2024年北京朝陽(yáng)區(qū)高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷和答案

高中PAGE1高中2024北京朝陽(yáng)高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)(考試時(shí)間100分鐘滿分100分)本試卷共10頁(yè)?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無(wú)效。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Onawinterafternoon,afriendandIwerethrowingstonesontotheroofofanoldlady’shouse.Weaimedtoseehowthestones___1___tofallingstarsastheyrolledofftheroofandshotintotheyard.Ifoundaperfectlysmoothrock.Itwastoosmooth,however,soitslipped(滑落)frommyhandasIthrewitandit___2___forasmallwindowofthehouse.Hearingthesoundofbreakingglass,IknewIwas___3___.Iwastooscaredaboutgettingcaughtthatnighttobe___4___abouttheoldladywiththebrokenwindowinsuchacoldwinter.However,afewdayslater,Istartedtofeelsorryforher___5___.Shestillgreetedmeeachdaywithasmile.ImadeupmymindthatIwouldsavemypaperdeliverymoneytomakeupforwhatIdid.Finally,Imadeit.IputthemoneyinanenvelopewithanoteexplainingthatIwassorryforbreakingherwindowandhopedthatthesevendollarswouldbeenoughto___6___thecost.Iwaiteduntilitwasdark.Iwentuptoherhouse___7___andputtheletterIdidn’tsigninherdoorinsecret.Atthatmoment,IfeltthatIcouldhavethe___8___,onceagain,tolookintotheoldlady’skindeyes.Thenextday,Ihandedherthepaperandwasableto___9___herwarmsmile.Shethankedmeandgavemeabagofcookies.Afterseveralcookies,Ifeltanenvelope.WhenIopenedit,Iwas____10____toseethesevendollarsandashortnotethatsaid,“I’mproudofyou.”1.A.ran B.jumped C.changed D.added2.A.waited B.headed C.looked D.called3.A.introuble B.intears C.inrelief D.indanger4.A.nervous B.careful C.serious D.concerned5.A.challenge B.suffering C.pressure D.sadness6.A.cover B.cut C.raise D.count7.A.humbly B.painfully C.quietly D.proudly8.A.patience B.desire C.courage D.inspiration9.A.record B.return C.reward D.realize10.A.eager B.excited C.stressed D.surprised第二節(jié)選詞填空(共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面句子，根據(jù)句意，從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組，并使用其正確形式填空。duetobeaddictedtoliveuptoratherthanmakeanefforttakeadvantageofrepresenthaveanimpactonenabledealwith11.Theredlinesonthemap______railways.12.Thismoneywould_____metoopenmyownbusiness.13.Thesmokeintheairwas______awildfireinthenearbyforest.14.Youshould______thehotel’sgymandpoolwhileyou’rethere.15.One’sgeneralknowledgeabouthealth______theirlifestylechoices.16.Tim______coffeeandcan’tdoanythinginthemorninguntilhe’shadsome.17.Thegirlhasfailedto______theproblemofhomesicknesswhiletravelingabroad.18.Afterlosingthegame,he______tohidehisdisappointment,butweallsawitinhisface.19.We’veheardlotsofgoodnewsabouttherestaurantanditsfood______ourexpectationtoo.20.______drivingaroundalldaylookingforplacestopark,whydon’tyoutakeabusintotown?第三節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面句子，根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式琪空。21.Dr.Brownisaseniorprofessor________viewsarewidelyrespected.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）22.Thelittlegirl______(cry)herheartoutbecauseshehadlosthertoybear.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)23.Tomwasmyleaderandhepromisedthathe______(help)meifnecessary.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)24.Wewere______(amaze)toseeJohnlookingsowell,sosoonafterhisoperation.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)25.WhenIwenttopayhimavisitinthehospital,he______(examine)bythedoctor.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)26.Heimaginedallsortsof______(excite)thingsaboutstudyingandlivingincollege.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)27.Afteraheateddiscussion,wecameupwiththeway______(solve)thefundingproblem.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)28.WhenababyisonemontholdinChina,aFullMoonceremony______(hold)tocelebrateit.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)29.Theywereimpressedbytheschools______theyhadvisitedinthepoorvillageanddecidedtohelpthem.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)30.Itisabigchallenge______(find)andkeeptherightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsites.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATePapaTongarewaTePapaTongarewaisthemuseumofart,science,andthenaturalhistoryofNewZealand.Thenametranslatesto“ourcontaineroftreasuredthingsandpeoplethatspringfrommotherearthhereinNewZealand”.TePapaisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm,exceptonChristmasDay.Admissionisfreeforeveryone,butchargesapplytocertainexhibitionsandevents.·GuidedtoursIntroducingTePapaTourwillgiveyouagreatopportunitytounderstandthevariousviewsandculturesyouwillmeetthroughoutNewZealand.TePapa@TwilightTourisanexcellentchoicetoavoidthecrowdsanddiscoverTePapa’shighlightsasthesunbeginstoset.Youcandiscussourdiversenaturalenvironment,andthecontinuedgrowthofMaoriculturewithaprivateguide.TakeajourneywithMaoriExperienceKinakiTour,todiscoverhowfirstpeoplesofthelandhaveformeduniquefoodsprovidedbythenaturalworld.Thetourwillconcludewithasharedkai,traditionally-inspiredfoodtasting.·PlananeducationvisitIfyouareaneducator,choosefromourrangeofeducationprogrammes.Eachcanbeadaptedtoyourneeds.Bothin-personandvirtualvisitsareaccessible.Werecommendbookingatleasttwoweeksaheadoftime.Duringthevisit,werequireyoutobringadultstosupervise(管理)studentscloselyasyouareresponsiblefortheirsafety.Foodanddrinks(exceptbottledwater)arenotallowedinexhibitionareas.Schoolsarewelcometoeatlunchintheoutdoorcourtyard.Youmayalsochoosetobuylunchesfromourcaféandarewelcometousecafespacetoeat.31.Accordingtothepassage,TePapaTongarewa______.A.showslocalcollections B.isfullofworldwidetreasuresC.hostsalltheeventsforfree D.isopenthewholeyearround32.WhichtripofTePapaofferstypicaltraditionalfood?A.IntroducingTePapaTour. B.TePapa@TwilightTour.C.Aneducationprogramme. D.MaoriExperienceKinakiTour.33.ForaneducationvisittoTePapa_____.A.bookingaweekaheadisrequired B.themuseumensuresstudents’safelyC.eatinginexhibitionareasisaccepted D.themuseumsupportspersonalizedserviceBHanselEnmanuel,a19-year-oldbasketballplayer,hasdrawnattentionaftervideosspreadquicklyshowinghisawesomeskills,likemaking3-pointshotsanddunking(灌籃)withease.Allwithjusthisrightarm.Itlooksalmosteffortlesswhenheplays.However,it’snot.Itneverhasbeen.Enmanuelwas6whenhewasclimbingawall.Itfelloverhim,bricksandblocksonhisleftarm.Hewasrushedtothehospital,butthedoctorcouldn’tsavehisarmanditwascutoffseveralinchesbelowtheshoulder.ItwasadarktimeforEnmanuelandhisfamily.Slowly,thingsgotbetterforthelittleboy.Hestillremembersthefirsttimehetiedhisshoes.Just7,Enmanuelwaswaitingforhismothertodoitforhim,butshewasbusycooking.“Iwaslike,nevermind,I’mgoingtostart,”hesaidinarecentinterview.“Itoldmyselfletmetry.Iwastrying.ThenImadeit.”“SoIwasexcited,excitedlikecrazy,”headded.Smallthingsbecamehugevictories.Monthsafterthat,Enmanueltriedbasketball,too.Butit’snotaneasypath.Hismissingarmlefthimlackingbalance.Everytimehetriedtorun,he’dcrashtotheground,fallingondebris(碎片)coveredacrossthecourtsheplayedon.Thesefallslefthimwithnumerousscars(疤痕).Intheinterview,Enmanuelpointedtothescarafterscardownthelengthoftheleg,remindersofahardtimethathasbroughthimtoexcellenceinbasketballskills.Enmanuelfirstdunkedat14,anditwasn’tlongbeforehispopularitygrewwiththeviewsonhisvideos.Butitwasn’tthehighlightvideosthatinterestedhiscoach,CoreyGipson.HelikedEnmanuel’sattitudeandthewayhecarriedhimselfonthecourt.“Hanselisaverytoughperson,”Gipsonsaid.“Whenyouseehimonthefloor,youjustseeanunstoppableforcethatdoesn’ttakeanythingforgranted(理所應(yīng)當(dāng)).”“I’mnotspecial,”Enmanuelsaid.“I’mnotdifferentthannobody.TheonlydifferenceisthatI’vegotonearm,butthat’snotdifferent.”34.WhatfirstencouragedEnmanueltorecoverfromtheaccident?A.Thehelpfromhisdoctor. B.Managingtotiehisshoes.C.Videosonhisshotsanddunking. D.Theattentionfromhismother.35.Enmanuelpointedtoscarsonhislegmainlytoshowhis______.A.success B.health C.efforts D.competence36.WhatinterestedEnmanuel’scoachmost?A.Hisresponsetodifficulties. B.Hisgreatsenseofbalance.C.Hisconfidenceonthecourt. D.Hispopularityonsocialmedia.37.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.B.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.D.Youcanmakeadifferencebybeingdifferent.CEarlierfindingsaboutsharkshaveshownthattheycouldlearnskillsfromeachother.Recently,VeraSchluesselattheUniversityofBonninGermanyandhercolleagueshavedoneresearchonhowwell12bamboosharkscouldrecognize(認(rèn)出)differentnumbersofobjects.Eachsharkwasputinatrainingpoolwithpicturesoftwodifferentgroupsofgeometric(幾何圖形的)shapesprojectedontoawallTheteamthencycledthroughatleast40objectsofdifferentshapesandshadestoensurethesharksweren’tsimplypickinguponthedarknessoftheobjectsortheareaofwalltheycovered.Aroundhalfthesharkslearnedtoreliablypresstheirnoseagainsttheimagewiththemostobjects,afterwhichtheywererewardedwithfood.Thesesharksonlyseemedabletopickoutthebiggergroupifitcontainedatleasttwomoreobjectsthanthesmallerone.Thismaybebecausethedifferencebetweensixandsevenfishorpredators(捕食者)isunimportantinthewild,saysSchluessel.Thereasonnotallthesharkslearnedhowtodothetaskcouldbethatthey,likeallanimals,havedifferencesinintelligence(智力).Sharksjoinagrowingnumberofanimalsthathavebeendiscoveredtohavesimilarskillsatdistinguishingquantities,includingblackbears,guppiesandrhesusmonkeys.Inoneexperiment,dogsandwolveswereabletoreliablypickthelargeroftwogroups.Butdogscouldonlydosowhenoneofthegroupshadfarmoreobjects.Somesharkspeciesaresociallearnersandcanperformataskinatankmorequicklyiftheywatchanothersharkthathasalreadybeentrainedtodoit.Thischallengestheimageofsharksasmindless,solitarycreatures.Justlikehumans,sharkslearnfromtheirownexperiencesandfailures.Andjustaswedo,sharkscanlearnfromeachother’sexperiencestoo,saysCatarinaVilaPoucaatMacquarieUniversityinAustralia.“Beingabletolearnfromothersisenormouslybeneficial.Notonlydoesitsavetime,butwatchinganothershark’ssuccessatfeedingorfailuretoescapepredatorscouldbeamatteroflifeordeath.”Schluesselandhercolleagueshavealsopreviouslyfoundthatbamboosharkshaveanadvancedabilitytorecognizecategories,suchassnailsorfish,enablingthemtogetatreatevenifpictureslookremarkablysimilar.Thisissimilartoourabilitytolookatagoldfishandasalmonandknowthattheyarethesametypeofthing,eventhoughoneis30timesthesizeoftheother.38.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesharksintherecentresearch?A.Theyaretrainedtorecognizetheshapes.B.Theyarecapableoftellingmorefromless.C.Theycanidentifyobjectsduetotherewards.D.Theyarenobetterthandogsintellingnumbers.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“solitary”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Selfish. B.Lonely. C.Risky. D.Lazy.40.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toshowhowsharkslearnfromeachother.B.Toexplainhowsharksandhumansarealike.C.Toprovethatsharksaresmarterthantheylook.D.Topresenttheimportanceofnumbersforsharks.DDespitedecadesofresearch,disordersofthebrainhaveprovedespeciallydifficulttotreat.Thereisschizophrenia(精神分裂癥),whichhasnotseenabreakthroughformorethan60years,sincethediscoveryofchlorpromazine—whichhappenedlargelybychance.Butthestoryofchlorpromazineoffersapowerfullesson:originallyanantihistamine(抗過(guò)敏藥),itwasrepurposedasamedicineforschizophrenia.Asascientistwhohasstudiedschizophreniafordecades,Iamconvincedthatwecouldhavesimilarsuccesseswithothermedicinesalreadyonourshelves.BecauseanexistingdrughasalreadypassedFoodandDrugAdministrationtests(FDA-approved),successfullyrepurposingitcouldtakelessthanhalfoftheestimated13yearsandsignificantlylessthantheaverage$2-billionto$3-billioncostofdevelopingasingledrugfromnothing.ThethousandsofFDA-approveddrugsthusrepresentavastresourcethatcanpossiblybeadaptedtotargetanynumberofconditions.Butthispossibilityislargelyunexplored,inpartbecausedrugcompaniesalwayshavetorestructuretheirResearchandDevelopment(R&D)programstolookatotherdiseases.TherearealsothousandsofdrugsthatarenotFDA-approved.Whenacompanydiscontinuesdevelopmentofadrug,whateverresearchersknowislockedupinthatcompany’sfilesandmightaswellbelost.Scientistsneedaccess(使用機(jī)會(huì))tothisinformation.Ifthisinformationcouldbedirectedintoacentralizedresource,itwouldbegreatnews.Researcherscouldemploythelatesttoolsinbio-informatics,datascienceandmachinelearningtouncovercommonmolecular(分子的)themesamongorbetweendiseasesandpromisingdrugs.Yetmanydrugcompaniesarestillunwillingtorevealanythingthatmightputtheircopyrightsatrisk.Evenacademicsmayhesitatetosharewithcompetinglaboratories.Tocopewiththis,organizationsliketheFDAmustdevelopmotivationsforsharingdata,suchasbycreatinglegalsafeguardsforprivacyandcommercialinterests.Thesemotivationscouldthenopenthefloodgatesforeasy-to-use,openplatformsforefficientlysharingandminingdata.Thiswouldnothavebeenpossiblefiveyearsago.Butnowisacriticalmoment,andwehaveneverbeenclosertorealbreakthroughs.Inmylab,wearetestingcertaincancerdrugsthatrestoresomeofthebiologicalprocessesthataredisturbedinschizophrenia.Wewanttoseeifthedrugshavethesamerestorativefeaturesinthebraincellsofschizophreniapatients.Thisisaproofoftheideathatasystematicandstrategicapproachtodrugrepurposingcouldactuallymovetheneedle.Thereisnotimetowaste.Whatweneediscooperationfromdrugcompaniesandacademicscientistsalike—andaccesstothelifesavingdatatheyhold.41.Whydoestheauthormentionchlorpromazineinthefirstparagraph?A.Tostressthedifficultyintreatingbraindisorders.B.Toexplainmedicalprogresscouldhappenbyluck.C.TointroduceamedicinebreakthroughinmedicalhistoryD.Toshowamedicineforacertainillnesscantreatanotherdisease.42.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Informationarisingfromdrugdevelopmentcanbewasted.B.Theundevelopedfunctionsofpresentmedicinesareovervalued.C.WeshouldtreasureFDA-approveddrugsmorethantheunapproved.D.Studyingexistingdrugsismorelikelytosucceedthandevelopingnewones.43.Asfordrugcompanies’beingunwillingtoshare,theauthoris_______.A.supportive B.negative C.understanding D.uncertain44.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.NewDrugsfromOld B.AccesstoLifesavingDataC.BetweenDrugCompaniesandScientists. D.BeforeandAfterMedicalBreakthroughs第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Formanypeople,beingconnectedinthedigitalworldisjustapartpfeverydaylife.However,therearemanytimeswhenyoumightwanttogiveupyourdigitaldevices.____45____Whatisadigitaldetox?Adigitaldetoxreferstoaperiodwhenapersonstopsusingtechdevicessuchassmartphones,computers,andsocialmedia.Itisoftenseenasawaytofocusonreal-lifesocialinteractionswithoutdisturbing.Thereareavarietyofformsofdetoxing.____46____Also,youcantryaspecificdetox—limitingtheuseofoneappordigitaltoolthatistakinguptoomuchofyourtime.Whydoyouneedadigitaldetox?Manyexpertsbelievethattechanddeviceoverusecanleadtophysicalandmentalproblems.OnestudypublishedonGlobalPediatricHealthsuggestedthatchildrenwhouseddigitaldevicesatbedtimehadsignificantlyworseandlesssleep.____47____Besides,heavydeviceusemayberelatedtomentalhealthconcerns.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniarecentlypublishedastudylinkingtheuseofsocialmediatoincreasedstresslevelandsymptoms(癥狀)ofdepressionandloneliness.____48____Formanypeople,completelygivingupallformsofdigitalcommunicationmightnotbepossible,particularlythosewhodependonthemforworkorschool.So,thefirstkeyistoberealistic.Ifyouneedyourdevicesduringthedayforyourjob,trydoingamini-detoxatnight.____49____Anotherwayistoremovethingsthatdisturbyou.Trytoturnoffpushnotifications(通知)onyourphoneorleaveyourphoneathomewhenyouarehavingdinnerwithfriends.Ofcourse,youcanalsotellyourfriendsandfamilythatyouareonadigitaldetoxandaskfortheirhelp,orkeepajournaltotrackyourprogresstoensureamoresuccessfuldetox.A.Howdoyoudoadigitaldetox?B.Inthiscase,youmightaswelltryadigitaldetox.C.Whatarethekeystogivingupalldigitalcommunication?D.Italsofoundaconnectionbetweennighttimetechuseandeyesightproblem.E.Doingamini-detoxisonewaytosetlimitsandreduceyourfearofmissingout.F.Duringthattime,youcanturnoffyourdevicesandspendaneveningfreeofelectronics.G.Oneofthemisadigitalfast,whichmeansgivingupalldigitaldevicesforaperiodoftime.第三部分書(shū)面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第50、51題各2分，第52題3分，第53題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Nowadays,peoplearespendingmorehoursonwork.However,takingsometimeoffisimportantforrefreshingyourselves.Ifyou’rehavingtroublemakingtimeforabreak,therecentresearchbytheUCLA’sAndersonSchoolsuggeststhattreatingyourweekendslikeavacationcanmakeyouhappier.Thefindingsarebasedonaseriesofexperiments.Inonestudyof441workers,halfofthetestsubjectswereinstructedtohaveanormalweekend,whiletheothershadto“treattheirweekendlikeavacation.”ThenextMonday,theweekendvacationersreportedthattheyfelthappierandweregenerallymoresatisfiedthanthosewhohadhadanormalweekend.Thevacationersalsoreportedtheyspentmoremoneyinvacationmode—about$130comparedto$104.Butitwasn’tthemoneythatboughtthemhappiness.Theresearcherscontrolledfortheamountofmoneybothgroupscouldspend.Thevacationerswerestillhappierthantheoneswhohadexperiencedatypicalweekend.Thereasonthevacationapproachmayhaveworkedwonders:Thevacationmindsetallowspeopletobemoreattentivetothepresentmoment.“We’realwaystryingtogetthroughthingstocheckoffourto-dolistsandtreatingtheweekendlikeavacationpushesusoutofourcontinuous‘doing’mode,”saidCassieHolmes,aprofessoratUCLA’sAndersonSchool.Thestudyshowedthatgettingintoavacationmindsetduringtheweekendisrelativelyeasy.Evenifyoucan’ttaketheentireweekend“off”,youcanmanagetostealapieceoftheweekendtogainthebenefitsofavacationmindset.50.WhatdoestheresearchoftheUCLA’sAndersonSchoolsuggest?___________________________________________________________________________________________________51.Whymaythevacationapproachhaveworkedwonders?___________________________________________________________________________________________________52.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Whentheresearcherscontrolledfortheamountofmoneybothgroupscouldspend,thevacationgroupwasunhappierthantheothergroup.___________________________________________________________________________________________________53.Whatwouldyoudotogetintoavacationmindsetatweekends?Andexplainwhy.(Inabout40words)___________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)54.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。你的英國(guó)朋友Jim被中文老師邀請(qǐng)去家里過(guò)除夕(ChineseNewYear’sEve)，他發(fā)來(lái)郵件詢問(wèn)相關(guān)信息。請(qǐng)你用英文給他回復(fù)，內(nèi)容包括：1.除夕活動(dòng)；2.做客禮儀。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D5.B6.A7.C8.C9.B10.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者不小心打破了一位老婦人的窗戶，作者感到很內(nèi)疚，于是給老婦人送了一封匿名信，信里作者表達(dá)了自己的歉意，且有作者省下來(lái)的七美元，用來(lái)支付打破窗戶的費(fèi)用。但是第二天當(dāng)作者給老婦人送報(bào)紙時(shí)，老婦人給了作者一袋子餅干，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有一封信，信封里有七美元和一張寫著“我問(wèn)你感到驕傲”的便條，原來(lái)老婦人早就知道是作者打破了窗戶?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的目的是看看當(dāng)石頭從屋頂滾落并射入院子時(shí)，它們是如何變成流星的。A.ran跑步；B.jumped跳；C.changed變化；D.added加上。由下文“tofallingstarsastheyrolledofftheroofandshotintotheyard.”可知，作者和朋友扔石頭的目的是想看當(dāng)石頭從屋頂滾落并落入到院子時(shí)，它們是如何變成流星的。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而它太光滑了，所以當(dāng)我扔它時(shí)它從我的手中滑落，它飛向了房子的一扇小窗戶。A.waited等待；B.headed前往；C.looked看；D.called打電話。headfor固定搭配，意為“前往；朝……移動(dòng)/前進(jìn)”，由下文“forasmallwindowofthehouse.”可知，石頭朝房子的已刪窗戶那飛去了。故選B?！?題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：聽(tīng)到玻璃破碎的聲音，我知道我遇到麻煩了。A.introuble有麻煩；B.intears流淚的；C.inrelief如釋重負(fù)；D.indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中。由上文“Hearingthesoundofbreakingglass”和下文“Iwastooscaredaboutgettingcaughtthatnight”可知，作者打破了別人家的窗戶，怕自己被捉到，所以說(shuō)作者知道自己遇到麻煩了。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上我害怕被抓了，根本沒(méi)有去關(guān)心那個(gè)在這么冷的冬天窗戶破了的老太太。A.nervous緊張的；B.careful仔細(xì)的；C.serious嚴(yán)肅的；D.concerned關(guān)心的。由上文“Iwastooscaredaboutgettingcaughtthatnighttobe”和下文“abouttheoldladywiththebrokenwindowinsuchacoldwinter.”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)太害怕了，根本沒(méi)有關(guān)心這么冷的天，這位老太太會(huì)如何度過(guò)，beconcernedabout固定搭配，意為“關(guān)心”。故選D。【5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，幾天后，我開(kāi)始為她的痛苦感到難過(guò)。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.suffering痛苦；C.pressure壓力；D.sadness傷心。由上文“theoldladywiththebrokenwindowinsuchacoldwinter.”可知，作者打破了老太太的窗戶，這么冷的天，老太太肯定會(huì)受凍，由此可知，作者開(kāi)始為她老太太在這么冷的天受苦而感到難過(guò)。故選B。【6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我把錢裝進(jìn)一個(gè)信封，并附上一張紙條，解釋說(shuō)我很抱歉打破了她的窗戶，并希望這七美元足以支付費(fèi)用。A.cover支付；B.cut切；C.raise提高；D.count數(shù)數(shù)。由上文“thesevendollarswouldbeenoughto”和下文“thecost”可知，作者將七美元給老太太，希望能支付自己打破窗戶的費(fèi)用。故選A?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我悄悄走到她家，把那封我沒(méi)有署名的信偷偷地放在她家門口。A.humbly謙虛地；B.painfully痛苦地；C.quietly悄悄地；D.proudly驕傲地。由上文“Iwaiteduntilitwasdark”和下文“puttheletterIdidn’tsigninherdoorinsecret”可知，作者等到天黑時(shí)悄悄地來(lái)到她家，把信悄悄地放在門口。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那一刻，我覺(jué)得我可以再一次有勇氣看向老太太慈祥的眼睛。A.patience耐心；B.desire渴望；C.courage勇氣；D.inspiration靈感。根據(jù)上文“IputthemoneyinanenvelopewithanoteexplainingthatIwassorryforbreakingherwindowandhopedthatthesevendollarswouldbeenoughto____6____thecost.”和“Iwentuptoherhouse____7____andputtheletterIdidn’tsigninherdoorinsecret.”可知，作者之前感到愧疚，但是現(xiàn)在作者為自己所做的錯(cuò)事進(jìn)行了補(bǔ)償，所以覺(jué)得自己再一次有勇氣看向老太太慈祥的眼睛。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，我把報(bào)紙遞給她，并能回報(bào)她溫暖的微笑。A.record記錄；B.return回報(bào)；C.reward酬謝；D.realize意識(shí)到。由下文“Shethankedmeandgavemeabagofcookies.”可知，當(dāng)作者給老太太報(bào)紙時(shí)，她感謝了作者，對(duì)作者回以微笑。故選B。【10題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我打開(kāi)它時(shí)，我驚訝地看到了七美元和一張簡(jiǎn)短的紙條，上面寫著“我為你感到驕傲”。A.eager渴望的；B.excited興奮的；C.stressed有壓力的；D.surprised驚訝的。由下文“toseethesevendollarsandashortnotethatsaid,“I’mproudofyou.””和上文提到作者偷偷地將匿名信和錢給了老太太可知，這封信表明老太太早就知道是作者打破了窗戶，所以作者感到很驚訝。故選D。第二節(jié)選詞填空(共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)【答案】11.represent12.enable13.dueto14.takeadvantageof15.hasanimpacton16.isaddictedto17.dealwith18.madeaneffort19.livesupto20.Ratherthan【11題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：地圖上的紅線代表鐵路。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞represent“代表”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合句意可知，此處應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)Theredlines為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以為動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填represent?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這筆錢可以讓我開(kāi)自己的公司。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞enable“使能夠”，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)enablesbtodosth“使某人能夠做某事”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前would可知，為動(dòng)詞原形。故填enable。【13題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：空氣中的煙霧是由附近森林的野火引起的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為介詞短語(yǔ)dueto“歸因于，由于”，滿足句意要求。故填dueto?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：你應(yīng)該好好利用酒店的健身房和游泳池。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)takeadvantageof“利用”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前should情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可知，為動(dòng)詞原形。故填takeadvantageof?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：一個(gè)人的健康常識(shí)對(duì)他們的生活方式選擇有影響。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)haveanimpacton“對(duì)……有影響”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合句意可知，該句為陳述客觀事實(shí)，為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)One’sgeneralknowledge為不可數(shù)名詞，所以為動(dòng)詞三單形式。故填hasanimpacton?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：蒂姆對(duì)咖啡上癮，早上不喝點(diǎn)咖啡就做不了任何事。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)beaddictedto“沉迷于”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合and連接的can’tdo可知，此處應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填isaddictedto?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：這個(gè)女孩在國(guó)外旅行時(shí)沒(méi)能處理好思鄉(xiāng)的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)dealwith“解決，處理”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前to不定式可知，為動(dòng)詞原形。故填dealwith?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：輸了比賽后，他努力掩飾自己的失望，但我們都從他的臉上看出來(lái)了。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)makeanefforttodo“努力做某事”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合后面動(dòng)詞saw可知，此處應(yīng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填madeaneffort?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們聽(tīng)到了很多關(guān)于這家餐廳的好消息，它的食物也符合我們的期望。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)liveupto“不辜負(fù)”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合句意可知，此處為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)itsfood為不可數(shù)名詞，所以為動(dòng)詞三單形式。故填livesupto?！?0題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：與其整天開(kāi)著車到處找地方停車，你為什么不坐公共汽車進(jìn)城呢？根據(jù)句意可知，此處為固定短語(yǔ)ratherthan“而不是，與其”，滿足句意要求。故填Ratherthan。第三節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面句子，根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式琪空。21.【答案】whose【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：布朗博士是一位資深教授，他的觀點(diǎn)受到廣泛尊重。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這是一個(gè)包含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞為professor，因空白處在從句中作定語(yǔ)，使用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故填whose。22.【答案】cried【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：小女孩因?yàn)閬G了玩具熊而痛哭。分析句子可知，此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的填入，結(jié)合從句動(dòng)詞hadlost可知，此處應(yīng)為描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填cried。23.【答案】wouldhelp【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：湯姆是我的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，他答應(yīng)必要時(shí)他會(huì)幫助我。分析句子可知，此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的填入，由主句動(dòng)詞promised可知，此處也要用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，結(jié)合句意可知，從句表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的事情，用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，為woulddo。故填wouldhelp。24.【答案】amazed【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我們驚訝地看到約翰手術(shù)后這么快就恢復(fù)得這么好。分析句子可知，此處為形容詞amazed“驚訝的”作表語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)beamazedtodo“驚訝于做某事”，滿足句意要求。故填amazed。25.【答案】wasbeingexamined【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)我去醫(yī)院看望他時(shí)，他正在接受醫(yī)生的檢查。分析句子可知，此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的填入，根據(jù)句意以及從句動(dòng)詞went可知，此處應(yīng)表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的事情，為過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)合he和動(dòng)詞examine為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以為過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。故填wasbeingexamined。26.【答案】exciting【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他想象著大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)和生活的種種令人興奮的事情。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞things，表示“令人興奮的”，應(yīng)用-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞exciting。故填exciting。27.【答案】tosolve【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)激烈討論，我們想出了解決資金問(wèn)題的辦法。此處是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞way，thewaytodosth.固定搭配，意為“做某事的方法”，名詞way后應(yīng)用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)，故填tosolve。28.【答案】isheld【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在中國(guó)，當(dāng)嬰兒一個(gè)月大時(shí)，會(huì)舉行滿月儀式來(lái)慶祝。分析句子可知，此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的填入，主語(yǔ)aFullMoonceremony和動(dòng)詞hold為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，構(gòu)成是“be+過(guò)去分詞”，結(jié)合句意以及從句動(dòng)詞is可知，本句描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is。故填isheld。29.【答案】that##which【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他們參觀過(guò)的貧困村的學(xué)校給他們留下了深刻的印象，于是決定幫助他們?！癬_______theyhadvisitedinthepoorvillage”是限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞theschools，指物，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用that/which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故填that/which。30.【答案】tofind【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在進(jìn)步與文化遺址保護(hù)之間找到并保持適當(dāng)?shù)钠胶馐且豁?xiàng)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。itbe+(a/an)+名詞+todosth.固定句型，意為“做某事是（一件）……的事”，it是形式主語(yǔ)，此處應(yīng)用不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)，故