Unit4SpaceExplorationDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件高中英語人教版

Unit4

SpaceExplorationDiscoveringUsefulStructuresInfinitivesastheattributeandtheadverbialSendsomeonetolovemeIneedtorestinarmsKeepmesafefromharminpouringrainGivemeendlesssummerLordIfearthecoldFeelI'mgettingoldBeforemytimeAsmysoulhealstheshameIwillgrowthroughthispainLordI'mdoingallIcantobeabettermanGoeasyonmyconscience'Causeit'snotmyfaultIknowI'vebeentaughttotaketheblameRestassuredmyangelsWillcatchmytearsWalkmeoutofhereI'minpainAsmysoulhealstheshameIwillgrowthroughthispainLordI'mdoingallIcantobeabettermanBetterman1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。Definitionofinfinitives：

不定式是動詞的一種非限定形式,由“to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能獨立作謂語。

但不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句中可以作主語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語、定語、狀語等。以下不定式充當(dāng)什么成分？Toliveabroadisnoteasy.Sheplannedtovisitherparentsnextweek.Thequestionishowtogetthere.ThefirstpersontocomeisMr.Brown.HewenttoFrancetolearnFrench.Hisfatherencouragedhimtofindanewjob.主語賓語表語定語目的狀語賓語補足語InfinitivesastheattributePartOne1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。1.動詞不定式作定語常放在不定代詞或名詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。Letusgivehimsomething

toeat.

讓我們給他一些吃的東西。Wehavemuchhomework

todo

tonight.今晚我們有很多作業(yè)要做。1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。2.作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞,或不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點，工具等，不定式后面需有相應(yīng)的介詞。TheGreenhaveacomfortablehousetolivein.

格林一家有一幢舒適的房子可以居住。Hereissomepaperforyoutowriteon.

這是給你寫字的紙張。*如果動詞不定式修飾的名詞是time，place或way，不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上會省略。 Tomhasnoplace

tolive

becausehishousehasbeenburnttotheground.湯姆沒有地方住，因為他的房子已經(jīng)被徹底焚毀了。1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。3.名詞前有序數(shù)詞和last,next,only,no,all,any等詞以及最高級修飾時,其后要用動詞不定式。 ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.

她是第一個在奧運會中贏得金牌的女性。Youaretheonlypersontobelate.你是唯一一個遲到的人。1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。4.抽象名詞attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,plan,way等后面常用不定式作后置定語。ButJannyhastheabilityanddesire

todousefulwork.但是詹尼有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。Shesaidshehadnoplantogothere.她說她沒有去那里的打算。1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。5.當(dāng)名詞與定語之間存在動賓關(guān)系時。動賓關(guān)系指的是被修飾詞是構(gòu)成動詞不定式的動詞的邏輯賓語，所以作定語的不定式不能帶賓語。Iusuallyhavealotofmeetingstoattend.我通常有很多會議要參加。Sheisanicepersontoworkwith.她是一個很好的合作伙伴。1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。6.當(dāng)名詞與定語之間存在主謂關(guān)系時。主謂關(guān)系指的是被修飾詞是構(gòu)成動詞不定式的動詞的邏輯主語。此時的動詞不定式在意義上相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。Wemustfindapersontodothejob.=Wemustfindapersonwho/thatcandothejob.我們必須找到一個人來做這項工作。Weneedsomeonetogoandgetadoctor.=Weneedsomeonethatcangoandgetadoctor.我們需要有人去請醫(yī)生。我們接到了離開這個城市的命令。7.當(dāng)名詞與定語有同位關(guān)系時。同位關(guān)系指的是不定式對所修飾的名詞的內(nèi)容起解釋、說明作用。Wegottheordertoleavethecity.我們接到了離開這個城市的命令。Theydon'thaveenouehevidencetoprove

thatshewaswrong.他們沒有充足的證據(jù)證明她是錯的。1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。Practice1.Theairport_________________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

2.Doyouhaveanything_______(do)tonight?

3.Thebestway__________(improve)yourEnglishistojoinanEnglishclub.

4.I’dliketohaveafewbooks_______(read)duringthetrip.

5.Chinaisthethirdcountryintheworld_______(send)menintospace.6.Maryhadgreatdetermination_________(achieve)hergoal.7.TheGermangirlhastheability________(learn)Chinesewell.8.Ihavesomethingimportant__________(tell)you.9.Themanageristhelast________(come)tothemeeting.10.Thelittleboyhasnoone________________(play).tobecompletedtodotoimprovetoreadtosendtoachievetolearntotelltocometoplaywithInfinitivesasadverbialPartTwo1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。不定式作目的狀語

動詞不定式作目的狀語時可位于句首或句末，句首常用逗號隔開，常用結(jié)構(gòu)有inorderto和soasto，但soasto不可位于句首。

TolearnEnglishwell,

youmustputyourheartintoit.Sheranfastallthewaysoastocatchthelastbus.

Inordertopass

theexam,Janeworkedhardtillmidnight.1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。不定式作結(jié)果狀語

多見于“too...to”；“enoughto...”；“onlytodo”（常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果）；“so/such...asto的句型中。 Sheissoproudastolookdownuponothers.

Hewentbackhome,onlytofind

hishousehadbeenbrokeninto.特別提醒現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別01Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlytofinditdidn’tfit.她焦急地從包裹里拿出衣服試穿，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)衣服不合身。02Hisfatherpassedaway,leavinghimalittlemoney.他父親去世了，留給他一點錢。動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語強調(diào)的是一種意想不到的結(jié)果；而現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語強調(diào)的是一種順承的，必然造成的結(jié)果。1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。不定式作原因狀語

動詞不定式常跟在一些形容詞之后說明產(chǎn)生某種情緒的原因。常見的形容詞有happy,lucky,

surprised,

sorry,glad,delighted,

anxious,

interested,woried等。 Wewereastonished

tofind

thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition. Shewasdisappointed

tohearthenews.1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。Practice1._________(make)himselfheard,heraisedhisvoice.2.Heistoohonestaman________(tell)alie.3.Shegotupearlierthenextdaysoas__________(catch)thefirstbus.4.Asweallknow,fewpeoplecanlive________(be)ahundred.5.Themorningairissogood_________(breath)thathegetsupearlyeveryday.6._______(enjoy)theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.7.Shereturenedonly________(find)thatnoonewasathome.8.Wemustdowhatwecan_______(help)thoseinneed.9.DuringtheSpringFestival,familiesgettogether_________(enjoy)abigdinner.10.Hewalkstooslowly________(get)thereontime.TomaketotelltocatchtobetobreathToenjoytofindtohelptoenjoytoget一、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1)OurEnglishteacherhasmanyways_____________(make)herclassinteresting.2)Hehasalotofwork___________(do)everyweekend.3)Theyarelookingforaroom______________(live).4)Ihavenochance__________(go)sightseeingwithsomuchworktodo.5)Theairport____________________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

6）Thedoctorsarebusydoingwhattheycan_____________(save)thedyingman.7）Theoldmanwastooangry_____________(say)aword.8）HehurriedtothestationtoseeTomoff,only_____________(find)hehadalreadyleft.Testforgoals一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.OurEnglishteacherhasmanyways________(make)herclasslively.2.Hehasalotofwork

_______(do)everyweekend.3.Theyarelookingforaroom

____________(live).4.Ihavenochance________(go)sightseeingwithsomuchworktodo.5.Theairport__________________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

6.Thedoctorsarebusydoingwhattheycan________(save)thedyingman.7.Theoldmanwastooangry________(say)aword.8.HehurriedtothestationtoseeTomoff,only_______(find)hehadalreadyleft.9.Themeeting_______(take)placenextweekissuretobeagreatsuccess.10.Helenhadtoshout_________(make)herselfheard.tomaketodotoliveintogotobecompeletedtosavetosaytofindtotaketomake1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。二、語法填空。 1.________(send)peopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoal2.__________(achieve).Oneofthebig