江蘇省南通市海安市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省南通市海安市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面的5段對話。每段對話后都有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whycan’tthewomanenterthepalacerightnow?A.Heronlineticketdoesn’twork.B.Theartworksarenotreadyyet.C.Therearetoomanypeopleinside.2.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday.B.Tuesday.C.Sunday.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thenextschoolfieldtrip.B.Studyplansfornextsemester.C.Classdiscussionthisafternoon.4.Howdoesthemanwanttohelpwildlifepopulations?A.Bybuildingnewhabitats.B.Bycreatingsafefoodsupplies.C.Bystoppingkillingwildlifeanimals.5.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Aforestguide.B.Aparkworker.C.Abusinessdeveloper.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichroomwillthewomanstayin?A.Room204.B.Room201.C.Room422.7.Howdothespeakersknoweachotherprobably?A.Theyarebusinesspartners.B.Thewomanisaregularguestattheman’shotel.C.Thewomanisaguesttotheman’swedding.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howdidthewomanthinkthemanlookedinthecompetition?A.Stress-free.B.Absent-minded.C.Aim-centered.9.Whatwillthemandothisautumn?A.EnteraPing-Pongcompetition.B.Takeonanewjob.C.Watchgamesathome.10.Whatadvicedoesthemangivetohisfans?A.Nopains,nogains.B.Pursuewhattheywant.C.Setafutureplan.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onawebsite.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookshop.12.Whatisthebookthemanislookingforabout?A.Acountry.B.Poems.C.Apoet.13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Contactalocalbooktrader.B.Checksomewebsites.C.Giveupinhissearch.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onatrain.B.Attheticketoffice.C.Inanewspaperoffice.15.Whydoesthewomandislikereadingnewspapers?A.Theyareold-fashioned.B.Theyareinconvenient.C.Theydon’tconsiderallsidesofastory.16.Whatdoesthewomanplantodonext?A.Playwithherphone.B.Readabook.C.Takeanap.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhenwastheBeijingSummerPalaceManagementOfficeestablished?A.TheyearwhentheSummerPalacewasbuilt.B.Over70yearsafterthecompletionoftheSummerPalace.C.TheyearwhenthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.18.Whichdepartmentdoesthespeakerworkin?A.Thehistoricalstudiesdepartment.B.Thesecurityandprotectiondepartment.C.Theculturalheritageconservationdepartment.19.Howdoesthespeakerspendmostofhistimeeveryday?A.Doingresearch.B.Takingphotos.C.Writingdiaries.20.Whatdoesthespeakerintendtodowithhisbook?A.Toremindmorepeoplenottoforgetthehistory.B.TokeepthePalace’sculturalsignificanceinformed.C.ToattractmorepeopletocometotheSummerPalace.第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AEssayContest—TeensMakeaDifference!Nomatteryourageorwhatyourlifeconsistsofyoucanalwaysmakeadifference.TeenInkknowsthis,andsodoesNatalieSilverstein—authorofSimpleActs:TheBusyTeen’sGuidetoMakingaDifference.Forthiscontest,wewanttoknowwhatsimple（ornotsosimple）actsyou’vedonetomakeadifference!Deadline:November1st,2024Rules:●Youmustbeateen（aged13-19）registering（注冊）withTeenInk.●Noinappropriatecontent.●Entries（參賽作品）mustrelatetothetopic.●Essaysmustbebetween250-350words.GuidelinesandDetails:●Thereisnosizelimittoanactofkindness—itdoesn’tmatterhowbigorsmallyouractofkindnessis.Wewanttohearaboutit!●Thereisnolimittothenumberofpiecesyoucansubmit（提交）.●SubmityourpieceasNONFICTIONandPERSONALEXPERIENCE—Whensubmittingyourcontestentry,select“Nonfiction”asthegenreand“PersonalExperience”asthesubgenre.HowtoSubmit:●Submitentriesthroughourwebsite.AllentriessubmittedtoTeenInkareconsideredforthecontest.●Mustincludethewords“EssayContest”inyoursubmission’stagsandtitle.Prizes:●ThewinnersandhonorablementionswillhavetheiressayspublishedinTeenInkmagazine.●TheoverallwinnerwillreceiveacopyofNatalieSilverstein’sbook,SimpleActs:TheBusyTeen’sGuidetoMakingaDifferenceanda$25Amazongiftcard.1.Whocanparticipateinthecontest?A.Lucy,a20-year-oldeditorofamagazine.B.Jack,acollegegraduatemajoringinliterature.C.Jenny,a12-year-oldgirlfondofwritingessays.D.Susan,ahighschoolstudentwithaTeenInkaccount.2.Thecontestsetsnolimiton______.A.thenumberofentries B.theformofessaysC.thewordcountofessays D.themainthemeofentries3.Whatwillyougetifyoureceiveanhonorablemention?A.AcopyofSimpleActs. B.TeenInkmagazine’sinterview.C.Achancetohavetheessaypublished. D.AcardwithNatalieSilverstein’ssignature.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文介紹了一個征文比賽的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rules中的“Youmustbeateen（aged13-19）registering（注冊）withTeenInk.(您必須是在teenInk注冊的青少年（13-19歲)”可知，參賽者必須是13到19歲的青少年，并且注冊了TeenInk賬戶。選項D的Susan符合條件。故選D項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GuidelinesandDetails中的“Thereisnolimittothenumberofpiecesyoucansubmit（提交）(你可以提交的作品數(shù)量沒有限制)”可知，可知，參賽作品的數(shù)量沒有限制。故選A項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes中的“ThewinnersandhonorablementionswillhavetheiressayspublishedinTeenInkmagazine(獲獎?wù)吆蜆s譽(yù)獎獲得者的文章將發(fā)表在TeenInk雜志上)可知，獲得榮譽(yù)提名的參賽者的文章將會在TeenInk雜志上發(fā)表。故選C項。BWhenitcomestoanartgallery,acaveseemsastrangechoice.Manyancientcavepaintings,whichmarkthefirstknownexamplesofartworkbyprehistoricalhumans,aresodeepunderthegroundthatitwouldhavetakenextraordinaryefforttoviewthem.So,ifyou’reanancientartist,whatmightinspireyoutopaintscenesoflife?Asitturnsout,Israeliarchaeologistsmayhavefiguredouttheanswer.Theartistsweretripping—literally.Accordingtoanewpaperin“TimeandMind:TheJournalofArchaeology,ConsciousnessandCulture”,thehumanswhoventuredintotheseundergroundplacesduringtheUpperPaleolithic(50,000to12,000yearsago)wouldhaveneededtolighttorchesinordertoseewhattheyweredoing.Intheprocess,theywouldhavereducedtheamountofoxygeninthecaves,inducinghypoxia(缺氧)intheirbrains.That,inturn,wouldhaveputtheminastateofchangedconsciousness,experiencingexcitement,out-of-bodyexperiencesandevenhallucinations(幻覺).Thesedifferentstatesofconsciousnesscouldhavebeenacauseforcreatingcaveartseenasawaytocommunicatewiththingsontheothersideofthewall.“Wediscussthesignificanceofcavesinlocalworldviewsandclaimthatenteringthesedeep,darkenvironmentswasaconsciouschoice,motivatedbyanunderstandingofthetransformativenatureofanunderground,oxygen-lackspace,”theauthorswrite.Theresearcherssuggestthatcavesandrocksheltersarelikelytohavebeenviewedasdoorstoanundergroundworldassociatedwithprosperityandgrowth.Theyindicatethattherockfacewasseenasa“tissue”connectingthehereandnowandtheworldbeyond,“allowingearlyhumanstomaintaintheirconnectednesswiththeuniverse”.Thehumanswhousedthemwouldhaveviewedthecavesassacred(神圣的)spaces,locationsthatdeservedaweandrespect.“Itwasnotthedecorationthatdemonstratedthesignificanceofcaves,”theauthorswrite.“Rather,thesignificanceofthechosencaveswasthereasonfortheirdecoration.”4.Whatdoestheauthorthink“Theartistsweretripping.”?A.Theypaintedinaconfusedstateofmind.B.Theyhadnofixedsettlementtocreateart.C.Theyattemptedtocreateanewpaintingstyle.D.Theirinspirationofpaintingcamefromthetrips.5.Howdidtheresearchersviewcavesandrockshelters’roleinearlyhumans’lives?A.Theyofferedthemhidingplaces. B.Theyweretheirspiritualgateways.C.Theyweretheirsourcesofcreativity. D.Theystoodforprosperityandgrowth.6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Artcreationontherocksmadethecavesmoreimportant.B.Thecavesthemselvesmatteredcomparedtotheartcreation.C.Itwasrathertoughforartiststochoosethecavesforpainting.D.Thecavesdecoratedwithpaintingsremindedpeopleofthepast.7.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Theearliestartforminhumancivilization. B.ThesignificanceofcavesinIsraeli.C.TheintroductiontocavepaintingsinIsraeli. D.Ancientartists’waytoexploretheworld.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了以色列考古學(xué)家的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們認(rèn)為早期人類在洞穴中創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)的靈感源于迷幻體驗，他們在洞穴中摸黑行動，需要點(diǎn)燃火把，使得洞穴中的氧氣減少，引發(fā)了缺氧，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致他們產(chǎn)生興奮、出竅體驗和幻覺等迷幻體驗?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Intheprocess,theywouldhavereducedtheamountofoxygeninthecaves,inducinghypoxia(缺氧)intheirbrains.That,inturn,wouldhaveputtheminastateofchangedconsciousness,experiencingexcitement,out-of-bodyexperiencesandevenhallucinations(幻覺).Thesedifferentstatesofconsciousnesscouldhavebeenacauseforcreatingcaveartseenasawaytocommunicatewiththingsontheothersideofthewall.(這反過來又會使他們處于一種意識改變的狀態(tài)，經(jīng)歷興奮、出竅甚至幻覺。這些不同的意識狀態(tài)可能是創(chuàng)造洞穴藝術(shù)的原因，被視為與墻另一邊的事物交流的一種方式。)”可知，他們在這種迷幻狀態(tài)下，可能會將洞穴視為與另一個世界進(jìn)行溝通的方式，從而創(chuàng)作出了洞穴藝術(shù)。所以，可以推斷出“Theartistsweretripping”是指他們的創(chuàng)作靈感來源于他們的迷幻體驗，這是他們故意在尋找一種新的繪畫方式。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theresearcherssuggestthatcavesandrocksheltersarelikelytohavebeenviewedasdoorstoanundergroundworldassociatedwithprosperityandgrowth.Theyindicatethattherockfacewasseenasa“tissue”connectingthehereandnowandtheworldbeyond,“allowingearlyhumanstomaintaintheirconnectednesswiththeuniverse”.Thehumanswhousedthemwouldhaveviewedthecavesassacred(神圣的)spaces,locationsthatdeservedaweandrespect.(研究人員認(rèn)為，洞穴和巖石庇護(hù)所很可能被視為通往地下世界的大門，與繁榮和增長有關(guān)。他們指出，巖石表面被視為連接此時此地和未來世界的“組織”，“允許早期人類保持與宇宙的聯(lián)系”。使用它們的人會把洞穴視為神圣的空間，值得敬畏和尊重的地方。)”可推知，研究人員認(rèn)為洞穴和巖洞在早期人類的生活中扮演了精神門戶的角色。故選B項。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Itwasnotthedecorationthatdemonstratedthesignificanceofcaves,”theauthorswrite.“Rather,thesignificanceofthechosencaveswasthereasonfortheirdecoration.”(“并不是這些裝飾顯示了洞穴的重要性，”作者寫道。“更確切地說，選擇洞穴的意義是它們裝飾的原因?！?”可推知，洞穴本身的重要性要高于洞穴中的畫作，這也是為什么這些洞穴被賦予了深厚的歷史和文化價值。故選B項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段中“Whenitcomestoanartgallery,acaveseemsastrangechoice.Manyancientcavepaintings,whichmarkthefirstknownexamplesofartworkbyprehistoricalhumans,aresodeepunderthegroundthatitwouldhavetakenextraordinaryefforttoviewthem.(說到藝術(shù)畫廊，洞穴似乎是一個奇怪的選擇。許多古代洞穴壁畫標(biāo)志著史前人類藝術(shù)作品的第一個已知例子，它們埋藏在地下很深的地方，要想看到它們需要付出極大的努力。)”可知，文章的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于洞穴藝術(shù)，這是人類最早的藝術(shù)形式。文章介紹了以色列考古學(xué)家的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們認(rèn)為早期人類在洞穴中創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)的靈感源于迷幻體驗，他們在洞穴中摸黑行動，需要點(diǎn)燃火把，使得洞穴中的氧氣減少，引發(fā)了缺氧，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致他們產(chǎn)生興奮、出竅體驗和幻覺等迷幻體驗。他們在這種迷幻狀態(tài)下，可能會將洞穴視為與另一個世界進(jìn)行溝通的方式，從而創(chuàng)作出了洞穴藝術(shù)。因此，可以推斷出文章主要討論的是人類最早的藝術(shù)形式，即洞穴藝術(shù)。故選D項。CInamoveaimedatreducinggreenhousegasemissionstohelpfighttheglobalclimatecrisis,theDutchcityofHaarlemissettobecomethefirstintheworldtobanadvertisementsformeat.Beginningin2024,advertisementsformeatwillbeforbiddenonbuses,shelters,orscreensinHaarlem’spublicspaces.AccordingtoTheGuardian,athirdofallemissionscontributingtoglobalheatingcomefromfoodproduction,withmeatproducingdoublethepollutionofplant-basedfoods.Forestsareclearedtomakewayforanimalpastures(牧草地),andnitrogen-richfertilizersthathelpgrowplantstofeedanimalscandamagetheozonelayer(臭氧層),aswellascreatewaterpollution.Animalsalsoproducelargequantitiesofgreenhousegases.“Meatisjustasharmfultotheenvironmentasfossilfuels,andwecan’ttellcitizensthere’saclimatecrisisandatthesametimeencouragethemtobuyproductsthatarepartofthecause,”saidZiggyKlazes,acouncillorfortheGroenLinksparty.“Itisasignal,ifthebanispickedupnationally,thatwouldonlybeverynice,”sheadded.However,themeatsectorandsomeorganisationsweren’tpleasedwiththeban.AspokespersonfortheCentralOrganisationfortheMeatSectorarguedthebanwasanissueoffreespeech.Despitethedisagreementsaboutthebanfromcritics,themovemaydothetrick.Forexample,taxesonsugarydrinkstohelpcontrolobesityratesinCaliforniacities,includingBerkeleyandSanFrancisco,alsoreceivedpushbackwhentheyfirstlaunched.Inpractice,however,Berkeleyreporteda21%decreaseinconsumptionjustayearfollowingthetax.Afterthreeyears,theconsumptionofsugarydrinksdroppedto50%andmineralwaterincreasedby29%.Aplant-baseddietisprobablythebiggestwaytoreduceyourimpactonEarth,notjustgreenhousegases,butglobalacidification,landuse,wateruse,etc.8.WhywasthemeatadvertisementbannedinHaarlem?A.Toadvocateaplant-baseddiet. B.Tohelpdealwithclimateissues.C.Toimprovethequalityofmeat. D.Tobeautifytheimageofthecity.9.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thecausesofwaterpollution. B.Theprocessofmeatproduction.C.Themajorreasonforglobalheating. D.Thenegativeimpactofmeatproduction.10.WhatisZiggyKlazes’attitudetowardstheban?A.Doubtful. B.Unclear. C.Hesitant. D.Favorable.11.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleinparagraph4?A.Topromotezero-sugardrinks. B.Toprovetheeffectivenessoftheban.C.Toconfirmtheimpactofthehumandiet. D.Tocallforhighertaxesonmeatproduction.【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了荷蘭城市哈勒姆將成為世界上第一個禁止肉類廣告的城市，此舉旨在減少溫室氣體排放，以應(yīng)對全球氣候危機(jī)。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Inamoveaimedatreducinggreenhousegasemissionstohelpfighttheglobalclimatecrisis,theDutchcityofHaarlemissettobecomethefirstintheworldtobanadvertisementsformeat.Beginningin2024,advertisementsformeatwillbeforbiddenonbuses,shelters,orscreensinHaarlem’spublicspaces.(為了減少溫室氣體排放，幫助應(yīng)對全球氣候危機(jī)，荷蘭哈勒姆市將成為世界上第一個禁止肉類廣告的城市。從2024年開始，肉類廣告將被禁止出現(xiàn)在哈勒姆的公共汽車、庇護(hù)所或公共場所的屏幕上)”可知，哈勒姆禁止肉類廣告是為了幫助應(yīng)對氣候問題。故選B?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“AccordingtoTheGuardian,athirdofallemissionscontributingtoglobalheatingcomefromfoodproduction,withmeatproducingdoublethepollutionofplant-basedfoods.Forestsareclearedtomakewayforanimalpastures(牧草地),andnitrogen-richfertilizersthathelpgrowplantstofeedanimalscandamagetheozonelayer(臭氧層),aswellascreatewaterpollution.Animalsalsoproducelargequantitiesofgreenhousegases.(據(jù)《衛(wèi)報》報道，導(dǎo)致全球變暖的排放中有三分之一來自食品生產(chǎn)，肉類產(chǎn)生的污染是植物性食品的兩倍。森林被砍伐為動物牧場讓路，而幫助種植植物喂養(yǎng)動物的富氮肥料會破壞臭氧層，并造成水污染。動物也會產(chǎn)生大量的溫室氣體)”可知，第二段主要講了肉類生產(chǎn)的負(fù)面影響。故選D。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Meatisjustasharmfultotheenvironmentasfossilfuels,andwecan’ttellcitizensthere’saclimatecrisisandatthesametimeencouragethemtobuyproductsthatarepartofthecause(肉類對環(huán)境的危害和化石燃料一樣大，我們不能一邊告訴市民有氣候危機(jī)，一邊鼓勵他們購買與氣候危機(jī)有關(guān)的產(chǎn)品)”可知，ZiggyKlazes的這句話表明了他對這項禁令是贊成的，因為他認(rèn)為肉類對環(huán)境有害，而這項禁令是在減少肉類廣告。故選D。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Despitethedisagreementsaboutthebanfromcritics,themovemaydothetrick.Forexample,taxesonsugarydrinkstohelpcontrolobesityratesinCaliforniacities,includingBerkeleyandSanFrancisco,alsoreceivedpushbackwhentheyfirstlaunched.Inpractice,however,Berkeleyreporteda21%decreaseinconsumptionjustayearfollowingthetax.Afterthreeyears,theconsumptionofsugarydrinksdroppedto50%andmineralwaterincreasedby29%.(盡管批評人士對禁令存在分歧，但此舉可能會奏效。例如，對含糖飲料征稅以幫助控制加州城市（包括伯克利和舊金山）的肥胖率，在首次推出時也遭到了抵制。然而，在實踐中，伯克利報告說，在征稅后僅一年，消費(fèi)量就下降了21%。三年后，含糖飲料的消費(fèi)量下降到50%，礦泉水的消費(fèi)量增加了29%)”可知，作者提到這個例子是為了證明哈勒姆禁止肉類廣告這一禁令可能會像對含糖飲料征稅一樣有效。故選B。DWhileMattDamonreliedonpotatoescultivatedinbiowastetosurviveinthehitfilmTheMartian,theresearcherssayitisahumbledesertmoss（蘚類）thatmightprovecrucialtoestablishinglifeonMars.ScientistsinChinasaytheyhavefoundSyntrichiacaninervis—amossfoundinAntarcticanddesert—isabletobearMars-likeconditions,includingdrought,highlevelsofradiationandextremecold.Themosswasabletoregenerateundernormalgrowthconditionsafterspendinguptofiveyearsat-80℃andupto30daysat-196℃,andafterexposuretogammarays,withdosesofaround500Gyevenpromotingnewgrowth.Theteamthencreatedaset-upthathadsimilarpressures,temperatures,gasesandUVradiationtoMars.ItfoundthemosssurvivedinthisMars-likeenvironment,andwasabletoregenerateundernormalgrowthconditions,evenaftersevendaysofexposure.“Theseexperimentsrepresentanimportantfirststep,buttheydonotshowthatthemosscouldbeasignificantsourceofoxygenunderMartianconditions,nordotheyshowthatthedesertmosscouldreproduceintheMartiancontext,”McDanielsaid.“Implyingthatmoss,oranyotherpioneeringspecies,isreadytoterraform（行星地球化）Mars,oranyotherouterplanet,isanoverstatement.”Zupanskaadded.Dr.WigerofWageningenUniversity,alsoraisedconcerns,includingthattemperaturesontheredplanetrarelygotabovefreezing,makingoutdoorplantgrowthimpossible,whilethenewstudydidnotuseMars-likesoil.“ThemossesweretreatedunderMarscircumstancesforamaximumofseveraldaysandthenregrownunderEarthconditionsonsand,”hesaid.“This,ofcourse,doesn’tshowatalltheycangrowunderMarsconditions.”However,Prof.EdwardGuinanofVillanovaUniversityintheUSdescribedthestudyasimpressive.“ThisextremotolerantmosscouldpromisetobeapioneerplantforMarscolonization,”hesaid,althoughhenotedthemosswouldneedwatertogrow.“Wehavealotofthingstodo,”hesaid.“ButthislowlydesertmossoffershopeformakingsmallportionsofMarshabitableforhumankindinthefuture.”12.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoillustratebymentioningthepotatoes?A.Thepotatoesplayedacrucialroleinthefilm.B.ThemossledtosurvivalofthepotatoesonMars.C.ThemossmaysurviveonMarslikethesepotatoes.D.Thesuccessofthefilmresultedfromtheplotaboutpotatoes.13.WhatcanbeimpliedfromwhatMcDanielandZupanskasaid?A.ThemosshasalongwaytobeaMartianplant.B.ItisunlikelythattheearthspeciescangrowonMars.C.Theexperimentsaboutthemosswereacompletesuccess.D.TheywillresearchintoreproducingthemossintheMartiancontext.14.Whichoneisrightaboutthecharacteristicofthemossinthetext?A.Resistanttowater. B.AdaptabletoMartiansoil.C.CapableofproducingoxygenonMars. D.RegenerativeunderEarthcondition.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.CanMarsactuallybecomeasecondEarth?B.Canscientistscreateaset-upsimilartoMars?C.CanamossbecomeapioneerlivingonMars?D.CanresearchersmakeittoMarscolonization?【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。文章的主要內(nèi)容是探討苔蘚是否能成為火星上的先鋒生物?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhileMattDamonreliedonpotatoescultivatedinbiowastetosurviveinthehitfilmTheMartian,theresearcherssayitisahumbledesertmoss（蘚類）thatmightprovecrucialtoestablishinglifeonMars(在熱播電影《火星救援》中，馬特·達(dá)蒙依靠在生物垃圾中種植的土豆生存，而研究人員表示，這是一種不起眼的沙漠苔蘚，可能對在火星上建立生命至關(guān)重要”可知，通過提到電影中的土豆，作者想說明苔蘚可能像電影中的土豆一樣在火星上生存。故選C項。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““Theseexperimentsrepresentanimportantfirststep,buttheydonotshowthatthemosscouldbeasignificantsourceofoxygenunderMartianconditions,nordotheyshowthatthedesertmosscouldreproduceintheMartiancontext,”McDanielsaid.“Implyingthatmoss,oranyotherpioneeringspecies,isreadytoterraform（行星地球化）Mars,oranyotherouterplanet,isanoverstatement.”Zupanskaadded.(McDaniel說：“這些實驗代表了重要的第一步，但它們并沒有表明苔蘚在火星條件下可能是一個重要的氧氣來源，也沒有表明沙漠苔蘚可以在火星環(huán)境下繁殖?！薄鞍凳咎μ\或任何其他先鋒物種已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好改造火星或任何其他外行星，這是夸大其詞。”Zupanska補(bǔ)充道)”可知，從McDaniel和Zupanska的話中可以推斷出，苔蘚要成為火星植物還有很長的路要走。故選A項。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“thenregrownunderEarthconditionsonsand(然后在地球條件下的沙子上重新生長)”可知，苔蘚的特征是在地球條件下再生。故選D項。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“WhileMattDamonreliedonpotatoescultivatedinbiowastetosurviveinthehitfilmTheMartian,theresearcherssayitisahumbledesertmoss（蘚類）thatmightprovecrucialtoestablishinglifeonMars(在熱播電影《火星救援》中，馬特·達(dá)蒙依靠在生物垃圾中種植的土豆生存，而研究人員表示，這是一種不起眼的沙漠苔蘚，可能對在火星上建立生命至關(guān)重要”以及下文不同人對苔蘚是否能成為火星上的先鋒生物提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)。所以短文主要圍繞著“苔蘚能成為火星上的先鋒生物？”展開，也是文章的最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Manyofushaveadreamthatwewouldlovetoachieve.Havingdreamsisfine,butachievingthemisanotherthing.Itcoversalotofelements,likedetermination,motivation,single-mindedness,courage,commitmentandsoon.____16____Stayingmotivatedcanbehard,especiallyifyouthinkyouarebeingfrustratedfrequently.Howdowegetmotivatedtorealizeourdreams?Thefirstthingthatcan’tbeignoredistofigureoutourdreams.Actually,ourdreamisusuallyabitvague.____17____Thenextstepistoturnitintoaseriesofgoals.Along-termgoalwillbetheultimatedream—let’ssay,settingupanewbusiness.Short-termandmedium-termgoalswillbethestagesontheroadtothefinalgoal.Ifyouhavesetgoalsstepbystep,it’stimetokeepyourselfmotivated.Aboveall,beingpositiveisofgreatimportance.____18____Oncefacedwithsuchsituations,youshouldfindasupportsystem.Afterall,surroundingshaveagreatinfluenceonwhatpeoplearelike.Inviewofthis,you’dbettermixwithmotivatedpeoplearoundustokeepyouinhighspirits.Becausesuchguysalwayssmileatanydifficulties,firmlybelievingthatafterthewindandrain,thereisarainbow.____19____Andtheycanprovideyouwithpositiveemotionalvalue,suchasencouragement,supportandappreciation.Ifsurroundedbythosepeople,howcanyousufferfromfrustrationandnegativethoughts?____20____Whatyoushoulddoistackleitassoonasyourealizeyourmotivationhasgone.Thinkaboutwhyyourself-motivationhasbeenlostandthenlookathowyoucanbringitback.Don’tignoreit,oryouwillcometoregretyourlackofaction.Worktogetthatself-motivationbackandgetbackontheroadtosuccess.A.Yourplanitselfisafoundationofself-motivation.B.Soitisnecessarytomakeaclearwholeplaninadvance.C.Theiroptimismandconfidencemustreflectbackonyou.D.Amongthem,Ithinkmotivationisthemostimportantone.E.Inaddition,itisimportantnottoworryaboutlosingmotivation.F.Therearesomanysourcesavailabletoanyoneseekingmotivation.G.However,youareoftenstuckinfrustrationandeventodoubtyourself.【答案】16.D17.B18.G19.C20.E【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了實現(xiàn)夢想，保持動力的方法?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Itcoversalotofelements,likedetermination,motivation,single-mindedness,courage,commitmentandsoon.(它包含了很多要素，比如決心、動力、一心一意、勇氣、承諾等等)”以及下文“Stayingmotivatedcanbehard,especiallyifyouthinkyouarebeingfrustratedfrequently.(保持動力是很難的，尤其是如果你認(rèn)為自己經(jīng)常受到挫折)”可知，選項承接上下文，說明作者很看重諸多要素中的動力。故D選項“其中，我認(rèn)為動力是最重要的一個”切題。motivation呼應(yīng)Stayingmotivated。故選D項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Thenextstepistoturnitintoaseriesofgoals.

(下一步就是把它變成一系列的目標(biāo))”可知，選項應(yīng)說明第一步應(yīng)該怎么做。故B選項“因此，有必要提前制定一個明確的整體計劃”切題，下文中的it指代選項中的plan。故選B項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Aboveall,beingpositiveisofgreatimportance.(最重要的是，積極是非常重要的)”和下文“Oncefacedwithsuchsituations,youshouldfindasupportsystem.(一旦遇到這些情況，你應(yīng)該找到一個支持系統(tǒng))”推知選項與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明與積極相反的情況。故G選項“然而，你卻常常陷入沮喪，甚至懷疑自己”切題，下文的suchsituations指選項中的提到的“常常陷入沮喪，甚至懷疑自己”的情況。故選G項。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Inviewofthis,you’dbettermixwithmotivatedpeoplearoundustokeepyouinhighspirits.Becausesuchguysalwayssmileatanydifficulties,firmlybelievingthatafterthewindandrain,thereisarainbow.(鑒于此，你最好和我們周圍積極的人交往，讓你保持高昂的精神。因為這樣的人總是在任何困難面前微笑，堅信風(fēng)雨之后總會有彩虹)”可知，選項承接上文說明與積極的人交往對自己的影響。故C選項“他們的樂觀和自信一定會影響到你”切題。故選C項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Whatyoushoulddoistackleitassoonasyourealizeyourmotivationhasgone.Thinkaboutwhyyourself-motivationhasbeenlostandthenlookathowyoucanbringitback.Don’tignoreit,oryouwillcometoregretyourlackofaction.Worktogetthatself-motivationbackandgetbackontheroadtosuccess.(你應(yīng)該做的是一旦你意識到你的動力已經(jīng)消失，就去解決它。想想為什么你失去了自我激勵，然后想想如何讓它恢復(fù)。不要忽視它，否則你會后悔你的不作為。努力找回自我激勵，重新走上成功之路)”可知，下文主要告訴我們在失去動力時應(yīng)該怎么處理，所以不要擔(dān)心會失去動力。故E選項“此外，重要的是不要擔(dān)心失去動力”切題。故選E項。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Attendinganewschoolcanbeabigchallengeforanystudent.____21____,for15-yea-oldSergioPeralta,hefoundagroupofinnovativestudentswho____22____hislife.InthefirstdaysofthenewschoolyearatHendersonville,Peraltatriedtocoverupthe____23____fact—hisrighthandwasnotfully____24____.Butateacherintheengineeringprogram,JeffWilkins,eventuallylearnedofthe____25____andsuggestedthathisengineeringstudentsmightbeabletohelpout.Thoughthestudentswereunsureiftheideawouldwork,theydidn’tlet____26____stopthemfromtrying.With____27____toonlinemodelsanda3Dprinter,theyspentfourweeks____28____,sizing,andcreatingarobotichandforPeralta.Thenthestudents____29____itwithagameofcatch.Forthefirsttime,Peraltawasabletoplaycatchwithbothhands.Andhavinglivedwithoutonehandfor15years,henever_____30_____it.Thestudentsalsodiscovered_____31_____howengineeringcanbeusedtomakea_____32_____difference.Thisambitiousproject_____33_____notonlythevisionbutalsotheleadershipbehindtheengineeringprogramofWilkins’class,whichwasmeanttoturnconceptsinto_____34_____,saidprincipalBobCotter.Peralta’srobotichandbears_____35_____tothekindnessandcreativityofthestudents.21.A.Stressfully B.Happily C.Obviously D.Secretly22.A.extended B.saved C.transformed D.shaped23.A.embarrassing B.amazing C.inspiring D.puzzling24.A.protected B.copied C.developed D.examined25.A.opportunity B.potential C.progress D.situation26.A.laughter B.uncertainty C.fear D.shame27.A.access B.regard C.priority D.devotion28.A.proposing B.training C.designing D.displaying29.A.tested B.measured C.recorded D.improved30.A.trusted B.expected C.abandoned D.regretted31.A.comprehensively B.first-hand C.toughly D.single-handed32.A.practical B.reasonable C.competitive D.social33.A.adaptsto B.beginswith C.focuseson D.standsfor34.A.dream B.support C.profit D.reality35.A.preference B.response C.witness D.reward【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.C29.A30.B31.B32.A33.D34.D35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了一群富有創(chuàng)造力的工程學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)生為右手殘疾的同學(xué)Peralta制作機(jī)械手的故事?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，對于15歲的塞爾吉奧·佩拉爾塔來說，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一群創(chuàng)新的學(xué)生，他們改變了他的生活。A.Stressfully緊張地；B.Happily快樂；C.Obviously顯然；D.Secretly秘密地。根據(jù)后文學(xué)生為他制作了機(jī)械手，改變了他的生活，可知這是幸運(yùn)地。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，對于15歲的塞爾吉奧·佩拉爾塔來說，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一群創(chuàng)新的學(xué)生，他們改變了他的生活。A.extended擴(kuò)大；B.saved挽救；C.transformed改變；D.shaped塑造。根據(jù)上文“innovativestudents”以及后文“hislife”以及后文學(xué)生為