2023年高一英語練手卷 第二卷（解析版）

第二卷2023年高一英語假期練手卷（解析版）第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inanice-creamshop. B．Atarestaurant. C．Inasupermarket.【答案】B【原文】M:I’llhavethesteak,Frenchfries,andletmesee,strawberryicecreamfordessert.W:Oh,no,toomuchfat,sugarandcalory.Youknowthesethingswillruinyourhealth.Howaboutorderingsomevegetablesandfruitinstead?2．Whatwillthespeakersdothisweekend?A．Gotoanewrestaurant.B．WatchaFrenchmovie.C．Stayathome.【答案】A【原文】W:Let’sgosomewherespecialthisweekend,Harry!Wealwaysstayathome.M:IlikewatchingTVathome.Butwecangooutifyouwant.Maria,let’seatatthenewFrenchrestaurantdowntown.W:Great!3．Whatarethespeakersdoing?A．Playingagame. B．Planningagame. C．Watchingagame.【答案】A【原文】W:Thistime,Iwillgofirst.Youwentfirstthepasttwotimes.M:ButIalsowonthelasttwogames.Playthegamefairly!4．Wherewillthegirleatbreakfast?A．Attheschoolcafe. B．Atthelibrary. C．Athome.【答案】A【原文】M:I’mgoingtomakebreakfastforus.Doyouwanttoeatapancakeorbeefburger?W:Thanks,Dad.ButI’minahurry.Ihavetomeetmyfriendatthelibraryinanhour.I’llgetaquickbreakfastattheschoolcafe.5．Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Bossandclerk（職員）. B．Teacherandstudent. C．Motherandson.【答案】A【原文】M:Ihopeyoucanunderstandmyreasonsfordecidingtoleave,Mrs.Harrison.W:DoIhavetoremindyouthatwehaveinvestedalotoftimeandmoneyinyourworkhere？第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你將時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的做答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6．Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A．Cleanthestreet.B．Pickupmedicineforher.C．Givehersomehelp.7．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Doctorandpatient. B．Friends. C．Strangers.【答案】6．C7．C【原文】W:Hello,youngman.Beagoodboyandhelpanoldwomancrossthestreet,wouldyou?M:Ofcourse,madam.I’dbegladto.W:Thankyou.I’mafraidtheselegsdon’tmoveasfastastheyusedto.M:Well,Ithinkyou’relookingveryhealthy.Bytheway,whereareyougoingtoday?W:Oh,I’mjustgoingtothedrugstoreoverthere.I’vegottopickupmedicineformyhusband.M:Well,I’llwaitforyououtsidethedrugstoreandhelpyoubackacrossthestreetwheneveryou’reready.W:Youaresokind!聽下面一段長對(duì)話，回答小題。8．WhatdidthewomanlikeaboutIreland?A．Thelocalpeople. B．Thecostoftravel. C．Theweather.9．What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Familymembers. B．Goodfriends. C．Guideandtourist.【答案】8．A9．B【原文】M:It’sbeenawholeyearsinceourlongtourofIreland.Shouldwegobackthereagainforholiday,Kelly?W:ItwaswaytoorainyandcoldwhenwewereinIreland,andthetripcostmealot.Thepeoplethereweresofriendly,though!M:Thenlet’sjustgetourfriendstogetherandgotothebeach.W:Yes,itwouldbeeasiernottotaketimeofffromwork.M:I’mnotworkingnow,butmyfamilywouldprefermenottotravelfarawayandsavemoney.W:Great.Ifwegetagroupofourfriendstogether,wecansharethecostanditwon’tbeexpensive.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話,回答以下小題。10．Whatdidthemandolastnight?A．Hevisitedafriend.B．Hewenttoaparty.C．Hewatchedatable-tennisgame.11．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthegame?A．Exciting. B．Boring. C．Interesting.12．Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A．Hedoesn’twanttowatchgamesonTV.B．Heregretsmissingthegame.C．Heisquiteatable-tennisfan.【答案】10．B11．A12．B【原文】W:Hey,didyouwatchthewomen’stable-tennissinglesfinalonTVlastnight?M:Table-tennis?W:China’sSunYingshaVS.ChenMeng.M:OhmyGod!Iforgotit!Iwenttoapartywithafriendthen.W:It’sreallyapity!Thatwasabigmatch.M:Well,whatwasthescore?W:Chenwasleading4:2.M:Great!Itmustbeanexcitinggame!W:Ithinkso.Chenwasingoodformandherskillsareexcellent.ButIshouldsaySunisquiteanopponent.M:Oh,it’sreallyapityImissedit!聽下面一段長對(duì)話，回答小題。13．WherewilltheymeettopracticeChineseandEnglish?A．Inateahouse. B．Inacafe. C．Inaclassroom.14．Howlongwilltheypracticeeachtime?A．90minutes. B．80minutes. C．70minutes.15．Sincewhenandatwhattimewilltheystart?A．ThisMonday;11:30. B．NextMonday;10:00. C．NextMonday;1:20.16．Whatwillthewomanbringwithher?A．Hertextbook. B．Ataperecorder. C．BothAandB．【答案】13．B14．A15．B16．C【原文】W:John,whatdoyousayifwecometothiscafeoften,maybewecouldmeethereandpracticeChineseandEnglish?M:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.Howoftenwouldyouliketodoit?W:Let'ssee...Myschedulerightnowisquitebusy.ButIthinkIcouldspend90minutesaweekinlanguageexchange.M:Howwouldwemanageitthough?Howwouldwespendthe90minutes?W:First,wecouldspend45minutesworkingonyourEnglishwriting.Ifyouwant,Icouldhelpyouedityourpapers.OrwecoulddoEnglishconversation.Orwhateveryouwant.Andthenthenext45minutesyouwouldhelpmewithmyChinese.M:Ithinkitsoundslikeagoodsystem.Butwhenisitconvenienttomeet?W:Well,todayisMonday.Actually,formeMondayatthistimewouldbethebestIamfreefromnowuntil11:30everyMondaymorning.M:Metoo.Infact,I'mfreeuntil1:20onMondays.W:Soifyouwanttomeetat10:00herenextMonday,wecouldstart.M:Itsoundsgood.IwillbringthepapersI'mworkingon.W:AndIwillbringmytextbookandataperecorder.IwouldliketorecordsomethingssoIcanpracticeonmyown.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17．Whywasthespeakerintheriver?A．Togetwaterforpicnic.B．Tocatchafish.C．Togetapieceofwood.18．HowoldwasDannywhenthestoryhappened?A．Six. B．Eight. C．Ten.19．WhatdidDannydowhenthespeakerfellintotheriver?A．Hejumpedintotheriver.B．Hewastooscaredtomove.C．Herantolookfortheirfather.20．Whofinallysavedthespeaker?A．Hisfather. B．Hisbrother. C．Apasser-by.【答案】17．B18．A19．A20．C【原文】WhenIwaseightyearsold,oneday,myfathertookmybrotherandmeonapicnicbesideariver.Whenwearrivedthere,myfathertoldustheriverwasverydangerous.Hemadeuspromisenottowalkuptoit.ButIwastoocuriousaboutit.Ithoughttheremustbekindsoffishintheriver.SoIdidnotkeepmypromise.Iwalkedintotheriverandsawmanyfish.WhenIwantedtocatchafish,Ifelldown.Becausetheriverwasverydeep,Icouldnotstandortouchthebottom.Icriedoutloudly,butnobodywasthere,exceptmybrotherDanny.Myfatherhadgonetosearchforsomewood.Dannywasveryscared.Hedidn’tknowwhathecoulddo,becausehewastwoyearsyoungerthanme.Hejumpedin,butthatjustmadethesituationworse,becausehewasevenshorterthanmeandhecouldn’tswim.Bothofuscriedout.Fortunately,therewasafarmerwhopassedby.Hesavedusbeforeourfathercameback.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAmusicfestival,whichisoftenpresentedwithamainidea,isacommunityeventmainlyaboutliveperformancesofsingingandinstrumentplaying.Onthelistarethemusicfestivalsforfansaroundtheworld.Findyourfavouritenow!FieldDayJanuary1,2022,SydneyFieldDaymeansNewYear’sDayforyoungpeopleinSydney.Seenasthecity’soriginaloutdoorparty,it’sagatheringoffriendscomingtogetherforagreatfun-filledfirstdayoftheyear.There’sanairofhopeandactiveenergyonaperfectsummer’sday.EnvisionFestivalFebruary21-26,2022,UvitaTheEnvisionFestivalisanannualeventinCostaRicathatwantstoprovideachancefordifferentculturestoworkwithoneanothertocreateabettercommunity.Thefestivalencouragespeopletopractiseart,musicanddanceperformances.Atthesametime,ourconnectionwithnatureisexpectedtobestrengthened.McDowellMountainMusicFestivalMarch2-4,2022,PhoenixTheMcDowellMountainMusicFestivalisPhoenix’smusicalcelebrationofcommunityculture.Sinceitsfoundingin2004,itistheonly100%nonprofit(非營利的)musicfestivaldesignedtosupport,entertainandeducatethecommunity.Thefestivalattractsthousandsofvisitorseachyearfromaroundthecountry,anditisanopportunitytoexperiencetrueculture.OldSettler’sMusicFestivalApril19-22,2022,TilmonTheOldSettler’sMusicFestivalisanationallyknownmusicfestivalforAmericanmusic.ThefestivalisheldinTilmon,Texasattheheightofthewildflowerseason.TheOldSettler’sMusicFestivaloffersgreatmusicandactivitiesforthewholefamily.21．WhichcityshouldyougotoifyouintendtoparticipateinamusicfestivalinJanuary?A．Sydney. B．Uvita. C．Phoenix. D．Tilmon.22．WhatisspecialabouttheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival?A．Itencouragespeopletoreceiveeducation.B．Itisnotheldtomakemoney.C．Itprovidesachanceforfriendstomeeteachother.D．Itfocusesonculturespread.23．Whichfestivalsareconnectedwithnature?A．FieldDayandEnvisionFestival.B．EnvisionFestivalandMcDowellMountainMusicFestivalC．OldSettler’sMusicFestivalandMcDowellMountainMusicFestival.D．EnvisionFestivalandOldSettler’sMusicFestival.【答案】21．A22．B23．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)著名的音樂節(jié)。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FieldDay中的“January1,2022,Sydney(2022年1月1日，悉尼)”可知，如果你想在一月份參加音樂節(jié)，你可以去悉尼參加FieldDay。故選A項(xiàng)。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)McDowellMountainMusicFestival中的“Sinceitsfoundingin2004,itistheonly100%nonprofit(非營利的)musicfestivaldesignedtosupport,entertainandeducatethecommunity.(自2004年成立以來，它是唯一一個(gè)100%非盈利性的音樂節(jié)，旨在支持、娛樂和教育社區(qū))”可知，McDowellMountain音樂節(jié)的特殊之處在于它是非營利性的，不是為了賺錢。故選B項(xiàng)。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EnvisionFestival中的“Atthesametime,ourconnectionwithnatureisexpectedtobestrengthened.(與此同時(shí)，我們與自然的聯(lián)系也將得到加強(qiáng))”和OldSettler’sMusicFestival中的“ThefestivalisheldinTilmon,Texasattheheightofthewildflowerseason.(這個(gè)節(jié)日是在野花盛開的季節(jié)，在德克薩斯州的蒂爾蒙舉行的)”可知，EnvisionFestival和OldSettler’sMusicFestival這兩個(gè)音樂節(jié)都與自然相關(guān)。故選D項(xiàng)。BSixteenyearsagoaboygavemeanimportantgift.Itwasasmile.Itwastheearlyautumnofmyfirstyearatamiddleschool,andmyoldschoolwasfaraway.Asaresult,nooneknewwhoIwas.Iwasverylonely,andafraidtospeaktoanyone.EverytimeIheardtheotherstudentstalkingandlaughing,Ifeltmyheartbreak.Icouldn’ttalkwithanyoneaboutmyproblems.Thenoneday,whenmyclassmatesweretalkinghappilywiththeirfriends,Iwassittingatmydeskunhappilyasusual.Atthatmoment,aboyenteredtheclassroom.Ididn’tknowwhohewas.Hepassedbymeandthenturnedback.Helookedatme,withasmile.Suddenly,Ifeltthetouchofsomethingbrightandfriendly.Itmademefeelhappyandwarm.Thatsmilechangedmylife.Istartedtotalkwithotherstudentsandmakefriends.Daybyday,Ibecameclosertoeveryoneinmyclass.Theboywiththeluckysmilehasbecomemybestfriendnow.OnedayIaskedhimwhyhehadsmiled,buthecouldn’trememberdoingso!Itdoesn’tmatterbecauseallthedarkdayshavegone.Ibelievethattheworldiswhatyouthinkitis.Ifyouthinkitislonely,youmightalwaysbealone.Sosmileattheworldanditwillsmileback.24．Whendidthewritergetthegift?A．Attheageof16.B．Aftermakingfriendswiththeboy.C．Inthefirstyearatamiddleschool.D．Afterbecomingclosertoeveryoneintheclass.25．Whywasthesmileanimportantgift?A．Becausethewriter’soldschoolwasfaraway.B．Becausethewriterdidn’tknowwhotheboywas.C．Becausethesmiledidn’tmeananythingtotheboy.D．Becauseitmadethewriterfeelhappyandwarm.26．Whydidn’tthewritertalktoanyoneinhernewschoolaboutherproblems?A．Becauseshewasalwaysunhappy.B．Becauseshedidn’tknowanyoneatthetime.C．Becauseshewasinthefirstyearatthejuniorhighschool.D．Becauseshedidn’twantherparentstoworryabouther.27．Howdidthesmilechangeherlife?A．Shestartedtomakefriends.B．Shebecamethebestfriendoftheboy.C．Herparentsdidn’tworryaboutheranymore.D．Sherealizedthatshewaslonely.【答案】24．C25．D26．B27．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者在上高中時(shí)由于一個(gè)男孩子的微笑從而鼓起勇氣開始和同學(xué)們成為朋友的故事，通過這個(gè)故事作者領(lǐng)悟到只有微笑面對(duì)世界，才能贏得更多的微笑。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Sixteenyearsagoaboygavemeanimportantgift.Itwastheearlyautumnofmyfirstyearatamiddleschool,andmyoldschoolwasfaraway.”（16年前，一個(gè)男孩送給我一份重要的禮物。那是我上中學(xué)第一年的初秋，我的母校離我很遠(yuǎn)。）可知，作者得到禮物是在上中學(xué)的第一年。故選C項(xiàng)。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itmademefeelhappyandwarm.”（它讓我感到快樂和溫暖。）可知，這個(gè)微笑是重要禮物的原因是它讓作者感到溫暖和快樂。故選D項(xiàng)。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Asaresult,nooneknewwhoIwas.Iwasverylonely,andafraidtospeaktoanyone.”（結(jié)果，沒人知道我是誰。我很孤獨(dú)，不敢和任何人說話。）及第二段“EverytimeIheardtheotherstudentstalkingandlaughing,Ifeltmyheartbreak.Icouldn’ttalkwithanyoneaboutmyproblems.”（每次我聽到其他學(xué)生的談笑，我都感到心碎。我不能和任何人談?wù)撐业膯栴}。）可知，作者沒有和她新學(xué)校的任何人談?wù)撍膯栴}的原因是因?yàn)樗?dāng)時(shí)不認(rèn)識(shí)任何人。故選B項(xiàng)。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Istartedtotalkwithotherstudentsandmakefriends.”（我開始和其他學(xué)生交談并交朋友。）可知，這個(gè)微笑使作者發(fā)生的改變是她開始去交朋友。故選A項(xiàng)。CThereisatimewhenmanyAmericansquestionwhetheracollegedegreeisworthitscost.However,arecentstudyfoundAmericanswhocompletedcollegeoruniversityaremorelikelytohavefriendsandarelesslonelythanthosewhoonlyfinishedhighschool.DanielCox,directoroftheSurveyCenteronAmericanLife,saidthatingeneralAmericansareexperiencinga“friendrecession”,meaningadeclineintheirnumberoffriends.Coxnoted,“Americanshavefewerclosefriendstodaythanwedidintheearly1990s.Butmenandthosewithoutacollegedegreeareparticularlyaffectedbecausetheyseemtohaveexperiencedamuchmoredramaticdeclineoverthatperiod.”TheCenterquestioned5,054peoplethispastsummer.ItfoundAmericanswithacollegedegreefeelmoresociallyconnectedandaremoreactiveintheircommunitiesthanpeoplewhodidn’tgotocollege.Asaresult,thosewhocompletedcollegereportfeelinglesslonely.PreviousresearchshowedthatAmericanswhodidn’tgotocollegearelesslikelytomarry.A2012studyfoundthatcollege-educatedwomenaremuchmorelikelytogetmarriedthanwomenwhodroppedoutofhighschool.A2013studyofpeoplebornbetween1957and1964foundthatbothmenandwomenwhodidn’tfinishhighschoolarelesslikelytomarrythanthosewithmoreeducation.Today,65percentofcollege-educatedAmericansoverage25aremarried.About50percentofpeoplewithahighschooldiploma,orwhodroppedoutofhighschool,aremarried.Thosenumbersweredifferentin1990,whenmarriageratesamongthecollegegraduateswereat69percent,comparedwith63percentforthosewhodidnotgotocollege,saysaPewresearchreport.TheAmericanCommunityLifeSurveyfoundaround1in10collegegraduatessaytheyhavenoclosesocialconnections.ThatnumberrisesamongAmericanswithoutadegree,wherealmost1in4saytheyhavenoclosefriends.28．Whenwasthestudycarriedoutaccordingtothepassage?A．Whenpsychologicalproblemsarosesharply.B．Whenthenumberofcollegegraduatesdeclined.C．WhenAmericansexperiencedafriendrecession.D．Whenconcernsaboutcollegecostsappeared.29．Whyaresomestudiesmentionedinparagraph4?A．Toprovideevidencefortheresearch. B．Toanalyzethereasonsforloneliness.C．Toshowtheimportanceofmarriage. D．Tocomparedifferencesingenerations.30．Inwhichcolumnofamagazinemaythispassageappear?A．Entertainment. B．Education. C．Technology. D．Health.31．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．SocialproblemsintheAmericansociety.B．ReasonsforAmericans’lowmarriagerates.C．Linksbetweeneducationandsocialinteraction.D．Discussionsaboutwhethertogetacollegedegree.【答案】28．D29．A30．B31．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是受教育程度與社交活動(dòng)之間的聯(lián)系。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ThereisatimewhenmanyAmericansquestionwhetheracollegedegreeisworthitscost.(有一段時(shí)間，許多美國人質(zhì)疑大學(xué)學(xué)位是否物有所值。)”可知，人們開始質(zhì)疑大學(xué)學(xué)位的價(jià)值，結(jié)合“However,arecentstudyfoundAmericanswhocompletedcollegeoruniversityaremorelikelytohavefriendsandarelesslonelythanthosewhoonlyfinishedhighschool.(然而，最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)的美國人比那些只完成高中學(xué)業(yè)的人更有可能有朋友，也不那么孤獨(dú)。)”可知，一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，受過大學(xué)教育的人更有可能結(jié)交朋友，而且孤獨(dú)感較少，由此可知，該研究是在人們質(zhì)疑大學(xué)價(jià)值時(shí)進(jìn)行的。故選D項(xiàng)。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“TheCenterquestioned5,054peoplethispastsummer.ItfoundAmericanswithacollegedegreefeelmoresociallyconnectedandaremoreactiveintheircommunitiesthanpeoplewhodidn’tgotocollege.(去年夏天，該中心對(duì)5054人進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，擁有大學(xué)學(xué)位的美國人比沒有上過大學(xué)的人更有社交聯(lián)系，在社區(qū)中也更活躍。)”可知，研究5,045人發(fā)現(xiàn)上大學(xué)的人感到不那么孤獨(dú)，根據(jù)第四段中的“PreviousresearchshowedthatAmericanswhodidn’tgotocollegearelesslikelytomarry.(此前的研究表明，沒有上過大學(xué)的美國人結(jié)婚的可能性較小。)”以及下文中列舉的研究可知，以前的研究表明，沒有上過大學(xué)的人結(jié)婚的可能性較小，由此可知，第四段中提到的關(guān)于上學(xué)和結(jié)婚狀況兩者之間的研究結(jié)果是為了第三段中的研究結(jié)論提供證據(jù)。故選A項(xiàng)。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段“However,arecentstudyfoundAmericanswhocompletedcollegeoruniversityaremorelikelytohavefriendsandarelesslonelythanthosewhoonlyfinishedhighschool.(然而，最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)的美國人比那些只完成高中學(xué)業(yè)的人更有可能有朋友，也不那么孤獨(dú)。)”可知，本文主要是介紹的是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)受過大學(xué)教育對(duì)人們社交的影響，由此可知，本文應(yīng)該選自教育相關(guān)的雜志。故選B項(xiàng)。31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“However,arecentstudyfoundAmericanswhocompletedcollegeoruniversityaremorelikelytohavefriendsandarelesslonelythanthosewhoonlyfinishedhighschool.(然而，最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)的美國人比那些只完成高中學(xué)業(yè)的人更有可能有朋友，也不那么孤獨(dú)。)”結(jié)合下文中對(duì)該項(xiàng)研究的分析可知，文章介紹了美國人的受教育程度對(duì)社交的影響，因此，文章主要是關(guān)于受大學(xué)教育對(duì)社交的影響，所以D項(xiàng)中的“關(guān)于是否需要去上大學(xué)的討論”與主題一致。故選D項(xiàng)。DImproveCloudSecuritySensitivecustomerdatahasconstantlybeenfoundexposedoncloudserverswithoutpasswordprotection.Toeasetheproblem,databasesoftwaremakershavebeentryingtomakesecurityeasierforclouddatabasemanagers.AttheEnigmaConferenceinSanFrancisco,KennWhite,asecuritymanageratdatabasesoftwaremakerMongoDB,willdescribeanewtechnique,calledfieldlevelencryption,tomakedatasaferonthecloud.Fieldlevelencryptionworksbyscramblingdatabeforeit’ssenttoaclouddatabaseandrearrangingitinorderwhenthedataisneededforuse.Thepromiseoftheproductistoprotectthecontentsofaclouddatabase,evenifbadguysaccessit.MongoDB’snewfeaturecomesasmoreandmorecompaniesmoveuserdatatocloudservers,ratherthanruntheirowncostlydatacenters.Itwaspredictedthatcloudcomputingwouldbea$214billionindustrybytheendof2019.Thatwouldbeupmorethan17%from2018,whenitwas$182billion.Companieshaverushedtothecloudwithoutunderstandingallofthepossiblesecurityconsequences.Manycompanieshaveleftcountlessdatabasesexposed,revealingpersonaldata.Adatabasecontainingdetailsaboutwholivesin80millionUShouseholdswasleftunprotectedin2019,justlikethedataonFacebookusers.Databasemanagerswanttostoretheirdatainanunreadableform,buttheyalsowanttobeabletofindspecificpiecesofinformationinthedatabasewithasimplesearchterm.Forexample,someonemightwanttolookuphealthcarepatientsbytheirSocialSecuritynumbers,evenifthosenumbersarestoredasrandomcharacters.Tomakethispossible,fieldlevelencryptionletsdatabasemanagersencryptasearchtermontheirmachineandsendittothedatabaseasaquery.Thedatabasematchestheencryptedversionofthesearchtermwiththerecordit’sstoringandthensendsitbacktoyou.Thisapproachonlyworkswithspecifickindsofdata.Forexample,fieldlevelencryptionisn’tusefulforlongtextentries,likenotesinapatient’smedicalchart,becauseyoucan’tsearchforindividualwords.Still,fordatalikeaccountnumbers,passwordsandgovernmentIDnumbers,fieldlevelencryptionprotectsdataandmaintainsausabledatabase.Mostimportantly,Whitesaid,it’ssimpletosetup.Databasemanagersturnitonwithaone-timeconfigurationchangewhentheysetupthedatabase.“That’sreallypowerful,”hesaidinaninterview.32．Theunderlinedword“scrambling”inparagraph2probablymeans________.A．mixing B．collecting C．hiding D．storing33．Whatcanfieldlevelencryptiondo?A．SecurethesafetyofInternetpages. B．Protectfileswithauniquestyleofstorage.C．Stopbadguysfromaccessingthedatabase. D．Enablecompaniestostorefilesonthecloud.34．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Companiesshouldmoveuserdatatocloudservers.B．Cloudcomputingachieveda17%increasein2019.C．Companiesmaybeunawareoftherisksofthecloud.D．Nocompanieswerewillingtoruntheirowndatacenters.35．Theauthorwrotethepassagemainlyto________.A．presentsomefacts B．offersecurityadviceC．introduceatechnique D．recommendaproduct【答案】32．A33．B34．C35．C【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種名為“字段級(jí)加密”的新技術(shù)，該技術(shù)可以使云計(jì)算上的數(shù)據(jù)更加安全。文章說明了云計(jì)算所存在的一些問題以及字段級(jí)加密這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的一些優(yōu)勢(shì)和工作原理。32．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“beforeit’ssenttoaclouddatabaseandrearrangingitinorderwhenthedataisneededforuse”可知，后文提到在需要使用數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)重新排列數(shù)據(jù)，說明字段級(jí)加密的工作原理是在數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到云數(shù)據(jù)庫之前打亂數(shù)據(jù)，并在需要使用數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)重新排列數(shù)據(jù)，故畫線詞意思是“打亂，使混合”。A.mixing使混合；B.collecting收集；C.hiding隱藏；D.storing儲(chǔ)存。故選A。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thepromiseoftheproductistoprotectthecontentsofaclouddatabase,evenifbadguysaccessit.(該產(chǎn)品的承諾是即使有壞人訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫，也可以保護(hù)云數(shù)據(jù)庫的內(nèi)容)”可知，字段級(jí)加密能以獨(dú)特的存儲(chǔ)方式保護(hù)文件。故選B。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Companieshaverushedtothecloudwithoutunderstandingallofthepossiblesecurityconsequences.Manycompanieshaveleftcountlessdatabasesexposed,revealingpersonaldata.(企業(yè)在沒有了解所有可能的安全后果的情況下，就紛紛涌向云計(jì)算。許多公司暴露了無數(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)庫，泄露了個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù))”可推知，公司可能沒有意識(shí)到云計(jì)算的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選C。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“AttheEnigmaConferenceinSanFrancisco,KennWhite,asecuritymanageratdatabasesoftwaremakerMongoDB,willdescribeanewtechnique,calledfieldlevelencryption,tomakedatasaferonthecloud.(在舊金山舉行的Enigma會(huì)議上，數(shù)據(jù)庫軟件制造商MongoDB的安全經(jīng)理KennWhite將介紹一種名為“字段級(jí)加密”的新技術(shù)，該技術(shù)可以使云計(jì)算上的數(shù)據(jù)更加安全)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一種名為“字段級(jí)加密”的新技術(shù)，該技術(shù)可以使云計(jì)算上的數(shù)據(jù)更加安全。文章說明了云計(jì)算所存在的一些問題以及字段級(jí)加密這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的一些優(yōu)勢(shì)和工作原理?？赏浦?，作者寫這篇文章主要是為了介紹一項(xiàng)技術(shù)。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeoplewhoenjoyreadingandwritingwanttobecomebookreviewers.36Butmosthaveatleastahighschooldiplomaand,inmanycases,theyhaveacollegedegreeinliteratureorarelatedfield.Forprofessionalbookreviewers,anEnglishorwritingdegreeisalsoapopularchoice.Itgenerallytakesmuchpatiencetobecomeabookreviewer.37.Readasmanybookreviewsaspossibletogetanideaofthetoneandcontentofthereviews.Andrememberbookreviewsarealittledifferentfrombookcritiques.Theyaretraditionallylessformalcomparedwithbookcritiques.Ifyouwanttobecomeabookreviewer,it’snecessarytodeterminewhattypeofbookyouwishtoreview.Mostbookreviewersspecializeinonespecifictype.38Whichevertypeyouwanttoreview,youshouldtrulyenjoyreadingitandberelativelyknowledgeableaboutcommonthemesandplotmethods.39Evenifthereviewsareneverpublished,it’simportanttohavesamples.Mosteditorswon’thireareviewerwithoutanysamplepieces.Itmaybeeasiertostartwritingforauniversitynewspaperoralocalnewspaperwhileyou’restillincollege.Anotheroptionistowritereviewsandpostthemonablog.Thus,youprepareyourselfforbecomingabookreviewer.Mostbookreviewersarefreelance(自由撰稿的)writerswhoarepaidperpiece.40Inexchange,theywillreceivefreebookstoreview,sometimesaheadoftheirpublicationdates.Itcanbedifficulttogetstarted,aswithanyfreelancewritingcareer,butforsomeonewhoenjoysreadingandwritingaboutbooks,itisanexcellentchoice.A．Andthesalarycanbehigh.B．Andtherearenospecificeducationalrequirements.C．Somesimplywritebookreviewsonavoluntarybasis.D．Interestingly,therearedifferenttypesofbookreviewers.E．Itcanbepopularfiction,historicalfictionoranythingelse.F．It’simpossibletobecomeareviewerwithoutwritingsomereviews.G．Andit’simportanttolearnmuchaboutbookreviewingaheadoftime.【答案】36．B37．G38．E39．F40．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如何成為一名書評(píng)人以及對(duì)書評(píng)人的要求。36．根據(jù)上文“Manypeoplewhoenjoyreadingandwritingwanttobecomebookreviewers.(許多喜歡閱讀和寫作的人都想成為書評(píng)人)”以及后文“Butmosthaveatleastahighschooldiplomaand,inmanycases,theyhaveacollegedegreeinliteratureorarelatedfield.Forprofessionalbookreviewers,anEnglishorwritingdegreeisalsoapopularchoice.(但大多數(shù)人至少有高中文憑，在許多情況下，他們有文學(xué)或相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的大學(xué)學(xué)位。對(duì)于專業(yè)書評(píng)人來說，英語或?qū)懽鲗W(xué)位也是一個(gè)受歡迎的選擇)”可知，后文提到了至少有高中文憑，可知本句與學(xué)歷相關(guān)，且與后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出沒有特定的學(xué)歷要求。故B選項(xiàng)“而且沒有特定的學(xué)歷要求”符合語境，故選B。37．根據(jù)上文“Itgenerallytakesmuchpatiencetobecomeabookreviewer.(成為一名書評(píng)人通常需要很大的耐心)”以及后文“Readasmanybookreviewsaspossibletogetanideaofthetoneandcontentofthereviews.Andrememberbookreviewsarealittledifferentfrombookcritiques.Theyaretraditionallylessformalcomparedwithbookcritiques.(盡可能多地閱讀書評(píng)，了解書評(píng)的基調(diào)和內(nèi)容。記住，書評(píng)和書判有點(diǎn)不同。與書判相比，它們傳統(tǒng)上不那么正式)”可知，上文提到了需要耐心，后文列舉了成為書評(píng)人的步驟，可推知本句是第一步：提前了解書評(píng)。故G選項(xiàng)“提前了解書評(píng)是很重要的”符合語境，故選G。38．根據(jù)上文“Mostbookreviewersspecializeinonespecifictype.(大多數(shù)書評(píng)家都專注于一種特定的類型)”可知，本句主要就上文提到的特定類型的書進(jìn)行列舉，E選項(xiàng)中It指代上文onespecifictype.。故E選項(xiàng)“它可以是通俗小說、歷史小說或其他任何東西”符合語境，故選E。39．根據(jù)后文“Evenifthereviewsareneverpublished,it’simportanttohavesamples.Mosteditorswon’thireareviewerwithoutanysamplepieces.Itmaybeeasiertostartwritingforauniversitynewspaperoralocalnewspaperwhileyou’restillincollege.Anotheroptionistowritereviewsandpostthemonablog.Thus,youprepareyourselfforbecomingabookreviewer.(即使評(píng)論永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)發(fā)表，有樣本也是很重要的。大多數(shù)編輯不會(huì)雇用沒有任何樣本文章的審稿人。當(dāng)你還在大學(xué)的時(shí)候，為校報(bào)或地方報(bào)紙寫文章可能會(huì)更容易。另一個(gè)選擇是撰寫評(píng)論并將其發(fā)布在博客上。因此，你為成為一名書評(píng)人做好了準(zhǔn)備)”可知，本段提到了撰寫評(píng)論，說明要先寫出評(píng)論，作為樣本，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)中writingsomereviews對(duì)應(yīng)后文writereviews。故F選項(xiàng)“不寫評(píng)論是不可能成為書評(píng)人的”符合語境，故選F。40．根據(jù)上文“Mostbookreviewersarefreelance(自由撰稿的)writerswhoarepaidperpiece.(大多數(shù)書評(píng)人都是按篇計(jì)酬的自由撰稿人)”以及后文“Inexchange,theywillreceivefreebookstoreview,sometimesaheadoftheirpublicationdates.Itcanbedifficulttogetstarted,aswithanyfreelancewritingcareer,butforsomeonewhoenjoysreadingandwritingaboutbooks,itisanexcellentchoice.(作為交換，他們會(huì)收到免費(fèi)的書來寫書評(píng)，有時(shí)還會(huì)是提前出版的書。這可能很難開始，就像任何自由寫作職業(yè)一樣，但對(duì)于喜歡閱讀和寫書的人來說，這是一個(gè)很好的選擇)”可知，上文提到了大多數(shù)的書評(píng)人，可知本句是在說明另一種類型的書評(píng)人，且與自由寫作職業(yè)類似，即自愿寫書評(píng)的人。故C選項(xiàng)“一些人只是自愿寫書評(píng)”符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ihadneverbeenawayfromhome,atleastnotformorethanthreedays,muchlesstwowholeweeks.WhenIgotthechancetogotoJournalismCamp,Iwas41.WhatifIhadtogohomeduringcamptimebecauseIwouldn’tbeableto42?WhatifmyroommateandIdidn’t43?WhatifIdidn’tknowhowtouseawashingmachine?Well,afterthefirstnight;nearlyallofmy44wereanswered.Thestudentswereamazing,andmyroommatewas45.Shealwayslistenedtomepatiently!Thetwoweeksnearlyflewby,andIlearnedtotake46formyself:washingclothes,cleaningandallocating(分配)myweeklypocketmopeyto47itforallmeals.However,in,theprocessIdidn’