2024-2025學(xué)年譯林版八年級(jí)英語上學(xué)期期末復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1~Unit 4 教材知識(shí)梳理【考點(diǎn)串講】

Unit1~Unit4考點(diǎn)串講譯林版丨八年級(jí)上冊(cè)目

錄CONTENTS詞匯變形PartOne短語過關(guān)PartTwo用法梳理PartThree語法精講PartFour詞匯變形011詞匯變形honest→dishonestcare(v.)→careful/careless(sdj.)→carefully/carelessly(adv.)→carelessness(n.)humorous(adj.)→humour(n.)polite(adj.)→impolite→politely(adv.)tidy(adj.)-tidier-tidiest→untidytrue(adj.)→truly(adv.)→truth(n.)bore(v.)→bored(adj.)→boring(adj.)smile(v.)→smiling(adj.)choose(v.)-chose-chosen→choice(n.)1詞匯變形bad/badly-worse-worsthigh(adj.)→height(n.)weigh(v.)-weighed→weight(n.)patient(adj.)→impatient→patiently(adv.)competition(n.)→compete(v.)ad(n.)→advertisementBritish(adj.)→Britain(n.)American(adj.)→America(n.)French(n.)→Frenchman-Frenchmen→France1詞匯變形foreign(adj.)→foreigner(n.)discuss(v.)→discussion(n.)end(v.)→endless(adj.)little-less-leastfar-farther/further-farthest/furthestday(n.)→daily(adj.)week(n.)→weekly(adj.)Australia(n.)→Australian(adj./n.)shine-shone-shone1詞匯變形bore(v.)→boring/bored(adj.)finally(adv.)→final(adj./n.)main(adj.)→mainly(adv.)cheer(v.)→cheerful(adj.)help(v.)→helpless/helpful(adj.)use(v.)→uselss/useful(adj.)hope(v.)→hopeful/hopeless(adj.)meaning(n.)→meaningful/meaningless(adj.)colour(n.)→colourful(adj.)1詞匯變形instruction(n.)→instruct(v.)exact(adj.)→exactly(adv.)advise(v.)→advice(n.)correct(adj.)→incorrect→correctly(adv.)finish→finished(adj.)possible(adj.)→impossible→possibly(adv.)certain(adj.)→uncertain→certainly(adv.)paint(v./n.)→painting(n.)active→inactive短語過關(guān)022短語過關(guān)keepasecretforsb為某人保守秘密

keepthesecrettooneself把秘密藏在自己心里careabout關(guān)心haveagoodsenseofhumour/direction很有幽默感/方向感makeanexcellentteacher成為一名優(yōu)秀的老師tell(sb)alie/lies/ajoke/jokes=tellalie/lies/ajoke/jokes(tosb)說謊/講笑話knockthebooksontotheground把書本撞到地上choosetodosth選擇做某事choosetobeasocialworker選擇成為社會(huì)工作者plantodosth計(jì)劃做某事makeaplanfor為...所做的計(jì)劃2短語過關(guān)whataboutsomemilk?想要一些牛奶嗎？whataboutsth/doingsth想要做某事sharesthwithsb和某人分享某物haveproblemwithsth/haveproblemdoingsth(做)某事有問題whathesays/said→hiswords他所說的Whatmakesgoodfriends?什么樣的人適合做好朋友?oneofthe/one’s+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞最...的...之一giveherseatonthebustosomeoneinneed把她的座位讓給有需要的人haveagoodvoice有副好嗓音sayabadword/badwordsaboutsb說某人壞話2短語過關(guān)both...and...既...又...，...和...have/wearasmileonherface面帶微笑helpsbwithsth幫助某人某事bepatient/impatientwithsb對(duì)某人有/沒有耐心atleast至少atmost至多l(xiāng)ookthrough瀏覽keep(on)doingsth繼續(xù)做某事，重復(fù)做某事finish/completedoingsth完成做某事atlunchtime在午餐時(shí)間farawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離（有具體距離不用far）2短語過關(guān)practisedoing練習(xí)做某事haveanimportantmatch(with/against...)有一場和...的重要比賽borrowsthfrom...向某人借lendsthtosb=lendsbsth把某物借給某人neartheendof...臨近...末尾attheendof...在...末尾intheend=finally=atlast最后discusssthwithsb=talksthwithsb和某人討論某事似乎：seemtodo；seem+adj；Itseemsthat+從句listencarefullytomyproblems認(rèn)真傾聽我的問題endearlierthanusual結(jié)束的比平時(shí)早have...off休假...2短語過關(guān)wearschooluniforms穿校服haveanhourformyhobbies愛好上花一小時(shí)haveanhourofhomework做一個(gè)小時(shí)的作業(yè)choosesubjectstostudy選擇要學(xué)習(xí)的科目goonaschooltrip去學(xué)校旅行comeon加油；得了吧；趕快enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime=havefun(+doing)(做某事)玩的開心takecare保重，當(dāng)心takecareof=lookafter照顧、照料can’t/couldn’twaittodo迫不及待做某事getoff...下車geton...上車(不適用“代詞放中間”)2短語過關(guān)placeofinterest名勝古跡notbelieveone’seyes不相信自己的眼鏡ontheInternet在網(wǎng)上byoneself=onone’sown=alone獨(dú)自cheersbup使某人振作cheerforsb為某人歡呼/加油ashighasarealone和真的那個(gè)一樣高takeaboattrip乘船旅行sthweighs...=theweightof...is...某物zhong...=某物的重量是...invitesbtodo/sp.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事/去某地alotoftraffic交通擁擠2短語過關(guān)themainsightsoftheworld世界主要景點(diǎn)thesonganddanceshows歌舞表演/秀learnalotaboutdifferentcultures了解許多關(guān)于不同文化的知識(shí)remembertodo記得去做某事rememberdoing記得做過某事forgettodo忘記做某事forgetdoing忘記了做過某事inthefinalofthebasketballcompetition在籃球賽的決賽中withone’ssupport/help=withthesupport/helpofsb在某人支持/幫助下a20-minuteperiod20分鐘的時(shí)間段planadayout計(jì)劃外出一天readtheinstructions閱讀說明(書)2短語過關(guān)hadbetter(not)dosth最好(不要)做某事apairofscissors一把剪刀standfor代表insteadofsth/doing代替/而不是...becrazyaboutsth/doing對(duì)...著迷putinabrighterlight安裝一盞更亮的燈putupapicture/theshelf張貼一幅畫/搭建一個(gè)書架makeamistake/mistakes犯錯(cuò)誤fill...with...用...裝滿...befilledwith滿是...painttheroomblue把房間刷成藍(lán)色colourtherosesred給玫瑰涂上紅色2短語過關(guān)add...to...把...加入...notonly...butalso...不僅...而且...one...theother...一個(gè)...另一個(gè)...ontheothersideofthecard在卡片另一面forexample例如（舉例是句子，且是一個(gè)）tidyup整理keepitsecret保密gowrong出錯(cuò)advisesbtodo建議某人做某事advisedoing建議做某事takeacourseinDIY上DIY課程attendlessons上課2短語過關(guān)alloverthefloor滿地allovertheworld全世界alloverthecity全城keepspellingthewordswrong一直拼寫錯(cuò)誤stopdoing停止做某事stoptodo停下來做了一件事becertainabout...確定forexample例如（舉例是句子，且是一個(gè)）tidyup整理keepitsecret保密gowrong出錯(cuò)advisesbtodo建議某人做某事advisedoing建議做某事takeacourseinDIY上DIY課程2短語過關(guān)alloverthefloor滿地allovertheworld全世界alloverthecity全城keepspellingthewordswrong一直拼寫錯(cuò)誤attendlessons上課stopdoing停止做某事stoptodo停下來做了一件事becertainabout...確定用法梳理033用法梳理ready樂意的、準(zhǔn)備好的bewillingtodosth=bereadytodosth樂意做某事be/getreadyfor..為...做好準(zhǔn)備getsthreadyfor...為...準(zhǔn)備好某物preparefor...為...做準(zhǔn)備preparesthfor...為...準(zhǔn)備好某物eg:Dannyisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Wegeteverythingreadyforourparty.Whoispreparingforthefinalexams?詢問重量：what’stheweightof...=Howheavyis...=Howmuchdoes...weigh?eg:What’stheweightofababyelephant?Howheavyisapanda?Howmuchtheseorangesweigh?3用法梳理somemorefood再一些食物，更多一些食物數(shù)量+more+名詞→another+數(shù)量+名詞eg:-Doyouwantsomemorebooks?-Yes,Iwantthreemorecartoonbooks.Dannyhaveonemoredayoff.Dannyhaveanotherdayoff.havesomethingtodrink一些喝的東西something定語后置eg:somethingtoeat一些吃的東西someoneelse其他某人nothingnew沒什么新的東西3用法梳理makehimlooksmart使得他看起來很聰明makesb(not)do使得某人(不)做某事eg:Themusicmakesusfeelrelaxedlook+adj看起來...look/taste/sound/feel/smell是感官動(dòng)詞，后加形容詞區(qū)別感官動(dòng)詞和其他含義eg:Dogscansmellwell.Thecakessmellgreat.3用法梳理past介詞，（從旁邊）經(jīng)過walkpastthedesk經(jīng)過課桌旁pass動(dòng)詞，經(jīng)過，過去式passedeg:-Whopassedtheclassroomjustnow?-It’sDanny.Heranspastquickly.

worry擔(dān)心sthworriessb某事是某人擔(dān)心beworriedaboutsb/sth=worryaboutsb/sth擔(dān)心某人/某物eg:-Whatworriesyoualot?-We’reworriedaboutthepatients.Dannyisworryingalotabouttheexamatthemoment.

3用法梳理四個(gè)“花費(fèi)”spendtime/moneyon/doingsth(spent)eg:Theyspendtheirfreetimepractisingbaseball.ittakessbsometimetodosth(took)doingsthtakessbsometimeeg:Ittookhimhalfanhourtowalkhome.sbpaysomemoneyforsth(paid)sbbuysthforsomemoney(bought)eg:Dannypaid100dallorsforthebooks.sthcostsbsomemoney(cost)eg:Thispairofshoescostshimlotsofmoney.3用法梳理What’s...like?...怎么樣?eg:What’syourschoollifelike?What’syournewmathsteacherlike?Whatdoes...looklike?...看起來像什么？Whatdoes...like?...喜歡什么？Howwouldyoulike...?你需要...怎么樣？Howdoyoulike...?你覺得...怎么樣?eg:Whatdothecloudslooklike?-Howwouldyoulikeyourcoffee?-Withmilk.動(dòng)名詞作主語，看作三單eg:Learningforeignlanguagesisfun.Gettingupearlymakesmehavealottimeforexercise.3用法梳理為某人提供某物offersbsth=offersthtosbprovidesbwithsth=providesthforsbeg:Thecompanyoffersalotofjobchancestotheyoung.Weshouldprovidethebirdswithmorehabitats.need需要行為動(dòng)詞:needtodo需要做某事，否定形式don’tneedtodosthneeddoing某事需要被做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:needn’tdo不需要做某事eg:-Whatdoweneedtodobeforethemeeting?-Nothing.Youneedn’tworryanything.3用法梳理exercise鍛煉-不可數(shù)；...操，練習(xí)-可數(shù)名詞；動(dòng)詞:鍛煉do/takeexercise鍛煉domorning/eyeexercises做早操、做眼保健操domathsexercises作數(shù)學(xué)練習(xí)eg:-Shouldweexerciseoften?-Wespendmuchtimedoingourexercise,soshoulddomoreexercise,suchasdoingmorningexerciseeverymorning.Thebridgeis90feetwide.→It’sa90-foot-widebridge.90feetwide作表語，90-foot-wide作定語，修飾名詞eg:Sheisonly8yearsold,butshecanlookafterher80-year-oldgrandma.3用法梳理達(dá)到：arrivein/atsp=reachsp.=gettospeg:-WhenwilltheyarriveinBeijing?-Theyhavereachedtheairportandwillgettoourhouseinanhour.當(dāng)sp是地點(diǎn)副詞home,here,there時(shí)，介詞都省略當(dāng)沒有出現(xiàn)地點(diǎn)時(shí)，只能用arriveeg:Whendidyouarrive?3用法梳理it作形式主語：itisadjforsbtodosth做某事對(duì)某人來說是...的，形容詞修飾todostheg:It’snecessaryforustokeepourclassroomtidy.itisadjofsbtodosth某人是...的，做了某事eg:Youaresokindtogiveahandtoothersinneed.語法精講044語法精講考點(diǎn)一：比較級(jí)常見句型：1比...更：比較級(jí)+than...eg:Ninastudiesharderthananygirlsinclass.2A和B，哪個(gè)/誰更...：which/who...,AorB?

eg:Whichislarger,themoonorthesun?3越來越...：①比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)

②moreandmore+原級(jí)eg:It’sgettingcolderandcolder.Nina’shandwritingismoreandmorebeautiful.4alittle/much/even+比較級(jí)eg:Becauseoftherain,wearealittleworriedaboutthecomingsportsmeeting.4語法精講5越...,就越...：the+比較級(jí)...,the+比較級(jí)...eg:Theharderyoustudy,thebettergradeyouwillhave.6兩者中更...的一個(gè)：the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwoeg:Ninaisthesmarteroneofthethetwins.注意：同等性質(zhì)進(jìn)行比較eg:Nina’spaintingworksarebetterthananyother’s.4語法精講考點(diǎn)二：最高級(jí)常見句型：（副詞最高級(jí)前the可以省略）1the+最高級(jí)+范圍eg:Ninaisthetallestgirlinourclass.2the+序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+名詞eg:Whichisthesecondlongestriverintheworld.3oneofthe+最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)eg:IsShanghaioneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina?4the+最高級(jí)+名詞+(that)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)從句eg:ThisisthemostboringmoiveIhaveeverseen.4語法精講考點(diǎn)三：數(shù)量的比較：1.more+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+thanthemost+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞eg:Ihavemorestorybooksthanothers.Ihavethemoststorybooksofall.2.less+不可數(shù)名詞+thanleast+不可數(shù)名詞eg:WehavelesstimethanClass1topracticetennis.3.fewer+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+thanfewest+復(fù)數(shù)eg:Amongalltheplayers,Igotthefewestscores.4語法精講考點(diǎn)四：原級(jí)比較：1as...as和...一樣...2notso/as...as不如...→比較級(jí)+thaneg:Ninadoesn’tplaytennisaswellasme.IplaytennisbetterthanNina.3.more+原級(jí),構(gòu)成比較級(jí)→less+原級(jí),構(gòu)成比較級(jí)eg:Thebookismoreinterestingthanthatone.Thatmovieislessinterestingthanthisone.4語法精講考點(diǎn)五：同范圍比較：（有other）比較級(jí)+thananyother+單數(shù)；比較級(jí)+thantheother+復(fù)數(shù)；比較級(jí)+thanalloftheother+復(fù)數(shù)eg:NagquCitycoversalargerareathanothercitiesinChina.NagquCitycovers