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大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試模擬試卷七十六

(總分:710.00,做題時(shí)間:130分鐘)

PartIWriting(總題數(shù):1,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)

1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybased

onthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthe

pictureandthendiscusstheimportanceofgrammarinEnglishlearning.Youshould

givesoundargumentstosupportyourviewsandwriteatleast150wordsbutno

morethan200words.

(分?jǐn)?shù):106.50)

正確答案:([范文]

GrammarorGrandma

Thepicturedepictsascenewhereagirlaskshergrandmatohelpherwith

Englishwhilecallingher"grammar",awordsimilarto"grandma"inpronunciation.

ClearlythegirlisbadlyinneedofhelpwithherEnglishgrammar.Nowadayssome

peopleadvocatethatgrammarisnotimportantinEnglishlearning.However,asfar

asIamconcerned,grammarstillplaysavitalroleinthelearningofEnglish.

Foronething,grammarisofgreatimportanceinreadingandlistening

comprehension.Onlywhenyouunderstandthestructureofacomplicatedsentence

canyougetholdofitsmeaning.Otherwise,youcannotunderstandthesentence

evenifyouknowallthewords.Foranother;grammarisalsoveryimportantin

speakingandwriting.Yourintentionsmaynotbeproperlycomprehendedwithout

correctgrammar;whichmayleadtoconfusionorperhapsevenconflicts.Therefore,

whenexpressingyourself,youshouldusenotonlycorrectwordsbutalsocorrect

grammar.

Tosumup,grammarisusefulandcrucialinbothreceivinganddelivering

messages.Youshouldexertyourselftomastergrammarinordertohaveabetter

commandofEnglish.)

解析:

PartIIListeningComprehension(總題數(shù):0,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)

SectionA(總題數(shù):8,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)

.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.(分?jǐn)?shù):28.40)

A.Yourheartrateislowered.

B.ltbecomeshardertorelax.V

C.Youbecometootiredtosleep.

D.SIeeprhythmsaredisrupted.

解析:[聽力原文]

W:Mr.Kim.Lotsofpeoplearesufferingfrombeingunabletosleep,including

me.

M:Well,youmustbefeelingbad,twistingaround,andtryingtofinda

comfortableposition.Butyou'reprobablyonlymakingmattersworse.

W:Really.Ithoughtchangingpositionswouldhelp.

M:That'snotright.Whathappensisthatyourheartrateactuallyincreases,

makingitmoredifficulttorelax.Youmayalsohavesomebadhabitsthatcontribute

totheproblem.

W:Really?Likewhat?

M:Doyourestfrequentlyduringtheday?Doyougetvirtuallynoexercise,or

doyouexercisetoomuchlateintheday?Doyousleepalotorsleeplateon

weekends?

W:You'retalkingaboutme!I'mleadingalifelikethat.Iguesslotsofpeople

dolikethis.

M:Haha!Anyofthesefactsmightbeleadingtoyourinsomniabydisrupting

yourbody'snaturalrhythm.

W:Whatshouldwedothenonthosesleeplessnights?Shouldwetakesome

sleepingpills?

M;Don'tbotherwithsleepingpills;theycanactuallycauseworseinsomnia

later.

W:Ithoughtsleepingpillswouldhelp.What'reyoursuggestionsforour

audiences?

M:Thebestthingtodoistodrinkmilkoreatcheeseortunafish.Theyareall

richinaminoacidthathelpsproduceasubstanceinthebrainthatinducessleep.

Thissubstancewillhelpyourelax.Andyou'llbeonthewaytogetagoodnight's

sleep.

W:I'msoexcitedtohearallthis.Iguessmanyofuswillchangeourwayoflife

sincetheyhavelistenedtoourtalk.

M:Yoursleepingwillbecomebetterandbetterifyouinsist.

W:I'msureIwill!Thankyoumuchforyouradviceandthanksforjoiningus

thisevening!

M:It'smypleasure.

Accordingtotheman,whathappenswhenyouturnandtwisttoget

comfortable?

.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.(分?jǐn)?shù):28.40)

A.Amovie.7

B.Abook.

C.Apoem.

D.Adrama.

解析:[聽力原文]

W:Whatdoyouthinkaboutthemovie?

M:Well...IthinkHarryPotterVisanexcellentpieceofwork.Butitisnotas

goodasthepreviousones.

W:Really?Idon'tagree.Ithinkitisincredible!

M:Whydoyouthinkso?

W:Well,oneofthemostspectacularthingsaboutitisthespecialeffects.

M:You'reright.Thespecialeffectscreatesomanyfantasticsettingsand

mysteriouscostumes,weaponsandcreatures.Theyarevitaltothesuccessofthis

movie.

W:It'skindofcoolthattheystillusethethemesongforthismovie.

M:Yeah!Itremindsmeofthepreviousscenes.

W:Iknowexactlywhatyoumean!Hearingthatsongmakesmefeel

homesick.

M:Ithinktheoverallplotofthemovieisveryinteresting.ButIdon'tthinkthe

characterdevelopmentisthatstrong.Theyjustdon'thavealotoffunnyor

meaningfuldialogues.Thewritingisalittleboringandthismaybetheonlyone

weaknessofthismovie.

W:Well,maybe.ButIlikethelittlekidwhoplaysyoung'AnakinSkywalker."I

can'timagineanyoneelseplayingthatrole.

M:Ilikehim,too.He'ssocute!Youknow,eventhoughIamslightly

disappointed,Ican'twaitforthenextepisode.Iwonderwhenthey'regoingtostart

makingitandwhenit'sscheduledforrelease.

W:Ihavenoidea.ButIhopeit'llbeevenbetterthanthisone.

M:Ihopeso,too.

Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?

SectionB(總題數(shù):7,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)

.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.(分?jǐn)?shù):21.30)

A.lmprovethemselves.V

B.Getridofemptydreams.

C.Followtheculturaltradition.

□.Attemptsomethingimpossible.

解析:[聽力原文]

Thenewyearalwaysbringswithitaculturaltraditionofnewpossibilities.We

seeitasachanceforrenewal.Webegintodreamofnewpossibleselves.Wedesign

ouridealselforanimagethatisquitedifferentfromwhatwearenow.Forsomeof

us,werollthatdreamyfilminourheadsjustbecauseit'sthebeginningofanewyear.

Butwearen'tseriousaboutmakingchanges.Wejustmakesomehalf-hearted

resolutionanditevaporatesafteraweekortwo.Theexperiencemakesusfeelless

successfulandleadsustodiscountourabilitytochangeinthefuture.It'snotthat

changeisimpossiblebutthatitwon'tlastunlessourresolutionsaresupportedwith

plansforimplementation.Wehavetomakeourintentionsmanageablebydetailing

thespecificstepsthatwillcarryustoourgoal.Sayyourgoalistoloseweightby

dietingandcuttingoffsweets.Butonenightyoujusthavetohaveacookie.Andyou

knowthere'sabagofyourfavoritesinthecupboard.Youwantone,youeattwo,you

checkthebagandfindoutyou'vejustshot132calories.Yousaytoyourself,"What

thehell!"andpolishoffthewholebag.Thenyoubegintodrawallkindsof

unpleasantconclusionsaboutyourself.Toprotectyoursenseofself,youbeginto

discountthegoal.Youmaythink-"Well,dietingwasn'tthatimportanttomeandI

won'tmakeitanyhow."Soyouabandonthegoalandreturntoyourbadhabits.

Whatdopeopleusuallywishtodoatthebeginningofanewyear?

.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

4.(分?jǐn)?shù):28.40)

A.Germany.

BJapan.V

C.TheUS.

D.TheUK.

解析:[聽力原文]

Americanssufferfromanoverdoseofwork.Regardlessofwhotheyareor

whattheydo,AmericansspendmoretimeatworkthanatanytimesinceWorldWar

II.In1950,theUShadfewerworkinghoursthananyotherindustrializedcountry.

Today,itexceedseverycountrybutJapanwhereindustrialemployeesload2155

hoursayearcomparedwith1951intheUSand1603intheformerWestGermany.

Between1969and1989,employedAmericansaddedanaverageof138hoursto

theiryearlyworkschedules.Theworkweekhasremainedatabove40hours.But

peopleareworkingmoreweekseachyear.Specificallypay-time-offholidays,

vacations,sickleaveshrankby50%inthe1980s.Ascorporationshaveexperienced

stiff(嚴(yán)酷的)competitionandslowergrowthofproductivity,theyhavepressed

employeestoworklonger.Cost-cuttinglay-offsinthe1980sreducedtheprofessional

andmanagerialranks,leavingfewerpeopletogetthejobdone.Inlowerpaid

occupationswherewageshavebeenreduced,workershaveaddedhoursinovertime

orextrajobstopreservetheirlivingstandards.Thegovernmentestimatesthatmore

than7millionpeopleholdasecondjob.Forthefirsttime,largenumbersofpeople

saytheywanttocutbackonworkinghoursevenifitmeansearninglessmoney.But

mostemployersareunwillingtoletthemdoso.Thegovernmentwhichhasstepped

backfromitstraditionalroleasaregulatorofworktimeshouldtakestepstomake

shorterhourspossible.

Inwhichcountrydoindustrialemployeesworkthelongesthours?

SectionC(總題數(shù):10,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)

.Questions16to19arebasedontherecordingyonhavejustheard.

1.(分?jǐn)?shù):56.80)

A.Trydifferentclassestomakesurewhichmajorfitsyou.J

B.Neverchangemajorsonceyou'vejuststartedthecourse.

C.Changemajorsonceayeartoprepareforyourfuturecareer.

D.Makearightdecisionaboutmajorsbeforeyoustartcollege.

解析:[聽力原文]

Thefirstyearofcollegeisoneofthebestandthemostinterestingperiodsof

life.Youshouldbestrongenoughtostepintothenextstageofyourlifewithout

doubtsandhesitations.Ontheonehand,itcanbestressingtoleaveyourtownand

startcommunicatingwiththepeopleyoudon'tknow,butwhenyougetusedtothe

atmosphere,you'llreallyappreciateandlovethetimespentincollege.

Youshouldfindtimetoreflectonyourselfandrealizewhatreallyinterests

you.Taketheresponsibilityforyourselfandchoosethelistofmajorsyouwantto

study.Sure,youhavetherighttochangethemajorsduringthecourseofyour

collegecareer,butit'sdesirabletomakearightdecisionfaster.Ifyou'renotsure

whatsubjectstochoose,thentrytovisitacoupleofclassesinordertounderstand

whatisbetterforyou.

AsfarasIknow,everyrespectedcollegehasarangeofstudentprograms,

competitions,andpart-timecampusjobs.Plus,youcangetacquaintedwithpeople

whowillhelpyoustartasuccessfulcareer.WhenIwasafreshmanIhadachanceto

takea4-weekcourseinEurope.Also,manyofmyfriendsworkedasvolunteersat

localhospitals.

Oneofthehardestthingstodoistoorganizeastudent'slife.Iwantyouto

knowthatthemostimportantthingtodoistofindthebalanceinvariousactivities

ofyourlife.It'sverydifficulttodealwithdifferentsubjectsandstudents'

organizationsatthesametime.Firstofall,youneedtolearnhowtomanageyour

time,becauseitisakeycomponenttoacademicsuccess.Thenyou'llbeableto

organizeyourstudy,socialandprivatelife.

Nowadaysallcollegecampusesofferyouabigvarietyofstudent

organizations.Differentsocialandsportorganizationscanhelpyouexpressyourself

anddiscoveryourinterests.Asastudent,thefirstcourseyouneedistomakefriends

andgetinvolvedindifferentstudentcommunities.Yourmembershipwillimprove

yourreputationincollegeandfillyourbusystudent'slifewithnewemotionsand

adventures.

Yourstudyatcollegecanbetough,butthisperiodoflifeisthemostcolorful.

Duringyourstudy,youdevelopyourpersonalityandmeetnewfriends.Moreover;

youcanhavefun,fallinloveandenjoythegreatestfouryearsofyourlife.

Ihopethisspeechwillridyouofallfearswhichkeepyouanxiousaboutyour

firstyear.Youneedtorememberthatyouaretheonlyonewho'sresponsiblefor

yourstudy.That'swhyyoushouldlearnhowtomanageyourtimeandbalanceboth

collegeandprivatelife.

Whatdoesthespeakersuggestwedowithourmajors?

.Questions20to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

5.(分?jǐn)?shù):42.60)

A.Practicinginafriendlyenvironment.V

B.Writingarticlesonrelevantsubjects.

C.Givingmembersthechancetopractice.

D.Goingtodifferentweeklymeetings.

解析:[聽力原文]

StudentsinAmericanschoolslearnfromanearlyagetogivepresentationsas

partoftheirregularclassroomactivities.Childrenasyoungasfiveyearsoldoften

givebrieftalksaboutobjectstheybringtoschoolcalled"showandtell."This

trainingisabasisforlaterpublicspeaking.

Evenso,manynativeEnglish-speakingadultsareafraidtospeakorgive

presentationsinfrontofalargegroup.SpeakingEnglishinpublicmeetingsis

necessaryformanystudentsandemployees.Thebestwaytoimproveistopractice

publicspeakinginafriendlyenvironment.Learnersneedtoreceivefeedbackabout

whattheyaredoingwellandabouttheirmistakes.Onegroupthatgivesmembers

thechancetopracticeisToastmasters,whichisaninternationalorganizationthat

holdsweeklymeetings.Atthemeetings,memberseachgiveaspeechandgive

othersadviceabouttheirspeechesandspeakingstyle.

CharlesLeBeauisapublicspeakingprofessorandconsultant.Hebeganhis

careerinJapanin1982.Currently,heteachesattwouniversitiesandattheToshiba

InternationalTrainingCentre.Hehasalsowrittenbooksonthesubject.English

languagelearnersaroundtheworldusehisbookSpeakingofSpeech,whichtells

aboutamethodofteachingpublicspeakingfornon-nativespeakers.Mr.LeBeausays

asimpleapproachhelpsEnglishlearners,whichistosimplifyandbreakitdown.First,

therearebasicallythreemessagesthatthepresenterisgivingtheaudience,all

simultaneously.Thefirstisphysicalmessage.Physicalmessageisbasicallybody

language.It'sthewaythatourbody,asaspeaker;istalkingtotheaudience.And

thenthere'salsothevisualmessage.Thevisualmessageistheslidesthatwenow

makeandshowtheaudience.Thethirdmessageisthestorymessage.Thestory

messageisthecontentofourpresentation.Soanotherwaywecanthinkofthestory

messageisthatit'stheverbalmessage;it'swhatwesaytotheaudience.Thestory

messagealsoincludeshowweorganizeourideastopresenttotheaudience.

What'sthebestwaytoimproveEnglishspeaking?

.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

8.(分?jǐn)?shù):42.60)

A.Theyaffectallagriculturalproductionworldwide.

B.Theyimpactmostpartofthecropsinthefield.

C.Theydestroyupto22%ofthecropsbeforeharvest.

D.Theydestroyabout10%to16%oftheworld'scropsinthefield.J

解析:[聽力原文]

Insectsanddiseasesthatattackfoodcropsaremovingasrisentemperatures

bringchangestotheenvironment.Plantdiseasesalonedestroyanestimated10to

16percentoftheworld'scropsinthefield,expertssay,andplantdiseasesdestroy

another6to12percentafterharvest.

Anewstudyexaminesthemovementofcroppestsanddiseases,andhowit

willaffectagriculturalproductionworldwide.

DanBebberisaseniorresearchfellowattheUniversityofExeterinBritain.

HesaysresearchhasshownthatwildplantsandanimalsaremovingtowardEarth's

NorthandSouthpolesastheplanetwarms.

Mr.Bebberwantedtoknowifthesamethingwashappeningwithorganisms

thatattackagriculturalcrops.Heexaminedreportsoffirstsightingsofnewinsects

anddiseasesaroundtheworld.TherecordscamefromCABI-theCentrefor

AgriculturalBioscienceInternational.Hesaysthegroupbegancollectinginformation

fromdevelopingandindustrializedcountriesyearsago.

DanBebberandhisresearchteamstudied612differentorganisms—from

virusesandbacteriatoinsectslikebeetlesandbutterflies.Theyfoundthatsince

I960,croppestsanddiseaseshavebeenmovingtowardthepolesatanaveragerate

ofabout3kilometerseachyear.Mr.Bebbersaysthisputsthemostproductive

farmlandintheworldindanger.

Asnewspeciesofpestsanddiseasesevolveandpotentiallytheenvironment

forthembecomesmoreamenableathigherlatitudes,thepressureonthe

breadbasketoftheworldisgoingtoincrease.

Farmersfaceotherthreats.Invasivespeciespassedthroughtradearealso

causingproblems.GeneKritskyisanentomologistattheCollegeofMountSt.Joseph

inOhio.Hespecializesinthestudyofinsects.Hesaysclimatechangemayimprove

conditionsforsomeinvasivespecies.Itmeansthatspeciesinotherpartsofthe

worldthatmightdowellinwarmertemperaturescannowdowellinthe

breadbasketofAmerica.

AnotherentomologistChristianKrupkeofPurdueUniversitysaystheeffects

ofthesechangeswilldependverymuchonthecrop,theinsectandthedisease.But

hesaystheresearchisawarningsignthatpeopleshouldcareaboutclimatechange

anddosomethingaboutit.

Howbadareplantdiseasestothecrops?

PartIIIReadingComprehension(總題數(shù):0,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)

SectionA(總題數(shù):10,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)

.Children'sHealthcareofAtlantawantstomoveGeorgiaoutofthetop10listfor

childhoodobesity(肥胖),officialssaid.

DoctorsatChildren'sHealthcareofAtlanta,thelargestchildrenhealthcare

organizationintheUnitedStates,saidtheytreatpatientsintheirHealth4LifeClinicas

youngasage3forcomplications(并發(fā)癥)1toobesity.

Thehealthcaresystem'sofficialssaiditbeganitsStrong4Lifeinearly2011,a

large-scalepublicawareness2,alongwithprogramsandpartnerships

to3kidsandtheirparents.Thefirstphaseofthecampaign,the"warning"ads,

wasdesignedtoraiseawarenessand4conversationaboutchildhoodobesity.

"A5findingintheresearchisthatwhile96percentofrespondents

viewedchildhoodobesityasasomewhatorveryseriousproblem,only28percentof

parentsofanobesechildconsideredtheirchildoverweightorobese,andonly36

percentwere6abouttheirchild'sweight,"Dr.RichardLutzoftheUniversity

ofFlorida'sWarringtonCollegeofBusinessAdministrationsaidinastatement.

"This7disconnect,knownasthe'perceivedpersonalimmunity'

effect,hasbeen8forissuessuchasbeing9affectedbylungcancer,

skincancerandAIDS."

Theprogramalsoincludedtrainingmorethan1000healthcareproviders,

nursesanddietitianstodiscussobesitywiththeirpatients;goingtomorethan100

schoolstosharewithchildrentheimportanceofhealthyeatingand

physical10andeducatingmorethan430daycarecentrestafftouse

Strong4Lifetoolkitstoteachhealthyhabitsatanearlyage.

A.activityF.documentedK.practice

B.apparentG.easilyL.reach

C.campaignH.fatalM.related

D.concernedI.immediatelyN.remarkable

E.contributedJ.interact0.spark(分?jǐn)?shù):35.50)

1.(分?jǐn)?shù):3.55)

填空項(xiàng)1:(正確答案:M)

解析:形容訶辨析題。限據(jù)句意可知,亞特蘭大兒童醫(yī)療保健中心的醫(yī)生

治療兒童由肥胖引起的并發(fā)癥,空格處應(yīng)當(dāng)是對(duì)“并發(fā)癥”一詞的修飾限定,而

空格后又有介詞to,故推斷應(yīng)填入形容詞或動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。結(jié)合所

給選項(xiàng),related可以和介詞to搭配,意為“和……有關(guān)系的",符合題意。

contributedto意為“致力于,貢獻(xiàn)”,不符合句意,故排除。

2.(分?jǐn)?shù):3.55)

填空項(xiàng)1:(正確答案:C)

解析:名詞辨析題。該空格位于一個(gè)插入成分中,該插入成分開頭為冠詞

a,故判斷其應(yīng)為名詞短語(yǔ),因此空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。后面一句提到了Thefirst

phaseofthecampaign,故推斷空格處應(yīng)填入campaign”運(yùn)動(dòng),活動(dòng)practice

意為“練習(xí);慣例”,不符合句意,故排除。

3.(分?jǐn)?shù):3.55)

填空項(xiàng)1:(正確答案:L)

解析:動(dòng)詞辨析題。該空格位于不定式標(biāo)志詞to之后,因此空格處應(yīng)填入

動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)上下文,該中心開展的活動(dòng)旨在引起人們對(duì)兒童肥胖問(wèn)題的關(guān)注,

因此這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的參與者必然包括父母和兒童,故應(yīng)選reach“被聽到/看到”。

interact意為“相互影響;交流”,為不及物動(dòng)詞,不符合句意,故排除。

4.(分?jǐn)?shù):3.55)

填空項(xiàng)1:(正確答案:0)

解析:動(dòng)詞辨析題。該空格位于and之后,從結(jié)構(gòu)上推斷該空格和名詞

conversation一起與raiseawareness構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu),因此空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形

和raise保持一致。根據(jù)句意可知,該運(yùn)動(dòng)的第一階段為“警示”廣告,旨在引

起人們的關(guān)注和人們討論兒童肥胖問(wèn)題。結(jié)合所給動(dòng)詞,spark“激起”

符合題意,故為答案。

5.(分?jǐn)?shù):3.55)

填空項(xiàng)上(正確答案:N)

解析:形容詞辨析題。該空格位于冠詞和名詞之間,故推斷應(yīng)填入形容詞

作定語(yǔ)。此處要表達(dá)的是:研究中一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)是……。結(jié)合研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容,

即由that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句的內(nèi)容可知,此研究發(fā)現(xiàn)應(yīng)該是remarkable“非凡的,

顯著的“。apparent”顯而易見的”不符合句意,故排除。

6.(分薪:3.55)

填空項(xiàng)1:(正確答案:D)

解析:形容詞辨析題。該空格位于were和介詞about之間,故推斷應(yīng)填入

形容詞,且該形容詞必須能夠和about搭配。根據(jù)句意可知,此處表達(dá)的是:只

有36%的父母孩子的體重。因此,答案為concerned“擔(dān)憂的”。

7.(分?jǐn)?shù):3.55)

填空項(xiàng)1:(正確答案:B)

解析:形容詞辨析題。由空格前面的This和空格后的disconnect判斷,空

格處應(yīng)填入形容詞修飾名詞。由上一段可知,96%的受訪者認(rèn)為兒童肥胖是一個(gè)

嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題,但只有36%的家長(zhǎng)擔(dān)心孩子的體重,這是一種明顯的脫節(jié),故本題答

案為apparent"顯而易見的"。fatal意為“致命的;災(zāi)難性的”,與句意不符,故

排除。

8.(分?jǐn)?shù):3.55)

填空項(xiàng)1:(正確答案:F)

解析:動(dòng)訶辨析題。該空格位于hasbeen之后,據(jù)此判斷應(yīng)填入及物動(dòng)訶

的過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)。該被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)是disconnect,因此填入的動(dòng)詞必須能與之

相搭配。備選項(xiàng)中只有documented"記錄”符合句意和語(yǔ)法要求,故為答案。

9.(分?jǐn)?shù):3.55)

填空項(xiàng)1:(正確答案:G)

解析:副詞辨析題。該空格位于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)beingaffected之間,且句子成分

完整,故判斷空格處應(yīng)填入副詞對(duì)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行修飾。根據(jù)句意可知,錯(cuò)誤的自我抵

抗力認(rèn)知會(huì)使人患肺癌、皮膚癌和艾滋病。因此,答案為easily"容易地二

immediately意為“立即,馬上”,不符合邏輯,故排除。

10.(分?jǐn)?shù):3.55)

填空項(xiàng)1:(正確答案:A)

解析:名詞辨析題。該空格位于形容詞physical后,由physical前面的并列

連詞and判斷,空格處應(yīng)填入名詞和physical搭配,與healthyeating構(gòu)成并列結(jié)

構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意,這一項(xiàng)目包含去學(xué)校和孩子們分享健康飲食和體育的重要

性,因此空格處應(yīng)填入activity“活動(dòng)”。

SectionB(總題數(shù):10,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)

ABestFriend?YouMustBeKidding

A.Fromthetimetheymetinkindergartenuntiltheywere15,Robin

ShreevesandherfriendPennywereinseparable.Theyrodebikes,playedkickballin

thestreet,swamallsummerlongandlistenedtomusiconthestereo.Theytoldeach

othersecretslikewhichboystheythoughtwerecute,asbestfriendsalwaysdo.

B.Today,Ms.Shreeves,ofsuburbanPhiladelphia,isthemotheroftwoboys.

Her10-year-oldhasabestfriend.Infact,heisthesonofMs.Shreeves'sownfriend,

Penny.ButMs.Shreeves'syoungerson,8,doesnot.Hisfavoriteplaymateisaboy

whowasinhispreschoolclass,butMs.Shreevessaysthatthetwodon'tgettogether

veryoftenbecauseschedulingplaydatescanbecomplicated;theyusuallyhavetobe

plannedaweekormoreinadvance."He'llsay,'IwishIhadsomeoneIcanalways

call/"Ms.Shreevessaid.

C.Onemightbetemptedtofeelsomesympathyfortheyoungerson.After

all,fromTomSawyerandHuckFinntoHarryPotterandRonWeasley,thechildhood

"bestfriend"haslongbeenromanticizedinliteratureandpopculture—notto

mentioninthesentimentalmemoriesofcountlessadults.

D.Butincreasingly,someeducatorsandotherprofessionalswhoworkwith

childrenareaskingaquestionthatmightsurprisetheirparents:Shouldachildreally

haveabestfriend?

E.Mostchildrennaturallyseekclosefriends.Inasurveyofnearly3000

Americansaged8to24conductedlastyearbyHarrisInteractive,94percentsaid

theyhadatleastoneclosefriend.Buttheclassicbest-friendbond-thetwospecial

palswhosharesecretsandexploits,whoattracteachotherontheplaygroundand

whoheadoutthedoortogethereverydayafterschool——signalspotentialtroublefor

schoolofficialsintentondiscouraginganythingthathintsatexclusivity,inpart

becauseofconcernsaboutcliques(幫派)andbullying.

F."Ithinkitiskids'preferencetopairupandhavethatonebestfriend.As

adults一teachersandcounselors一wetrytoencouragethemnottodothat,"said

ChristineLaycob,thedirectorofcounselingatMaryInstituteandSt.LouisCountry

DaySchoolinSt.Louis."Wetrytotalktokidsandworkwiththemtogetthemto

havebiggroupsoffriendsandnottobesopossessiveaboutfriends.""Parents

sometimessayJohnnyneedsthatonespecialfriend,"shecontinued."Wesayhe

doesn'tneedabestfriend."

G.Formanychild-rearingexperts,theidealsituationmightwellbethatof

MatthewandMargaretGuest,12-year-oldtwinsinsuburbanAtlanta,whoalmost

alwayssocializeinapack.OnetypicalFridayafternoon,about10boysandgirlsfilled

theGuestfamilybackyard.Kidswerejumpingonthetrampoline(蹦床),shooting

basketsandplayinghide-and-seek.NeitherMargaretnorMatthewhaseverhada

bestfriend."Ijustreallydon'thaveonepersonIlikemorethanothers,"Margaret

said."Mostpeoplehavelotsoffriends."Matthewsaidheconsiders12boystobehis

goodfriendsandheseesmostofthem"prettymucheveryweekend".Theirmother;

LauraGuest,saidtheirschooltriestopreventbullyingthroughworkshopsand

posters.Andextracurricularactivitieskeepherchildrengroup-oriented-Margaretis

ontheswimteamanddoesgymnastics;Matthewplaysfootballandbaseball.

H.Asthecalendarmovesintosummer,effortstomanagefriendshipsdon't

stopwiththeclosingofschool.InrecentyearsTimberLakeCamp,aco-ed

sleep-awaycampinPhoenicia,N.Y.,hasstartedemploying"friendshipcoaches"to

workwithcamperstohelpeverychildbecomefriendswitheveryoneelse.Iftwo

childrenseemtobetoofocusedoneachother,thecampwillmakesuretoputthem

ondifferentsportsteams,seatthematdifferentendsofthediningtableor,perhaps,

haveacounselorinviteoneofthemtoparticipateinanactivitywithanotherchild

whomtheyhaven'tyetgottentoknow.Idon'tthinkit'sparticularlyhealthyfora

childtorelyononefriend,"saidJayJacobs,thecamp'sdirector."Ifsomethinggoes

wrong,itcanbedevastating.Italsolimitsachild'sabilitytoexploreotheroptionsin

theworld."

I.Butsuchanattitudeworriessomepsychologistswhofearthatchildrenwill

bedeniedthestrongemotionalsupportandsecuritythatcomeswithintimate

friendships."Dowewanttoencouragekidstohaveallsortsofsuperficial

relationships?Isthathowwereallywanttorearourchildren?"askedBrettLaursen,

apsychologyprofessoratFloridaAtlanticUniversitywhosespecialtyispeer

relationships."Imaginetheimplicationforromanticrelationships.Wewantchildren

togetgoodatleadingcloserelationships,notsuperficialones."Manypsychologists

believethatclosechildhoodfriendshipsnotonlyincreaseachild'sself-esteemand

confidence,butalsohelpchildrendeveloptheskillsforhealthyadultrelationships——

everythingfromempathy,theabilitytolistenandconsol

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