2022高考英語一輪復習Module1LifeintheFuture學案必修4

Module1LifeintheFuture一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認就行(背誦時遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．brickn． 磚2．concreten. 混凝土3．urbanadj. 都市的；城市的4．landfilln. 垃圾填埋地5．onlineadv. 聯(lián)機地6．cataloguen. 目錄(二)背重點單詞——寫對才行1．outdoorsadv. 戶外2．mandn．&vt. 命令；指令3．chargen. 費用；價錢4．shapevt. 造成……形狀5．materialn. 材料6．solaradj. 太陽的7．a(chǎn)rrestvt. 逮捕；拘留8．firevt. 開火；啟動9．switchn. 開關vi. 交換；調(diào)換10．eventuallyadv. 最后；終于11．a(chǎn)lternativeadj. 替換的；供選擇的12．resourcen. (常作復數(shù))資源(三)背拓展單詞——用準才行1．mudn．泥→muddyadj.多泥的；泥濘的2．crimen．罪；罪行→criminaladj.犯罪的；犯法的n．罪犯3．predictv．預言；預告→predictionn.預言；預測→predictableadj.可預見的4．riskn．危險；風險v．使……冒風險→riskyadj.危險的；冒險的5．relyvi.依賴；依靠→reliableadj.可信賴的；可依靠的6．loadvi.裝；裝載→unloadvt.(從車、船上)卸，取下→uploadvt.上載；上傳→download_vt.7．limitn.(常作復數(shù))范圍；限度；限制；限量；限額v．限制；限定→limitedadj.有限的→limitationn.限制，限度，控制8．powervt.供給動力n．控制力；影響力→powerfuladj.強大的→powerlessadj.無影響力的；無權的9．a(chǎn)bleadj.有才智的；有才能的→abilityn．能力→disablevt.使喪失能力；使殘疾→disabledadj.傷殘的→disabilityn．失去能力；傷殘10．a(chǎn)ttachvt.系；貼；連接→attachmentn．附件→attachedadj.附屬于11．optimisticadj.樂觀的；樂觀主義的→optimismn．樂觀主義→optimistn.樂觀的人；樂天派12．definiteadj.肯定的；確定的→definitelyadv.無疑地；確定地→definitionn．定義；解釋，釋義[語境活用]1．Iwassurethattherearereasonstorelyonyouforyouaresaidtobereliable.(rely)2．Whetherthiswillbesuccessfulornotisstilldifficultto_predict,_soIdon'tbelievehisprediction.(predict)3．Ifeltthatweweretakingunnecessaryrisksbytakingsuchariskyexperiment.(risk)4．Ascriminals,_theyshouldmakeacleanbreastoftheircrimestothepolice.(crime)5．Speecheswere_limitedto15minuteseach,butyourremarksarewithoutlimitation.(limit)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．a(chǎn)lternativeadj.替換的；供選擇的n．可供選擇的事物背詞條用法(1)analternativeto……的替代品(to是介詞)havenoalternativebuttodosth.別無選擇只好做某事havethealternativeofdoingsth.有做某事的選擇(2)“別無選擇只好做某事”的其他表達形式：can'tdosth.butdosth.candonothingbutdosth.havenochoicebuttodosth.背寫作佳句①Ifyoudon'tliketheideaofkeepingdoingvolunteerworkforthewholeday,here'sanalternativeplan.如果你不喜歡整天做志愿者工作，這里有一個替代計劃。②Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Sometimes,inordertosucceed,wehavenoalternativebuttofacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit.失敗是成功之母。有時候，為了成功，我們不得不勇敢地直面失敗并從中吸取教訓。2．mandn．命令；指令；掌握；指揮；控制vt.命令；指揮背詞條用法(1)atone'smand聽某人支配haveagoodmandof很好地掌握；精通(尤指語言)takemandof控制；擔任……的指揮(2)mandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事mandthat...(should)do...命令……做……背寫作佳句①(2019·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)Besides,IhavesuchagoodmandofEnglishthatIcanintroduceChineseculturetovisitorsinEnglish.另外，我英語掌握得如此好以至于我能用英語向游客介紹中國文化。②Asfortherelativejob,itismandedthatyoushouldpleteitbeforethisweekend.關于相關工作，要求你在周末之前完成。3．chargen．費用；價錢；主管；指控vt.收費；控告；充電背詞條用法(1)takechargeof主管/負責……inchargeof控制/管理……(表示主動)in/underthechargeofsb.由某人負責/掌管(表示被動)freeofcharge＝forfree免費(2)chargesb.forsth.為某物向某人收取費用chargesb.with(doing)sth.＝accusesb.of(doing)sth.指控/指責某人(做)某事背寫作佳句①(2020·5月天津高考)Supposeyouareinchargeofasmallsociety,whatwillyoudotohelpyourpartner?假定你負責一個小社團，你會做些什么來幫助你的伙伴？②I'lltakechargeofthewholeworknextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.＝I'llbeinchargeofthewholeworknextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.＝Thewholeworkwillbein/underthechargeofmenextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.下周主管不在時，我將負責整個工廠。(五)背短語詞塊——表達出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認再現(xiàn)1．for_sure 肯定地2．run_out (某物)用完；不多了；沒有了3．rely_on 依靠4．get_rid_of 除掉；處理掉5．look_out 小心；當心6．place_an_order/orders 訂購7．free_of_charge 免費8．use_up 用完9．for_a_start 首先10．on_the_way_out 即將被淘汰；即將過時eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點短語拓展用活1．runout(某物)用完；不多了；沒有了(不及物動詞短語)背相關短語(1)runoutof用完(及物動詞短語)useup用完；耗盡(及物動詞短語)giveout用完；耗盡；筋疲力盡(不及物動詞短語)(2)runacross偶然遇到runafter追逐；追蹤runinto撞上；偶然碰見背寫作佳句①(2020·天津高考)Weshouldavoidbeingthosewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.我們應該避免做那些在到達半途之前而頹廢的人。②IranacrossoneofmyoldfriendswhenIwaswalkinginthestreettheotherday.前幾天我在街上走的時候碰到了一位老朋友。③Foodsuppliesintheflood-strickenareaarerunningout/givingout,sowemustacttosupplyimmediately.洪水災區(qū)的食品供應快用完了，因此我們必須立即采取行動進行補給。2．relyon依靠；依賴；信任背相關短語(1)relyonsb./sth.doing/todosth.指望某人/某物做某事relyonitthat...相信……；指望……(2)reliableinformation可靠的信息areliablefriend一個可信賴的朋友背寫作佳句①Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.你可以相信我會為你保守秘密。②Myfriendisareliableperson,andyoucanrelyonitthathewillgiveyouahand.我的朋友是個可靠的人，你可以相信他會幫助你的。③Wemayrelyonitthathisfamilywillpaybackallthedebtsinoneyear.我們可以相信一年內(nèi)他家里會還清所有的債務。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．I'mtoobusyenjoyingmylifenowtoworryaboutthefuture！(too...to...結(jié)構)我現(xiàn)在忙于享受生活而無暇為未來擔憂！佳句①ThefirsttimeIlearnttoridebicycle,Ifounditseemedtooheavyanddifficulttocontrol.我第一次學騎自行車的時候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自行車似乎太重了，并且很難控制。佳句②Asthesayinggoes,wearenevertoooldtostudy,soneversaydie！俗話說，我們活到老，學到老，所以永不言?。?．Notallpredictionsetrue.(部分否定句型)并非所有的預言都會成為現(xiàn)實。佳句①Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.雖然網(wǎng)上購物改變了我們的生活，但并不是所有的影響都是積極的。佳句②Tobehonest,alltheseniorstudentsdon'tlikeEnglish,butdon'tforgetitisatooltodevelopyourself.說實話，并不是所有的高年級學生都喜歡英語，但別忘了它是一個來發(fā)展你自己的工具。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Thebestwaytopredictthefutureistocreateit.預測未來最好的方式是創(chuàng)造未來。2．Inthefuture,wewillbeusingadvancedtechnologyeverydayforautomaticcontrolofjustabouteverythinginourhome.在未來，我們每天都會使用先進技術對家中幾乎所有東西進行自動化控制。3．Well,nowthere'sasystemwherethewasteisdisposedofusingtheprinciplesofecology.現(xiàn)在，這里有一種裝置，能利用生態(tài)學原理來處理掉廢棄物。(二)背滿分作文——好習作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學點——道歉信(二)[題目要求]假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Mark希望向你了解國畫的相關知識，因你臨時有事，需要推遲見面時間。請給Mark寫一封郵件，說明情況，要點包括：1．表示歉意并說明原因；2．重約見面和討論的時間；3．推薦其先參觀國畫展覽。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[背范文]DearMark，Ihatetosaysorry,butthereisachangeinmyschoolarrangements.SoI'mafraidIwon'tbeabletokeepmyappointmenttodiscussChinesepaintingswithyou.Isincerelyapologizetoyouforanyinconveniencecausedbytheunexpectedchange.Isuggestweputitoffuntil3pmnextThursday.Willthatbefinebyyou?GoodnewsisthatanexhibitionofChinesepaintingsistobeheldthisweekend.Worksbysomenationwidefamouspainterswillbeexhibited.AvisitwilldefinitelydeepenyourunderstandingofChinesepaintings.Pleaseallowmetosaysorryagain.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiHua[學亮點]1．學高級表達(1)使用高級詞匯和語塊，如：keepone'sappointment,sincerelyapologizeto,unexpectedchange,putoff,deepen等。(2)熟練使用高級句式，如：過去分詞短語作定語causedbytheunexpectedchange；suggest后接虛擬語氣weputitoffuntil3pmnextThursday；表語從句thatanexhibitionofChinesepaintings...等。這些表達增強了文章的表達效果，是加分的亮點所在。2．學精彩結(jié)尾結(jié)尾先用祈使句Pleaseallowmetosaysorryagain.再次表達歉意，充滿了誠意。最后用Lookingforwardtoyourreply.表達了對回復的期待。3．防微點失分考生容易把“Isincerelyapologizetoyou”錯誤地表達為“Isincerelyapologizeyou”，或把anyinconvenience誤寫成anyinconveniences，從而導致失分。學案(一)重點單詞的查漏補缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Waterisanessentiallynon-renewableresource(資源),soweshouldvalueit.2．Thegovernmenthelpedwithmaterials(物質(zhì)，材料)andmoneywhenthedisasteroccurredlastyear.3.Nowthattheweatheriswarmer,whydon'tyouinviteyourpartnertogooutdoors(戶外，室外)．4．Attheendofthespeech,theprofessorsaid:“Pleasedonothesitatetoregisteronline(在線地)immediately.”5.WeallagreethattheGreatWallisaplacetowhichpeopletravelforrecreation(娛樂)andeducation.6.Duringthe1960s,scientistswereoptimistic(樂觀的)thatmalariacouldbewipedout,andinfact,greatprogresswasmade.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加黑部分的漢語意思1．Dostillrememberthattimewhenwehadtopickourwayalongthemuddytrack？泥濘的2．Ifwewanttosurviveasaspecies,wehavetoexpandintothesolarsystemandlikelybeyond.太陽的3．Theyaretryingtomakeanewmedicinetoarrestthespreadofthedisease.阻止；中止4．DoyouknowLindawasfiredforhercasualattitudetowardsthejob？解雇5．Forsomereason,whencertainshowsswitchedintoamercial,aloudnoisewouldsoundforafewseconds.轉(zhuǎn)變6．(熟詞生義)(2020·浙江高考)Weyelledatthebear,hitpotshard,andfiredblankshotgunshellsintotheair.發(fā)射7．(熟詞生義)(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.自動供電8．(熟詞生義)(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.突然猛沖Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．Plasticsurgerydefinitely(definite)doesharmtoindividualsmainlybecausethepatientswillhavetotakerisksofdamagingtheirhealth.2．Thelittleboytriedtosavehissisterfromtheriverattheriskofhisownlife,whichisquiterisky.(risk)3．Thesecrimesweremittedlargelybyprofessionalcriminalswholivedbycrime.(crime)4．Manyparentsfeelsometeachersinthiskindergartenarereliableandtheycanrelyonthemtolookaftertheirchildren.(rely)5．Itisbadmannerstolaughatdisabledpeople.Mostofusmayendupindisabilityoneday.(disable)6．Iamtaughttomakeunlimitedefforttofulfillmytaskalthoughtheresourcesarelimited.(limit)7．Chinawillnotattachitselftoanybigpoweralthoughitisnotthatpowerful.(power)8．ThescientistsinAmericapredictthatthepreviouspredictionsthattheGreekscholarsmadewon'tturnintoreality.(predict)名師點撥“一站清”(1)注意outdoors的詞性：outdoorsadv.在戶外；n.野外；outdooradj.戶外的；室外的。(2)“娛樂”種種：名詞有：recreation“娛樂，消遣，游戲”；amusement“消遣，娛樂，樂趣”；entertainment“娛樂，消遣，款待”。動詞有：amuse“(使)娛樂，(提供)消遣，逗笑，逗樂”；entertain“娛樂，招待，款待”。(3)optimistic“樂觀的”其近義詞有：hopeful“有希望的，有前途的”；positive“積極的，正的，陽性的”；promising“有希望的，有前途的”。[重點練——深化高頻考點]1．a(chǎn)lternative[明其義]adj.替換的；供選擇的_n．可供選擇的事物[通其用](1)單句語法填空①TheInternetalsoprovidesuswithacheapalternativetomunicating(municate)withothers.②Atleastyouhavethealternativeofmarryingorremainingabachelor.(2)補全句子③Sincethereisnothingtohelp,one_of_the_alternativesopentoyouistoresign.既然無能為力，你辭職也是個辦法。④Thegrowthofalternative_mental_interestsisalongprocess.培養(yǎng)第二精神愛好是個漫長的過程。[解其困]alternative可作形容詞，也可作名詞。同學們在做語法填空題的時候，一定要分清詞性哦。2．mand[明其義]n．命令；指令；掌握；指揮；控制_vt.命令；指揮[通其用](1)單句語法填空①I'matyourmand—whatwouldyoulikemetodo?②Ifyoudonotserveothers,youcannottakemandofthem.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換/補全句子③Thepolicemandedthewitnesstodescribewhathadhappenedthedaybefore.→Thepolicemandedthatthewitness(should)_describe_what_had_happenedthedaybefore.④Wecontendedthateverycollegestudentmusthaveamandofaforeignlanguage.我們堅持認為每位大學生必須掌握一門外語。[解其困]mand后面跟從句時，從句謂語動詞用虛擬語氣“(should＋)動詞原形”，以下動詞具有相同的用法：一堅持：insist；二命令：order,mand；三建議：suggest,advise,remend；四要求：demand,request,require,desire；再加一個敦促：urge。3．charge[明其義]n．費用；價錢；主管；指控vt.收費；控告；充電[通其用](1)單句語法填空①—Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.—Thefirsttwoarefreewhilethethirdcosts＄30.②Themanwhowasinchargeoftheshopwaschargedwithsellingfakes.(2)一句多譯老實說，我不確定明年誰將負責這個委員會。③Tobehonest,Iamnotsurewhowill_take_charge_of_themitteenextyear.④Tobehonest,Iamnotsurewhowillbe_in_charge_ofthemitteenextyear.⑤Tobehonest,Iamnotsurewhothemitteewill_be_under_the_charge_of_nextyear.[解其困]beinchargeof與beunderthechargeof的主語和賓語是不一樣的哦！學案(二)詞塊、句式的活學活用——強化關鍵能力[詞塊的驗收盤點]Ⅰ.詞塊點點練——選詞填空useup，forsure，attachedto，relyon/upon，getridof，runoutof，placeanorder，forastart，freeofcharge，onthewayout1.Sometimes,theentranceticketsareavailablefree_of_chargefromtheuniversity.2．Jackistherightpersonyoucanrely_on/upontocarryontheresearchwhenyouareonvacationforthenexttwoweeks.3．Itisstillimpossibleforhimtoget_rid_ofthestrangesmellonsuchafoggymorning.4.Iamafraidthatwewilluse_upnaturalresources，leavingnothingtotheyoungergenerationssomeday.5.Withscienceandtechnologydevelopingsofast,thiskindofsmartphoneison_the_way_out.6.Onethingisfor_sure,_Johnsonwon'tgiveuphisdreamnomatterhowdifficultitisonthewaytosuccess.7．Theoldmanworeaneyeglassattached_toapieceofribbon,whichappearedwonderful.8．Youneednotworryaboutrunning_out_ofmoney—Iwillalwaysseeyouright.9．Heremarkedabruptly,“ifIplace_an_ordernow,whenwouldyoubeabletoshipit？”10．Iwaslategettingoffworkfor_a_start,_andthenImissedthebus.名師點撥“一站清”(1)由freeof可聯(lián)想到短語freefrom,它們都可表示“沒有……的”或“免于……的”。(2)useup為及物動詞，相當于runout；runout為不及物短語。(3)注意關于way的短語：ontheway“在去……的路上”；intheway“擋路”；bytheway“順便說”。(4)掌握“forsure”的用法后，同學們還要注意其他關于sure的用法：makesure強調(diào)動作；besure強調(diào)狀態(tài)。二者后面都可以跟“todo/of/about...”。Ⅱ.易錯對對碰——辨析比較1．inchargeofVSinthechargeof比較①Thehousehasbeenin_the_charge_ofMrBellformorethanayear.②Thechiefengineerisamanofwisdom,whoisin_charge_ofdirectingthebuildingofthesubway.辨清(1)inchargeof多以人作主語，指“某人負責/主管某事”。(2)inthechargeof多以物作主語，指“某物由某人掌管”。類似的還有：inpossessionof,inthepossessionof;incontrolof,inthecontrolof。2．runoutVSrunoutof比較①Wehavealreadyrun_out_ofmoneyandIdon'tknowwhattodonext.②Inthefuture,caringfortheenvironmentwillbeeveryimportantasearth'snaturalresourcesrun_out.辨清兩個詞組同樣是表示“用光，耗盡”，但用法不同：(1)runout是不及物動詞短語，不可用于被動語態(tài)，其主語一般是物。(2)runoutof為及物動詞短語，多用于完成時態(tài)或進行時態(tài)，其主語一般是人。Ⅲ.多義比比看——一詞多義(寫出下列各句中attachto的含義)①HeisaskedtocreateaPDFversiontoattachtoyoure-mailcoverletters.附加到……②Astimegoesby,IamgettingmoreandmoreattachedtotheschoolIamstudyingin.喜愛，依戀③IhavebeeninformedthatIwillbeattachedtothisdepartmentuntiltheendoftheyear.為……工作[句式的驗收盤點](一)too...to...結(jié)構[通其用]補全句子①Heissaidtobetoo_young_to_be_sent_abroad_foradvancedstudy.人們都說他太年輕，不能被送到外國深造。②(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,waslivinginaflatbyherself,andsinceshe'dfoundittoo_much_to_cope_with,_she'dtakenitoutonotherpeople.她和丈夫在一周前分手了，現(xiàn)在獨自住在一個公寓里，因為她覺得一切實在難以應付，她就拿其他人撒氣。③(2020·5月天津高考)Carryingadequatebatteries,however,wouldmaketheplanetoo_heavy_to_get_offtheground.然而，攜帶足夠的電池會使飛機太重而無法起飛。④Wecannot_emphasize_too_much_theimportanceoflearningEnglish.我們再怎樣強調(diào)學英文的重要性也不為過。[解其困]too...to...句式的結(jié)構形式為“too＋形容詞或副詞＋to＋動詞原形”，通常翻譯為“太……而不能……”。但是，在以下幾種情況中，該結(jié)構可表示肯定意義：(1)某些形容詞與“too...to...”結(jié)構連用時，too(＝very)表示肯定的意義。這些形容詞多為表達人的態(tài)度、情感傾向的詞，如glad,pleased,surprised,delighted,happy,willing,ready,eager,anxious等。(2)can't/canneverbetoo＋adj....＝can'tneverbe＋adj.＋enough...“再……也不過分”。如：Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.人絕對不會因為年紀太大而不能學習。/活到老，學到老。(3)“only/buttoo＋adj.＋todosth.”結(jié)構，表示肯定意義。如：Heisonlytoopleasedtoreceiveherinvitation.他非常高興收到她的請柬。(二)部分否定[通其用]1．補全句子①Thetruthisthatnoteveryoneisattachinggreatimportancetotimemanagement.事實是并不是每個人都把合理安排時間看得重要。②Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon't_agree_with_everything.我同意你說的大部分內(nèi)容，但是我并非同意你講的一切。2．句型轉(zhuǎn)換③It'simpossibleforalltheapplicantstogetthejobs,becauseallofthemaren'tfitforthejobs.→It'simpossibleforalltheapplicantstogetthejobs,becausenot_all_of_them_are_fit_for_the_jobs.[解其困](1)英語中的all,both,every,everybody,everything,pletely,always,whole,entirely等具有總括意義的代詞、形容詞、副詞與否定詞not連用，無論not位置如何，均構成部分否定，表示“不是都；并非都”。(2)英語中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere等表達否定意義的詞(組)與肯定式謂語一起使用構成“全部否定”。學案(三)高考語篇的價值發(fā)掘——提升學科素養(yǎng)2017全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀理解C篇——對接課標主題：社會進步與人類文明(一)精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中黑體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhaspleteditsfirstflight,bringingthepanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle—namedtheTransition—hastwoseats,fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.[2]Around100peoplehavealreadyputdown②a$10,000deposit③togetaTransitionwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'sexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon'thelpifyou'restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.[3]Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahasecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthepanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.[4]MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration'sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.eq\o(Terrafugiasaysanownerwould,\s\do4(1))needtopassatestandplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition,arequirementpilotswouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet.［析微點·厚積語言基礎］①微技法——根據(jù)首尾句和段落的高頻詞匯確定段落大意第28題可以根據(jù)第一段的首句和段中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞匯確定段落大意。②微積累——熟詞生義：putdown寫下，放下，鎮(zhèn)壓(熟義)下定金，付部分費用(生義)③微積累——“deposit”存款知多少depositn．存款；押金；訂金depositinsurance存款保險depositaccount存款賬戶；郵儲存款bankdeposit銀行存款timedeposit定期存款通句式——句子(1)中says后為省略了引導詞that的賓語從句，“arequirement”作“topassatest...flyingtime”的同位語，“pilotswouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet”為省略了關系代詞that/which的定語從句。[理脈絡——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律](二)解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]28．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThebasicdataoftheTransition.B．Theadvantagesofflyingcars.C．Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.D．ThedesignersoftheTransition.解析：選A段落大意題。第一段的第二句“Thevehicle...likeacar.”介紹了飛行汽車Transition的構造，第一段的后半部分介紹了它的空中飛行速度、陸地行駛速度和油耗情況，這些都是飛行汽車的基本數(shù)據(jù)。故選A項。29．WhyistheTransitionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?A．Itcausestrafficjams. B．Itisdifficulttooperate.C．Itisveryexpensive. D．Itburnstoomuchfuel.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'sexpectedtocost$279,000.”可知，這種飛行汽車的價格是非常昂貴的，所以不太可能大量出現(xiàn)在路上。故選C項。30．Whatisthegovernment'sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A．Cautious. B．Favorable.C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.解析：選B觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthepanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.”可推知，政府對該項目是支持的。故選B項。31．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．FlyingCaratAutoShowB．TheTransition'sFirstFlightC．Pilots'DreamingTrueD．FlyingCarClosertoReality解析：選D標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段第一句以及下文對這種汽車的現(xiàn)狀和前景的詳細描述可知，Terrafugia公司的飛行汽車成功進行了第一次飛行，從而使飛行汽車更加接近現(xiàn)實。所以選D項。[為什么考·有何價值——導向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)第31題主要考查學生的概括性思維。閱讀全文內(nèi)容，可知本文是一則新聞報道，介紹了一種新型的飛行汽車。新聞報道的主題句通常是第一句話，本文的第一句中提到了“flyingcar”和“closertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear”，由此可知，飛行汽車快要變成現(xiàn)實了，故選D項。A項以偏概全，該選項中雖然有flyingcar，但它出現(xiàn)在汽車展覽會上是以后的事，并不是文章重點；B項以偏概全，這款飛行汽車在上個月的飛行只是在第一段提到，并不能概括全文；C項張冠李戴，最后一段雖然提到了飛行員，但開飛行汽車不是他們的夢想。二、聚焦核心價值本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了一款Terrafugia公司研制的飛行汽車——theTransition，這款飛行汽車成功進行了第一次飛行，使飛行汽車成為現(xiàn)實更進一步，旨在使考生了解現(xiàn)代的交通科技發(fā)展前沿信息，開闊考生的視野和思維。本文旨在激發(fā)學生為新時代交通發(fā)展貢獻力量，為建設交通強國而不懈奮斗。(三)借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theywereonaplaneflying(fly)fromLondontoNewYork.2．Weadmittedhaving_driven(drive)thecarwithoutinsurance.3．Thematerials(material)youneedareavailablefromanygooddo-it-yourselfstore.4．Atruckwentoutofcontrolandcrashedintothebackofabus.5．Oneoftheboyswaspushingtheotheralonginalittleboxonwheels(wheel)．Ⅱ.補全句子1．Thejournalistssimplyput_down(記下)whattheythoughttheyheard.2．Peoplemaynotunderstandorappreciatewhatwearegoing_through(經(jīng)歷)．3．Thecarwas_stuck_in(被困在)themudandcouldn'tmove.Ⅲ.分析長難句MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration'sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.[句式解構]本句是含有一個賓語從句和一個非限制性定語從句的主從復合句。主句的主語是Mann，謂語動詞是said。said后是賓語從句，省略了引導詞that；動詞不定式短語“tocreateaseparatesetofstandards...”在句中作目的狀語；which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞standards。[句意翻譯]Mann說Terrafugia公司得益于聯(lián)邦航空管理局五年前為輕型運動飛行器單獨創(chuàng)造一套標準的決定，這些標準比較大的飛機的飛行員的標準低。Ⅳ.主題語境寫作你校要舉行一次英語演講比賽，話題是“暢想未來生活，享受人生快樂”。假設你已經(jīng)報名，請用英語寫一篇演講稿，準備參加比賽。你可以從科技發(fā)展給未來生活、學習和工作帶來的影響以及如何準備迎接挑戰(zhàn)、適應新生活等方面展開描述和討論。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。LifeintheFuture參考范文：LifeintheFutureGoodmorning,everyone!I'mgladtobeabletogiveatalkaboutthefuturelifehere.Ithinktherewillbemorebenefitsthanproblemslivinginthefuture.Ifthereisdirtyairwewillsolvethatbyplacingacoveroverourhometown.Inthiswaywecankeepoutallthedustanddirt.Ifitistoohot,peoplewillbeprovidedwithsuitsfittedwithcoolingsystems.Inthatwaytheywillkeepcoolallthetime.Asfortheproblemoftheenergyrunningoutthatwefacetoday,itwillbesolvedbyusingtheenergyfromthesuntorunalltheelectricalplantsaswellascars.Luckily,itwillbeendlesscleanenergy！SoIthinkthatlifeinthefuturewillbemuchbetterthanitisnow.That'sall,thankyou!課下主題訓練社會進步與人類文明Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAgroupofresearchersattheLawrenceLivermoreNationalLaboratoryarecurrentlyengagedinan18-monthstudyincooperationwithAutodeskResearch,a3-Ddesignsoftwarepany,todesignthehelmetofthefuture.Thegroupisinvestigatingwhether3-Dprintedmicrostructureswithinhelmetdesigncanabsorbmoreofthemomentum(沖力)ofacollisionthancurrenthelmettechnology.Usually,designersstartwithaconceptorsomegeneralideaofwhataproductwilllooklike.Thatisn'tthecasefortheresearchersatLawrenceLivermore.Instead,theyareusingAutodesk'sProjectDreamcatchersoftware,whichallowsdesignerstoinputspecificdesignobjectives,includingfunctionalrequirements,materialtypeandsoon,toserveupadesignbasedonwhattheresearchersneedittoacplish.“Insomewaysthisisapletelynewwayofthinkingaboutdesign，”technicalresearcherEricDuosssaid.Theideainvolvestakingthesameelementsthatmakeupstrong,flexiblestructuresandmakingthemsmaller.ImaginetheEiffelTower'slattice(格子架)design,butverysmall.Thelabiscurrentlytestingavarietyofmaterialstobuilditshelmetconstructedofnano-sizedlattice.Oneofthemorepromisingelementsis3-Dprintedsilicon(硅),whichcouldbeusedtoreplacethecurrentfoampadsthatmosthelmetsforsportsuse.Internalanalysishasshownthesesiliconpadscouldabsorb50%moreenergythanasolidpieceoffoam.Itwaspreviouslyimpossibletoconstructtheseformations,butanincreasein3-Dprinterresolutionhasstartedthedesigninnovation.The3-Dprintedmicroarchitecturetechnologyismostlybeingresearchedattheuniversitylevel.ThescientistsatLawrenceLivermorearepatentingvariousdiscoveriesmadealongtheway.Thelabisalsoconsideringthissametechnologyforotherapplications,likebicyclehelmets.“Beyondhelmets,therearealotofopportunitiesfor3-Dprintedmicrostructuraldesigninautomotiveengineeringandaerospace，”Duosssaid.Airplanescouldbemademorelightweight,forexample.It'slikelythesehelmetsarestillafewyearsoff,buttheorganizationsaiditexpectstoseeitsmicro-latticeworksbeemoremonindesignatlargeinthenearfuture.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)3-D打印的微體系結(jié)構的頭盔對頭部的保護作用更大，因為它有效地吸收了撞擊力。1．Whatdotheresearchersaimtodo?A．Designabetter3-Dprinter.B．Setupasoftwarepany.C．Studythemomentumofacollisioninsports.D．Testtheperformanceofanewtypeofhelmet.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，這組研究人員在調(diào)查3-D打印的微體系結(jié)構的頭盔是否能夠吸收更多的沖力，即測試這種新型頭盔的性能。2．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Theresearchers'sourceofinspiration.B．Thestructureoftheresearchers'product.C．Theresearchers'creativedesignconcept.D．Thegeneraldescriptionoftheresearchers'product.解析：選C段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要說明了研究人員采用了一種新的設計思路來設計頭盔，即目標驅(qū)動的設計理念，故選C。3．Whyare3-Dprintedsiliconpadsusedtoreplacethefoamones?A．Theyaremuchsmallerinsize.B．Theycanbeeasilyconstructed.C．Theyarewidelyusedinsportshelmets.D．Theycanabsorbmorecollisionmomentum.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“3-Dprintedsilicon(硅)...thesesiliconpadscouldabsorb50%moreenergythanasolidpieceoffoam”可知，3-D打印的硅墊較現(xiàn)在的固體泡沫墊能多吸收50%的能量，故選D。4．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthemicroarchitecturetechnologyfromthelastparagraph?A．Ithasgainedlotsofpatents.B．Itwillproveitsvalueinvariousfields.C．Itwillchangethearchitecturaldesignbusiness.D．Itcanbringmoreprofitstohelmetmanufacturers.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句及“thissametechnologyforotherapplications...engineeringandaerospace...”可知，這項技術將會被應用在多個領域。BAnewtrainingcourseinBaliishopingtochangethewaywethinkaboutconstruction.Bamboo,thefast-growinggrassplantmontoAfrica,AsiaandLatinAmerica,hasbeenusedforthousandsofyearstobuildhouses,bridges,etc.Architectshavecalledit“greensteel”．Yet,regardlessofitsexcellentcharacteristics—bambooisflexibleandhasthestrengthofsteel—thisplantremainssomethingofaforgottensolutionintheconstructionworld.Partoftheproblemisbamboo'sassociationwithcheap,low-qualityhousing:a“poorman'shouse”．Oneorganizationisfightingtochangethisidea.Foundedin2015inBali,ResearchbyINBARshowsthatinrecentyears,concernsabouttheunsustainability(不可持續(xù)性)ofbuildingmaterials,includingagrowingshortageofkeymaterialssuchassand,haveinspiredafreshlookat“natural”construction.Anditalsoshowsbamboocanprovidealow-carbon,renewablealternativetowood,steelandcement：theplantstoresmorecarbonthancertainspeciesoftree,andcanbeusedtocreateeverythinglikepipes.Since2015,BambooUhasweledmorethan400peoplethroughitsdoors.ItsstudentshavegoneontoteachbambooconstructionworkshopsinEcuadorandthePhilippines,createarchitectureinstallations(裝置，設施)inBelgiumandtheUSA,buildbambookitchens,andsetupnewbambooplantations(種植園)aroundtheworld.However,noteveryonecanbuildhishousewithbamboo.Hardysays,“BambooUismoreaboutanunderstandingoftheplaceyou'rein.Wewanttoremindpeoplethatnaturecanandshouldbeinthebuiltenvironment.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。由于人們認知上的偏見，竹子作為一種可再生的建筑材料沒有得到重視。印度尼西亞巴厘島上的培訓課程為人們提供了旨在推廣竹子作為綠色建筑材料的課程。5．Whatmadebambooaforgottensolutionintheconstructionworld?A．Thepoorqualitiesofbamboo.B．Thegreatshortageofbamboonowadays.C．Theprejudicepe