中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)課件：專項(xiàng)整合復(fù)習(xí)十一+主從復(fù)合句篇

主從復(fù)合句由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的句子組合而成,句子間由連接詞連接。這些句子中有一個(gè)主句,和一個(gè)或多個(gè)從句。從句在句中充當(dāng)不同的成分,而被稱為不同的從句,如賓語從句、狀語從句、關(guān)系從句(定語從句)?！鲝膹?fù)合句考點(diǎn)偏好一:賓語從句賓語從句:在句中作賓語,常位于句末,由連接詞引導(dǎo)。(一)連接詞1.連接詞that(在口語和非正式文體中常省去)引導(dǎo)表示陳述句的賓語從句。

如:Shesaid(that)shemissedusverymuch.2.特殊疑問句由其本身的特殊疑問詞連接。即:連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which;連接副詞when,where,why,how,howmany,howlong。

如:Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.3.一般疑問句由if/whether連接。如:Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcome.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexamornot.注意:if和whether在賓語從句中的區(qū)別(1)if和whether作“是否”解時(shí),引導(dǎo)的賓語從句常放在動(dòng)詞know,ask,care,wonder,find等之后,但在介詞后不用if,而是用whether。如:I’mworryingaboutwhetherIcanpasstheexam.(2)whether可以和ornot連用,但if不可以。如:Doyouknowwhetheritwillrainornot?(3)在不定式前只能用whether。如:Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.(二)時(shí)態(tài)和語序1.時(shí)態(tài)(1)主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句可用各種時(shí)態(tài)。如:Canyoutelluswhohasgone?(2)主句用過去時(shí),從句用過去的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。如:HeaskedifIhadfinishedmywork.(3)主句用過去時(shí),而從句陳述的是真理時(shí),只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如:Everyoneknewthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.2.語序賓語從句用陳述句語序,即先主語后謂語,從句中不含有助動(dòng)詞do/does/did。(三)否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think,believe等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí),從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來,其反意疑問句的助動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞一般與賓語從句一致。如:(1)Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.(正)Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.(誤)(2)Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?(四)特殊用法1.結(jié)構(gòu)。主語+think/make/findthat從句=主語+think/make/find+賓語+賓補(bǔ)2.賓語從句和“疑問詞+不定式”的轉(zhuǎn)換。由特殊疑問詞who,what,where,why等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為:疑問詞+不定式(todo)例題()1.[2024廣州]Theyweresosurprisedat

theysaw.

A.what B.that C.how

D.which()2.[2023廣東廣州]Hedecided

hewouldgetstronger.

A.what B.why C.when

D.that()3.[2022廣東廣州]HewantedtomakesureIknew

todosothatBobwouldn’tgethurt.

A.where B.what C.how

D.whyADB中考點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)()1.[2024河北]Toknow

themountaintoplookslike,youneedtoreachit.

A.what B.when

C.where

D.which()2.[2024江蘇揚(yáng)州]Teenagersdon’talwaysunderstand

theirparentshavesomanyrules.

A.why B.which

C.where

D.whatAA()3.[2024湖北武漢]Thesaying“Knowledgestartswithpractice”tellsus

.

A.whatisknowledge B.howwecangetknowledgeC.whyispracticepowerful D.whenweshouldstartpracticingB▲主從復(fù)合句考點(diǎn)偏好二:狀語從句狀語從句:在句中作狀語,可位于句首、句中和句末,由從屬連詞引導(dǎo),可分為時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、目的、結(jié)果等。(一)表時(shí)間:時(shí)間狀語從句從屬連詞意義例子when“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”,引導(dǎo)的從句一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)Whenshecamein,Iwaseating.while“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”,引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.before“在……之前”Itwillbefourdaysbeforetheycomeback.after“在……之后”Afterwehadfinishedthework,wewenthome.until“直到……為止”,常用于not…until句型Ididn’trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.as“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”,as引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作Wealwayssingaswewalk.assoonas“一……就……”IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.(二)表?xiàng)l件:條件狀語從句從屬連詞意義例子if“如果”Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.unless“除非;如果不”Let’sgooutforawalkunlessyouaretootired.so/aslongas“只要”Youmayborrowmybookaslongasyoukeepitclean.(三)表原因:原因狀語從句從屬連詞意義例子because“因?yàn)椤?表示直接原因,語氣最強(qiáng),后面接句子。Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehehadaheadache.Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecauseofaheadache.注意:because后接句子,becauseof后接名詞as“由于”,語氣較弱,引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句多放在句首Asitisraining,weshallnotgotothezoo.since“既然”,語氣較弱,引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句多放在句首。Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.(四)表讓步:讓步狀語從句從屬連詞意義例子although/though“雖然;盡管”AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.eventhough/evenif“即使”Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhough/iftheweatherisrough.(五)表目的:目的狀語從句從屬連詞意義例子sothat/inorderthat“為了;以便”Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.(六)表結(jié)果:結(jié)果狀語從句so…that…“如此……以至于”,so與形容詞或副詞連用;such與可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.such…that…It’ssuchagoodchancethatweshouldnotmissit.例題()1.[2024廣州]Theywalkedalongthebeach

theycametoasmallhousewithasignsayingPenguinCareCentre.

A.if B.when

C.unless

D.until()2.[2023安徽]Ourcountrywillbemuchbetterforeveryoneinfuture

wealldosomethingtohelpnow.

A.if B.before

C.sothat D.eventhoughDA中考點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)()1.[2024四川遂寧]Everythingispossible

youworkhard.

A.asmuchas B.assoonas C.aslongas D.asfaras()2.[2024福建]Youcanfeelbetter

youtakeawalkintheparkjustfor20minutes.

A.if B.before

C.untilCA()3.[2024河北]Jeffstillworkshard

hehasachievedgreatsuccess.

A.if B.before

C.though

D.becauseC▲主從復(fù)合句考點(diǎn)偏好三:關(guān)系從句(定語從句)關(guān)系從句(定語從句):在句中作定語,可位于句末,用來修飾名詞、名詞性詞組或代詞的句子。被定語從句修飾的名詞、名詞性詞組或代詞為先行詞,在先行詞和定語從句之間起連接作用的詞為關(guān)系詞。(一)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞先行詞從句成分例子備注who人主語或賓語①TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.②TheoldmanwhohehelpedyesterdayisMrGreen.whom,which和that在從句中作賓語時(shí)?？墒÷?但介詞提前時(shí),后面關(guān)系代詞不能省略,也不可以用thatwhom人賓語①M(fèi)rLiuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.②LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.that人或物主語或賓語①Sheisthegirl(that)Imetjustnow.②Thisisthemedicinethat/whichisusedforheadache.which物主語或賓語①Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.②Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.whose人或物定語①Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.②Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhadfallendown.(二)that與whom,which、who的用法關(guān)系代詞從句成分例子只用that的情況①在therebe句型中Istherethebookthatyouborrowedfromthelibrary?②先行詞為不定代詞anything,nothing,everything,theone,all,much等時(shí)Finally,thethiefhandedineverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.③先行詞有theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修飾時(shí)ItisthelastbusthatleavesforChangsha.④先行詞有序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)ChinaisthesecondcountrythatIwanttovisit.⑤先行詞既有人,又有物時(shí)Themanandthedogthatarewalkingintheparkcomefromanothercity.關(guān)系代詞從句成分例子只用which/who/whom的情況①在非限制性定語從句中,只能用which指物,who/whom指人Thetree,whichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.②在由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中,只能用which指物,whom指人Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.(三)關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞從句成分例子when指時(shí)間,在從句中作時(shí)間狀語IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.where指地點(diǎn),在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語GuangzhouisthecitywhereIwasborn.why指原因,在從句中作原因狀語Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.例題()1.[2024四川瀘州]Atruefriendisaperson

willalwaysbetheretoshareyourlaughterandtears.

A.what B.which

C.who

D.whom()2.[2023四川成都]Heshowedmethephotos

hetookathisgraduationceremony.

A.that B.who

C.whatCA中考點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)()1.[2024四川遂寧]—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulikebest?—Ilikethemovies

makemefeelhappyandrelaxed.

A.what B.which C.who

D./()2.[2022湖北十堰]Studentslovetheteachers

areoutgoingandhumorous.

A.who B.whom C.which

D.whoseBA()3.[2022湖北恩施州]Chinaisthefirstnation

sentChang’eIVtothefarsideofthemoon.

A.which B.that

C.whoB模擬演練一選擇填空。()1.[2024四川成都]—Doyouknow

AIisbeingusedtocreatemusic?

—I’mnotsure.Maybeit’scheaperthanpayingamusician.A.why B.if

C.howA()2.[2024安徽]—Thereisstillalongwaytogo

wefinishthetask.

—Don’tworry.Let’sgoonwithittogether.A.aslongas B.assoonas C.before

D.because()3.[2024甘肅臨夏州]Tomdidn’tgotobed

hismothercamebacklastnight.

A.until B.if

C.because

D.unlessCA()4.[2024四川樂山]—I’llneverforgettheexperiences

wehadinthevolunteerworklastsummer.

—Metoo.The3daysweremeaningfulandfulloffun.A.when B.who

C.that()5.[2024江蘇揚(yáng)州]

youaretootiredtodoallthethingsonyourTo?Dolist,tryaTo?Don’tlist.

A.If B.Until

C.Although

D.UnlessCA()6.[2024福建]—Doyouknow

?

—YeGuangfu,LiCongandLiGuangsu,allborninthe1980s.A.howtheShenzhouXVIIIenteredspaceB.whentheShenzhouXVIIIenteredspaceC.whoenteredspaceintheShenzhouXVⅢC()7.[2024廣西]—Couldyoupleasetellme

?

—Inmyhometown.A.howyouusuallygotoschoolB.whereyouusuallyspendyourholidayC.whenyouusuallyhavebreakfastatschoolB()8.[2024黑龍江齊齊哈爾]—Iwonder

?

—I’mnotsure.Let’saskMissLiforhelp.A.whichsubjectshouldwechooseB.whatwecandowiththerestmaterialsC.thatBobwenttothelibraryjustnowB()9.[2024黑龍江綏化]—Therewillbearobotonshowinourschoolnextweek.—Really?Iwonder

.

A.whatitlikes B.whatitislike C.whatisitlikeB()10.[2024天津]—Couldyoutellme

?

—HelikestheScienceMuseumbest.A.whenKevinvisitedthemuseum B.whichmuseumKevinlikesbestC.whendidKevinvisitthemuseum D.whichmuseumdoesKevinlikebestB二語篇填詞。[2023廣東廣州越秀一模]Oneday,astork(鸛)sawabeautifulring.Itbelongedtoarabbit.Therabbitwentinsidehishole,leavingtheringoutside.Thestorkdecidedtotryiton1.w

asking.However,whenshetriedtotaketheringoff,she2.f

.Sincenobodysawher,thestorkflewaway,thinkingshewouldfindawaytoreturnthering.

ithoutailedTherabbitwasveryangrytofindthattheringhadbeenstolen.Soon,everyoneintheforeststartedlookingforthethief.Thestorkwassoafraidthatshehidtheringwithbandage(繃帶)onherclawsandpretendedthatshehadanaccident.Therabbit3.w

aboutthestorkandsuggestedtakinghertothehospital.ThestorkknewthatiftheydidanX?ray,theywouldfindthering.Soshewentbackhomeandtookoffthebandagesandcoveredherclawsinleadplates(鉛板)sothattheringwouldn’tshowupontheX?ray.

orriedFeeling4.r

,thestorkflewofftomeetupwiththerabbit.Butbecauseoftheadded5.w

shewasunabletofly.Shefelllikeaheavystone—andlandedonthepoorrabbit.Soon,theotheranimalsfoundthebandages,theleadandthering.Inonesinglemorning,thestorklostallherfriends.

elaxedeight三完成句子。1.導(dǎo)游告訴我明天早上什么時(shí)候集合。Theguidetoldme

tomorrowmorning.

2.那天,直到所有人都上了車,它才開動(dòng)。Thebus

everyone

onthatday.

3.一開始,TomSawyer在想他怎樣才能吸引孩子們的注意。TomSawyerwaswondering

thekids’attentionatfirst.

when

to

meetdidn’t

start

untilgot

how

to

get4.我們問校長是否可以舉辦一場垃圾分類的活動(dòng)。Weaskedtheheadmaster_______________________________________

anactivityaboutrubbishsorting.

5.機(jī)器人教我們怎樣操縱智能家電,如掃地機(jī)、洗衣機(jī)等。Therobottaughtus

theintelligenthouseholdappliances,suchassweepers,washingmachinesandsoon.

if/whether

we

could

hold

how

to

control

四語法選擇。SieneisafirefighterintheUSA.Itisn’teasy

1

afirefighterthere.Manypeopletry,

2

alotofthemfail.Also,inthepastfirefightingwasalways

3

jobformen.Nowtherearewomenfirefighters.

4

Sienewasfiveyearsold,itwasherdreamtobecomeafirefighter.Fortyyearslater,shewas

5

womantopassasix?weekcourseattheWFPA(女子消防預(yù)備學(xué)院).TheWFPAtrainswomenintheskills

6

theyneedtobefirefighters.Infact,Sienenowtrainsfirefightersthere

7

.

Startingthecoursedoesn’tmean

8

you’llbecomeafirefighter.Thecourseisverydifficult,sonoteveryonefinishesthetraining.They

9

likebeinginthearmy—Canyouholdaheavypieceofwood

10

fourminutes?Howmanyexercisescanyoudo?Canyoulifta12?metreladder(梯子)?

Youalsoneed

11

skills.Canyou