（高考英語(yǔ)作文煉句）第1篇譯文老師筆記

PAGEPAGE11.為了保證每個(gè)學(xué)生的受教育權(quán)利,當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校要滿足有誦讀困難的孩子的特殊教育需求.Withaviewto

guaranteeing

(1.為了保證)everystudent’srightsto

receiveeducation(2.受教育),localschoolsneedto

meetthespecialeducationalneeds

(3.滿足特殊教育需求)ofthe

dyslexic

(4.誦讀困難的)children.1-withaviewto(doing)something是一個(gè)固定表達(dá),含義是"目的是,為了”withtheaimofdoingsomething

目的是,為了?Thesemeasureshavebeentakenwithaviewtoincreasingthecompany'sprofits.采取這些措施的目的是為了增加公司的利潤(rùn).外刊例句：Chelsea’smissioninthesummerwillbetostrengthenfurther,addingmorehigh-calibreplayerstoanalreadycapablesquad,withaviewto

usingthisseason’ssuccessasaspringboardtorejoiningtheEuropeanelite.(TheGuardian)

可供替換的表達(dá)還有：inordertodosomething/withtheaimofdoingsomething注意：withaviewtoguaranteeing

不可以替換成withaviewtoprotecting,因?yàn)閜rotect的含義是tomakesurethatsomebody/somethingisnotharmed,injured,damaged,etc.本句是保證需求,因此protect不可與guarantee替換2-

receiveeducation是一個(gè)固定搭配,含義是"接受教育”,也可以寫(xiě)成get/haveeducationeducation[?ed.j?'ke?.??n]

noun

[SorU]

ESSENTIAL

■theprocessofteachingorlearninginaschoolor

college,ortheknowledgethatyougetfromthis

教育;受教育獲得的知識(shí)?Asachildhe

received

mostofhis

education

athome.童年時(shí)他主要在家中接受教育.?It'sacountrywhichplacesgreatimportanceon

education.這是個(gè)非常重視教育的國(guó)家.?Shelecturesin

education

(=thestudyof

education)attheteachertrainingcollege.她在教師培訓(xùn)學(xué)院講授教育學(xué).?It'simportantforchildrentogetagood

education.孩子得到良好的教育是非常重要的.

外刊例句：Ourmainpoint

ofcontactwithhowourchildren

receive

education

isthroughhomework.(TheGuardian)3-

meet/satisfyspecialeducationalneeds,"滿足特殊教育需求”.educational

/

?ed?u?kei??nl

/

?

adj.

?connectedwitheducation;providingeducation

?

教育的;有關(guān)教育的;有教育意義的：

?childrenwithspecialeducationalneeds

需要特殊教育的孩子

?aneducationalpsychologist

教育心理學(xué)家

?aneducationalvisit

教育訪問(wèn)

?educationalgames/toys

(=that

teachyousthaswellasamusingyou)

寓教于樂(lè)的游戲/玩具

?Watchingtelevisioncanbevery

educational.

看電視可以使人受到很多教益.

外刊例句：

Numbersof

childrenwith

specialeducational

needs

arerising,partlybecauseofsuccessinkeepingverypremature

babiesalive：lesstimeinthewombmeansmoreproblemsoutsideit.(The

Economist)注意：educational

needs是一個(gè)固定搭配,不可以寫(xiě)成educationneeds,也不可以寫(xiě)成educationaldemands4-dyslexic含義是"有讀寫(xiě)障礙的,誦讀困難的”dyslexic[d?'slek.s?k]

adjective

noun

countable

■(someone)havingdyslexia

有讀寫(xiě)障礙的;有讀寫(xiě)障礙者外刊例句：

Itwasthoughtthatonly

dyslexicchildren

wereproneto

confusing"b”and"d”,and"p”and"q”,andoccasionallywritingtheirnamesback-to-front,butDrDehaenehasfoundthatallchildrenmakethiserror.(TheEconomist)

可供替換的表達(dá)：havedifficultyinreadingandspelling/withdyslexia1.

right的常見(jiàn)搭配是righttodosomething,因此everystudent’srightstoreceiveeducation不可以寫(xiě)成everystudent’srightsofreceivingeducation2.

Q：關(guān)于"要”的翻譯,應(yīng)如何區(qū)分呢?大部分時(shí)候根據(jù)句意使用need,但有時(shí)也可要用should?這里不甚明晰,望老師指正A：needtodosomething和shoulddosomething在很多情況下可以互換,朗文詞典對(duì)于needto

dosomething有一個(gè)釋義為：usedwhensayingthatsomeone

shoulddosomethingorhastodosomething,例如：Ineed

tocatchuponmyofficework.我必須趕趕我的辦公室工作了.這個(gè)時(shí)候句子也可以寫(xiě)成：Ishouldcatchuponmyofficework.

但need

todosomething還有另外一層意思,"想要做某事,需要做某事”(tofeelthat

youwantsomethingverymuch),例如劍橋詞典例句：Mostpeople

needtofeelloved.大多數(shù)人都需要有被愛(ài)的感覺(jué).這個(gè)時(shí)候句子就不能替換為Most

peopleshouldfeelloved.2.

在數(shù)字化革命的年代,一些人認(rèn)為許多傳統(tǒng)學(xué)科已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了.

Intheageof

(1.在……的年代)digitalrevolution(2.數(shù)字化革命),somepeoplebelievethatmany

traditionaldisciplines

(3.傳統(tǒng)學(xué)科)have

outlivedtheirusefulness(4.過(guò)時(shí)).

1-intheageofsomething含義是"在……的時(shí)代”,例如in

theageoftechnology/theInternet,"在科技時(shí)代/在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代”.

aparticularperiodofhistorySYNera：Wearelivingintheageoftechnology.beliveMolecular

biologyispushingmedicineintoanewage.也可以說(shuō)

inan

eraofsomething,例如：Weliveinaneraof

instantcommunication.

我們生活在一個(gè)信息即時(shí)交流的時(shí)代.外刊例句：Jobswillbelost

intheageof

automationbutthecreativeindustrieswillgrowandtheabilitytoworkwithambiguity,diversityandempathywillbevalued.(TheGuardian)注意：in

theageofdigitalrevolution不能寫(xiě)成inanageofdigitalrevolution

2-digitalrevolution是一個(gè)專用名詞,即"數(shù)字革命”TheDigitalRevolutionisthechangefrommechanicalandanalogueelectronictechnologytodigitalelectronicswhichbegananywherefromthelate1950stothelate1970swiththeadoptionandproliferationofdigitalcomputersanddigitalrecordkeepingthatcontinuestothepresentday.

可參考維基百科解釋https：///wiki/Digital_Revolution外刊例句：Whetherthe

digitalrevolution

willbringmass

jobcreationtomakeupforitsmassjobdestructionremainstobeseen.(The

Economist)注意：digital

revolution不能錯(cuò)寫(xiě)成digitalevolution,evolution含義是"進(jìn)化”,與revolution(革命)不同.此外,也不能寫(xiě)成digitalreform,reform有"改進(jìn),改革”的意思,程度比"革命”弱.

3-discipline在這里是指大學(xué)的學(xué)科、專業(yè).['d?s.?.pl?n]

noun

SUBJECT

課程

countable

■aparticularareaofstudy,especiallya

subjectstudiedatacollegeoruniversity

(尤指大學(xué)或?qū)W院設(shè)立的)專業(yè)

外刊例句：

Researchcombiningtheexpertisefrom

traditional

disciplines

likephysics,chemistry,mathematicsandcomputingalongwith

theemergingfieldsofgeneticsandbiomolecularsciencesisseenasoneof

themostdynamicareasofscienceoverthenextdecade.(TheGuardian)"傳統(tǒng)學(xué)科”除了可以說(shuō)traditionaldisciplines之外,還可以說(shuō)traditional

school/academicsubjects

4-outliveyourusefulness是一個(gè)詞組,含義是"不再有價(jià)值;已無(wú)用”outliveyourusefulness

■tonolongerbeuseful

不再有價(jià)值;已沒(méi)用?Thisoldsystemhas

outlived

itsusefulness.這個(gè)老系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)沒(méi)用了.外刊例句：Thesmartcityis,tomanyurbanthinkers,justabuzzphrasethathasoutliveditsusefulness：‘thewrongideapitchedinthewrongwaytothewrongpeople’.(TheGuardian)

可供替換的表達(dá)還有：benolongeruseful/beout-of-date

/beoutdated注意：outliveyourusefulness不能與beathingofthepast換用,beathingofthepast

表示"不復(fù)存在”,如

anewdevicethatmakessuch

problemsathingofthepast

使這類問(wèn)題不復(fù)存在的新裝置.本句中學(xué)科仍存在,因此不能換用.

Q：Somearguetherearemany

traditionalsubjectsalreadyoutdatedintheageofdigitalrevolution.想請(qǐng)教老師我的句子結(jié)構(gòu),我的賓語(yǔ)從句用的therebe句型,是否可以?A：句子語(yǔ)法上雖然沒(méi)有問(wèn)題,但是太過(guò)拖沓,建議在平時(shí)寫(xiě)作時(shí)盡量減少there

be句型的使用.這里可以改為Somearguemanytraditionalsubjectshave

alreadybeenoutdatedintheageofdigitalrevolution.3.

在電子時(shí)代,越來(lái)越多的電子游戲被設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)用于實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目的.In

thedigitalage(1.電子時(shí)代),

anincreasingnumberof

(2.越來(lái)越多的……)videogames

(3.電子游戲)havebeendesignedto

serveeducationalpurposes(4.實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目的).

1-digitalage是一個(gè)固定表達(dá),含義是"電子時(shí)代”.

digitalagenoun

[

singular

]the

\o"present"present

\o"time"time,whenmost

\o"information"informationisina

\o"digital"digital\o"form"form,especiallywhencomparedtothe

\o"time"time

when

\o"computers"computers

werenotused：

Investorsseemunsureaboutthe

\o"long-term"long-term

futureofthemusic

\o"industry"industry

inthe

\o"digital"digital

age.也可以說(shuō)

inaneraofsomething,例如：Weliveinaneraofinstantcommunication.

我們生活在一個(gè)信息即時(shí)交流的時(shí)代.外刊例句：Astowhethertheworkforcecouldshrinkacrosstheindustry

inthedigitalage,ultimatelygeologistsandengineersbelievetechnologywillnotputthemoutofajob,becauseproducingoilisartaswellasscience.(TheEconomist)注意：digitalage是一個(gè)固定表達(dá),不能寫(xiě)成electronicage/electronictimedigitalage前面要加定冠詞the,indigitalage要改為inthedigitalage注意：intheageofdigitalrevolution不能寫(xiě)成inanageofdigitalrevolution2-

anincreasingnumberofsomething含義是"越來(lái)越多的……”UK

['n?m.b?r]

US

[-b?]

noun

AMOUNT

數(shù)量

ESSENTIAL

onlysingular

[+sing/plverb]

■anamountortotal

數(shù)目;總數(shù)?Thenumberofpeoplekilledinroadaccidentsfelllastmonth.上個(gè)月,死于交通事故的人數(shù)有所下降.?Therehasbeen

an

increasing

number

of

casesofthedisease.患這種病的人數(shù)持續(xù)上升.外刊例句：Anincreasingnumberof

asylumseekersarebeingreleasedfromdetentionafteralmoststarvingthemselvestodeath,theGuardianhaslearned.(TheGuardian)可供替換的表達(dá)：a

growingnumberofsomething/moreandmore/increasingnumbersofsomething

注意：increasing前面的冠詞an不能省略,另外不能寫(xiě)成anincreasinglynumberofsomething,increasingly是副詞,不能修飾名詞.3-

videogames是指"電子游戲”(注意這是一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞,使用時(shí)一般要加復(fù)數(shù))videogamenoun

countable

ADVANCED

■agameinwhichtheplayercontrolsmovingpicturesonascreenbypressingbuttons

電子游戲

外刊例句：Scaremongeringstoriesabouttheclear-cutnegativeeffectsofvideogamescropupinthenewsfartoooften,butwhenyoustarttodigintotheevidencebehindtheclaims,thestorybecomesmurky.(TheGuardian)

可供替換的表達(dá)：electronic/computergames4-

serveapurpose是一個(gè)常見(jiàn)搭配,含義是"達(dá)到某一目的”,serveeducationalpurposes即"達(dá)到教學(xué)目的”serveapurpose

■tohaveause

起作用?Thesesmallvillageshopsserveavery

useful

purpose.村里的這些小商店非常有用.外刊例句：Theappsthatwereputontoteacher's

iPadshadbeenthoroughlyresearched,astheappstorecanbeadaunting

placesearchingforappropriateappsfor

educational

purposes.(TheGuardian)我們也可以說(shuō)

fulfileducationalpurposesQ：句子的時(shí)態(tài)我用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),不知道是否可以?A：這里應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響.an

increasingnumberofvideogameshavebeendesignedtoserveeducational

purposes強(qiáng)調(diào)越來(lái)越多的電子游戲已經(jīng)被設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)用于實(shí)現(xiàn)教育目的,強(qiáng)調(diào)"已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)”這一件事帶來(lái)的影響.4.那所寄宿學(xué)校嚴(yán)格的全日制教育幫助這名女孩在早年培養(yǎng)了獨(dú)立意識(shí).A

full-timeeducation

(1.全日制教育)inthat

boardingschool

(2.寄宿學(xué)校)helps

thisgirl

develop

asenseofindependence

(3.培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立意識(shí))atanearlyage(4.在早年).

1-full-timeeducation含義是"全日制教育”,常見(jiàn)的搭配為

enter/receive/beinfull-timeeducation?MostchildrenintheUKremainin

full-timeeducationuntiltheyareatleast16yearsold.在英國(guó),大多數(shù)孩子至少在16歲之前都要接受全日制教育.外刊例句：Currentlythereisnorequirementtoprovidemothersagedupto16with

afull-timeeducation

iftheycannotattendschooltowardstheendoftheirpregnancyandintheweeksafterthebirth.(TheGuardian)可供替換的表達(dá)：full-timeschoolingbepush也可以說(shuō)

inaneraofsomething,例如：Weliveinaneraofinstantcommunication.

我們生活在一個(gè)信息即時(shí)交流的時(shí)代.注意：intheageofdigitalrevolution不能寫(xiě)成inanageofdigitalrevolution2-boardingschool是一個(gè)固定搭配,含義是"寄宿學(xué)?！眀oardingschoolnoun

countable

■aschoolwherestudentsliveandstudy

寄宿學(xué)校與之對(duì)應(yīng)的"走讀學(xué)?！眲t是dayschooldayschoolnoun

countable

■aprivateschoolwhosestudentsreturnhomeinthe

evening

不供宿的私立學(xué)校

外刊例句：

Iadaptedtothe