牛津版初中語文九上期末復(fù)習(xí)訓(xùn)練-教師版-專題09 閱讀理解（說明文議論文）

2024-2025學(xué)年九年級上期期末考點(diǎn)大串講（牛津版）專題9閱讀理解（說明文，議論文）【試題猜想】（摘自21世紀(jì)英語報(bào)）Sayhellotofutureyou!Imaginebeingabletotalktoyourfutureselfandgettoknowwhatyourlifemightbelikeyearsfromnow.Anewonlinechatplatform(平臺(tái))calledFutureYouhasmadethispossible.FutureYouwascreatedbyscientistsfromdifferentresearchinstitutes(機(jī)構(gòu)),includingtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)intheUS.PoweredbyAI,theprogrambeginsbyaskingusersquestionsabouttheirpersonalities,currentlivesandfutureplans.Itthenusesthisinformationas“memories”tocreateasimulation(模擬)oftheuserattheageof60.Thisallowsuserstoaskquestionsandgetadviceforthefuturefrom“themselves”.Theplatformcanalsoproduceaphotoforeachuser,showinghowtheymightlookatage60.“Thesystemmakesthesimulationveryrealistic(逼真的).FutureYouismuchmoredetailedthanwhatapersoncouldcomeupwithbyjustimaginingtheirfutureselves,”saidPattieMaes,aMITscientistwhoworkedontheprogram.Accordingtotheplatform’sofficialwebsite,FutureYouisdesignedto“helpusersdevelopmorelong-termthinking”byimprovingtheir“futureself-continuity”(未來自我連續(xù)性).Thistermdescribeshowconnectedapersonfeelstohisorherfutureself.Thestrongertheconnection,themorelikelyapersonistomakedecisionsthatbenefittheirlong-termwell-being,inareassuchasmoney,education,orhealth.ThescientiststestedFutureYouon344volunteers.ThosewhointeractedwithFutureYoufor10to30minutesfeltlessanxious(焦慮的)andmoremotivated(有動(dòng)力的)abouttheuncertainnatureofthefuturecomparedtothosewhochattedwithageneralAIoronlyfilledoutsurveys.However,FutureYouhasitslimits.“Itisnotclearwhetherpeoplehavedoneanythingdifferent[or]changedtheirbehavior(行為)asaresultofinteractingwiththeirfutureself,”IvoVlaevfromtheUK’sUniversityofWarwicktoldEuronews.Inaddition,theAIprogramcanonlyofferalookintoonepossiblefuture,ratherthanmakevariouspredictions.Attheendoftheday,“it’sallabigpretend”,notedanarticleinForbes.Weshouldn’ttakeFutureYou’swordsascompletelytrue.

1.Whatdoparagraphs2and3mainlytalkabout?A.TheroleMITplayedinFutureYou.B.TheAItechnologyusedinFutureYou.C.ThecreationandfeaturesofFutureYou.D.ThedevelopmentbackgroundofFutureYou.2.WhatisthemainpurposeofFutureYou,accordingtotheofficialwebsite?A.Topredictfutureevents.B.Toreduceusers’stressesinlife.C.Tohelpusersplanforabetterfuture.D.Toconnectuserswithothers.3.HowdidthevolunteersfeelafterinteractingwithFutureYou?A.Morerealisticabouttheirlimitations.B.Lesssatisfiedwiththeircurrentlives.C.Moreconfidentintheirpastdecisions.D.Lessworriedandmoredrivenaboutthefuture.4.WhatisalimitationofFutureYoumentionedinthetext?A.Itcanonlyshowonepossiblefuture.B.ItmayleadtodependencyonAI.C.Itgivesoverlyoptimisticpredictions.D.Itonlyworksforaspecificagegroup.【答案】CCDA【解析】介紹了FutureYou平臺(tái)的創(chuàng)建、特點(diǎn)、目的及局限性和志愿者測試情況。1.C第二段主要講述了FutureYou的創(chuàng)建過程，包括由不同研究機(jī)構(gòu)的科學(xué)家創(chuàng)建，以及它如何通過詢問用戶信息來創(chuàng)建60歲用戶的模擬等；第三段講述了這個(gè)平臺(tái)還能為用戶生成照片以及這個(gè)模擬很逼真等特點(diǎn)。所以這兩段主要是關(guān)于FutureYou的創(chuàng)建和特點(diǎn)，A選項(xiàng)MIT在其中的作用只是部分內(nèi)容；B選項(xiàng)AI技術(shù)只是創(chuàng)建過程中的一部分，不是兩段主要內(nèi)容；D選項(xiàng)發(fā)展背景文章未提及，所以選C。2.C根據(jù)文章第四段“Accordingtotheplatform’sofficialwebsite,FutureYouisdesignedto‘helpusersdevelopmorelong-termthinking’byimprovingtheir‘futureself-continuity’”可知，其目的是幫助用戶發(fā)展更長遠(yuǎn)的思考，也就是幫助用戶規(guī)劃更好的未來，A選項(xiàng)預(yù)測未來事件不是官網(wǎng)提到的主要目的；B選項(xiàng)減少生活壓力不是官網(wǎng)提到的目的；D選項(xiàng)連接用戶和其他人文章未提及，所以選C。3.D文章第五段提到“ThosewhointeractedwithFutureYoufor10to30minutesfeltlessanxious(焦慮的)andmoremotivated(有動(dòng)力的)abouttheuncertainnatureofthefuture”，即與FutureYou互動(dòng)后的志愿者對未來的不確定性感到更不焦慮且更有動(dòng)力，A選項(xiàng)關(guān)于自身局限性更現(xiàn)實(shí)文章未提及；B選項(xiàng)對當(dāng)前生活更不滿意文章未提及；C選項(xiàng)對過去的決定更有信心文章未提及，所以選D。4.A文章最后一段提到“theAIprogramcanonlyofferalookintoonepossiblefuture,ratherthanmakevariouspredictions”，即它只能展示一種可能的未來，這是它的一個(gè)局限性，B選項(xiàng)導(dǎo)致對AI的依賴文章未提及；C選項(xiàng)給出過于樂觀的預(yù)測文章未提及；D選項(xiàng)只對特定年齡組有效文章未提及，所以選A?！菊骖}演練】Passage1（2024·廣雅中學(xué)三模）Inthepast10years,theuseofsocialmediahasgrowninawaythatnoonecouldhaveguessed.Ithasturnedsometeenagersintocelebrities(名人)andturnedthefamousintotheinfamous,overnight.Akeyfeature(特征)ofsocialmedia,however,isitsvolatility.Trends(趨向，動(dòng)向)comeandgo,disappearingalmostasquicklyastheyappeared.ShortvideoappssuchasTikTok,alsoknownasDouyin,tooktheworldbystorm.TikTokwasonceranked8thonappstores,andDouyinhadmorethan300millionmonthlyactiveusers.Whyaretheseshortvideossopopular?JiangYige,Singapore-basedanalystatFengHeFundManagement,hasatheory.“Shortvideosarejustrighttofillinthelittlegapsinourbusyschedules,”hetoldCBC.Thesevideos,apartfrombeingveryconvenient,areimportanttoteenagersbecausetheyallowthemtoexpressthemselves,accordingtoTeenVogue.LizaKoshy,auseroftheappMusical,whohasover2millionfollowers,said,“Thesenseofcommunitythatusersofshortvideoappsgetisanotherattractivefeature.”However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingbadeffectstoo.Fake(虛假的)newsisoneseriousproblemitcauses.Materialssharedontheseplatformscanbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.Weusesocialmediaallthetime,whichdoesn’tmeanthatweunderstandtheinfluenceitishavingonus.Weshouldbemindfulofboththetimewespendonitanditspowerfuleffectonourminds.37.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“volatility”inParagraph2possiblymean?A.Beingchangeable. B.Beingvaluable.C.Beingcomfortable. D.Beinginternational.38.AccordingtoLizaKoshy,whyareshortvideoappsverypopular?A.Theyareveryconvenient.B.Theyhelppeoplekilltime.C.Theyprovideasenseofcommunity.D.Theyallowpeopletoexpressthemselves.39.Whatdoweknowaboutsocialmedia?A.Watchingshortvideosisthemostpopularwayofourlife.B.Peoplecan’tcommunicatewitheachotherwithoutsocialmedia.C.Thereisstillmuchroomforsocialmediatomakeimprovement.D.Takingshortvideosisthebestwayforteenagerstoexpressthemselves.40.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinthepassage?A.Shortvideoappswilltaketheworldbystorminthefuture.B.Socialmediacanhelpyouturnintocelebritiesveryquickly.C.Peoplecanshareanyinterestingmaterialsontheplatformswithoutchecking.D.It’swisetothinkcarefullyoverthetimeandtheeffectwhenweusesocialmedia.【答案】37.A38.C39.C40.D【解析】本文主要講述了短視頻軟件的流行原因以及社交媒體存在的弊端。37.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Trends(趨向，動(dòng)向)comeandgo,disappearingalmostasquicklyastheyappeared.”可知，社交媒體的一個(gè)主要特點(diǎn)是它變化無常，某種趨勢很快出現(xiàn)又很快消失，由此可知“volatility”的意思為“changeable”，表示“變化無常的”。故選A。38.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“hesenseofcommunitythatusersofshortvideoappsgetisanotherattractivefeature.”可知，LizaKoshy認(rèn)為短視頻軟件受用戶歡迎的原因是它可以讓用戶有社區(qū)的歸屬感。故選C。39.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingbadeffectstoo.Fake(虛假的)newsisoneseriousproblemitcauses.Materialssharedontheseplatformscanbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.”可知，社交媒體發(fā)展迅速，但也帶來一些副作用，如虛假消息會(huì)誤導(dǎo)用戶，由此推知社交媒體還有很大的提升空間。故選C。40.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Weusesocialmediaallthetime,whichdoesn’tmeanthatweunderstandtheinfluenceitishavingonus.Weshouldbemindfulofboththetimewespendonitanditspowerfuleffectonourminds.”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，社交媒體會(huì)有一些負(fù)面影響，所以作者是想告訴我們要理智地使用社交媒體。故選D。Passage2（2024·廣州實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)三模）Althoughweoftenhearaboutdriverlesscars,itisstillnotclearwhenwewillbeabletobuyonetomakethoselongboringroadtripsaloteasier.Let’stakealookatwhy.Whatdriverlesstechnologyisinusenow?Theideaofadriverlesscardatesbackto1939!However,wearenotsurewhatdriverlesstechnologycanandcan’tdo.Whenmostpeoplethinkofdriverlesscars,theythinkofsittingbackintheircarandreadingabookwhilethecardoesalltheworkandgetsthemtowheretheywanttogo.Infact,thatkindoftechnologyismanyyearsaway.Atthemoment,ourcarcanhelpcontrolthedirection,butourattentionmuststillbeontheroad.Beforesmartertechnologybecomespopular,peoplewillneedtodealwithalotofproblems,suchasgettingthecartounderstandtheroadsignsandallowingcarsto“connect”tooneanother.Inthisway,allcarscanbeawareofwhatishappeningaroundthem.Whatproblemsaredriverlesscarsfacing?Thereareafewreasonswhydriverlesscarsmaytakesometimetocometofruition.AlthoughAIanddriverlessskillshavedevelopedforalongtime,AIstillisn’tassmartasahumanbrainwhensomethinghappenssuddenly.Driverlesstechnologyneedstobeabletodealwithsomeaccidentsbeforeitcanbecometrulypopular.Onlineattackisalsoakindofdanger.Hackers（黑客）couldgetintoyourcarandtakecontrolofyourcar,usingtheirskillstoeitherstealyourcarorevenhurtyou.Ourtechnologymustbesafebeforewegivetoomuchtrustindriverlesscars.Driverlesscarscouldactuallymaketheairpollutionworse.Ifpeopleareabletosleeporworkintheircars,therewillbeevenlessreasontogetpublictransport（公共交通）.Unlessdriverlesscarsareallpoweredbycleanenergy,theplanetwon’tbebetterwithmoredriverlesscars.30.Aboutdriverlesscars,thewriteragreesthat________.A.wecanbuysomeinthenearfuture.B.theywerefirstinventedinthe21stcentury.C.hackerswillsurelyoperateourcarsthroughtheInternet.D.thedriversstillhavetopaytheirattentionontheroadfornow.31.Thefollowingphrase“________”hasthesamemeaningastheunderlinedphrase“cometofruition”inParagraph3.A.comeintouse B.runfree C.setoff D.takeplace32.Accordingtothepassage,driverlesscarsarefacingtheproblemsEXCEPT________.A.airpollution B.highprice C.onlineattacks D.AItechnology33.Howdoesthewriterorganizethearticle?A. B.C. D.【答案】30.D31.A32.B33.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了無人駕駛汽車目前還面臨很多需要解決的問題。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Infact,thatkindoftechnologyismanyyearsaway.Atthemoment,ourcarcanhelpcontrolthedirection,butourattentionmuststillbeontheroad.”可知，作者認(rèn)為目前司機(jī)仍需在路上集中注意力。故選D。31.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文“AlthoughAIanddriverlessskillshavedevelopedforalongtime,AIstillisn’tassmartasahumanbrainwhensomethinghappenssuddenly.Driverlesstechnologyneedstobeabletodealwithsomeaccidentsbeforeitcanbecometrulypopular.”可知，雖然AI和無人駕駛技能已經(jīng)發(fā)展了很長時(shí)間，但當(dāng)突然發(fā)生一些事情時(shí)，AI仍然不如人腦聰明。無人駕駛技術(shù)需要能夠處理一些事故，才能真正普及，可猜測出，無人駕駛汽車要投入使用的話還需要一段時(shí)間，故下劃線短語的意思應(yīng)是：投入使用，和comeintouse含義相同。故選A。32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“AlthoughAIanddriverlessskillshavedevelopedforalongtime,AIstillisn’tassmartasahumanbrainwhensomethinghappenssuddenly；Onlineattackisalsoakindofdanger；Driverlesscarscouldactuallymaketheairpollutionworse.”可推理出，無人駕駛汽車面臨的問題不包括價(jià)格高。故選B。33.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段提出了文章要討論的問題：無人駕駛汽車；接下來分兩個(gè)方面介紹：現(xiàn)在使用的無人駕駛技術(shù)；無人駕駛汽車面臨的問題；第四、五和六段回答無人駕駛汽車面臨的問題。故文章的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)是如B圖所示。故選B。Passage3（2024·華南師大附中三模）Manyeducatorsfearstudentswillusetheartificialintelligence(AI)toolChatGPTtowritetheirreportsorcheatonhomework.Butotherteachersareincludingitintheclassroom.DonniePierceyisateacherinLexington,Kentucky.Hetoldhis235th﹣gradestudentstotryandbeatthetoolthatwascreatingwritingtasks.PierceysayshisjobistopreparestudentsforaworldwhereknowledgeofAlwillberequired.HedescribesChatGPTasjustthenewesttechnologyinhis17yearsofteachingthatcausedworryaboutthepossibilityofcheating.“Aseducators,wehaven’tworkedoutthebestwaytouseAIyet,”headded.“Butit’scoming,whetherwewantittoornot.”O(jiān)nelessoninhisclasswasawritinggamebetweenstudentsandthemachine.Pierceyaskedstudentsto“FindtheBot.”EachstudentwroteashortreportaboutboxerMuhammadAli.ThentheytriedtofindoutwhichwaswrittenbyChatGPT.Afterplaying“FindtheBot.”Pierceyaskedhisclasswhatskillsithelpedthemlearn.“Howtoproperlysummarizeandcorrectlycapitalizewordsandusecommas.”saidonestudent.Anotherstudentfeltthatsentenceswrittenbystudents“havealittlemorefeeling...moreflavor.”StudentsLaksiandMcCormick,both10,saidtheycouldseethegoodandbadpartsofworkingwithchatbots.Theycanhelpstudentswhohavetroubleputtingtheirthoughtsintowriting.McCormicksaidstudentscoulduseitforsuggestions,butshouldnotuseittodoallthework.“Youshouldn’ttakeadvantageofit,”McCormicksaid.“You’renotlearninganythingifyoutypeinwhatyouwant,andthenitgivesyoutheanswer.”29.WhichopinionwillDonniePierceypossiblyagreewith?A.ThebestwaytouseAIistoputitinclassroom.B.StudentsshouldnotuseAIforalltasks.C.StudentsshouldbepreparedtolivewithAI.D.AIisthebesttooltohelpwithstudents’learning.30.Inthegame“FindtheBot”,studentslearnedsomeskillsthatcanbeprovidedbyAIEXCEPT________.A.summarizinggiventextsproperlyB.capitalizingwordscorrectlyC.correctuseofcommasD.addingmoreflavortosentences31.ChatGPTisNOTsuitableforstudentswho________.A.totallydependonchatbotsB.searchforsomesuggestionsC.wanttolearnsomethingwithitD.havedifficultyexpressingthoughtsinwriting32.Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthisarticle?________A.Environment.B.History.C.Travel.D.Science.【答案】29.C30.D31.A32.D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了人工智能工具ChatGPT在美國學(xué)校不同受眾之間的反映及看法。29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Butit’scoming,whetherwewantittoornot.”可知，DonniePiercey認(rèn)為AI的存在是不可避免的，學(xué)生們應(yīng)該做好與人工智能共存的準(zhǔn)備。故選C。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Pierceyaskedhisclasswhatskillsithelpedthemlearn.‘Howtoproperlysummarizeandcorrectlycapitalizewordsandusecommas.’saidonestudent.Anotherstudentfeltthatsentenceswrittenbystudents‘havealittlemorefeeling...moreflavor.’”可知，另一名學(xué)生認(rèn)為學(xué)生寫的句子更有感覺……更多的味道，而不是AI。故選D。31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“McCormicksaidstudentscoulduseitforsuggestions,butshouldnotuseittodoallthework”可知，ChatGPT不適合做所有的工作。故選A。32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Manyeducatorsfearstudentswillusetheartificialintelligence(AI)toolChatGPTtowritetheirreportsorcheatonhomework.Butotherteachersareincludingitintheclassroom.”結(jié)合全文可知，本文主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于人工智能，屬于科學(xué)類。故選D。Passage4（2023-24·廣州海珠區(qū)期末）Everyonefeelsstressedsometimes.Maybeyouhaveafamilysituationthatneedsextratimeandattention.Maybeyouhaveahardtimewithyourfriendsorclassmates.Maybeyouareillordon’tdowellinyourstudies.Sowhatcanyoudowhenyoufeelangry,worriedandstressedaboutthethingsthatareoutofyourcontrol?Ibelievethatifyouaddstressmanagementinyourdailylife,youcanmoreeasilydealwithyourstressfulsituations.Followthesetipstoinvitepeaceandhappinessintoyourlife.ExerciseOnewaytoworkoffstressandworriesistogetmoving.Youcandosportsorjusttakeawalk.Oneofthebenefitsofexercisingisthatyouwillallfeelcalmerandhappierafterwards.SmileSmilingandlaughingcanmakeyourelaxed.Agoodjokewithafriend,agoodmoviewithyourfamilyorjustsmilingatthesunshineworkwell.ListentomusicMusicisoneofthebestwaystoreducestressanditispopularwithpeopleofallages.Pickthemusicyoulike.It’susuallymoreeffectivewhenyouchoosesomethingquiet.Listentomusicthatmakesyoufeelrelaxedandcalm.DosomereadingReadingisalsoagoodwaytofightagainststress.Anybookthatgivesagood,positivemessageabouttheworldorthepeopleinitcanhelpyoufeelbetter.BeclosetonatureGooutandsmellthefreshair.Canyouhearthebirdssingingandfeelingthegentlewindonyourskin?Bringyourpeacefulscenetomindthenexttimeyouarefeelingannoyed.Yourstresswillbereleasedbynature.BegratefulThereisalwayssomethingyoucanbethankfulfor.Sometimesitisassimpleasthebreakfastyourmommakesforyou.Thinkaboutallthethingsthataregoodinyourlife.Positivethinkingbringsyoumoregoodthingstofeelgoodabout.Nexttimeyoufacestress,don’tworry.Justthinkabouttheabovetips,giveyourselftimealoneorwiththepeopleyoulove.Remember:agoodmoodbringsyouahealthybody.30.What’sthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.Tohelppeoplerelaxthemselves.B.Totellpeoplewhatahealthylifeis.C.Togivetipsonhavingastrongbody.D.Toshowwaysofsolvingproblems.31.Lucywassadbecauseshebrokeherlegandhadtostayinbedforafewweeks.Whatbetteradvicewouldyougiveher?①Exercise.②Smile.③Listentomusic.④Dosomereading.⑤Beclosetonature.⑥Begrateful.A.①④⑥ B.①⑤⑥ C.②③④ D.②③⑤32.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoureadthisarticle?A.Sports B.Life C.Fashion D.Travel33.Whichofthefollowingprobablymatchesthewriter’sopinion?A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.Theearlybirdcatchestheworms.C.Intimeofdanger,one’smindworksfast.D.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.【答案】30.A31.C32.B33.D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了如何在面對壓力時(shí)如何應(yīng)對和管理，幫助人們放松自己。重點(diǎn)介紹了運(yùn)動(dòng)、微笑、聽音樂、閱讀、接近大自然和感恩等五種幫助人們減壓的方法。30.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ibelievethatifyouaddstressmanagementinyourdailylife,youcanmoreeasilydealwithyourstressfulsituations.Followthesetipstoinvitepeaceandhappinessintoyourlife.”可知，寫這篇文章的目的是幫助人們放松自己。故選A。31.推理判斷題。由題干可知，Lucy腿受傷需要臥床休息幾周，她可以微笑、聽音樂或者閱讀來放松自己。腿受傷就不能鍛煉、親近自然和感恩。所以，②③④符合語境。故選C。32.推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了一些如何放松自己的方法。由此可知，在報(bào)紙的生活版塊里可以讀到本文。故選B。33.推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了一些如何放松自己的方法，由此可知，選項(xiàng)D“只工作不玩，聰明的孩子也會(huì)變成傻子?！狈献髡叩挠^點(diǎn)。故選D。Passage5（2023-24·番禺區(qū)期末統(tǒng)考）Lastmonth,callsweremadetoraisethetaxesforsugarydrinks.Thisshowsgrowingworryovertheamountofsugarthatkidsaretakinginthroughcola,juicesandotherbeverages(飲料),anewstudyhasfoundthatoneinfivechildrendidnotdrinkanywateronagivendayandthatthosekidstookinmorecalories(卡路里)fromsweetenedbeveragesthankidswhodiddrinkwater.

Thestudysurveyedon8,400childrenacrossthecountrybetweentheagesof2and19.Researchersfoundthataround20percentofchildrenarereporteddrinkingnowaterthroughouttheday.Andtheytookinalmosttwiceasmanycaloriesthankidswhodiddrinksomewater.Overall,thechildrendrank132caloriesofcolasandothersugarybeveragesperday.Thatnumberdroppedto112caloriesiftheydrankanywater.Butkidswhodidn’tdrinkanywateratalltookinanaverageof210caloriesfromsweeteneddrinks.Thiscancausealotofproblems.“Thosecaloriesdon’tprovidemuchnutrition(營養(yǎng))andtheycanaddup,”accordingtoprofessorAsher,ascientistinpublichealth.Sugarydrinkshavebeenlinkedtoanumberofdiseases,suchaschildhoodobesity,dentalproblemsandhighcholesterol.“I’veseen6-year-oldswithhighcholesterolandteenagerswithType2diabetes,”saidNatalie,adoctorforchildren.“Thesearediseasesweusedtoseeintheirgrandparents.”“Kidsshouldtakeinwatereverysingleday,andthefirstbeveragechoiceforkidsshouldbewater,”accordingtoNatalie.“Becauseifthey’renotdrinkingwater,likesugar-sweetenedbeverages,thatarelesshealthyandhavemorecalories.”Adultsshouldtakeuptheirresponsibilitytoencouragekidstodrinkwatersothattheydon’ttakeinsomethinglesshealthful.Andthingsneedtobedonetoensurechildhoodhealth.34.Whatcanwelearnaboutchildren’swaterdrinkingfromthesurvey?A.Eachofthechildrentookin210caloriesperday.B.Mostofthechildrendrankenoughwatereveryday.C.Childrenwhodranklesswaterwouldtakeinmorecalories.D.Thechildrenwhodrankwatertookintwiceasmanycalories.35.Howdoesthewritersupporthisideainparagraph3?A.Byshowingopinionsfromexperts.B.Bylistingnumbersfromasurvey.C.Bycomparinginterestingfacts.D.Bytellingstoriesfromgrandparents.36.Whatwouldprobablyhappentochildrenwhodrinksweetenedbeveragesinsteadofwater?A.Theywouldloseweight.B.Theywouldhavehealthproblems.C.Theywouldliveahappylife.D.Theywouldhavemorenutrition.37.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Todescribetheharmofsweetenedbeverages.B.Tocomparewaterwithsweetenedbeverages.C.Tosuggestsomewaystohelpchildrenliveahealthierlife.D.Tointroducetheimportanceofwaterdrinkingamongchildren.【答案】34.C35.A36.B37.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了孩子們飲水的重要性。34.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Overall,thechildrendrank132caloriesofcolasandothersugarybeveragesperday.Thatnumberdroppedto112caloriesiftheydrankanywater.”可知，喝水少的孩子會(huì)攝入更多的卡路里。故選C。35.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“‘Thosecaloriesdon’tprovidemuchnutrition(營養(yǎng))andtheycanaddup,’accordingtoprofessorAsher,ascientistinpublichealth.”以及“‘I’veseen6-year-oldswithhighcholesterolandteenagerswithType2diabetes,’saidNatalie,adoctorforchildren.‘Thesearediseasesweusedtoseeintheirgrandparents.’”可知，第三段作者通過展示專家的意見來支持自己的觀點(diǎn)。故選A。36.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“‘Thosecaloriesdon’tprovidemuchnutrition(營養(yǎng))andtheycanaddup,’accordingtoprofessorAsher,ascientistinpublichealth.”以及“‘I’veseen6-year-oldswithhighcholesterolandteenagerswithType2diabetes,’saidNatalie,adoctorforchildren.‘Thesearediseasesweusedtoseeintheirgrandparents.’”可知，喝加糖飲料而不喝水的孩子可能會(huì)有健康問題。故選B。37.主旨大意題。通讀全文及文章最后一段中的“Adultsshouldtakeuptheirresponsibilitytoencouragekidstodrinkwatersothattheydon’ttakeinsomethinglesshealthful.Andthingsneedtobedonetoensurechildhoodhealth.”可知，本文主要介紹了孩子們飲水的重要性，D項(xiàng)符合。故選D。Passage6（2023-24·荔灣區(qū)期末統(tǒng)考）Everyday,oneinfiveparentsintheUKshareaphotooftheirchildrenonsocialmedia(社交媒體).Itisagreatwayforfriendsandfamilytokeepuptodatewitheachother’slives,somepeoplethinkthatchildrenshouldhaveasayinwhetherpicturesofthemselvesarepostedonline.Sowhocandecidewhetherphotosshouldbepostedonlineornot?Somepeoplethinkparentsshouldalwaysaskfirst.Parentsmaydothisforgood,butanythingpostedonlinemayremainthereforever.Thesemaybeseenbypeoplewhothechildrendon’twanttosharetheirchildhoodwith.Childrenshouldhavecontroloftheirownphotos.Eveniftheparentthinksitisanicepicture,thechildrenmaynotagree.Also,theymaynotwanttheirfriendstoknowwhattheyhavebeendoingintheholidaysorwhotheyarespendingtimewith.Forthosewhoholdanoppositeopinion,parentsareabletodecidewhatisbestfortheirchildren.Theysharephotoswithpeopletheyknowandtrust.Socialmediaisagreatwaytokeepintouchwithpeopleandfindoutwhatfamilyandfriendsareupto.Parentsknowhowtosettherightprivacysettingstomakesurethephotosareonlyseenbyfriendsandfamily.Besides,itisimportantthatchildren’srealnamesandthelocationarehidden.Parentsalsoselectphotosthatwon’tbeawkwardtothechildrenbecausealmosteverychildpreferstoleaveagoodimpressiononothers.It’sagreatwaytomakememories,too.Sincemostpeopledon’tkeepprintedphotosinalbums,socialmediaistheperfectplacetostoretheminstead.37.Whydon’tchildrenwanttheirphotostobesharedbyparentsonline?A.Childrendisagreetosharethephotoswithallthefriends.B.Childrendisliketosharetheirholidayswiththeirfriends.C.Parentsdon’tshowtherealnamesoftheirchildrenonline.D.Parentsdon’tknowhowtoprinttheonlinephotosinalbums.38.Whatdoestheunderlined“awkward”probablymeaninParagraph3?A.Embarrassing. B.Amazing. C.Boring. D.Pleasing.39.Whenmaystudentsallowparentstopostthephotosofthemaccordingtothepassage?A.Whentheirpersonalinformationisprotected.B.Whenallthefamilymembersareinthephotos.C.Whenthephotosareeasytodrawothers’attention.D.Wheneveryfriendoftheparents’canseethephotos.40.Whatisthispassageabout?A.Teachingparentshowtopostphotosonline.B.Makingthechildrenunderstandtheirparents.C.Discussingwhohasthefinalsayaboutphotospostingonline.D.Talkingabouttheproblemsbetweenparentsandtheirchildren.【答案】37.A38.A39.A40.C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要論述了誰可以決定是否將照片放在網(wǎng)上。37.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“Thesemaybeseenbypeoplewhothechildrendon’twanttosharetheirchildhoodwith.”可知，孩子并不想和所有朋友分享，故選A。38.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文中“becausealmosteverychildpreferstoleaveagoodimpressiononothers.”可知，幾乎每個(gè)孩子都喜歡給別人留下好印象，所以父母會(huì)選擇不會(huì)讓孩子尷尬的照片，awkward應(yīng)意為“尷尬的”，與Embarrassing同義，故選A。39.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Theysharephotoswithpeopletheyknowandtrust.…Parentsknowhowtosettherightprivacysettingstomakesurethephotosareonlyseenbyfriendsandfamily.Besides,itisimportantthatchildren’srealnamesandthelocationarehidden.”可知，如果他們的個(gè)人信息被保護(hù)的話，學(xué)生會(huì)同意父母上傳他們的照片，故選A。40.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文中“Sowhocandecidewhetherphotosshouldbepostedonlineornot?”可知，本文主要討論誰可以決定是否將照片放在網(wǎng)上，故選C。Passage7（2023-24·深圳福田區(qū)期末）Oneofmyfavoriteinventionsinrecentyearsisfaceunlocking.Withoutneedingtoliftmyfingersandtypeinthenumbers,Icangetstraightintomyphonewithjustalook.Nowthereisanewtechnologydesignedtoreplacethepasswordcalledthe“passkey”!Passkeysturnyourphoneintosomethingabitlikeawallet,whichyoucanusetostoremembershipcardstoallofyourappsandservices.Whenyouneedtologintoawebsite,you’lljusthavetotapabuttononyourphoneandyourpasskeywalletwillletyouinwithoutanyworry.Andhowdoesitkeepthiswalletsafe?Byusingthesame“biometric(生物統(tǒng)計(jì))”checkyourphoneuses—afacescanorafingerprintthatcannoteasilybeforged.Passkeyswon’tjustsaveusfromhavingtorememberpasswordsbut,perhapslogginginwithapasskeywillactuallybemuchsaferthantypingapassword.Thisisbecauseitusesatechnologycalled“publickey”cryptography(密碼)whichisoneofthebuildingblocksoftheInternet—andishowcomputershavesecurelycommunicatedwithothercomputersforsomanyyears.Toputitsimply,itworksabitlikeakey,insteadofapassword.Withapassword,thewebsitehastokeepadatabase(數(shù)據(jù)庫)ofeveryone’spasswordstocheckagainstwhenyoulogin.Butwithapasskey,whenyoucreateyouraccountonawebsite,itwilleffectivelycreateanewlockandkey.Thewebsitewillkeepthelock,★.Ithinkit’sareallycleveridea,andthatpasskeysaregoingtomakeourdigitallivesevensafer.So,nexttimeyou’recomplainingthatyoucan’trememberyourpassword,don’tworrytoomuch.Itwon’talwaysbelikethis!36.Thewriterexplainshowthepasskeysworkby________.A.givingexamples B.listingnumbersC.raisingquestions D.comparingsimilarthings37.Theunderlinedword“forged”inparagraph3means________.A.copied B.printed C.canceled D