2022高考仿真模擬卷04（解析版） （全國卷專用）

【贏戰(zhàn)高考】備戰(zhàn)2022年高考英語仿真模擬卷（全國卷專用）04卷（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項：1.本試卷共24頁，全卷滿分150分，回答時間為120分鐘；2.答卷前，務(wù)必將答題卡上密封線內(nèi)的各項目填寫清楚；3.本試卷由選擇題和非選擇題兩大部分組成。選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂，非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆書寫，涂寫要工整、清晰；4.考試結(jié)束，監(jiān)考員將試題卷、答題卡一并收回。第I卷（選擇題共100分）第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．WhatdoesthewomanthinkofBob?A．Honest.B．Helpful.C．Troublesome.2．Howarethespeakersgoingtowork?A．Bytaxi.B．Bybus.C．Bysubway.3．Wherewillthewomanlivenextyear?A．Outsidetheschool.B．Inthedormitory.C．Unknown.4．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Husbandandwife.B．Employerandemployee.C．Waiterandcustomer.5．Howmuchshouldthewomanpay?A．$20.B．$72.C．$90.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A．Makesomecopies.B．Buyacopymachine.C．Usethewashingmachine.7．Howcanthewomanlearntousethemachine?A．Byreadingapostonline.B．Bylearningfromtheman.C．Byreadingtheinstructionsherself.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．WhatdoesRichardplantododuringthesummervacation?A．Starthisownbusiness.B．Workinhisfather'sfirm.C．Washdishesinarestaurant.9．WhatdoesRichardsuggestthewomando?A．Findthemissingstudents.B．Helpchildrenwiththeirstudy.C．Designadvertisementsforanewspaper.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whoisprobablytheman?A．Adoctor.B．Apassenger.C．Ataxidriver.11．Whyisthemanaskingforhelp?A．Becauseawomanisseriouslyill.B．Becauseawomanhasbeenattacked.C．Becauseawomanislostonthehighway.12．Whatshouldthemandonext?A．Staywiththewoman.B．Asksomeoneelseforhelp.C．Movethewomantoasaferplace.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Atagarage.B．Inarestaurant.C．Inthewoman'soffice.14．Whereisthegaragementionedbytheman?A．Neartheman'shome.B．Nearthewoman'sflat.C．Besidethehighway.15．Whatdayisittoday?A．Friday.B．Saturday.C．Sunday.16．Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A．Themantoldthewomanalie.B．Theman'scarbrokedownhalfway.C．Thewomanforgavethemanfinally.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatdoesthespeakerdo?A．Alawyer.B．Amovieproducer.C．Aradioannouncer.18．WhatdidBillyWilderfirstdoafterleavingschool?A．Hebecameareporter.B．Hebeganmakingmovies.C．HewrotemoviesinGermany.19．HowmanyOscarawardsdidBillyWilderwin?A．Two.B．Six.C．Fifteen.20．HowoldwasBillyWilderwhenhedied?A．50.B．80.C．95.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。A[2022·江西省部分省級示范性重點中學(xué)高三聯(lián)考]Bruges,BelgiumIfyou'veseenthemovieInBruges,youprobablyknowalittlebitaboutthiscity.AndeventhoughColinFarrell'scharacterkeepssayingit'sboring,youcan'tdenythebeautyofthismedievalcity.TheGothicarchitectureisjustmesmerizing,allthoseprettybuildingswrappedinvinesthatbecomeallshadesofcrimsoninthefall—it'safeastforyoureyes.Andthecanals,youhavetotakeaboatridethroughthecanalswhenyou'rethere—it'sincredible.Plus,theyhavethemostcharmingopenairmarketsthatworkallthewayuntiltheendofNovember,andit'salsoagreatopportunitytotastethebesthotchocolateyou'lleverhaveinyourlife.Piedmont,ItalyIfyoulikewineandgoodfood,autumnisyourpeakseasonforvisitingItaly.FallisvineyardharvesttimesodefinitelygotoPiedmont.Theyalsohavelotsofdifferentfoodfestivalsintheautumnhere,soifyouwanttotrysomemushroomsortruffles,chestnutsorchocolate,Italyiswaitingforyouthisfall.LoireValley,FranceForthoseofyouwhowanttowitnessthecolorfuldisplaysofautumnwithaglassofwineinyourhand,LoireValleyisyourbestdestination.ThisregionofFranceisfamousforitsvineyardsandlateOctoberisthepeakseasonifyouwanttoseeallthevineyardsinablazeofred,orangeandgoldenhues.It'strulyasighttobehold.Amsterdam,theNetherlandsAmsterdamisbeautifulatanytimeoftheyear,butthere'sjustsomethingincrediblyromanticandpicturesqueaboutgoingonabikerideinAmsterdamintheautumn.Allthebeautifultreescoveredinredandorangeleaves,themazeofcanalsreflectingthegoldenraysofthesun,beautifulandcharmingarchitectureofthehousesthatstandalongsidethecanalslookabitmagicalinthefall.21．Inhowmanyplacescanyouenjoywineaccordingtothepassage?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.22．WhatcanvisitorstasteinbothBrugesandPiedmont?A．Truffles.B．Mushrooms.C．Chocolate.D．Chestnuts.23．Whichactivitycanbeincludedtoyourautumntrip?A．VisitmanyhistoricsitesinPiedmont.B．WatchthemovieInBrugesinBelgium.C．TakeaboatridethroughthecanalsinAmsterdam.D．GetthebestviewofthevineyardsinLoireValleyinlateOctober.B[2022·西安高三第一學(xué)期自主復(fù)習(xí)檢測試題]Ingeneral,therichesofthenaturalworldaren'tspreadevenlyacrosstheglobe.PlacesliketheTropicalAndesinSouthAmericaaresimplypackedwithuniquespecies,manyofwhichcan'tbefoundinanyotherplaces.Untilrecently,themainexplanationforthebiologicalrichesconcentratedinplacesliketheAmazonBasinwasthatsuchplacesmustbeenginesofbiodiversity,withnewspeciesevolvingatafasterratethanotherpartsoftheworld.Butnow,newresearchonbirdevolutionmayturnthatassumptiononitshead,insteadsupportingtheideathatareaswithfewerspeciesactuallytendtoproducenewspeciesfaster.Theresearcherssaythesebiodiversity“coldspots”aregenerallyfoundinenvironmentsfeaturingfreezing,dryandunstableconditions.Thoughtheresearchersfoundtheselocationswithfewbirdspeciestendtoproducenewonesathighrates,theyfailtoaccumulatemanyspeciesbecausetheunstableconditionsfrequentlymakethenewlifeformsdieout.Themorewell-known“hotspots”，bycontrast,haveaccumulatedtheirlargenumbersofspeciesbybeingwarm,hospitableandrelativelystable.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatthecountlessbirdspeciesthatcalltheAmazonhometendtobeolderinevolutionaryterms.“NewspeciesdoforminplacesliketheAmazon,justnotasfrequentlyasinthedrygrasslandsintheAndes，”saysElizabeth,anevolutionarybiologistattheUniversityofTennessee.Theresearchersmanagedtocollect1，940samplesrepresenting1，287ofthe1，306birdspeciesfromSouthAmerica.Theiranalysisshowedthatthebestpredictorofwhetheranareawouldproducenewspeciesatahighratewashowmanyspecieslivedthere,ratherthanclimateorgeographicfeatureslikemountains.Species-richareastendedtoproducenewspeciesmoreslowly.“Maybebadenvironmentsgeneratenewspeciesmorefrequentlybecausethere'slesscompetitionandmoreavailableopportunitiesfornewspecies，”saysGustavoBravo,aleadresearcher.Thestudy'sfindingsaddnewurgencytoprotectecosystemsthatmaylookbarren,__butmayactuallybenature'shothousesfortheevolutionofnewspecies.24．WhyisSouthAmericamentionedinthefirstparagraph?A．Tomakeacomparison.B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Toexplainafact.D．Todrawaconclusion.25．Whatdeterminestherisingrateofnewspeciesinaplace?A．Thenumberofitsthenspecies.B．Theenvironmenttheylivedin.C．Thesurvivalskillsofspecies.D．Thedifferentbiologicalfactors.26．Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“barren”inthelastparagraph?A．Dryandbare.B．Livelyandactive.C．Niceandgreen.D．Complexandunpredictable.27．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TropicalareasarehometolargenumbersofspeciesB．NewspeciesprefertoliveintheextremeclimateC．HarshenvironmentsposeagreaterthreattospeciesD．TheworseecosystemmaygivebirthtonewspeciesfasterC[2022·豫北名校聯(lián)考高三上學(xué)期定位考試]ThatyoungstersweregluedtoonlinegamesontheirsmartphoneswasagreatconcernforNgurangMeena,aschoolteacherinNirjuli.The30-year-oldsocialscienceteacher,whorantheNgurangLearningInstitute,anadultliteracycentre,saidthatshefeltdisheartenedwhenshereadstudentpapers.“Thegraphofstudentperformanceisfallingeveryyear.ItbreaksmyheartwheneverIseeanswersheets—basicgrammarskillsaremissingandthere'sanabsenceofanycohesive(連貫的)expression.Theylackguidanceandtheirreadingcultureisalmostzero，”Meenasaid.Whenherschoolandthecentresheranhadtocloseduetoinfectiousdiseases,sheplannedtodosomethingtoaddresstheproblem.InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNirjulionAugust30th,2020,wherepassers-bycouldspendtimereading.Theselectionsincludedmotivationalbooks,biographiesandnovelsaswellascomicsforyoungchildren.“Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositandread,butthatisokay，”shelaughed.Meena'sbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswhospenthoursinthereadingcorner.Withintwomonths,hereffortbecamethetalkofthetown.Now,generouscontributionsofbookscomeinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceivingrequeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate,includingoneinthecapital,Itanagar.Sincethetinylibrariesarefarfromthemaintown,shealsolendsbooksouttothosewhowanttoreadathome.“Ineverthoughtthatthiswouldbecomesuchabiginspiration，”Meenasaid.“Sincechildhood,wehavebeentoldthatbooksareourbestfriends.Thenextgenerationofkidsisfocusedongamesandotherthings.Idon'twantthemtoheadonthewrongtrack，”sheadded.28．What'stheaimofMeena'sreadingprogram?A．Tocareforyoungsterslackinginreading.B．Tohelpadultslearnsomecohesiveexpression.C．TokeepNgurangLearningInstituterunningwell.D．Tohighlighttheimportanceofreadingforadults.29．WhatdidMeenadotoencourageyoungkidstoreadmore?A．Sheofferedsomerewardstothem.B．Sheprovidedthemwithtransportation.C．Shechosenovelswithbeautifulcovers.D．Sheselectedbookscoveringeverycategory.30．WhichwordscanbestdescribeMeena'slibraries?A．Smallanduseless.B．Influentialandmeaningful.C．Largebutimpractical.D．Widespreadbutunwelcome.31．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Books:SourcesofKnowledgeB．TheRoadsideReadingCornerC．TheLibrary:anIdealplacefortheYoungD．NewIdeasaboutSettingaReadingPlanD[2022·沈陽市高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(三)]Constantlyforcingknowledgeandexperiencesintoyourbrainmayseemlikethequickestpathtoself-improvement.Butsometimesthebestthingyoucandoforyourbrainisabsolutelynothingatall.Payinglessattentiontosurroundings—whetherbyshowering,pullingweeds,orpettingadog—providesanopportunityforwhatpsychologistscallwakefulrest.It'satimewhenyoucanputimmediatetasksasidelikehowtomeettheworkdeadlineandinsteadfocusoncurrentfeelings,reflectonthepast,andthinkaboutthefuture.Intheblankness,MRI(核磁共振成像)brainimagingshowsaharmonyofgraymattercalledthedefaultmodenetwork(默認模式網(wǎng)絡(luò))takescontrol.Neuroscientists(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家)stilldon'tcompletelyunderstandhowthissystemworks,buttheythinkitconnectsharmoniouspartsofourbrains,whichcanhelpusfindmeaninginourmessylives.“Thisblanknessmightalsoreduceanxiety,boostcreativity,andimprovememory，”saysMaryHelenImmordino-Yang,aneuroscientistattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia'sBrainandCreativityInstitute.Thetroubleis,thebattleoflifeleaveslittleroomtoletyourmindwander.Manyspendtheirfreetimeconsumingentertainment.Itmayfeelrelaxingbutrequiresbrainpowertoenjoy.Fortunately,therearewaystoencourageyourresting-statenetworktotakeover：FINDYOURJOYCasualhobbiesthataretotallydifferentfromyourdayjobcanhelppreventout-of-officeanxiety.GETAWAYNewsurroundingsgiveyourbrainabreakfromenvironmentalcues,likethesightofyourdeskandlaptopthattellittowork.SWITCHOFFInformationcanbetooattractivetoignore.Turningoffanyandalldeviceshelpsmaintainrelaxationmode.32．Whatis“wakefulrest”accordingtothepsychologistsinthetext?A．Itisatimetopaylessattentiontosurroundings.B．Itisasystemtotakecontrol.C．Itisastatetoconcentrate.D．Itisanopportunitytowork.33．Inwhataspectcanthisblanknessbenefitus?A．Promotingcreativity.B．Managingmoods.C．Removinganxiety.D．Controllingbrains.34．Whichactivitydoestheauthorsuggesttoastressfulsoftwareengineer?A．Workingonhisdeskinanewoffice.B．Playinghisfavoritecomputergames.C．Doingsomegardeninginthebackyard.D．Developingasoftwarewithcolleagues.35．Wherecanweprobablyreadthetext?A．Abookreview.B．Asciencejournal.C．Aguidebook.D．Afilmposter.第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。[2022·豫北名校聯(lián)考高三上學(xué)期定位考試]Arepeoplelessormorehappywhentheygetolder?Astudyin2018foundthatpeoplegenerallybecamehappierandexperiencedlessworryaftertheageof50.Infact,itfoundthatbytheageof85,peoplewerehappierwiththeirlifethantheywereat18.ArthurStoneintheDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralScienceatStonyBrookUniversityinNewYorkledthestudy.Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerethehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.__36__．Happinesswasthehighestamongtheyoungestadultsandthoseintheirearly70's.Butthepeopleleastlikelytoreportfeelingnegativeemotionswerethoseintheir70'sand80's.Thesurveyalsofoundthatmenandwomenhadsimilaremotionalpatternsastheygrewolder.__37__Theresearchersalsoconsideredpossibleinfluenceslikehavingyoungchildren,beingunemployedorbeingsingle.Buttheyfoundthatinfluenceslikethesedidnotaffectthelevelsofhappinessandwell-beingrelatedtoage._38__Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegetolder,theybecomemorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.Theyalsospendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.__39__Inanotherstudy,peopleintheir80'sreportedthefewestproblemswiththequalityoftheirsleep.Theoriginalgoalwastoconfirmthepopularbeliefthatagingisconnectedwithincreasedsleepproblems.__40__Butexceptforthat,peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepqualityimprovedastheygotolder.A．Sowhywillhappinessincreasewithage?B．Researcherssurveyedmorethan150，000Americanadults.C．Atthattime,thepeoplewerebetweentheageof18and25.D．Stresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheir50's.E．Happinessisnottheonlythingthatapparentlyimproveswithage.F．Thesurveydidfindanincreaseduringmiddleage,especiallyinwomen.G．However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmen.第三部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出適合填入對應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。[2022·豫北聯(lián)考高三上學(xué)期考試]Actsofkindnessarewonderfulinsomanyways.They__41__therecipientandthey'realsoagreatreminderofallthe__42__actsthataretakingplaceintheworld.WiththemediafullofCOVID-19-related__43__,theseselflessactsareincreasinglyimportant.Thiswasjustthe__44__whenSteveFarmersharedarecentupliftingeventonhissocialmediapagethat__45__him.Farmerpostedhowhe'dgonetoworkafterthequarantine(檢疫隔離期)wasliftedandhadforgottenhisworkpass.__46__,hehadtolockhisbikejustoutsideanundergroundstationnexttohisoffice.Whenhereturnedforhis__47__intheevening,hejustfoundthathislockhadbeencutandthatthebikewas__48__.TheLondonworkerthoughthe'dnever__49__hisbikeagain.However,ashewenttoaskatthestationaboutanypotential__50__thathadfilmedtherobbery,arailworker,AbdulMuneeb,rushedovertohimandaskedhimtounlockthe__51__bikelocktoprovehewasthe__52__.FarmerthenexplainedhowMuneebsaid“Ihaveyourbike”witha__53__hewouldneverforget.Withthelockundone,MuneebtoldFarmerhowhe'd__54__someonecuttingthebikelockearlieronduringhisshift.Hestoppedthemanfrom__55__thebikeandthenwheeledittoa__56__place.Muneeb__57__fourhoursafterhisshifthadendedsohecouldseethebike__58__toitsrightfulowner.AsFarmerquite__59__posted,“TheworldneedsmoreAbduls,whoisalegend(傳奇人物)ofamananda__60__tohisemployer.”41．A.introduceB．challengeC．teachD．benefit42．A.selfishB．honestC．kindD．shy43．A.booksB．newsC．magazinesD．requirements44．A.caseB．a(chǎn)dviceC．chanceD．change45．A.leftoutB．turneddownC．happenedtoD．a(chǎn)ccountedfor46．A.ByaccidentB．AsaresultC．AtlastD．Inreturn47．A.bikeB．officeC．lockD．key48．A.dirtyB．uglyC．completeD．missing49．A.sendB．fixC．buyD．see50．A.lightsB．computersC．camerasD．phones51．A.beautifulB．brokenC．cheapD．new52．A.ownerB．workerC．policemanD．thief53．A.greetingB．kissC．smileD．sigh54．A.imaginedB．a(chǎn)ppreciatedC．enjoyedD．spotted55．A.assessingB．stealingC．watchingD．polishing56．A.safeB．dangerousC．remoteD．crowded57．A.ranB．waitedC．a(chǎn)pologizedD．escaped58．A.soldB．donatedC．returnedD．thrown59．A.curiouslyB．unwillinglyC．casuallyD．rightly60．A.creditB．riskC．shameD．secret第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題共50分）第三部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在答題卡相應(yīng)位置處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。[2022·南昌市第三次模擬]BorninChinain1911,QianXuesenmajoredinrailwayengineeringatJiaotongUniversityinShanghaibutswitchedtoaeronautics(航空學(xué))in193561.________hecametotheUnitedStatestopursuegraduatestudies.He62.________(earn)amaster'sdegreein1936fromMITandthenaPhDin1939.Shortlythereafter,heworkedinAmericaandplayedacontributingroleintheAmericanspaceprogram.In1950,63.________(he)requestforreturningtoChinawasdenied.Eventually,heleftwithhisfamilyforChinain1955asaresultofdiplomaticnegotiationsinGeneva.UponhisreturntoChina,Qian64.________(appoint)asdirectoroftheInstituteofMechanicsintheChineseAcademyofSciencesinBeijing.Inthelate1950sandearly1960s,hehelpedChinaconductthefirsttestofanatomic(原子的)bomb65.________(deliver)byamediumandshortrangemissilein1966.Hefurthermorecontributed66.________Chinalaunchingitsfirstsatellitein1970.Inhislateryears,QianwasalsocreditedinChinafor67.________(provide)criticalsupportforthehumanspaceflightprogramwhenitfacedcutbacks.Hewas68.________(especial)influentialinhispromotionofsystemsengineeringinaerospace(航空航天)projectsandother69.________(area)untilhisdeathin2009.Qianisregardedas70.________pioneeringandfoundationalfigureinthehistoryofChina'sspaceprogram.第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）短文改錯（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）假如英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處錯誤。要求你在錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線（）,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯誤及修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。[2022·長春市高三質(zhì)量預(yù)測四]DearAlice，Howiseverythinggoing?I'msohappilytoknowthatyouareinterestinginChinesetraditionalarts.Tohaveabetterunderstanding,you'dbettertolearnsomethingabouttheChineseNewYearpainting,whichistheprettygoodchoice.ItisknowntousChinesepeoplewouldliketoputuppicturestocelebratetheSpringFestival.ChineseNewYearpaintingscovervarioussubject,suchashistoricalstories,harvests,flowersandbirds.Sinceyouaregoodatpainting,Ibelievedyoucanlearnabouttheartveryquick.YouwillalsoknowmoreaboutChineseculture,andimprovemydrawingskills.I'mlookingforwardtoseeyousooninChina.Yours，LiHua第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）[2022·云南師大附中熱身考試]假定你是李華，你在本市的外國朋友Chris打算周末去參觀當(dāng)?shù)氐臍v史博物館，向你咨詢相關(guān)情況。請你給他回一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．博物館的位置；2．交通路線；3．注意事項。注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：健康綠碼healthQRcodeDearChris，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________詳解答案第一部分：聽力聽力原文聽力材料Text1M:Sue,whatdoyouthinkofournewmonitorBob?W:Tobehonest,thoughheisverybusy,healwayshelpsuswheneverweareintrouble.Text2W:Oh,no.We'regoingtobelateforwork.M:Don'tworry.We'lltakeataxi.It'sfasterthantakingthebusorthesubway.Text3M:Haveyoudecidedwhethertorentaroomoutsidenextyearortostayinthedormitory?W:Wearestilltalkingaboutit.Text4W:Pleaseshowmethemenu.M:OK,hereyouare.CanItakeyourordernow?W:Yes,I'dlikeanItaliansouptostartwithandthensomefriednoodles.Text5W:Howmuchistheshirt?M:It's90dollars.W:Canyougivemeadiscount?M:20percentisthebestdiscountIcanoffer.Text6M:WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Iwouldliketousethecopymachine.M:Themachineisoverthere.W:DoIhavetopaytousethemachine?M:Yes.W:Howmuch?M:Youneedtopaytencentsforacopy.W:Couldyoushowmehowtouseit?M:Theinstructionsarepostedonit.It'seasyforyoutouseafterreading.W:Thankyou.Text7W:Richard,whatareyougoingtododuringthesummervacation?M:IthinkIwillworkinthefamilybusiness.Myfatherrunsasmallbuildingfirm.W:Youarelucky.Ihaven'tfoundajobyet.M:Findingaproperjobisbecomingmoreandmoredifficult.W:Iftheworstcomestotheworst,IthinkI'llbeadishwasher.M:Youcanteachchildrenhowtostudyandhelpthem.W:HowcanIdothat?M:Youcanputanadvertisementinthelocalnewspapertofindsomepupilsorhighschoolstudents.W:OK,I'lltry.Text8W:Hello.Thisistheemergency911operator.M:Help!Help!Pleasehelpme!W:Yes,sir.Pleasecalmdownandexplainexactlywhatishappening.M:Mycar'sparkedonthehighway.Ihavealadypassenger,andshe'sseriouslyill.Ithinkshe'ssufferingaheartattack.W:Relax,sir.Canyoutellmeexactlywhereyouare?M:I'm...I'monthesouthlineofthe3rdHighway,about15milesfromtheMoonlightAvenueexit.Hmm,IseeMcDonald's.W:OK.Pleasetellmeyournameandyourpassenger's.M:I'mDon,andIhavenoideaofthewoman.She'snotconsciousenoughtotellme.W:I'vejustsentanambulancetoyourlocation.Itshouldbetheresoon.M:IsthereanythingIcandowhilewaitinghere?W:Yes,juststaywithheranddon'tmoveher.Text9M:I'mterriblysorrythatI'mlate.W:I'vebeenwaitingforyouforoveranhour.Mytimeisn'treallyimportant,isit?M:Justletmeexplain.ItriedtogethereontimebutjustafterIlefthome,thecarbrokedown.W:Thecarbrokedown?M:Yes,and...well,luckilythereisagaragenearby.Andittookawhiletorepairthecar.W:Whydidn'tyouphoneme?M:Ireallywantedto!ButIforgottotakemycellphoneandIdon'trememberyourphonenumber.W:Isee.Whichgarage,bytheway?M:Uh...theonenearmyflat.Youknow,LewisBrothers'.W:Yes,Iknowthegarage.It'stheonlyonenearyourflat.M:Hmm.Wellnow,let'sordersomethingtoeat.W:Apity.ItisSunday.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:ThatgarageisclosedonSunday.Text10M:Hello,everyone!WelcometotheVOASpecialEnglishprogram.I'mSteveEmber.TodaywewilltellyouaboutBillyWilder,directorofsomeofthegreatestAmericanmovies.HeisoftencalledthebestmoviemakerHollywoodhaseverhad.BillyWilderwasborninJune,1906.HisbirthplaceisnowpartofPoland.HismotherhadenjoyedspendingseveralyearsintheUnitedStates.SoshecalledhimBillybecauseshethoughtitsoundedAmerican.BillyWilderstartedlawschoolinVienna,Austria.Thenhedecidednottobecomealawyer.Instead,hebeganreportingforaViennanewspaper.Inthe1920s,hewaswritingmoviesinGermany.Betweenthemid-1930sandthe1980s,BillyWildermadealmostfiftymovies.HewonsixOscarawards.Inhislovestories,BillyWilderdidnotfollowtheHollywoodtraditionofboy-meets-girlsituations.Hehadanunusualwayofshowingrelationsbetweenmenandwomen.WilderdiedinMarch,2002.AcurrentHollywoodproducersaid,“BillyWildermademoviesthatpeoplewillneverforget.”答案：1－5BACCB6－10ACBBC11－15AABAC16－20ACABC第二部分：閱讀理解第一節(jié)A語篇類型：應(yīng)用文主題語境：人與社會——旅游——值得一游的四個地方【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了值得一游的四個地方——比利時的布魯日、意大利的皮德蒙特、法國的盧瓦爾河谷、荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹，重點介紹了這四個地區(qū)的景色特點。21．答案與解析：B考查理解具體信息的能力。由題干關(guān)鍵詞wine定位至第二段第一句“Ifyoulikewine...forvisitingItaly”和第三段第一句“Forthoseofyou...withaglassofwineinyourhand，LoireValleyisyourbestdestination”，據(jù)此可知，在這四個地方中人們可以在意大利皮德蒙特和法國盧瓦爾河谷品嘗葡萄酒，故B項正確。22．答案與解析：C考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段尾句中的“andit'salsoagreatopportunitytotastethebesthotchocolate”可知，在比利時的布魯日可以品嘗到熱巧克力；根據(jù)第二段尾句中的“soifyouwanttotrysomemushroomsortruffles,chestnutsorchocolate，Italyiswaitingforyouthisfall”可知，人們可以在意大利皮德蒙特品嘗到蘑菇或松露，栗子或巧克力。據(jù)此可知，在這兩個地方人們都能品嘗到巧克力。故C項正確。23．答案與解析：D考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，十月下旬是觀賞盧瓦爾河谷葡萄園的最佳季節(jié)，故D項正確。其他三項文中未提及。B語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與自然——研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——生態(tài)環(huán)境惡劣的地方產(chǎn)生新物種的速度更快【語篇解讀】本文主要講述南美亞馬孫盆地的環(huán)境有利于新物種的生存，但產(chǎn)生新物種的速度較慢。然而，一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，惡劣的環(huán)境更易產(chǎn)生新物種，但因環(huán)境不穩(wěn)定，無法維持物種的發(fā)展。這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)呼吁人們保護那些看起來貧瘠，但實際上可能是新物種進化的自然溫室的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。24．答案與解析：B考查推斷的能力。第一段講到南美洲物種豐富，人們認為是物種進化快的結(jié)果。但是新研究卻認為物種少的地方產(chǎn)生新物種的速度更快。由此可知，提到南美洲是為了引出話題，提出新研究的觀點。故B項正確。25．答案與解析：A考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“areaswithfewerspeciesactuallytendtoproducenewspeciesfaster”并結(jié)合第四段中的“thebestpredictor...slowly”可知，新物種出現(xiàn)的速度是由該地當(dāng)時物種的多少決定的。故A項正確。26．答案與解析：A考查理解詞匯的能力。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“但實際上可能是新物種進化的自然溫室”可知，畫線詞在邏輯上應(yīng)與此相反。故A項正確。barren“貧瘠的；不毛的”。27．答案與解析：D考查理解文章主旨要義的能力。文章第一段尾句提出了新研究的觀點：物種較少的地區(qū)實際上往往會更快地產(chǎn)生新物種。結(jié)合第五段中的“Maybebadenvironmentsgeneratenewspeciesmorefrequently”可知，本文主要講述物種稀少、環(huán)境惡劣的地區(qū)產(chǎn)生新物種的速度往往更快。故D項正確。C語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——社會服務(wù)——開設(shè)讀書角【語篇解讀】一位名叫Meena的女教師發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們?nèi)狈﹂喿x后，決定開設(shè)一個路邊的讀書角，以激勵他們多讀書。28．答案與解析：A考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theyl