2019高考英語一輪選練習(xí)題Unit2Workingtheland（含解析）新人教版必修4

必修4Unit2Workingtheland李仕才一、閱讀理解ATheUnitedArabEmirates(UAE)governmentannouncedithadelected60“ChiefHappinessOfficers”tostudyhappinessandhowtospreaditabroad.Currentlyranked28thoutofover150countriessurveyedintheUnitedNations'2016WorldHappinessReport,theUAEwantstositwithinthetopfiveby2021.“Weseektocreateasocietywhereourpeople'shappinessisprimary，”declaredtheUAE'sVicePresidentandPrimeMinister.Sincethenewministertookoffice,peopleworkinginthecivilservicehaveattendedaseriesofhappinessseminarstolearnmoreabouttheplan.DubaiPolicehasrenameditsmunityservicedepartmentthe“GeneralDepartmentformunityHappiness”andtheforceoftenadds#YourSecurityOurHappinesstotheirtweets(用推特發(fā)送的信息).Meanwhile,variousgovernmentagencieshavechangedthelanguageoftheircustomersurveystofindoutifpeopleare“happyratherthanjustsatisfied”withtheservices,andsomehaveinvestigatedsocialmediafollowerstoseeiftheirInstagramandFacebookpostsbringhappiness.MeikWiking,anindependentthinktankinDenmark,thecountrywhichtopstheUN'shappytable,thinksgovernmentscanandshouldplayaroleinpublichappiness.“Theaimofpublicpolicyshouldbetoimprovethequalityoflifeforpeople，”hesays.SoniaEdwards,whohaslivedintheUAEforoveradecade,says：“Ithinkit'sabitofapublicrelationsgimmicktobehonest.IthinkthegovernmentwantstobeseentobemakingthingsbetterthroughthisplanbutIdon'tknowhowmucheffectitwillreallyhave.”EdwardsinDubaiadds：“Therearealotofissuesherearoundjobinsecurity,workplacediscrimination,highrentsandexpensiveschoolfees,soifthoseweredealtwith,we'dallbehappier,butoverall,happinessisnotjustuptothegovernment,it'salsouptoindividualsandtheirownmindsets.”【文章大意】阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國采取措施，致力于提升人們的幸福感，人們對此有不同的看法。8.WhatdoestheUAEgovernmentintendtodo?A．Createaperfectsociety.B．Buildahappiercountry.C．Promoteinternationaltrades.D．Showitsstatusintheworld.答案與解析：B'考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Currentlyranked28th...theUAEwantstositwithinthetopfiveby2021.‘Weseektocreateasocietywhereourpeople'shappinessisprimary’”可知，阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國在2016年聯(lián)合國發(fā)布的世界幸福報告中排在第28位，它想在2021年之前進入前五名，因此該國政府在采取措施，致力于提升人們的幸福感，即打造一個更幸福的國度。1.WhatisoneofthemeasurestheUAEtakes?A．Holdhappinessseminarsforcivilservants.B．Givegovernmentagenciesnewnames.C．Lookthroughpeople'sonlineposts.D．Changethedailylanguage.答案與解析：A'考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Sincethenewministertookoffice,peopleworkinginthecivilservicehaveattendedaseriesofhappinessseminarstolearnmoreabouttheplan.”可知，新總理上臺之后，公務(wù)員參加了一系列有關(guān)幸福的研討會以更多地了解這項計劃，故選A。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gimmick”inParagraph4mean?A．Improvement.B．Principle.C．Transformation.D．Trick.答案與解析：D'考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“it'sabitofapublicrelations...”和其后的“IthinkthegovernmentwantstobeseentobemakingthingsbetterthroughthisplanbutIdon'tknowhowmucheffectitwillreallyhave.”可知，SoniaEdwards認為政府此舉意在通過這個計劃讓人們看到他們正在使事情變得更好，但她不知道這個計劃究竟會有多大效果，故可以推斷她認為此舉是公共關(guān)系的花招，是在作秀。3.WhatmightMeikWikingandEdwardsbothagreewith?A．Thegovernmentmissesthepoint.B．Happinessissomewhatsubjective.C．Policymakerscountastopeople'swell-being.D．Theeffectsofthehappinessplanareuncertain.答案與解析：C'考查推理判斷。由第三段中的“governmentscanandshouldplayaroleinpublichappiness‘Theaimofpublicpolicyshouldbetoimprovethequalityoflifeforpeople’”和最后一段中的Edwards所說的話尤其是“ifthoseweredealtwith,we'dallbehappier,butoverall,happinessisnotjustuptothegovernment”可知，他們可能都贊同的是，政策制定者在人們的幸福方面起著重要作用。BRecentmonthshaveseenarevivalofthehumble(普通的)bikeacrossChina,withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingpedaling(騎車)insteadofdrivingtoschool,toworkplacesortodosightseeing.Theintroductionofbikesharingsystems,servicesinwhichbicyclesaremadeavailableforsharedusetoindividualswhodonotownthemandpioneeredbystartupslikeOfoandMobike,hasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.WashingtonD.C.hasoneofthebiggestbikesharingsystemsintheUSwith3,700bikesand440stations.TheUK,FranceandGermanyallhavegrowingprograms.However,China,sofar,outdoes(超過)themallbyoperatingthreeoutoffouroftheworld’sshardbikes.Peoplecanunlocktheshardbikesbysimplyusingtheirsmartphone.ThebikesareequippedwithGPSandusersofChina’sversionscanleavebikesanywhereinpublicforthenextuser.They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“l(fā)astmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.However,theChineseprogramshavealsoledtoproblemssuchasillegalparking,vandalism(故意破壞)andtheft.Infact,theseproblemsarealsosharedbybikesharingprogramsabroad.Launchedin2007,VéilbisalargescalepublicbikesharingsysteminParis.Atitsearlystageofoperation,italsosufferedfromproblemsofvandalismortheft.ByOct2009,alargenumberofVélib’sinitialbikeshadtobereplacedduetovandalismortheft,accordingtoTheNewYorkTimes.Todealwiththeseproblems,thepanycameupwiththeideaofencouragingpeopletoreturnthebikestostationsbyrewardingfreetimefortheirnextrides.Now,Chineseserviceoperatorsarealsotryingtoaddresstheseproblems.Forexample,Mobikesetsa100pointcreditscoreforeachuser,withpointstakeninthecaseofbadbehavior.Onceascoredropsbelow80,bikerentalisincreasedto100yuanper30minutes,upfrom0.51yuan.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutbikesharingsystems?A.Theyofferfreebikerides.B.Theyarerunningperfectly.C.Chinaoperatesthebiggestsystem.D.Francewasthefirsttolaunchthesystem.2.Asameansoftransportation,bikesharingcanbebestdescribedas_______.A.promisingbutexpensive. B.convenientandecofriendly.C.ecofriendlybutineffective. D.troublesomeandmeaningless.3.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SharedBikesPedalintoStyle.B.ProblemswithBikesinChina.C.SharedBikesAttractYoungPeople.D.TransportationChangeswiththeTimes.【文章大意】本文為說明文。講述的是共享單車成為一種新的趨勢，并介紹了它的優(yōu)缺點。2.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知共享單車方便而且環(huán)保，故選B。3.A【解析】主旨大意題?？v觀全文可知本文講的是共享單車成為一種新的趨勢，與A項一致，故選A。二、七選五Inourfastworldofphones，faxmachinesandputers，theold-fashionedartofletterwritingisatriskofdisappearingaltogether.1Thereistheexcitementofitsarrival，thepleasureofseeingwhoitisfromand，finally，theenjoymentofthecontents.LetterwritinghasbeenpartofmylifeforaslongasIcanremember.ItprobablybeganwiththelittlenotesIwouldwritetomymother.Mymother，also，alwaysinsistedIwritemyownthank-youlettersforChristmasandbirthdaypresents.2WhenIlefthomeat18totrainasadoctorinLondon，Iwouldwriteonceaweek，andsowouldmymother.Occasionallymyfatherwouldwriteanditwasalwaysajoytoreceivehislong，amusingletters.3Ofcourse，wealsomadephonecallsbutitisthelettersthatIremembermost.Therewerealsolettersfrommyboyfriends.InmyyouthIseemedtoattractpeoplewhohadtoworkorstudyawayatsometimeandwewereonlyabletostayintouchbyletter.4IfoundthatIcouldoftenexpressmyselfmoreeasilyinwritingthanbytalking.IlovethelettersthatewithbirthdayorChristmascards.Notesareappreciated，buthowmuchbettertohaveayear'ssupplyofnews！Andit'sbetterstillwhenit'sanairmailenvelopewithbeautifulstamps.5Likemymotherbeforeme，Iinsisttheywritetheirownthank-youletters.Mydaughterwritestomelittleletters，justasIdidtomymother.Istronglyurgereadersnottoallowletterwritingtobeeanother“l(fā)ostart”．A．Poorhandwritingcanspoil(破壞)yourenjoymentofaletter.B．Wehadbeencorresponding(通信)for29yearsbuthadnevermet.C．Iampleasedthatmychildrenarecarryingonthetradition.D．Itdidn'tmatterhowshortoruntidytheywereaslongastheywereletters.E．Butinsteadofharmingtherelationships，letterwritingseemedtoimprovethem.F．Yet，tome，receivingalettercannotbematchedbyanyotherformofmunication.G．Thelettersfromhomecontainedjusteverydayeventsconcerningmyparentsandtheirfriends.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了作者對書信這種溝通方式的青睞和對書信藝術(shù)逐漸消失的擔(dān)憂。1．F[根據(jù)下句“Thereistheexcitementofitsarrival，thepleasureofseeingwhoitisfromand，finally，theenjoymentofthecontents.”可推知，收到信對作者來講是一件無比愉悅的事情，所以選F項。]2．D[根據(jù)本段第一句“LetterwritinghasbeenpartofmylifeforaslongasIcanremember.”可知，書信是作者生活中不可或缺的一部分，對她來說，只要是信就好，無論多短或多不整潔，所以選D項。]3．G[根據(jù)上文可知，作者和父母通信，由此可推知，這些信都是關(guān)于父母的一些生活瑣事以及他們的朋友的狀況的，所以選G項。]4．E[根據(jù)下句“IfoundthatIcouldoftenexpressmyselfmoreeasilyinwritingthanbytalking.”可推知，此處應(yīng)描述書信溝通的優(yōu)勢，與上文的“InmyyouthIseemedtoattractpeoplewhohadtoworkorstudyawayatsometimeandwewereonlyabletostayintouchbyletter.”呼應(yīng)，所以選E項。]5．C[根據(jù)下文的“Mydaughterwritestomelittleletters，justasIdidtomymother.”可知，作者自己的孩子也像作者一樣繼承了寫信的傳統(tǒng)，所以選C項。]三、短文改錯ItwasonawarmautumndaythatmyfatherandIwalkintomynewhighschool.Afterregisteredintheclassroom，thevolunteertookmetomydormitory.AltogetherIhadfiveroommates，twoofwhicharrivedlater.Igottoknowmynewroommateimmediately.AlthoughIwasquiteunwillingtosay“Goodbye”tomyfather，buthehadtoleavetohome.IsuddenlyrealizedIhadgrownupandthatIhadtolookaftermeandliveindependently.NotuntilthenIknowmyseniorhighschoollifehadrealbegun.【答案】ItwasonawarmautumndaythatmyfatherandIeq\f(walk,walked)intomynewhighschool.Aftereq\f(registered,registering)intheclassroom，eq\f(the,a)volunteertookmetomydormitory.AltogetherIhadfiveroommates，twoofeq\f(which,whom)arrivedlater.Igottoknowmyneweq\f(roommate,roommates)immediately.AlthoughIwasquiteunwillingtosay“Goodbye”tomyfather，eq\f(but,yet)/eq\o(﹨,but)hehadtoleaveeq\f(to,for)home.IsuddenlyrealizedIhadgrownupandthatIhadtolookaftereq\f(me,myself)andliveindependently.Notuntiltheneq\o(\s\up8(∧),did)Iknowmyseniorhighschoollifehadeq\f(real,really)begun.第一處：walk→walked?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)“Itwasonawarmautumnday”可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時。第二處：registered→registering?？疾閯用~。after是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語，故用動名詞形式。第三處：the→a?？疾楣谠~。volunteer是可數(shù)名詞，且第一次在文中出現(xiàn)，故用不定冠詞修飾。第四處：which→whom。考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)用whom引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，在從句中作介詞of的賓語，修飾先行詞fiveroommates。第五處：roommate→roommates?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。由上文的“Ihadfiveroommates”可知，室友不止一個，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。第六處：刪除but或?qū)ut改為yet?？疾檫B詞。在英語中，although和but不能同時出現(xiàn)在一個句子中，故刪除but。也可將but改為yet。補充：此處也可將Although刪掉，但是語意上沒有修改but好。第七處：leave后的to改為for?？疾榻樵~。leavefor意為“前往”，為固定詞組，符合語境。第八處：me→myself?？疾榇~。與句子主語I呼應(yīng)，應(yīng)用反身代詞，意為“照顧好自己”。第九處：then后加did?？疾榈寡b句。notuntil置于句首時，常采用部分倒裝，即把助動詞放在主語之前。由時間狀語then和下文的時態(tài)可知，此處用一般過去時，故用did。第十處：real→really?？疾楦痹~。修飾動詞應(yīng)用副詞，故將real改為really。四、短文語法填空Noonelovesmemorethanmyparents,especiallymyfather.Myfatherisstoutandstrong,1aseverelookonhisfaceandkeenexpressiveeyes.Atfirstsightyoumayfeelhimhard2(approach).Infactheisverykindandconsiderate.Ibelievemyfatherisa3(talent)man.Heisdecisiveandefficientindoingthings.Byhisowntalentsandyearsofefforts,he4(provide)hisfamilywithagoodsocialpositionanda5(relative)richlife.Besides,heli