專題04 形容詞-2023年中考英語總復習真題探究與變式訓練（上海專用）（原卷版）

專題04形容詞命題方向重要指數(shù)考向一形容詞用法（掌握點）考向二形容詞原級（?？键c）考向三形容詞比較級（必考點）考向四形容詞最高級（必考點）考向一形容詞用法例1（2022·上海崇明·模擬預測）（形容詞作定語）Duringtheone-hourlesson,Linusedsome________waystoteachushowtoplaytheguitar.A．interest B．interests C．interested D．interesting例2（2022·上海嘉定·九年級期中）（形容詞作表語）Julialooked________whenshefinishedherperformanceandsaidthankstotheaudience.A．happily B．quietly C．lovely D．seriously例3（2022·上海虹口·二模）（形容詞作賓語補足語）Ourmonitorcameupwithanewideaformakingrailtravel________.A．a(chǎn)ttract B．a(chǎn)ttractive C．a(chǎn)ttraction D．a(chǎn)ttractively定義：用來修飾名詞，表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征的詞，叫形容詞。形容詞的作用，見下表：作用例句定語Youcanseealotofbeautifulflowersinthegarden.表語Yourcoatistoosmall.賓語補足語Theoldwomankeepseverythingcleanandtidy.注意：1.有些形容詞只能作表語，如：alone,afraid,asleep等。例如：Don’twakethesleepingbabyup.Heisasleep.Theoldmanisalone.2.形容詞用來修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞，要放在這些詞的后面。例如：You’dbettertellussomethinginteresting.Thepolicefoundnothingstrangeintheroom.3.多個形容詞做定語時排列的先后順序是：1）冠詞或人稱代詞2）數(shù)詞3）性質(zhì)4）大小5）形狀6）表示老少，新舊7）顏色8）事務、質(zhì)地、人的國籍、用途。例如：Hisgrandpastilllivesinthissmallshorthouse.他爺爺還住在這個矮小的房子里。ThewomanboughttwobeautifulChineseplates.那個婦女買了兩個漂亮的中國盤子。4.形容詞名詞化：有些形容詞前加定冠詞后變成名詞，表示一類人，謂語常用復數(shù)。這類詞有：rich/poor;good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white(表示人種等)。例如：Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.年輕人應該好好照顧老人。Therichneverhelpthepoorinthiscountry.在這個國家，富人從來不幫助窮人。5.else要放在疑問代詞或復合不定詞之后。如：Didyouseeanybodyelse?你看到別的人了嗎？【變式1】（2021·上海黃浦·九年級期中）Thesteaksmellsso________thatitshouldbethrownawayatonce.A．bad B．badly C．wonderful D．wonderfully【變式2】（2021·上海市民辦新復興初級中學九年級期中）Theweatherwas_______coldandeverythingseemedtobe_______.A．freezing,frozen B．freezing,freezing C．frozen.frozen D．frozen,freezing【變式3】（2022·上海奉賢·二模）Thebabyfelt_______whilehismotherheldhiminherarms.A．safe B．safely C．safety D．save【變式4】（2022·上海金山·二模）TheSmithsarevery________,theyoftenfeedthehomelesscatsintheirneighbourhood.A．gently B．happily C．friendly D．beautifully【變式5】（2022·上海長寧·二模）Christinewearsareddresstoday.Shelooksas________asaBarbiedoll.A．beautifully B．likely C．lovely D．softly【變式6】（2022·上?！つM預測）Mysisterhasthreepenfriends.Oneis_________,andtheothertwoare_________.A．Japanese;America B．Russian;GermanyC．Canada;Australian D．English;Frenchmen【變式7】（2022·上海崇明·一模）Jacktalkswithhisclientquitepolitelyonthephone,andhisvoicesounds________too.A．friendly B．softly C．safely D．beautifully【變式8】（2022·上海奉賢·一模）Hegrew________afterwaitingatthegateofthecinemaforalmosthalfanhour.A．patient B．patiently C．impatient D．impatiently【變式9】（2022·上海嘉定·一模）Thefamousplayer,Jeff,looked________andheevenagreedtotakepictureswiththefans.A．happily B．gently C．friendly D．beautifully【變式10】（2022·上海楊浦·一模）Atfirst,thestudentsdidn’tseem________withtheirnewteacher.Nowtheylovehislessons.A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．unhappy考向二形容詞原級例1（2022·上海金山·一模）Exercisingintheplaygroundisas________asstudyingintheclassroom.A．important B．moreimportant C．mostimportant D．themostimportant【變式1】（2022·上?！つM預測）Teenagersshoulduseas________electronicproductsaspossibletoprotecttheireyes.A．little B．few C．fewer D．least【變式2】（2022·上海楊浦·一模）Playingvideogamesisnotas________asexercising.A．good B．better C．best D．thebest【變式3】（2022·上海楊浦·三模）Theradioonlyweighsapoundandis______asacigarettepacket.A．small B．a(chǎn)ssmall C．sosmall D．smaller【變式4】（2022·上海嘉定·九年級期中）NowadaysCD-ROMorDVD-ROMisn’tas________ascloudstorage.A．popular B．morepopular C．lesspopular D．themostpopular【變式5】（2022·上海青浦·二模）Thefamousattractionsweren’tas________astheyusedtobe.A．crowded B．morecrowded C．mostcrowded D．themostcrowded考向三形容詞比較級例1（2022·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）（兩者相比較含than）Thisdetectivestoryis_______thantheoneIreadlastnight.A．a(chǎn)ttractive B．moreattractive C．mostattractive D．themostattractive例2（2022·上海楊浦·二模）（兩者相比較語境）Movingtoanewplacemarksaturningpointinmylife.I’mmuch________inmynewschool.A．confident B．moreconfident C．mostconfident D．themostconfident例3（2022·上?！ひ荒＃╰he+比較級）Themorecarefullywelistentoourteacherinclass,________progresswewillmake.A．thegreatest B．thegreater C．greater D．great例4（2021·上海黃浦·九年級期中）（比較級+than+anyother+n）SuBingtian,astherecordholderinthe100mraceinAsia,runsmorequicklythan________inAsiancountries.A．a(chǎn)nyathlete B．a(chǎn)nyotherathletes C．otherathletes D．a(chǎn)nyotherathlete例5（2021·上海市民辦新復興初級中學九年級期中）（比較級的否定表最高級）—DidyouenjoyyourjourneytoHainan?—Yes,Ihaveneverbeentoa_______placebefore.A．beautiful B．mostbeautiful C．morebeautiful D．lessbeautiful例6（2022·上海青浦·一模）（修飾詞）Nowadayswearehavingamuch________lifewiththehelpofsmartphones.A．good B．well C．better D．best1、分類：形容詞有原級、比較級和最高級三級。原級變?yōu)楸容^級和最高級有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。2、規(guī)則變化:(1)單音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)形容詞和副詞,在原級的后面加上er,est構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。a)直接加er,est：b)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的,要雙寫最后一個輔音字母,后加er,est：c)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的,先把y改為i再加上er,est：(2)兩個音節(jié)或兩個以上的音節(jié)的,在原級前加more/most.3、不規(guī)則變化:原級比較級最高級good好的better更好的best最好的well好；(身體)好的,bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身體)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身體)最不舒服的ill(身體)不舒服的many許多的(可數(shù))more更多的；更most最多的；最much許多(不可數(shù))；非常little少的less更少的least最少的far遠的；遠地farther更遠的；更遠地farthest最遠的；最遠地further進一步的(地)furthest最深刻的(地)形容詞的原級、比較級和最高級的用法(1)講述某人/物自身的情況時,用原級?；揪湫褪牵褐髡Z(sb./sth)+謂語動詞+(very/too/so/quite/rather…)+形容詞/副詞原級+….如：Heisveryoldnow.(他現(xiàn)在很老了)Theyranquitefast.(它們跑得相當快)Theweatherlooksratherbad.(天氣看上去相當糟)Iamsohappy!(我是如此的快樂)☆表示兩者之間沒有差別時,使用句型：主語(第一個人物)+謂語動詞+as+形容詞/副詞原級+as+第二個人物+….如：Heisasexcitedashisyoungersister.(他和他妹妹一樣興奮)Lilyrodeherbikeasslowlyasanoldlady.(莉莉騎車像老太太一樣慢)Theypickedasmanyapplesasthefarmers(did).(他們摘的蘋果和農(nóng)民一樣多)☆表示第一個人比不上第二個人時,使用句型：主語(第一個人物)+謂語動詞(否定式)+as/so+形容詞/副詞原級+as+第二個人物+….如：Heisnotso/asexcitedashisyoungersister.(他沒他妹妹那么興奮)Lilydidnotrideherbikesoasslowlyasanoldlady.(莉莉騎車不像老太太那樣慢)Theydidn’tpickso/asmanyapplesasthefarmers(did).(他們摘的蘋果不如農(nóng)民多)講述兩者有差異,第一個人物超過第二個人物時,用比較級?；揪湫停褐髡Z(‘A’)+謂語動詞+(much/alittle/even/still)+形容詞/副詞比較級+than+第二個人物(‘B’)+….如：Amoderntrainismuchfasterthanacar.(現(xiàn)代的火車比轎車快多了)Thisbookdidn’tcostmemorethanthatone.(這本書花費我的錢不比那本多)講述兩者有差異,第一個人物不及第二個人物時,用比較級。句型是：主語(‘A’)+謂語動詞+less+(多音節(jié)形/副)比較級+than+第二個人物(‘B’)+….如：IthinkEnglishislessdifficultthanmaths.(我認為英語不比數(shù)學難)Doyouthinkitlessimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage?(你認為學外語不那么重要嗎？)(3)講述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一個時,用最高級。句型是：主語(sb./sth)+謂語動詞+(the)+形容詞/副詞最高級+in/of….如：TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestinChina.(長江是中國最長的河流)Hejumped(the)highestofthethree(boys).(三個男生中他跳得最高)關(guān)于比較等級的重要注釋：以上六個句型中,如果動詞是及物或不及物動詞,則后面用副詞；如果后面是連系動詞,則后面用形容詞。如：Thiscaristhefastestofthefour.(形容詞)(這輛汽車是四輛之中最快的)Thiscarruns(the)fastestofthefour.(副詞)(這輛汽車是四輛之中跑得最快的)“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。如：Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.(天越來越溫暖了)“the+比較級…,the+比較級…”表示“越…就越…”。如：Themoretreesweplant,thebetteritwillbe.(我們栽的樹越多,情況就會越好)Theharderyoutry,thegreateryourprogressis.(你越是努力,進步就越大)一般的形容詞或副詞的比較級前面可以加much/alittle/even/still,而表示數(shù)量的more之前還可以加some/any/no/one/two/many/several/alot等詞。如：Itismuchcoldertodaythanyesterday.(今天比昨天冷多了)Wouldyoulikesomemorecoffee?(你還要些咖啡嗎？)Hedidnoteatanymore.(他沒有再吃)morethan/lessthan分別可以理解為“多于/少于”,相當于副詞,morethan=over;lessthan=under.IlivedinNewYorkformorethanfourmonths.(我在紐約生活了四個多月)“oneofthe+最高級+名詞(復數(shù))”整個短語為單數(shù)含義,謂語要用單數(shù)形式。Oneoftheoldesthouseshasbeenburntinafire.(最古老的一幢房子在一場大火被燒毀了)“Which/Who+動詞+形/副,□,□or□?”句型中,如果有兩個選項,形/副用比較級,如果有三個選項,形/副用最高級。Whohasmorebooks,LinTaoorHanMei?(林濤和韓梅誰的書最多？)Whichistheheaviest,apig,ahorseoranelephant?(豬、馬、象哪個最重？)上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示兩個事物的詞時,用比較級,而且往往還要加the；含有all/none/noone/every等表示三個或三個以上事物時,用最高級。--Doyoulikethesmallerone?—Neither.(小一點的那個你喜歡嗎？一個都不喜歡)--Whichdoyoulikebest?–Allofthem!(你最喜歡哪個？全部。)【變式1】（2022·上?！ひ荒＃㏕heEnglishCornermakesme_________inspeakingEnglishthanbefore.A．confident B．themostconfidentC．mostconfident D．moreconfident【變式2】（2022·上?！つM預測）TheweatherinShanghaiischangeablethisspring.Itseemsmuch________tocatchacold.A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．moreeasily【變式3】（2022·上海黃浦·二模）RachelWhite,aladyinherearlysixties,looksmuch________forherage.A．young B．younger C．youngest D．theyoungest【變式4】（2022·上海虹口·二模）Itismuch________toshoponlinewiththehelpoftrustworthyApps.A．convenient B．moreconvenientC．mostconvenient D．mostconveniently【變式5】（2022·上海浦東新·二模）Themoretimeyouwasteonthegames,the________youwillachieve.A．much B．more C．little D．less【變式6】（2022·上海黃浦·二模）TheAppleiPhone13proMaxcoststoomuch.Iwouldliketobuya________one.A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．thecheapest【變式7】（2022·上海徐匯·二模）Heoftenhasalotofmeateveryday,butIhavealotofvegetableseveryday.Sohisdietis________mine.A．a(chǎn)shealthyas B．healthierthan C．lesshealthythan D．a(chǎn)sunhealthyas【變式8】（2022·上?！つM預測）Themorerelaxedyouare,________youwillperformwhenyoutaketheinterview.A．thegood B．thewell C．thebetter D．thebest【變式9】（2022·上海·模擬預測）—Ieat________meatand________vegetablesthanIdidlastyear.—That’swhyyou’regettingfatter.A．less;fewer B．more;fewer C．less;more D．many;much【變式10】（2022·上?！つM預測）Stevenlookedoutofthewindowandfoundtherainwasmuch________.A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．theheaviest考向四形容詞最高級例1（2022·上海黃浦·一模）（形容詞最高級變化規(guī)則）ThecityofChennaihasseenseverefloodingafterits_________rainfallsince2015.A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．theheaviest例2（2022·上?！つM預測）（the+最高級+范圍）OurPEteacheralwaysmakesusrelaxed,heis________teacherI’veevermet.A．mosthumorous B．morehumorous C．themosthumorous D．a(chǎn)humorous例3（2022·上海奉賢·九年級期中）（oneofthe+最高級+名詞復數(shù)）ForforeignerswhoareinterestedinChinesegardens,Suzhouisoneof______placestovisit.A．a(chǎn)ttractive B．moreattractive C．mostattractive D．themostattractive例4（2022·上海嘉定·二模）（序數(shù)詞+最高級）Hansisthesecond_______boyinhisclass.A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．thetallest【變式1】（2022·上海普陀·九年級期中）Myparents’bedroomis_________amongalltheroomsinourhouse.A．bright B．brighter C．brightest D．thebrightest【變式2】（2022·上海奉賢·九年級期中）TangshanEarthquakeis_______filmIhaveeverseen.A．great B．greater C．greatest D．thegreatest【變式3】（2021·上海黃浦·九年級期中）Accordingtothelatestrankinglist,TsinghuaandPekinguniversitiesmark________positioneverachievedbyChinesemainlanduniversities.A．high