專項突破18 過去完成時-備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語高頻考點(diǎn)專項突破【考點(diǎn)詳解+真題】（原卷版）

專項18過去完成時備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語精選考點(diǎn)專項突破命題趨勢：動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)是中考出現(xiàn)頻率較高的語法項目之一。考題多以具體的語境為主，體現(xiàn)了對語法知識、語境理解、語言交際能力的綜合考查。過去完成時不是考頻較高的一個知識點(diǎn)，但是是難度較大的一個知識點(diǎn)。中考考查重點(diǎn)：過去完成時的用法和構(gòu)成過去完成時的用法1.表示在過去某一時刻或動作以前完成了的動作，即＂過去的過去＂。通常與by，before連用。Wehadlearned5,000wordsbytheendoflastmonth.到上個月底，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了5，000個單詞。2.表示由過去的某一時刻開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)，常和for,since構(gòu)成的時間狀語連用。I

had

been

at

the

bus

stop

for

20

minutes

when

a

bus

finally

came.

當(dāng)公共汽車來的時候，我在車站已等了20分鐘。3.過去完成時需要與一個表示過去的時間狀語連用，它不能離開過去時間而獨(dú)立存在此時多與already,yet,still,just,before,never等時間副詞及by,before,until等引導(dǎo)的短語或從句連用。BeforeshecametoChina,GracehadtaughtEnglishinamiddleschoolforaboutfiveyears.Peterhadcollectedmorethan300Chinesestampsbythetimehewasten.4.過去完成時表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時之前已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到這一過去時間，而且動作尚未結(jié)束，仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。Bytheendoflastyear,hehadworkedinthefactoryfortwentyyears.（hadworked已有了20年，還有繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去的可能）由時間狀語來判定一般說來，各種時態(tài)都有特定的時間狀語。與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有：1.by+過去的時間點(diǎn)。Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo’clocklastnight.2.bytheendof+過去的時間點(diǎn)。WehadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.3.before+過去的時間點(diǎn)。TheyhadplantedsixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday.過去完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別雖然這兩種時態(tài)都表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，但在使用時應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.時間狀語不同：過去完成時在時間上強(qiáng)調(diào)＂過去的過去＂；而一般過去時只強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一特定的時間。試比較：Theyhadarrivedatthestationbytenyesterday.Theyarrivedatthestationattenyesterday.2.在沒有明確的過去時間狀語作標(biāo)志時，謂語動詞動作發(fā)生的時間先后須依據(jù)上下文來判斷：先發(fā)生的用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的則用一般過去時。如：Shewasveryhappy.Herwholefamilywerepleasedwithher,too.Shehadjustwonthefirstinthecompositioncompetition.3.當(dāng)兩個或兩個以上接連發(fā)生的動作用and或but連接時，按時間順序，只需用一般過去時來代替過去完成時；另外，在before,after,assoonas引導(dǎo)的從句中，由于這些連詞本身已經(jīng)表示出時間的先后，因此也可以用過去時來代替過去完成時。如：Heenteredtheroom,turnedonthelightandreadaneveningpaper.I(had)calledherbeforeIlefttheoffice.過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時表示的動作發(fā)生在過去，但側(cè)重對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或造成的影響，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為＂助動詞have(has)+過去分詞＂；過去完成時則是一個相對的時態(tài)，它所表示的動作不僅發(fā)生在過去，更強(qiáng)調(diào)＂過去的過去＂，只有和過去某時或某動作相比較時，才用到它。試比較：Ihavelearned1000Englishwordssofar.到目前為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會了1000個英語單詞。Ihadlearned1000Englishwordstillthen.到那時為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會了1000個英語單詞?！狪’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.對不起，讓你久等了?！狾h,notatall.Ihavebeenhereonlyafewminutes.沒什么，我只等了幾分鐘。（＂等＂的動作從過去某一時間點(diǎn)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在）—Johnreturnedhomeyesterday.約翰昨天回到家的?！猈herehadhebeen?他去哪兒了？（答語中使用過去完成時是指約翰在returnedhome之前去了哪些地方，即＂過去的過去＂）過去完成時的構(gòu)成had+動詞的過去分詞1．（2021·湖北襄陽·中考真題）這些德國人在到襄陽前就已經(jīng)習(xí)慣吃牛肉面了。（be）_________________beforetheycametoXiangyang.2．（2021·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）“HaveyouvisitedtheNationalBookExpo?”Lindaaskedme.（改為間接引語）Lindaaskedme________I________visitedtheNationalBookExpo.1．（2022·四川省成都市鹽道街中學(xué)二模）—WhathappenedtoyouonAprilFool’sDay?—IwastheonlyoneatschoolonSaturday,IrealizedthatI________bymyclassmates.A．a(chǎn)mfooled B．hadfooled C．hadbeenfooled2．（2022·上海浦東新·二模）Lisafeltveryhappyasshe________wellinareadingcontestthedaybefore.A．does B．did C．hasdone D．haddone3．（2022·上?！つM預(yù)測）Bythetimetheygotthere,thebigfire________.A．hadputout B．hadbeenputout C．hadputoff D．hadbeenputoff4．（2022·上?！つM預(yù)測）Bythetimewe________therailwaystation,thetrain________fortenminutes.A．gotto;hadbeenaway B．reached;hadleftC．a(chǎn)rrived;hadbeenaway D．a(chǎn)rrivedat;hasleft5．（2022·上?！つM預(yù)測）Howlong_________thefilm________whenhegottothecinema?A．did;begin B．has;begunC．had;beenon D．had;begun6．（2022·重慶·模擬預(yù)測）Bythetimeshegottoschoolyesterday,thefirstclass________fortenminutes.A．hadbegun B．begun C．hasbegun D．hadbeenon7．（2022·上?！つM預(yù)測）Bytheendoflastyear,thecharity________overtenthousandhomelesspeople.A．helps B．hashelped C．willhelp D．hadhelped8．（2022·吉林·長春市第四十八中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測）Bytheendoflastmonth,I_____alltheCDsofJustinBieber.A．collect B．collected C．havecollected D．hadcollected9．（2022·甘肅·永昌縣教學(xué)研究室一模）Whenthedoctorarrived,thepatient_________forjustoneminute.A．hasdied B．haddied C．hasbeendead D．hadbeendead10．（2022·黑龍江佳木斯·三模）Bythetimetheygotthere,theconcert________.A．wasbeginning B．hadbegun C．willbegin11．（2022·上海松江·二模）Thestudentsinourschool________about8,000yuanforSPCAbythistimeyesterday.A．a(chǎn)reraising B．wereraising C．hasraised D．hadraised12．（2022·上海普陀·二模）Bytheendoflastyear,Roy________inthatpostofficeforthirtyyears.A．worked B．wouldwork C．hadworked D．hasworked13．（2022·上海寶山·二模）Emilyandherparents________eachotherforweeksbyyesterdayafternoon.A．didn’tsee B．haven’tseen C．hadn’tseen D．wouldn’tsee14．（2022·上海奉賢·二模）Bytheageof15,SuYiming_______totrainonthenationalteam.A．began B．hasbegun C．willbegin D．hadbegun15．（2022·甘肅·天水市麥積區(qū)教學(xué)研究室一模）WhenIgottothecinema,themovie________fortenminutes.A．hasbeenover B．hasstopped C．hadbeenon D．hadbegun16．（2022·吉林長春·一模）—Ihearthebeginningofthismovieisveryexciting.—Whatapity!WhenIgottothecinemayesterday,thefilm________for10minutes.A．began B．hasbegun C．hasbeenon D．hadbeenon17．（2022·北京·模擬預(yù)測）________32yearsold,ProfessorWanghadwritten8novels,5ofwhicharebest-sellers.A．At B．For C．Since D．By18．（2022·湖北孝感·一模）—Whydidyouthrowawaythatpairofsportsshoes?—BecauseI________itforalmosttwoyears.A．haveworn B．puton C．hadworn D．haveputon19．（2022·甘肅平?jīng)觥ひ荒＃〣ythetimeIleftthatschool,I________Englishfortwoyears.A．havelearned B．hadlearned C．learned D．haslearned20．（2022·江蘇無錫·二模）Mr.Whitewasabouttolockthecardoor________herealizedhe________thekeyinthecar.A．a(chǎn)fter;wouldleave B．until;left C．while;hadleft D．when;hadleft21．（2022·上海浦東新·一模）Steventoldmethathe________writingthereportaweekbefore.A．finish B．finishes C．finishing D．hadfinished22．（2022·上?！ひ荒＃㎝umwassurprisedtofindherlittleson________allhersuitcasesalready.A．waspacking B．haspacked C．hadpacked D．wouldpack23．（2022·遼寧鞍山·一模）—Youdidn’twatchthemovie?—Yes,butbythetimeI______tothecinema,themovie______forseveralminutes.A．got;hasbegun B．got;hadbeenonC．got;hadbegun D．got;hasbeenon24．（2022·四川·富順第三中學(xué)校二模）Wewerelateforthefilmlastnight.It________for15minuteswhenwearrivedatthecinema.A．hasbegun B．hasbeenon C．hadbeenon25．（2022·江蘇·星海實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)二模）—Theraincametoastopthenightbefore.Thefieldsarestillfullofwater.—It_____fornearlyaweek.A．hasrained B．hadrained C．wouldrain D．wasraining26．（2022·上海嘉定·二模）Bytheendoflastyear,Stevecomputerscienceinauniversityfortwoyears.A．studies B．hasstudiedC．hadstudied D．isstudying27．（2022·江蘇宿遷·一模）—Theyhadmemorizedmostofthenewwordsinthetextbook________oflastterm.—Youmean________ofthenewwords?A．a(chǎn)ttheend;one-third B．intheend;four-fifthsC．bytheend;three-fourths D．bytheend;three-quarter28．（2022·上海靜安·二模）Theheadmastersaidallthestudents________already________learningonlinefortwomonths.A．were...keeping B．were...kept C．have...kept D．had...kept29．（2022·上海長寧·二模）ImetTonylastTuesday.We________intou