomakea5.________(choose)betweenspendingandsaving.Atfirst,someyoungchildrenmayspendallofthemoneysoonaftertheyreceiveit.Parents6.________(advise)nottooffermoremoneyuntilitistherighttime.Bydoingso,thesechildrenwilllearnthat7.________(spend)mustbedonewithabudget.Pocketmoneycangivechildren8.________chancetoexperiencethreethingstheycandowiththemoney.Theycanspenditbygivingittoagoodcause.Theycanspenditbybuyingthingstheywant.Theycansaveit9.________futureuse.Saving10.________(help)childrenunderstandthatcostlygoalsrequiresacrifice.Savingcanalsoopenthedoortofuturesavingandinvestingforchildren.課時作業(yè)(三)DiscoveringUsefulStructures(Grammar)必備學問基礎練Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．supply2.erupt3.volcano4.hurricane5.surrive6.typhoonⅡ.單句語法填空1．that/which2.whose3.that/which4.who/that5.whose6．that7.that8.who9.whom/who/that10.thatⅢ.把下列句子改寫成含有定語從句的主從復合句1．Theboyswho/thatareplayingfootballaremyfriends.2．Theperson(who/whom/that)youshouldaskaboutthematterisMr.Ball.3．Itisthemostinterestingfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.4．Iknowthestudentwhosearticlewaspublished.5．Thefish(that/which)weboughtyesterdayisn'tfresh.關鍵實力綜合練Ⅰ.閱讀A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過對如何在地震中幸存下來和愛護好自己的講解，提高我們的平安防范意識。1．答案與解析：B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第三句“Butdon'tworrybecausemostaresoweakthattheycannotbefelt.”可知大多數(shù)地震都很“微弱”。故選B。2．答案與解析：B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“Stayunderadesk,table,orotherstrongfurniture.”可知地震發(fā)生時我們應當躲在書桌、餐桌或其他堅硬的家具下面。故選B。3．答案與解析：A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“Donotgooutside.Youcouldgetinjuredfromfallingglassorpartsofbuildings.”以及第三段最終一句“Stayinsideuntilshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.”可知地震期間不要出去會更平安一些。故選A。4．答案與解析：B主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“However,it'simportanttoknowwhattodowhenanearthquakeishappening.”以及下文每一段的首句可知本文講的是地震來臨的時候如何愛護自己。故選B。B【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了地震發(fā)生的緣由并結(jié)合實例說明不同程度的地震所帶來的影響是不一樣的。5．答案與解析：D主旨大意題。由第一段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講解并描述了地震是如何發(fā)生的：地球板塊的相互碰撞導致壓力不斷聚集，直至板塊的裂開，這個過程會引起地面的移動，地震也隨之而發(fā)生，故D項正確。6．答案與解析：B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。四個選項中只有1976年唐山大地震提到了死亡的詳細人數(shù)，而其他三處地震均未涉及死亡人數(shù)的問題，故B項正確。7．答案與解析：C詞義揣測題。由下文對1906年地震的描述可知，火災是地震發(fā)生后引起的，由此可以推斷ensuing表示“隨之而發(fā)生的”，故C項正確。8．答案與解析：B寫作意圖題。本段第一句是主旨句。1972年地震發(fā)生，而15年后，該城的狀況仍和當年地震發(fā)生一周后一樣，表明地震帶來的危害可能會持續(xù)很長時間。C【語篇解讀】本文是一則幽默故事，主要講一對新婚夫婦在婚前向?qū)Ψ诫[瞞了自己的毛病，婚后一個月內(nèi)他們倆掩飾得都很好，但最終有一天出現(xiàn)狀況。他們彼此深愛對方，所以在這之后最有可能發(fā)生的是彼此坦白，說明真相，最終相互諒解。9．答案與解析：A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Ihaveverysmellyfeet,soI'mafraid