新課標2024高考英語一輪復習課時作業(yè)143-4Astronomythescienceofthestars新人教版必修3

PAGE1課時作業(yè)143-4AstronomythescienceofthestarsⅠ.閱讀下列各句，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的適當形式。1．OverthepastfiveyearsTom________(go)throughalotofhardships.2．Takeyourbankcardwithyouwhenonabusinesstrip,________cansaveyoualotoftroubles.3．NowthatIhavefinishedbuying,Tom,________histurn，shouldcook.4．Lastnightwehadadiscussion,whichbecamemoreandmoreviolent.Finallywereachedanagreementthatwewillneveruse________(violent)whateverhappens.5．Sarahmadeittotheairportjust________timetocatchherplanethismorning.6．Readinginthesunis________(harm)toyoureyes.7．TheeducationreformisbeingcarriedoutinChina.It'scertainthatacompletelynewsituationwillarisewhenthenewexaminationsystemcomesinto________(exist)．8．Theygivebirth________theiryoungandfeedthemwiththeirmilk.9．Tomgotuplate,thus________(miss)theearlybus.10．WhenItrytounderstandwhatitisthatpreventssomanychildren________beinghappy,thereseemtobethreecauses.11．Idon'tthinkyourlecturegotacrosstotheaudience,fortheyappearedquite________(puzzle)．12．Thetreeintheneighbor'sgardenblocks________alotofourlight.13．Cheer________，andyoucanpasstheexam.14．Thefirebroke________atmidnight.15．Thisgardenisthreetimes________bigasthatone.16．Now________we'vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisionstaken?17．Watchout________thatmanwhowearsdarkglasses.18．Thegirl'sbeingeducated________asimplelivingatmospherewaswhatherparentswishedfor.19．Thefireworksexploded________alldirections.20．Doyouknow________thisdisabledmansucceededinrunningsuchabigcompany?答案1．hasgone2.which3.in4.violence5.in6．harmful7.existence8.to9.missing10.from11．puzzled12.out13.up14.out15.as16.that17．for18.in19.in20.howⅡ.閱讀理解A(2024年內蒙古赤峰二中高三月考)BangkokTransportationPublicbusesTheBangkokMassTransitAuthority(BMTA)ischargedwithprovidingbusservicetopeoplelivingandworkinginBangkokandthenearbyprovinces.AsofFebruary，2005,theBMTAoperatedatotalof113routes,servedby3，526buses,ofwhich1，665wereregularbusesand1，861air-conditionedbuses.Therewerealsoprivately-ownedbusesoperatedundertheBMTAwithatotalof3，535regularandair-conditionedbusesand1，067minibusesincluding2，325smallbuseswhichprovideservicesinlanes.Anaverageof3.4millionpeopleusetheseservicesdaily.TypesofBusesandFaresTypeBuscolorFareServicetimeRegularbusCream-red7baht05：00—23：00RegularbusWhite-blue8baht05：00—23：00ExpresswaybusCream-red9baht05：00—23：00All-sightservicebusCream-red8.5baht23：00—05：00Air-conditionedbusCream-blue11、13、15、17、19baht(dependingonthedistance)05：00—23：00FareExemptionsThefollowingpassengersareeligibleforbusfareexemptions：1．BMTAbusinspectors2．Mailmeninuniformwhileonduty3．HoldersofBMTAemployeeIDcardsHalf-PriceConcessionsThefollowingpassengersareeligibleforhalf-pricefareswhenusingtheserviceofregularbuses.1．TheblindwithacertificatefromtheAssociationoftheBlind2．Soldiersandpolicemeninuniform3．HoldersofofficialcertificatesormedalsasspecifiedbytheRegulationonBusFareFareConcessionsforAir-conditionedBusesHoldersofthefollowingofficialcertificatesandmedalsareeligibleforair-conditionedbusfarereductions.1．VictoryMedal(Off-springofthismedalarealsoentitled)2．BorderServiceMedal3．Free-MallProtectionMedal4．EuropeanRoyalWarMedal5．Non-activeWarVeteransClasses123and46．BTMAEmployeeIDcardsSearchforbusroutehere@BangkokTourismDivision1．WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheBangkokTransportation?A．BusesinBangkokareofthesamesize.B．Atleast3.4millionpeopletakeabuseveryday.C．BusesoperatedundertheBMTAareownedbyindividuals.D．BMTAprovidescitybusesandinter-provincialbusservice.2．Whoneedn'tpayfaresonaregularbus?A．AgrandsonofaVictoryMedalholder.B．Apostman，togetherwithhisfamily.C．Ablindpersonwithamedicalcertificate.D．ABMTAinspectorwithhisemployeecard.3．Howmuchshouldasoldierinuniformpaywhenhetakesawhite-bluebus?A．5.50baht. B．4baht.C．7baht. D．8baht.答案與解析本文是應用文，是一則布告，主要介紹了泰國首都曼谷的公交車公司BMTA所供應服務信息，涉及車型、票價等詳細信息。1．D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第一句“TheBangkokMassTransitAuthority(BMTA)ischargedwithprovidingbusservicetopeoplelivingandworkinginBangkokandthenearbyprovinces.”可知BMTA為生活在曼谷的人以及旁邊省份的人通過公交車服務。故D項正確。2．D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據“FareExemptions部分Thefollowingpassengersareeligibleforbusfareexemptions：1.BMTAbusinspectors...3.HoldersofBMTAemployeeIDcards”可知BMTAbusinspectors和持有BMTAemployeeIDcards的員工都可以免費乘車。故D項正確。3．B數據計算題。依據Half-PriceConcessions部分2.Soldiersandpolicemeninuniform可知士兵和穿制服的警察乘車半價；依據表格中White-blue的車票是8baht，半價應當是4baht。故B項正確。BForgrownups,anafternoonsnooze(打盹)isofteneasiersaidthandone.Butmanyofushaveprobablyexperiencedjusthowsimpleitcanbetocatchsomesleepinagentlyrockinghammock(吊床).Byexaminingbrainwavesinsleepingadults,researchersreportedintheJune21issueofCurrentBiology,aCellPresspublication,thattheynowhaveevidencetoexplainwhythatis.“Itisacommonbeliefthatrockingcausessleep:wefallasleepinarockingchairsoonand,sinceancienttimes,wecradleourbabiestosleep，”saidSophieSchwartzoftheUniversityofGeneva.“Yet,howthisworkshadremainedamystery.Thegoalofourstudywasmadeupoftwoparts:totestwhetherrockingdoesindeedimprovesleep,andtounderstandhowthismightworkatthebrainlevel.”Schwartz,MichelMuhlethaler,andtheircolleaguesLaurenceBayerandIrinaConstantinescuaskedtwelveadultvolunteerstonaponacustommadebedor“experimentalhammock”thatcouldeitherremainstillorrockgently.Allparticipantsweregoodsleeperswhodidn'ttypicallynapanddidnotsufferfromexcessivesleepinessduringtheday.Eachparticipanttooktwo45minuteafternoonnaps,onewiththebedstillandonewiththebedinmotion,whiletheirbrainactivitiesweremonitored.“Weobservedafastertransitiontosleepineachandeverysubjectintheswingingcondition，”Muhlethalersaid.“Surprisingly,wealsoobservedadramaticboostingofcertaintypesofsleeprelatedbrainwaves.”Morespecifically,rockingincreasedthelengthofstageN2sleep,aformofnonrapideyemovementsleepthatnormallyoccupiesabouthalfofagoodnight'ssleep.Therockingbedalsohadalastingeffectonbrainactivity,increasingslowbrainwavesandburstsofactivityknownassleepspindles(紡錘體)．SchwartzandMuhlethalersaythenextstepistofindoutwhetherrockingcanimprovelongerperiodsofsleepandtofindoutwhetheritmaybeusefulforthetreatmentofsleepdisorders,suchasinsomnia(失眠)．4．WhatdoestheJune21issueofCurrentBiologytellusaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Itismoredifficultforgrownupstofallasleep.B．Peopletodayliketosleepinarockinghammock.C．Manypeoplenowadayssufferfromexcessivesleepiness.D．Therecomestheevidencetoexplainwhyrockingbenefitspeople'ssleep.5．WhatcanwelearnfromSophieSchwartz'swords?A．Histeamaimedtoanswertwoquestions.B．Thestudyisgoingtobenefitbabiesalot.C．Thestudyhadbeenkeptsecretbeforefinished.D．Peopleusedtobelieverockingwasbadforsleep.6．Whatfindingwasbeyondtheresearchers'expectation?A．Therockingseemedtoimproveparticipants'sleepquality.B．Alltheparticipantsfellasleepfasterintheswingingcondition.C．Someparticipantscouldn'tfallasleepintheswingingcondition.D．Participantshadatendencytosleepexcessivelyintheswingingbed.7．WhatdoSchwartzandMuhlethalerexpecttofigureoutinthenextresearch?A．Whetherswingcancauseinsomnia.B．Whetherswingcanextendsleeptime.C．Whetherswingcanchangebrainwaves.D．Whetherswingcanbenefitmemoryconsolidation.8．Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldprobablybe________.A．Takeasnooze.EasiersaidthandoneB．Wantafastersleep?ChangeyoursleepinghabitsC．Needanap?FindyourselfahammockD．Sufferfromsleepdisorder?Newtreatmentfound答案與解析本文通過探討成年人在睡覺時大腦水紋，發(fā)覺了成年人在輕輕搖擺的狀態(tài)下更簡單入睡。4．D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。在第一段告知我們這樣一個現象，成年人在輕輕搖擺狀態(tài)下簡單入睡。故選D。5．A推理推斷題。其次段，從遠古時代人們在輕搖狀態(tài)下簡單入睡，但什么緣由促使睡眠始終都是未解之謎，所以從他的話中推斷這一探討旨在解開謎底。故選A。6．A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。第四段Weobservedafastertransitiontosleepineachandeverysubjectintheswingingcondition和Surprisingly,wealsoobservedadramaticboostingofcertaintypesofsleeprelatedbrainwaves.推斷在試驗過程中意外發(fā)覺了輕搖可以改善睡眠質量。故選A。7．B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。最終一段SchwartzandMuhlethalersaythenextstepistofindoutwhetherrockingcanimprovelongerperiodsofsleep可知下一步將探討搖擺是不是可以延長睡眠時間，故選B。8．C主旨大意題。文章主要是講解并描述了通過探討發(fā)覺成年人在輕搖狀態(tài)下更簡單入睡，并就此綻開探討，故C項是對文章內容的概括，故選C。CIwentonlinetocheckifmypaywasinmybankaccount.Tomyamazement,IdiscoveredthatnotonlyhadIbeenpaid,acompanyI'dneverworkedforhadalsopaidme!IknewI'dhavebeenbeside_myselfifmyownsalarywasnotinmyaccount,soItriedtogetthemoneybacktotherightperson.Itiseasiersaidthandone.Thebankcouldn'thelpasitwasn'tabankproblem.Thehuman-resourcedepartmentasthecompanythatpaidmewasunabletohelpasIdidn'thaveenoughdetails.Irangthebankagain.ThankfullyIhadsympatheticcalloperatorwhogavemeaname,soIagainrangthecompany“Daniel”workedfor.IexpectedthebankwouldcontactmetoarrangetotakethemoneyfrommyaccountandrepayDaniel.IheardnothingforamonthandthemoneyremainedinmyaccountwhenDanielcalled,explaininghe'dtriedtogetbackhismoneybuthadbeenunsuccessfulasneitherthebanknorhiscompanyfeltitwastheirerror.HehadrungtoaskifIcouldspeaktothebank,butafterchattingforafewminuteswerealizedwecouldprobablyfixthisproblemourselves.WedecidedIwouldtakethemoneyfrommyaccountandhewouldpickitupfromme.DuetomybusyjobIwasunabletomeetDanielpersonallybutheleftmealovelybottleofwineinexchangeforwhatwasrightfullyhis.IneverhadanyintentionofkeepingDaniel'spay,butredtape(繁瑣手續(xù))madeitdifficulttodotherightthing.Itallcamedowntotwopeoplebeingabletodowhatahugebankandalargecompanycouldn'tdo—admitamistakehasoccurredandfixit.9．Theunderlinedphrase“besidemyself”inParagraph1probablymeans________．A．veryfortunate B．veryangryC．reallythankful D．atease10．Whatwastheattitudeoftheauthortowardstheextramoneyinhisbankaccount?A．Hedidn'tknowwhattodowithit.B．Hefeltluckytogetit.C．Hethoughtofkeepingitforhimself.D．Hewantedtoreturnittotherightplace.11．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Danielhadbeenrepaidwhenhecalledtheauthor.B．Theauthorwastoblameashedidn'thaveenoughd