2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語課時(shí)作業(yè)5Unit2OnwardsandupwardsUsinglanguage含解析外研版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEUnit2Ⅰ.閱讀理解EveryyearinAmerica,high-schoolstudentswhowanttogoontocollegetakeanationalexaminationcalledtheScholasticAptitudeTest,orSATforshort.Theirscoreisanimportantfactorindeterminingwhichcollegeswilladmitthem.TheScholasticAptitudeTestmeasuresone'smathematicalabilityanduseoftheEnglishlanguage.Traditionally,theEnglishpartinvolvedgrammaticalquestionsandparagraphsthattestreadingcomprehension.ButtheSATfolkshaveaddedasinglequestion,tobeansweredinanessay,handwrittenonthespot.That'saninterestingwaytotestwritingability,butcontentaside.Haveyoueverseenyoungpeople'shandwritinglately?Oranyone'sforthatmatter,inthisageofcomputerkeyboards?Studentswritenumbersandsigntheirnamesonbankchecks.Theyscribbleclassnotesinwhatcangenerouslybedescribedasthewrittenword.Yettoday'skidsareaskedtowrite,thoughtfullyandclearly,forseveralminutesonthisSATtest.Goodlucktothetextscorerswhomustworkoutdifficultlythescrawl(潦草的筆跡)ofyoungpeoplewho'vebeentypingoncomputerssincetheageofthree!Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone'sscoreontheSAT,butalso,lateroninlife,impresspotentialemployers.Anddon'tforget,weallhavetousehandwritingfromtimetotime,ascomputersgodownwhenthepowergoesout.Thenhowtoimprovethehandwriting?Well,withafewsimplestepsyoucanimproveyourhandwriting.Positionthepen.Youshouldholdthepenbetweentheforefingerandthethumb.Youshouldthenrestitnearthefirstknuckle(指節(jié))ofthemiddlefinger.Therestofyourfingersshouldbecurled(卷曲)underyourhandandyourhandshouldremainrelaxed.Evaluateyourwriting.Whatdoyoulikeandwhatdon'tyoulikeaboutthewayyouwrite?Makechangestoyourletterstillyoulikehowtheylook.Takeyourtime.Makesurethat,whileyouarewriting,youtakeyourtime.Speedcandefinitelymakeyourwritingterrible.Ifitisworthwritingwell,thentakeyourtime.Practice.Practiceitalot;it'snotenoughtodoitonceandhopeforthebest.Ithastobesomethingyouworkattomakegreatimprovements.這是一篇說明文。在美國，每年想要上高校的中學(xué)生都要參與一項(xiàng)叫作學(xué)術(shù)實(shí)力傾向測試的全國考試，簡稱SAT。這個(gè)考試增加了當(dāng)場書寫部分，但是當(dāng)前學(xué)生不注意書寫，因此短文也介紹了如何提高書寫的建議。所以此項(xiàng)改革會督促學(xué)生練字。1．Atpresent,theSATtestsstudentson________.A．math,English,readingandwriting B．math,grammar,readingandhandwritingC．math,foreignlanguageandwritingD．math,foreignlanguageandhandwriting答案：B解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段以及其次段“TheScholasticAptitudeTestmeasuresone'smathematicalabilityanduseoftheEnglishlanguage.Traditionally,theEnglishpartinvolvedgrammaticalquestionsandparagraphsthattestreadingcomprehension.ButtheSATfolkshaveaddedasinglequestion,tobeansweredinanessay,handwrittenonthespot.”可知，學(xué)業(yè)實(shí)力傾向測驗(yàn)衡量一個(gè)人的數(shù)學(xué)實(shí)力和對英語的運(yùn)用。傳統(tǒng)上，英語部分涉及語法問題和測試閱讀理解的段落。但是SAT考試增加了一個(gè)問題，要求考生當(dāng)場手寫來回答問題。所以目前，SAT考試考查的是學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)，語法，閱讀和書寫。故選B項(xiàng)。2.Theunderlinedword“scribble”inParagraph2probablymeans________.A．writingquicklyandroughly B．typingsimplyandcorrectlyC．paintingclearlyandneatlyD．describingproperlyandwell答案：A解析：詞義揣測題。由第三段“Goodlucktothetextscorerswhomustworkoutdifficultlythescrawl(潦草的筆跡)ofyoungpeoplewho'vebeentypingoncomputerssincetheageofthree！”可知，祝那些必需克服這些潦草的字跡給三歲起就起先在電腦上打字的年輕人的寫作評分的人好運(yùn)。所以通過上下文的語境可以推斷出，在第2段畫線的“scribble”一詞可能是指寫得又快又粗略。故選A項(xiàng)。3．Accordingtothetext,goodhandwritingcan________.A．helpstudentspassthetest B．makeastudentmorepopularC．showstudents'ability D．a(chǎn)ssiststudentsingettingajob答案：D解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone'sscoreontheSAT,butalso,lateroninlife,impresspotentialemployers.”可知，老師們堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，好的書寫不僅能幫助一個(gè)人在SAT考試中取得好成果，而且在以后的生活中，還能給潛在的雇主留下深刻的印象。所以依據(jù)短文，好的書寫可以幫助學(xué)生找工作。故選D項(xiàng)。4．Theauthormainlywantstotellusthat________.A．writingseemstobeveryimportantintheSATB．thosewhowillgotocollegehavetotaketheSATC．studentsshouldpracticehandwritingmoreoftenD．kidsdon'tknowhowtowriteinthecomputerage答案：C解析：推理推斷題。通讀全文可知，在美國，每年想要上高校的中學(xué)生都要參與一項(xiàng)叫作學(xué)術(shù)實(shí)力傾向測試的全國考試，簡稱SAT。這個(gè)考試增加了當(dāng)場書寫部分，但是當(dāng)前學(xué)生不注意書寫，因此短文也介紹了如何提高書寫的建議。所以此項(xiàng)改革會督促學(xué)生練字。所以作者通過這篇短文主要想告知學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)多練習(xí)書寫。故選C項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.七選五There'refivefactorswhichcontributetothespreadoffakenews:politicalgain;misreporting;goingviral(病毒式傳播);financialgain;and“notlettingthetruthgetinthewayofagoodstory”．__1__WhentheTitanicdisasterhappened,TelegramsstatingthatallthepassengersfromtheTitanichadbeenrescuedwerereportedasfactinnewspapers,beforethefullextentofthetragedycametolight.__2__Intheearly20thcenturyittookyearsratherthansecondsbuttheprinciplewasthesame.Peoplesharedthephotographsaround,notcheckingtheaccuracyofthem,eitherwantingtobelievetheywerereal,orjustbecausetheywereanovelty.It'slongbeenbelievedthatthemottoofFleetStreetwas“neverletthefactsgetinthewayofagoodstory”，illustratedbyanewsstoryearlierin2024thatJeremyCorbynhadrefusedtobowhisheadtotheQueenatthestateopeningofParliament.Onlylaterdiditbecomeknownthatprotocol(禮節(jié))doesn'trequirebowingtotheQueeninthesesituations.__3__Thefinaltwofactorsforastorytobefakenewsoftengohandinhand:asapoliticaltool,andamusttomakeprofit.__4__Easierthanyou'dthink.Thewebsiteswithfakenewscaneasilygetastonishinghits,whichthenattractsadvertisementsandthusearnthewebsiteownersaniceprofit.Thegoodnewsisthatanumberofnewmediaorganizationsaretryingtoencourageustothinkaboutwherenewscomesfrom,whoputsitout,andwhetheranyonecangainpolitically,financiallyorideologicallybyit,beforeweshareitaroundsocialmedia.__5__A．Howdoesthatmakemoney?B．Howdopeoplegainpolitically?C．Butthatdidn'tmatter,thestorywasout.D．Hereisagoodexampleofmisreporting.E．Thatwashowagoodstorycameintobeing.F．Goingviralisanothertypicalcharacteristicoffakenews.G．Thuswecangiveitcertainrespectabilityandtrustworthiness.本文是一篇說明文，傳播虛假新聞有五個(gè)緣由，文章對這五個(gè)緣由做了舉例說明并建議人們在傳播信息之前要細(xì)致思索這個(gè)消息的來源以及誰能夠從中獲利等，以此來確定新聞的真實(shí)性。1．D解析：橫線后一句“WhentheTitanicdisasterhappened,TelegramsstatingthatallthepassengersfromtheTitanichadbeenrescuedwerereportedasfactinnewspapers”告知我們當(dāng)泰坦尼克號沉沒的時(shí)候，新聞報(bào)道說全部乘客都獲救了。這屬于典型的虛假新聞，列舉的是錯(cuò)誤報(bào)道的例子，所以D項(xiàng)“Hereisagoodexampleofmisreporting.”符合語境，故選擇D項(xiàng)。2．F解析：橫線后一句“Intheearly20thcenturyittookyearsratherthansecondsbuttheprinciplewasthesame.”告知我們在20世紀(jì)早期虛假新聞的傳播要好幾年，而現(xiàn)在只要幾秒鐘。雖然時(shí)間差別很大，但是這種病毒式傳播虛假新聞的原則是一樣的，所以F項(xiàng)“Goingviralisanothertypicalcharacteristicoffakenews.”符合語境，故選擇F項(xiàng)。3．C解析：橫線前一句中列舉事例告知我們事實(shí)上JeremyCorbyn在國會上并不須要向女王鞠躬，但他拒絕向女王鞠躬