專題07 7BU7-牛津譯林版初中英語(yǔ)第二學(xué)期單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)囊括及易錯(cuò)題分析（江蘇專用）

專題077BU7-牛津譯林版初中英語(yǔ)第二學(xué)期單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)囊括及易錯(cuò)題分析單元話題AbilitiesReading重點(diǎn)詞匯、詞組和句型Grammar情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，could及may的用法；what和how各自引導(dǎo)的感嘆句知識(shí)點(diǎn)囊括知識(shí)點(diǎn)囊括一、重點(diǎn)詞組、句型1．Believeitornot!信不信由你!believeitornot!是口語(yǔ)中的常用句型。其完整形式是Whetheryoubelieveitornot．意為“無(wú)論／不管你相不相信’’或“信不信由你’’。2．Lookout，Eddie!埃迪，當(dāng)心!lookout相當(dāng)于takecare／becareful，用于提醒或引起別人的注意。如：Ifyoudon’tlookout，youmayfallontheice．如果不小心的話，你會(huì)在冰上摔倒的。3．Wecansendsometothem．我們可以送一些(衣服和鞋子)給他們。send是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“發(fā)送，寄；派遣，打發(fā)’’，可接雙賓語(yǔ)。如：ShesentmeaChristmascard．=ShesentaChristmascardtome．她給我寄來(lái)一張圣誕賀卡。Hesenthissontoreturnthebookstothelibrary．他打發(fā)他兒子把書(shū)還給圖書(shū)館。4．homefamiliesarenotevenabletopayforpensandnotebooks．一些孩子甚至不能支付書(shū)本費(fèi)。(1)beableto意為“能’’，與can意思相同，當(dāng)它們表示能力的時(shí)候，是同義的。但也有區(qū)別：①can只有兩種時(shí)態(tài)，即can和could，而beableto有多種時(shí)態(tài)。②表示過(guò)去通過(guò)努力終于做成了某事要用beableto，而不能用can。如：Allthepeoplewereabletoescapefrom,thefireintime．所有的人都能及時(shí)地從大火中逃生。③can可以表示猜測(cè)，beableto不可以。can的這種用法主要用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句。(2)payfor意為“支付"，pay．．．for．．．意為“花(錢(qián))買(mǎi)……"。如：Ican’tpayforthehouse．我支付不了這房子錢(qián)。Wepaidmuchmoneyforthefood．我們花了許多錢(qián)買(mǎi)了這些食物。5．Wecanraisesomemoneyforthemtobuythesethings．我們可以為他們募集一些錢(qián)去買(mǎi)這些東西。raise意為“募集；飼養(yǎng)；舉起’’。如：Heraisedhiseyesfromhiswork．他停下工作舉目觀望。It’sdifficulttoraiseafamilyonasmallincome．依靠微薄的收入是很難養(yǎng)家的。6．Hewasbraveenoughtosavehisneighbourfromafire．他非常英勇地把他的鄰居救出。(1)enough修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)要后置。(2)save意為“救，救助；節(jié)約；儲(chǔ)蓄’’，savesb．from意為“把某人從……救出’’。如：Thedoctorsavedhismother’slife．那位醫(yī)生救了他媽媽的命。Thetallmansavedherfromthefiretwodaysago．那位高個(gè)子男子兩天前把她從大火里救了出來(lái)。7．Herleftlegwasbadlyhurtandshecouldnotgetout．她的左腿傷得很重，她出不來(lái)了。hurt意為“疼’’，是不及物動(dòng)詞，作“傷害’’講時(shí)是及物動(dòng)詞。如：Hehurthimselfontheway、tothetheatre．他在去戲院的途中傷了自己。Myrightearhurtlastweek．上星期我的右耳受傷了。8．Hepouredwateroverhisclothestoprotecthimself．他把水傾倒在衣服上來(lái)保護(hù)自己。(1)動(dòng)詞不定式toprotecthimself作目的狀語(yǔ)。(2)pour是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“倒，傾倒’’。如：Don’tpourtherubbishintotheriver．不要把垃圾倒進(jìn)河里。9．Latersomefiremancameandputoutthefire．后來(lái)一些消防員趕來(lái)?yè)錅缌嘶?。putout意為“撲滅，熄滅；關(guān)掉’’。如：Sheputoutthefirewithablanket．她用毯子撲滅了火?！?0．Fireisverydangerous．Weshouldbecarefulwithit．大火是危險(xiǎn)的。我們應(yīng)該小心對(duì)待它。careful是形容詞，意為“小心的，仔細(xì)的’’，它的反義詞是careless(粗心的)。becareful意為“小心，當(dāng)心’’，相當(dāng)于takecare／lookout。becarefulwith意為“對(duì)……小心謹(jǐn)慎’’。如：Becarefulwithfire．當(dāng)心火。11．First，hefoundoutthathisneighbour’sbathroomwasonfire．首先，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他鄰居的浴室著火了。onfire意為“著火了"，表示狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于beburning。如：IfoundJim’shouseonfirewhenIgotthere．當(dāng)我到那兒時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)吉姆的房子著火了。12．Imakeacallonyourmobile．我用你的手機(jī)打個(gè)電話。mak6acall意為“打電話"，同義詞組有：ringsb．up，givesb．a(chǎn)call／ring，callsb．13．Shedoeswellin．．．．她在……方面做得好。dowellin--begoodat--do．．．verywell意為“在……方面做得好’’。如：Theydidwellinthesportsmeeting．他們?cè)谶\(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)中表現(xiàn)很好。14．Istartedtoplaytheviolinattheageofsix．我在六歲時(shí)開(kāi)始彈奏小提琴。attheageofsix意為“在六歲’’，相當(dāng)于when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。15．1wouldliketorecommendDanielforthisyear’sYoungStarAward．我想要推薦丹尼爾榮獲今年的“新星獎(jiǎng)’’。recommendsb．for．．．意為“推薦某人榮獲……"recommendsb．a(chǎn)s／tobe意為“推薦某人做(某個(gè)職位)’’。如：Weallrecommendhimtobe／asourmonitor．我們都推薦他做我們的班長(zhǎng)。16．HeisamemberofourProjectHopegroupandoftentakespartinactivities．他是我們希望工程小組的一員并經(jīng)常參加(小組的)活動(dòng)。(1)beamemberof—bein意為“成為……的一員，參加了……"。(2)takepartin意為“參加"，它的賓語(yǔ)多為某種活動(dòng)，可以與joinin互換使用；join后多接某個(gè)組織或團(tuán)體。如：Youcanjoinin／takepartinplantingtrees．你可以參加植樹(shù)。WhendidyoujointheLeague?你何時(shí)入團(tuán)的?17．Lastweek，afive-year-oldboylosthiswayandwascryinginthestreet．上個(gè)星期，一個(gè)五歲大的男孩迷了路，在大街上一直哭。(1)five-year—old意為“5歲大的’’，是復(fù)合形容詞。復(fù)合形容詞只能作前置定語(yǔ)，不能單獨(dú)做表語(yǔ)。如：a20-metre-highbuilding一幢20米高的樓房(2)loseone’sway—getlost意為“迷路"。如：HelosthiswayinShanghailastyear．去年他在上海迷了路。二、語(yǔ)法Grammar(一)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，could及may的用法1．用can與could來(lái)談?wù)撃芰?。can用于談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的能力，could談?wù)撨^(guò)去的能力。如：Icanfinishtheworktomorrow．我明天能完成這項(xiàng)工作。Shecouldswimattheageoffive．她五歲就能游泳了。2．用can，could，may請(qǐng)求允許。can主要用于好朋友之間；could語(yǔ)氣上比can委婉、禮貌，用于上司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、師生之間以及長(zhǎng)輩、陌生人等，可用may替換，但沒(méi)有may正式。如：一MayIaskyouaquestion，sir?我可以問(wèn)你一個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎?一Yes，youmay．是的，你可以。(二)感嘆句感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)Whataninterestingbookitis!What+n.+主謂Howcarefulsheis!/Howhardheworked!How+adj./adv.+主謂What型【句型一】What/+a/an+形容詞+名詞/+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！Whataninterestingstoryitis!(這是個(gè))多么有趣的故事?。　揪湫投縒hat/+形容詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!(它們是)多么漂亮的花啊！Whatfineweatheritis!多好的天氣啊！Whatfunitistohaveapicnic!去野餐多開(kāi)心啊！常考不可數(shù)名詞歸納：工作work時(shí)間time坐在家具furniture上聽(tīng)到了有趣fun的天氣weather信息information和消息news提出了建議adviceHow型

【句型】How/+形容詞/副詞/+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！Howclevertheboyis!這個(gè)男孩多么聰明?。owfastheruns!他跑得多么快?。∽鲱}步驟1.找所要求改寫(xiě)的句子的主謂，先找謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，再找主語(yǔ)；2.劃去主謂后剩形容詞或副詞則選how;剩含有形容詞的名詞短語(yǔ)或名詞，則選what;3.選用what時(shí)，切記要看名詞是可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)，可數(shù)時(shí)是元音音素開(kāi)頭還是輔音音素開(kāi)頭。三、詞組歸納1、believeitornot信不信由你13、playwithmatches玩火柴2、lookout留神，當(dāng)心14、becarefulwith小心3、planttrees植樹(shù)15、beonfire著火了4、cleanupthepark把公園打掃干凈16、inthenewspaper在報(bào)紙上5、giveaseattosomeoneonthebus在公交車上給某人讓座17、workhardonthesubject努力學(xué)習(xí)這門(mén)功課6、collectthingsforProjectHope為希望工程籌集物品18、pourwateroverhisclothes把水潑在他的衣服上7、visitanoldpeople’shome拜訪老年公寓19、bytheway順便問(wèn)一下；順便說(shuō)說(shuō)8、rushintothekitchen沖進(jìn)廚房20、asfastaslight像光一樣快9、do/tryone’sbest盡某人最大的努力21、dowellin…在……方面做得好10、raisesomemoneyforthem為他們募集資金attheageof…在……歲時(shí)11、putoutthefire撲滅火23、takepartin參加12、beinhospital生病住院24、lose(lost)one’sway迷路13.beforehisparentscame在他父母來(lái)之前25.gettheward獲得獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)易錯(cuò)題分析易錯(cuò)題分析語(yǔ)法部分：1.Thelittleboysavedhisclassmatesintheearthquake.______braveboyhewas!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Whatan2.YaoMingisanexcellentChinesebasketballplayer.(改為感嘆句)_____________excellentChinesebasketballplayerYaoMingis!3.__________unusualUFOtheysawjustnow!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan4.Itisveryfasttotravelbyunderground.(改為感嘆句)_____________itistotravelbyunderground!5._____________usefulpieceofadviceshegaveus！A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan【答案】BWhatanDHowfastC詞匯句型部分：一、單詞拼寫(xiě)1.Mysistersawalotof_______________(煙)fromnextdoorjustnow.2.—CanIhavethe_______________(座位),please?—Sorry.It’sforthatmotherwithalittleboy.3.Thepolicetrytheirbestto_______________(保護(hù))thepeoplearound.4.Suzyplaysbasketballwell.Shewillgetintotheschoolteamnext_______________(學(xué)期).5.Therearemany_______________(火柴)inthebox.Don’tplaywiththem.6.TheEnglishteacher_______________(點(diǎn)頭)whenTomansweredthequestionswell.7.Thefiremanrushedintothehouseand_______________(救)thatoldwoman.8.Weretheoldhouses_______________(嚴(yán)重地)damaged(損壞)intheearthquake？9.Howmanyphotosdidyoutakewiththenew_______________(相機(jī))?10.Sheis_______________(倒)hotwaterintothesecupsforthevisitors.【答案】1.smoke2.seat3.protect4.term5.matches6.nodded7.saved8.badly9.camera10.pouring二、動(dòng)詞填空1.Wow,thecaketastesbad.Who_______________(make)it?2.Howamazingitis_______________(see)somanybeautifulbutterflies!3.Look!Howhappyyourmother_______________(look)!4.—Thankyouforthedeliciousfoodlastnight.—I’mgladyou_______________(enjoy)it.5.Look!TherearesomeYoungPioneers_______________(clean)upthepark.6.Manyyearsagopeopledidn’tknowthatMoon_______________(go)aroundEarth.7.Ifsheisn’tfreetomorrow,she_______________(nottake)partintheparty.8.MymotherwasmakingbreakfastwhenI_______________(wake)upthismorning.9.Can’tyouseethemanwithtwoboys_______________(fly)kitesinthefield?10.—_______________Amy_______________(hear)theloudnoiseagainlastnight?—No.【答案】1.made2.tosee3.looks4.enjoyed5.cleaning6.goes7.won’ttake8.woke9.flying10.Did,hear三、完成句子1.消防員們(firemen)用了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間撲滅了那場(chǎng)火？_______________________________________________________thefire?2.他能給你演示如何彈鋼琴嗎？Canhe______________________________________________________thepiano?3.那一刻任何事情都有可能發(fā)生在我們身上。__________________________________________________atthatmoment.4.火很危險(xiǎn)，因此我們應(yīng)該讓小孩遠(yuǎn)離它。Fireisverydangerous,soweshould____________________________________.5.她的歌聽(tīng)起來(lái)多么優(yōu)美?。ow____________________________________________________________!6.昨晚我看見(jiàn)他從大火中救出了一個(gè)八歲的小女孩。多勇敢的年輕人?。sawhim_____________________________________lastnight.Whatabraveyoungman!7.李云迪七歲開(kāi)始學(xué)彈鋼琴。LiYundibegantolearn__________________________________________________seven.【答案】1.Howlongdidittakethefirementoputout/didthefiremenspendputtingout2.showyouhowtoplay3.Anythingmighthappentous4.keepthechildrenawayfromit5.beautifulhersongsounds6.saveaneight-year-oldgirlfromafire7.toplaythepianoattheageof/whenhewas四、單項(xiàng)填空()1.Don’tdrivesofast!Wemustslowdownwhenwedrive_______thetunnel(隧道).A.pastB.acrossC.overD.through()2._______importantinformationshegavemeyesterday!A.WhataB.HowC.WhatanD.What()3.—Doyouheartherewas_______fireinthehospitallastnight?—Yes._______firewasterrible.A.the;TheB./;AC.the;AD.a;The()4.LisaisalittlepooratChinese.Ithinksheneeds_______iteveryday.A.practisetospeakB.topractisespeakingC.practisespeakingD.topractisetospeak()5.—Can’tyousingthissonginEnglish?—_______.Letmesingitforyou.A.Yes,IcanB.No,Ican’tC.Yes,Ican’tD.No,Ican()6.Icouldnot_______outbecauseI_______myleg.A.get;hurtB.get;hurtedC.got;hurtD.got;hurted()7.Ioftenhearthelittlegirl_______inherroom.Listen,she_______.A.singing;issingingB.sing;singingC.sing;issingingD.issinging;issinging()8.ZhangHuaspends_______onEnglish.Nowheis_______atit.A.enoughtime;enoughgoodB.enoughoftime;enoughgoodC.enoughoftime;goodenoughD.enoughtime;goodenough()9.MrLiuwasgladthatthegirlsthere_______theviolin.A.canplayB.areabletoplayC.wereabletoplayD.couldbeabletoplay()10.—Excuseme,Sir.Butsmokingisnotallowed(允許)here.—Sorry,Ididn’tseethesign.I’ll_______mycigarette(香煙)atonce.A.putoutB.putawayC.putupD.putoff()11.Don’tleavetheTV_______.A.onB.offC.closeD.open()12.—_______themantherebeourEnglishteacher?—He_______be,butI’mnotsure.A.May;mustn’tB.Can;mayC.Can;can’tD.May;can’t()13.Allofushope_______theaward.A.hertogetB.hergettingC.shegetD.shewillget()14._______excitingnews!Wewillhavea_______holidayaftertheexam.A.Whatan;twomonthsB.Howan;twomonthsC.What;two-monthD.How;twomonths’()15.Mymotherisill_______hospital.Ihavetolookafterher_______hospital.A.in;intheB.in;inaC.inthe;inD.atthe;at()16.—Whendidyou_______fromyourbrother?—Well,I_______fromhimlastmonth.A.hearaletter;gotB.get;heardC.getaletter;heardD.hear;heardaletter()17._______greatfunhehad_______Englishsongs!A.How;practisesi