2024年高考二輪復習-完形填空微專題強化練6-非常規(guī)選材之說明文和議論文

2/2完形填空微專題強化練6非常規(guī)選材之說明文和議論文考情速遞：近幾年高考完形填空主要考查記敘文，但也要關注其他文體，如說明文和議論文，做到備考無死角。解題提示：1.說明文完形填空解題要領：①明確說明對象，理清段落關系；②弄清說明順序，把握作者態(tài)度。2.議論文完形填空解題要領：①抓住開篇，明確論點；②關注論證方式，理清行文邏輯；③關注尾段，把握結論。Fifty－fivemorepublicschoolshaverecentlyinviteddogstotheirclassrooms.Dogshavebeen__1__inclassforfiveyearsduetotheComfortDogProgram,whichisbecomingmore__2__now.Comfortdogshavebeenfoundto__3__positivefeelings.Buthowdothesepets__4__intheclassroom?Forsomestudents,thecomfortpet__5__thememotionally,whichallowsthemtobe__6__intheirstudiesandmakeremarkableachievements.Astrugglingstudentcanturntothepetandgetencouragement.Inothercases，teachersusethepetasateachingtool,makingitpartofthe__7__.Dogtrainingisnot__8__awalkinthepark.Ittakestime,__9__andconsistency.Sodoesthisprogram.Ateacherandtheirdogmustparticipateinasix－h(huán)ourtrainingsession.It__10__theteachertoeffectivelycomfortthestudentsifthey’re__11__ofpets.Thedogisalsotrainedtobe__12__withstrangersandtheteacherwhoneedstobeintunewiththepetandknowhowto__13__itsstresssignals.Theprogramhasbeenasuccess,benefitingsomanystudentsandteachers.Hundredsofotherschools__14__themselveswiththeprogramandhavethe__15__tojoinit.1.A.taught B.employedC.raised D.prohibited2.A.enjoyable B.secureC.popular D.affordable3.A.promote B.experienceC.share D.favor4.A.behave B.assistC.survive D.struggle5.A.protects B.supportsC.moves D.amazes6.A.interested B.occupiedC.absorbed D.skilled7.A.homework B.lessonC.relaxation D.experiment8.A.basically B.obviouslyC.naturally D.necessarily9.A.effort B.moneyC.fortune D.attention10.A.advises B.persuadesC.drives D.coaches11.A.scared B.proudC.tired D.doubtful12.A.strict B.carefulC.patient D.friendly13.A.giveoff B.putasideC.getacross D.makeout14.A.equip B.linkC.concern D.inspire15.A.ability B.curiosityC.intention D.freedom(2023·阜陽高三下學期開學考試)Manypeoplearevolunteeringtohelpothers.Theyareagenerally__1__groupandgettingahugebenefitthatnon－volunteersdon’t.Researchsuggeststhatvolunteersaren’tjusthelpingthecommunitiesthey__2__.Theyactuallyexperienceaboostintheirmentalhealth.__3__withpeoplewhodon’tvolunteer,peoplewhovolunteeraremore__4__withtheirlivesandratetheiroverallhealthasbetter.Alsopeoplewhovolunteermorefrequentlyexperiencegreater__5__：Thosewhovolunteeredatleastonceamonthreportedbettermentalhealththanthosewhovolunteered__6__ornotatall.Theresearchersalsofoundthatpeoplewhostartedtovolunteerbecamehappierovertime.Whileit’s__7__thathappierpeoplespendmoretimevolunteering,studiessuggestthatyoudon’tneedtoalready__8__happytobenefitfromit.Infact,someresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewho__9__withlowerlevelsofwellbeingmayevengetabiggerboostfromvolunteering.Whydoesvolunteering__10__mentalhealth?Acombinationof__11__islikelyatplay.Volunteeringappearstobenaturally__12__—whenwehelpothers,wetendtoexperiencea“warmglow(喜悅)”.Volunteeringisalsolikelytohelpboostasenseof__13__connection.Inparticular,forolderadults,volunteeringcanbeawaytostayconnectedtoothersafter__14__.Finally,volunteeringcanbeawayto__15__professionalskillsandtryoutleadershipopportunities.1.A.weather－beaten B.kind－h(huán)eartedC.nature－loving D.good－looking2.A.respect B.describeC.analyze D.serve3.A.Compared B.HonoredC.Crowded D.Related4.A.impressed B.satisfiedC.bored D.concerned5.A.adventures B.operationsC.victories D.benefits6.A.informally B.unavoidablyC.infrequently D.unworthily7.A.simple B.trueC.strange D.important8.A.feel B.soundC.keep D.turn9.A.putup B.startoutC.showoff D.runaway10.A.manage B.requireC.involve D.support11.A.standards B.activitiesC.factors D.patterns12.A.rewarding B.difficultC.shocking D.suitable13.A.romantic B.remoteC.cultural D.social14.A.retirement B.graduationC.consultation D.treatment15.A.recognize B.buildC.research D.match(2023·邯鄲高三一模)Itisalmostimpossibletobeleftaloneinadigitalworld,wherepeoplearemeanttobeconnected.Inthisrespect,digitaltechnologieshave__1__ourlife.Thepossibilitytobeconnectedallthetimehasbroughtourpersonalspacetoa(n)__2__aswe’veknownit.Peoplehavebecomeso__3__intheworldofnetworksthatonecanoftenbecontactedevenifthey’drathernotbe.Todaywecantalk,textande－mail,notonlyfromour__4__，butfromourmobilephonesaswell.Mostpeoplehavebecome__5__ondigitaltechnologysimplybecauseithasbecomeanecessarypartoflife,andatthispointnot__6__itwouldmakethemansocialoutsider.__7__，manyjobsandcareersrequirepeopletobeconnected.Fromthispointofview,beingreachablemightfeellikea__8__tothosewhomaynotwanttobeabletobecontactedatalltimes.Butsolitude(獨處)stillcanbepossibleforthosewho__9__wantit.Computerscanbe__10__andmobilephonescanbeturnedoff.Ofcourse,thechoicetobe“off”and“on”hasmany__11__aswellasdisadvantages.Whentravelersendup__12__inmountains,andmobilephonescanmeanlifeordeath,althoughtheycanalsomakepeoplefeel__13__andforcedtoanswerunwantedcalls.Actually,attitudestowardsdigitaltechnologiesasasociety__14__widely.Somefindthemagift.Othersconsiderthemacurse.Whetheryoulikeitornot,it’shardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutthe__15__indigitaltechnologies.1.A.reshaped B.respectedC.ignored D.preserved2.A.alarm B.stageC.end D.balance3.A.sensitive B.intelligentC.considerate D.reachable4.A.neighbors B.computersC.friends D.monitors5.A.impressed B.hardC.dependent D.focused6.A.finding B.usingC.protecting D.changing7.A.Also B.InsteadC.Otherwise D.Therefore8.A.pleasure B.benefitC.burden D.shame9.A.slightly B.barelyC.merely D.really10.A.soldout B.brokenupC.shutdown D.joinedin11.A.aspects B.advantagesC.weaknesses D.exceptions12.A.hidden B.lostC.relaxed D.deserted13.A.trapped B.excitedC.confused D.amused14.A.vary B.ariseC.spread D.exist15.A.hopes B.testsC.interests D.achievements參考答案eq\x(A)【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了很多學校使用安慰犬協(xié)助教學的相關情況。1.B[上文提到最近有55所學校邀請狗進課堂，下文提到安慰犬項目，由此可推知狗在課堂中的使用已經(jīng)有五年了。]2.C[根據(jù)上文提到的最近又有55所學校邀請狗進課堂可知，安慰犬項目現(xiàn)在變得更受歡迎了。]3.A[根據(jù)下文中的“thecomfortpetthememotionally...encouragement”可知，此處指安慰犬能讓人產(chǎn)生積極的情緒。promote“促進，推動，增進”。]4.B[根據(jù)下文中的“Forsomestudents...partofthe.”可知，安慰犬對學生和老師都有幫助。由此可知，此處表示這些寵物是如何在教室提供幫助的呢。behave“表現(xiàn)”；assist“幫助，協(xié)助”；survive“繼續(xù)存在，挺過”；struggle“奮斗，努力，爭取”。]5.B[對于有些學生來說，安慰犬可以在情感上支持(supports)他們。]6.C[根據(jù)空后的“intheirstudiesandmakeremarkableachievements”可知，此處說的是使他們能夠專心學習并取得好成績。beabsorbedin“專心致志于，全神貫注于”，符合語境。beinterestedin“對……感興趣”；beoccupiedin“忙于”；beskilledin“在……方面熟練”。]7.B[在其他情況下，老師把安慰犬用作教具，使其成為課程(lesson)的一部分。]8.D[根據(jù)下文中的“Ittakestime...consistency.”和訓練內(nèi)容可知，此處表示訓練狗未必就是在公園里遛遛狗。notnecessarily“不一定，未必”。]9.A[上文提到“Ittakestime”，下文提到“six－h(huán)ourtrainingsession”及需要做的一系列事情，由此可知，訓練狗需要精力。]10.D[結合語境可知，此處講述訓練的內(nèi)容，表示該訓練會指導老師有效地安慰害怕寵物的學生。coach在這里是動詞，表示“培訓，指導”。]11.A[參見上題解析。scared“害怕”。]12.D[根據(jù)安慰犬的工作環(huán)境和工作內(nèi)容可知，此處指狗也被訓練如何與陌生人和老師友好相處。befriendlywithsb“與某人很要好/友好相處”。]13.D[上文提到老師需要與安慰犬保持一致以及在學生害怕時有效安撫學生，由此可知這里指老師需要知道如何識別安慰犬的壓力信號(以保證安全)。giveoff“發(fā)出”；putaside“忽視，不理睬”；getacross“把……講清楚”；makeout“看出，辨認出”。]14.C[很多其他學校也對這個項目感興趣。concern在這里是動詞，concernoneselfwithsth“對……感興趣”。]15.C[上文提到很多其他學校對這個項目感興趣，由此可推知這里表示這些學校有加入這個項目的打算。]eq\x(B)【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章說明了做志愿服務讓人更快樂、心理更健康，并解釋了這種現(xiàn)象的原因。1.B[weather－beaten飽經(jīng)風霜的；kind－h(huán)earted心地善良的；nature－loving熱愛自然的；good－looking好看的。根據(jù)上文“Manypeoplearevolunteeringtohelpothers.”可知，許多人愿意幫助他人，說明他們普遍是心地善良的群體。]2.D[respect尊重；describe描述；analyze分析；serve服務。根據(jù)常識，志愿者參加的都是非營利性組織或團體，他們?yōu)檫@些組織團體服務。]3.A[compare對比；honor執(zhí)行；crowd擁擠；relate關聯(lián)。根據(jù)后文“peoplewhovolunteeraremorewiththeirlivesandratetheiroverallhealthasbetter”可知，做志愿者的人有更多的益處，這個結論是和不做志愿者的人進行對比得出的。]4.B[impressed留下印象；satisfied滿足；bored無聊；concerned關注的。根據(jù)后文“Theresearchersalsofoundthatpeoplewhostartedtovolunteerbecamehappierovertime.”可知，做志愿者的人隨著時間的推移更加幸福，推斷出他們對自己的生活更加滿意。]5.D[adventure冒險；operation操作；victory勝利；benefit益處。根據(jù)后文“Thosewhovolunteeredatleastonceamonthreportedbettermentalhealth”可知，那些做志愿者的人精神更健康，說明做志愿者的人受益更多。]6.C[informally非正式地；unavoidably不可避免地；infrequently稀少地；unworthily無價值地。根據(jù)前文“Thosewhovolunteeredatleastonceamonth”和“than”推斷出，此處要把至少每個月做一次志愿者的人和不做或少做志愿者的人進行對比。]7.B[simple簡單的；true真的；strange奇怪的；important重要的。根據(jù)后文“happierpeoplespendmoretimevolunteering”可知，更幸福的人花更多時間做志愿者活動是客觀事實。]8.A[feel感覺；sound聽起來；keep保持；turn轉向。根據(jù)常識，幸福是一種感覺，應用動詞feel表示感受。]9.B[putup提供；startout開始；showoff炫耀；runaway逃跑。根據(jù)前文“Theresearchersalsofoundthatpeoplewhostartedtovolunteerbecamehappierovertime.”可知，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)做志愿者的人們隨著時間的推移會更幸福，推斷出開始幸福感很低的人也會幸福感提升，startout意為“開始”，符合語境。]10.D[manage經(jīng)營；require要求；involve參與；support有助于。根據(jù)前文“Thosewhovolunteeredatleastonceamonthreportedbettermentalhealth”可知，志愿者活動讓志愿者有更好的心理狀態(tài)，推斷出志愿者活動有助于心理健康。]11.C[standard水平；activity活動；factor因素；pattern方式。根據(jù)后文“Volunteeringappearstobe...boostasenseofconnection.”可知，志愿者活動不僅有回報也可以幫助促進社交，說明志愿者活動有益處是因為各種因素的促進作用。]12.A[rewarding有回報的；difficult困難的；shocking震驚的；suitable合適的。根據(jù)后文“whenwehelpothers,wetendtoexperiencea‘warmglow(喜悅)’.”可知，我們在幫助他人時會經(jīng)歷溫暖的喜悅感，這就是一種回報。]13.D[romantic浪漫的；remote遙遠的；cultural文化的；social社交的。根據(jù)后文“Inparticular,forolderadults,volunteeringcanbeawaytostayconnectedtoothersafter.”可知，對于老年退休者志愿者活動能讓他們保持和他人的聯(lián)系，推斷出志愿者活動可以促進社交聯(lián)系。]14.A[retirement退休；graduation畢業(yè)；consultation咨詢；treatment治療。根據(jù)常識可知，老年人在退休后有可能脫離社會和個人。]15.B[recognize意識到；build建立；research研究；match匹配。根據(jù)后文“andtryoutleadershipopportunities”可知，志愿者活動給人們機會嘗試全新的東西比如領導能力，推斷出專業(yè)技巧也是可以通過志愿者活動建立起來。]eq\x(C)【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章講述數(shù)字技術在給我們帶來方便的同時也幾乎剝奪了我們獨處的機會。1.A[reshape“重塑”；respect“尊敬”；ignore“忽視”；preserve“保存”。根據(jù)上文“Itisalmostimpossible...aremeanttobeconnected.”可知，數(shù)字技術幾乎剝奪了我們獨處的機會，所以從這方面來看，數(shù)字技術重塑了我們的生活。]2.C[根據(jù)上文“Itisalmostimpossibletobeleftaloneinadigitalworld”可知，數(shù)字技術幾乎剝奪了我們獨處的機會，所以這種無時無刻不在的連接終結了我們的私人空間。bring...toanend意為“使……結束”。]3.D[sensitive“敏感的”；intelligent“聰明的”；considerate“體貼的”；reachable“觸手可及的”。此處與下文“Fromthispointofview,beingreachablemightfeellikea”相呼應，表示無處不在的網(wǎng)絡讓我們變得觸手可及。]4.B[neighbor“鄰居”；computer“電腦”；friend“朋友”；monitor“監(jiān)視器”。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示人們不僅可以通過電腦，也可以通過手機交談、發(fā)短信和電子郵件。]5.C[impressed“印象深刻的”；hard“艱難的”；dependent“依賴的”；focused“集中的”。根據(jù)下文“becauseithasbecom